Sukhoi Defence Academy
1. He was charged with abetting the
murder of an innocent child.
(a) baffle
(b) instigate
(c) promote
(d) support
Aishwarya Mam
Sukhoi Defence Academy
1. He was charged with abetting the
murder of an innocent child.
(a) baffle
(b) instigate
(c) promote
(d) support
Aishwarya Mam
WHAT IS A SENTENCE?
A group of words that makes complete sense by itself.
Read the sentences given below.
1. Dancing she is.
2. She is dancing.
First sentence makes no sense and is a group of jumbled words.
The second sentence conveys a proper meaning.
SENTENCE ELEMENTS
A sentence is composed of two essential elements.
A subject
What is being talked about
A predicate
What the subject is
What the subject is doing
What is being done to the subject
SUBJECT ELEMENT
‘Vikas’ likes paying in the ground.
SUBJECT PREDICATE
Most frequently used helping verbs
Am, is, are, was, were, being, been, be, have, has, had, do, does, did, will,
would, shall, should, may, might, must, can, could
Subjects and Predicate
Separate the Subject and the predicate of the following sentences. One is
done for you:
S.N. Subject Predicate
1. A clever fox Was standing under the true
2. A black bull It grazing in the filed
3. My elder sister Is always punctual.
4. Anvar Jumps very high in the competition
5. Vinod Likes swimming in the river
6. Some naughty Boys make a noise in the class
7. His old mother Was angry at him.
8. Himani and Isha Are good friends.
9. The dog Is dancing with a little boy.
10. That tall man Is a good artist.
PARTS OF SENTENCE
SUBJECT
• It answers the question: ‘who/what is the topic of the sentence?’
• A noun/pronoun generally acts as the subject in the sentence.
• It may consist of one or more words.
For example- ‘A new software designer’ is hired for new project.
SUBJECT PREDICATE
PREDICATE
• It is a sentence about the subject.
• It answers the question: ‘what action is being performed by the
subject?’
• It consists of at least one verb which may be followed by an object.
For example- ‘A new software designer’ is hired for new project.
SUBJECT PREDICATE
Underline the subjects and predicate in the following sentences:
1. Gandhiji preached truth and Non-violence.
2. Honesty is the best policy.
3. The doctor advised to take rest.
4. This book consists of one hundred pages.
5. That little boy was playing with dolls.
6. Prachi did not come in my life.
7. Swimming is good for health.
8. They do their home work regularly.
9. Milk is good for health.
10. Gold is a precious metal.
11. Many foreigners come to India to see the Taj Mahal.
12. The teacher punished the naughty students.
SUBJECT AND OBJECT
The subject is the person or thing doing something.
The object is having something done to it.
Identify the subject and object in the given sentences.
1. Rosy loves cakes.
2. The professor is from Germany.
3. The key is in the drawer.
4. Julia has lost her money.
Jumbled sentences
1. She / interested / that/ was / in / proposal / said / she / the
2. was / Performance /impressed /with/ quite / his/I.
3. the / please / not /do / on / grass / step.
4. at /top/voice/ the man/his/ of/ demanded / the / admission / shouting.
5. you / where have / this all / while / been/ ?
6. should / you/ have / coming / seen / this.
7. effect / we/in/did / much / sales / last / not / year /improvement.
PHRASES AND CLAUSES
Phrases- A phrase is a group of words, but it doesn't
contain a subject and a verb.
Ex- The bus to Ambience Mall.
Clause- A clause is a group of words that contains a subject
and a verb.
Ex- The bus goes to Eastmont Mall.
A clause is a group of words with a subject-verb unit;
words contains the subject-verb unit the bus goes, so it is a
clause.
A phrase is a group of words without a subject-verb unit. If
we try to change the time or tense of the group of words,
we cannot, because it contains no word that changes to
show time or tense. It has no verb, so it can't have a
subject-verb unit. It is a phrase.
How to find a Phrase vs Clause
Add Is it true that before the words. If the question does not make
sense, the group of words is a sentence fragment. If the question does
make sense, the group of words is a complete sentence.
1. Is it true that ‘the bus to Ambience Mall’?
2. Is it true that ‘the bus goes to Ambience Mall’?
Identify phrase and clause!
Example- My sister in London
My sister lives in London.
Is it true that my cousin in Richmond?
The question doesn’t make sense; it is a phrase
Is it true that my cousin lives in Richmond? The question makes
sense, and is a clause
Phrases Clauses
1. The girl in the car 1. When I get home..
2. Will be dancing 2. The T.V is on
3. In the washroom 3. When you leave for
4. Very slowly 4. The machine is working.
5. Will leave 5. She is leaving tomorrow.
TYPES OF CLAUSE
Independent Dependent
You were in the washroom. When I came home
COMPLETE SENTENCE INCOMPLETE SENTENCE
When I came home, you were in the washroom.
Dependent Independent
Dependent Independent
Before you go to play, you have to finish your home work.
DEPENDENT INDEPENDENT
I hate to drink coffee because it upsets my stomach.
INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT
The underlined part of each of following
sentences shows a clause, while the rest (non-
underlined part) of each sentence shows a phrase.
1. Harish reached the class in time.
2. Sunita was sitting in a corner.
3. He is singing in a melodious voice.
4. My mother made cookies for the guests.
5. She bought a story book for his sister.
State whether the underlined part is a phrase
or clause.
1. I saw a man waiting for the train.
2. I see no point in arguing with her.
3. When I went to his home, I saw him working in his lawn.
4. He jumped into the river to save the drowning boy.
5. It took me 30 minutes to get ready for office.
6. They encouraged him to make another attempt.
