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Political Science Paper I Past Paper Analysis
Section-A
Western Philosophers
➢ Discuss in detail Plato’s concept of justice. 2022
➢ Critically analyze the salient features of Plato's Republic. Do you think that some of
its features are valid, even today? 2018
➢ Give a critical analysis of Aristotle’s classification of Governments. 2016
➢ Aristotle was a realist and not an idealist. Elaborate with reference to his theory of the
ends and functions of the state. 2024
➢ What is the Aristotelian classification of state? 2021
➢ Is it correct to call Machiavelli a citizen of all states and contemporary of all ages?
Substantiate your answer with valid arguments. 2024
➢ Is it correct to say that Machiavelli was an apostle of Power Politics? 2016
➢ Discuss Montesquieu’s theory of Separation of Powers. Why is he considered
Aristotle of the 18th century? 2024
➢ Examine Montesquieu’s theory of separation of powers. Why has he been called the
“Aristotle” of the eighteenth century? 2020
➢ What is the difference between Rousseau’s notion of ‘the state of nature’ and that of
Hobbes and Locke? 2021
➢ Critically analyze the social contract theory of Hobbes, Joke, and Rousseau. 2020
➢ Illustrate the Hobbesian concept of a limited right to revolution. 2022
➢ What is the concept of State of Nature as given by Thomas Hobbes? Make its
comparison with the Social Contract as presented by John Locke and Rousseau. 2018
➢ Compare and contrast the different political philosophies of Hobbes and Locke. How
are these philosophies implemented in present day political systems and policy
making? 2017
➢ Critically examine the concepts of Hobbes and Locke about `Social Contract.
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➢ Examine the view that Hegelian spirit is nothing but the evolution of human
consciousness to the realization of Political Maturity for global human co-existence.
2020
➢ Examine the view that Hegelian spirit is nothing but evolution of human
consciousness to the realization of political maturity for global human co-existence.
2019
➢ According to Marx “the mode of production in material life determines the general
(character of social, political and spiritual process in life”. Elucidate. 2017
➢ Describe in detail Karl Marx’s views on class, state, and religion. 2022
➢ Short note: b. Marx’s theory of Class struggle 2020
➢ “Equal distribution of wealth”, explain this statement in the light of Marx’s
philosophy. 2015
➢ Explain Bentham’s greatest happiness of the greatest number. 2023
➢ Write short notes on the following: 2023
a) Existentialism is humanism
b) Cogito, ergo sum (1 think, therefore I am)
➢ Q.5. Write NOTES on any Two of the following: 2015
a) Bentham’s `Utility’
b) Philosopher King
c) Pressure group
Muslim Philosophers
➢ Compare and contrast the concepts of the executive presented by the Muslim thinkers
Al-Farabi, Al-Mawardi, and Shah Waliuulah 2022
➢ Describe Al-Mawardi's theory of Imamate. 2016
➢ What are Al-Ghazali’s prerequisites for becoming a Khalifa? 2023
➢ Elaborate the Theory of Kingship as propounded by Nizamul-Mulk Tusi. 2024
➢ Ibn I Khaldun while acknowledging the external actors, emphasizes more on the
internal systemic factors as decisive for the decline of the state. Elaborate. 2021
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➢ Write a detailed note on the concept of asbiah as given by Ibn-e-Khaldun. What is its
significance in the progress and decline of nations? 2018
➢ Discuss the upward and downward development of state, rulers and ruled in the socio-
political thought of Ibn Khaldun. 2017
➢ Discuss in detail Ibne Khaldun’s concept of `Asbiyah’. 2015
➢ Short note : a. Ibn-e-Khaldoon’s concept of Asbiyah 2020
➢ Explain the socio-political thought of Shah Waliullah which is greatly ingrained in his
religio-philosophical thought. 2021
➢ Expound Iqbal’s vision for raise of Muslims in South Asia in the era of colonialism.
2023
➢ Write a detailed essay on the principle of Ijtihad in Islam as given by Allama Iqbal.
How it can be made possible in the modern age? 2018
➢ Write short notes on any TWO of the following: 2016
(a) End of History
(b) Totalitarianism
(c) Women Empowerment
Section-B
➢ Write an essay on the development of the modern nation-state. 2022
➢ Sovereignty is the most essential element of statehood. Explain the differences in
Western and Islamic concepts of sovereignty. 2024
➢ Why the monistic or absolute concept of sovereignty has been abandoned? Analyze
the legal concept of sovereignty. 2020
➢ Discuss in detail the concept of sovereignty and explain its attributes. 2015
➢ How far is it true to say that the origin of the state lies in force? Discuss critically the
Theory of Force regarding the origin of state. 2019
➢ Bring out clearly the difference between unitary and federal forms of government.
2021
➢ What characteristic of society leads to adoption of federal form of government? How
it can function successfully? 2017
➢ -Explain, ‘Confederation’. How it is different from Federation? 2016
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➢ What is the significance of independent judiciary in a democratic republic? Do you
think that without an independent judiciary a system of checks and balances can be
established in the government? Explain with appropriate examples. 2018
➢ What is capitalism and what is its relation with democracy? 2021
➢ Critically evaluate the importance of political parties in a modern state. Assess their
role as effective instrument for mobilizing public opinion. 2024
➢ Compare and contrast the differing roles played by political parties and interest group
in making public policy? 2017
➢ “Democratic Political System can not function successfully without organized
Political Parties.” Discuss. 2016
➢ Write short notes on the following: 2016
➢ Civil society
➢ Public opinion
➢ How public opinion is made and how it can be measured. 2015
➢ Rights and duties are two facets of the same coin. Elaborate. 2023
➢ Explain the concept of Nationality and distinguish between Nationality and
Citizenship 2019
➢ Fascism generally flourishes countries with strong nationalism and weak democracies.
Discuss the enabling conditions for fascism with reference to Germany and Italy.
2019
➢ Critically examine the basic principles of fascism.
➢ What is Fascism and why it is considered to be the child of first half of 20th centur
events to place in Europe? 2017
➢ Write short notes on the following: 2024
➢ Liberty
➢ Nationalism
➢ In an Islamic state, Islam is considered a complete code of life, which provides
guidelines for the proper management of political power. Elaborate. 2023
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➢ What is the Islamic concept of state? Identify issues and challenges to the Islamic
concept of state in the modern times. 2017
➢ Globalization restrict the autonomy of the state, generates domestic social conflicts,
(20) and inequalities. Discuss the interactions between globalization and domestic
polities. 2019
➢ What are the political and legal constraints over the sovereignty of parliament in
Pakistan? 2021
➢ The adoption of the parliamentary system in Pakistan is the result of the political
experiences of Pakistanis in the past. Elaborate. 2021
➢ Discuss in detail the development of local-self government in Pakistan. 2022
➢ What is significance of Local Government System in a country? Discuss the reasons
of repeated failures of the efforts in Pakistan to establish a stable local government.
2018
➢ How local self government strengthens democracy. Why this system is unable to work
consistently and successfully in Pakistan? 2015
➢ The growing judicial activism in Pakistan is clearly at the expanse of parliamentary
sovereignty and supremacy. Critically analyze the statement. 2019
➢ How far 18th amendments will transform the existing federal system in Pakistan?
2019
➢ Write short notes on any TWO of the following: 2018
(a) Role of middle class in strengthening the democracy.
(b) Violation of parliamentary values and traditions in Pakistan
(c) Significance of religious harmony in a state.
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