Lesson Plan: Properties of Addition
Grade Level: Elementary (Grade 2)
Subject: Mathematics
Duration: 45 minutes
I. Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
1. Identify and explain the properties of addition: commutative, associative, and identity.
2. Apply the commutative and associative properties of addition in problem-solving
exercises.
3. Demonstrate the identity property of addition with the number zero in various scenarios.
4. Solve addition problems using these properties with at least 80% accuracy.
II. Subject Matter
Topic: Properties of Addition (Commutative, Associative, and Identity)
Reference: Grade 2 Mathematics Curriculum Guide
Materials Needed:
Whiteboard and markers
Flashcards with sample problems
Visual aids (posters for each property)
Manipulatives (e.g., counting blocks or counters)
III. Procedure
A. Introduction (5 minutes)
1. Begin with a warm-up: ask students to add two small numbers (e.g., 3 + 5 and 5 + 3) on
their own.
2. Ask if anyone noticed anything interesting about the sums, leading into a discussion
about order not affecting the result (commutative property).
B. Developmental Activities (30 minutes)
1. Discuss Each Property (10 minutes)
oCommutative Property: Explain that changing the order of the numbers does not
change the sum (e.g., 4 + 6 = 6 + 4).
o Associative Property: Show that when adding three numbers, grouping does not
affect the sum (e.g., (3 + 2) + 4 = 3 + (2 + 4)).
o Identity Property: Demonstrate that adding zero to any number does not change
its value (e.g., 7 + 0 = 7).
2. Guided Practice (10 minutes)
o Work through examples on the board. Use manipulatives (blocks or counters) to
show each property in action.
o Invite students to come to the board and group numbers or change their order to
apply the properties.
3. Independent Practice (10 minutes)
o Hand out flashcards with addition problems that require using these properties to
solve.
o Circulate to observe students' understanding, offering help as needed.
C. Conclusion (5 minutes)
1. Review the properties and ask questions to reinforce understanding:
o "What property tells us that we can switch numbers around and still get the same
answer?"
o "If I add zero to a number, what property is this?"
IV. Assessment
1. Worksheet Assessment: Give students a worksheet with problems focusing on each
property (commutative, associative, identity) to complete in class.
2. Exit Ticket: Ask each student to write down one example of the property they found
most interesting and explain it in their own words.
V. Assignment
For homework, students will:
1. Find an example of each addition property in their environment or daily activities.
2. Write a short sentence describing each example and explain why it shows a specific
addition property.
This lesson plan combines clear objectives with engaging activities, focusing on understanding
and application of addition properties, while assessment and homework extend learning.
B. Developmental Activities (30 minutes)
1. Discuss Each Property (10 minutes)
Teacher Activity:
o Begin with a quick, engaging question: "Does changing the order of numbers change the
answer when we add?"
o Explain each property clearly with examples and write them on the board.
Commutative Property: Explain that changing the order of numbers does not
change the sum. Write an example on the board: 4+6=6+44 + 6 = 6 + 44+6=6+4.
Associative Property: Show that grouping doesn’t change the sum when adding
three numbers. Write an example: (3+2)+4=3+(2+4)(3 + 2) + 4 = 3 + (2 + 4)
(3+2)+4=3+(2+4).
Identity Property: Explain that adding zero to any number doesn’t change the
number. Write an example: 7+0=77 + 0 = 77+0=7.
o Use simple language and ask questions to check for understanding.
o Encourage students to ask questions if they are unclear about any property.
Learner Activity:
o Listen actively and take notes on each property.
o Respond to teacher questions, like "What happens if we change the order?" for the
Commutative Property.
o Students share any examples they think of to reinforce their understanding of each
property.
o Ask questions if they’re uncertain about any concept.
2. Guided Practice (10 minutes)
Teacher Activity:
o Demonstrate examples of each property using blocks or counters.
For the Commutative Property, show that the blocks total the same amount
regardless of order.
For the Associative Property, group the blocks in different ways to illustrate that
the total does not change.
For the Identity Property, add zero blocks to the existing blocks, showing it
doesn’t alter the amount.
o Call on students to come up to the board, rearrange the numbers, or group numbers
using these properties.
o Provide immediate feedback and correct any misconceptions.
Learner Activity:
o Participate by coming to the board to complete examples with the teacher’s guidance.
o Use blocks or counters at their desks to practice arranging and grouping numbers based
on each property.
o Collaborate with a partner to check each other’s understanding of the properties by
creating their own examples.
3. Independent Practice (10 minutes)
Teacher Activity:
o Distribute flashcards with different addition problems that require the students to
identify and apply the correct property (e.g., recognizing if the problem demonstrates
the Commutative, Associative, or Identity Property).
o Circulate around the room, observing students’ work, offering hints or prompts if they
struggle with identifying the property.
o Ask guiding questions to clarify their understanding, like "What property do you see
here? How does changing the grouping affect the sum?"
Learner Activity:
o Work individually on the flashcards, solving each addition problem by identifying and
applying the correct property.
o Use their notes as a reference to recall each property.
o Raise their hand for assistance if they have questions, or check with a peer if they’re
unsure.
o Submit their completed work for the teacher to review.
