oo IVE AC 303° Information theory and Coding . gital Communi caver block deagram [Zource —ofsource | __, fehanoel mmo dutate> cmeee) | encoding | mes 1 [eel Force) [Ehaone! |, [aemodutab>) Mies seems, deen dern » Shannoe =~ theory to problem netable Communication. infovmabon. source encocken- data compresston. leew aye alg te convert metsage tht minimam bits Ceffieint br any seopresent’) a e Lgo n€ thn O Hu ffmao @ Lempel?'” ° D paithenee Codvo technique - schannel — enwwding - for cron free Pammusion. Lencode With minimum evn TC Lac bhocas blouk coctas) 504 oy, Gyete'e oe PRCH Cocles \ _) Convolution Codes,SetEESeTEStETaLIESEaESTaTeTEEeE eesnsratateee Kanne me dele QQ covw tossed» find Peb that 2 heads ane Obtained Hee wa THATY 4 \ \ ie tee Ck eC eet ea aoe prob that even no- obtaues Pray >a 2-1 6 v 3. 2 die thiston . Find Prb of sem Of 2 Vatuss shove eG) ae aye CNY ges than 2 PO O30 GS) {G», (18.030) Da tai Be la YE 6 Com or) Pepto ss eft A Seeley ee plana) = PCA). pCBiad PC BIA) = Plana) Pla). RQ. Swan took 2 tests . prb og faswg 2 dese; 1s OG - Probably 4 Paying I Bye 5 3. what GO pack. of Ake Pompe 27d agegeen that she had Parwed 156 fe (at 9 PLpassrng bert = Play, © 0-8 ., Wee 2) = Plo) Pl pany g both) = plan®) = 2-6 P( BSA) = PlANB = 06 = 3-018 eee a PCA) o€ A Layne a Q A’ buktome FB £LB-outwWrme is @ven cohat uy PLAID. for Hrowrg a cre +t pininy= rlpne). pl4eple) 2 & _€ =-2 ———_—_, 4 ¢ + — ie) et: 3/e 2 4p evans au dtsjoint Ey, eas En f Ghedoe Union makes tnkre sample Spates y Pan Telal push pla) = & plase) -p CED aa es vel Pp (eime pled: Plates) Bayes OO theorem “pla fer) rei) fel : dnt e. 4n a ccentaw ctty Bol. a population Savas ky work Bos. taee subway Leo'l, Lake ees Probe) bethg late for these twoho dnwe for tose ivho tatee Vino sc So is tort subcoay 4 9'l, & gos coho take lous i tod prob. ofW dividual tate Se Look . > ttt oe P(9=03 PCb)= 0-2 PLL /S)= DID Pl sis) = 0-03 PCL /b)=0.05 Bale ple rdd pla) + pliisd pesd 4 pl ald) -PUb) vio. = ONOXOS 4 0-039 x0.3 +0:05%0.2 7 60S 4+ a ° 00 1 + sol ©0649 5) Paelhe dative to co0ak) If an idividual is Lake > PCS /2) = plant) = pOxia). plad PCe) pea) = Ole x o-oo = b-05 OO 67a 0-064 0064 — Qa. tna bun as y ammMuni cation system , pat bitu Asonimited ave cvthes Oo 4 eth Prb 03 amd 0-1. When ao bE GW tbrammtey » tk canbe Fre tate of eatlar corre ceLY Ov iw lowechty dus 4p nowe if Otr dud spre of if emg Exd w cron (fe arg) js OD) &€ fy a Ais tad jprob yg beng tad over channele (9-0 prone as a?" pled Plyco (ez = O41 eC yet seed 299 pl ger (x20) 70°"! )epl yet Zero ypleao) + a (channel 0fP> Decire 40 have opsered Pgs Pe eth ples D O -01n 0. B xO TROT 6-003 +063 =0633 =—— olr og channel. channel cree A) 9 Oouming toe a1 @TO OOO EEO ee Unit J Dorvesta tty and lnformatian i prob Tice Mnce vtaw iby, => Occunance eo leu probable event Conveys mone info = Lowe poh. > Bagh Uncertainty event cath higher untevtacn by lomins mone inte. =>) sthg bes pre a lewer un certains, erent eaith lower — deg mee “J Une er Led by eccrine tes infov Gro. Sune > defo Aourle 46-8 Can be Viewed a8 An Object cohtith proc uees an event 4 outcome Selected at namnecorn e} cohith Vs accoreling ote Porro clat” a Sounte ofp can be — modeld variable NY ehith takes alphatet aa dicenete sx anaber symbsls om — frxadt fevete fou nee wom) sat) \ yw a 7 e Py stg os tn} i)Seij Information so event X=xi dajeoed © Ta) Tox’) > logs /ood)= 10g (rex) bikes base oY tog is 93 Wits G bite es Vs e@S unt 16 Natt Prope nties oF Sey Snformpation F aa So ad(xi)eo fr pladel oh Ee oor obeotctaly lenowen about puterme — 0} event: 17? ioye gard oY event 2 -1Cxid2 0 > Octuaan & aves some Infd- On wyYD vofe- iJ pur) phe) + 3 3-1 Oa) 2 bby) Entropy Constr ADUNe denoted by = random vas vobl Xx with posible ovtiome Mi tek PEL En Looe so [Link] 07 € oy ag rahe scoontent Per Soune *%Y moel — oe Me oe dxjutesh as Pi prob of - ps oceumanu % He OF Pr Log Pi each Symbol = 6 Pi tog, (Ve) babar of alamr > (A) ~y ny Ha p(M) ITF) %a 3 pla) 4 Tle) Xa 3 e (Xa) GPL Ohad ieee Xa PCxe) 2 he, He hit Oe) 4 hire) +e —___— Ne NeTlxe) = PCat) 10x) p(s) TO) eo. plead) Ilveg _& laa “Tly) a 2 = % plc) tog ‘( Veen)) [2 («1 1095 pli) fen ist Measure Of aw 4 4 Sely thgo ot each symbol + Const olin RQ a soune ctegeried by random vortable x Whose outtomes au x, kK. £¥3. Ginsen that ply, = 4/4) 7 pix25 3/4) & plea -2/4) Fina ontop y. o4 So UNLe Zpuard=4 Entree = 7 z Pi tog Cri) it -|(4/4) log (4/4) + Cla) log (ala) + \alaleg (19) 153euq55 bile [ynv5! MEntropy Poo pes «4 O4NMK) 6 logr sn—-no vu symbols pr duceb by STUCE dL a gouvce hor A symbol cetth prob @ 4 unanaunty =a max. entropy .! & ano uno ve oiathy 2 Anropy ie epiniroum Fad . gooa Fouve he on sym bel with prb 's | equally Lolcety ie; each symbol Ao & pose . sok Ba mr tog,” Catv ny- Birong Memeny less saarnce oe DD am and eo — Po Bouvee a [Link] 7 Po. n= —Zsfi tog Pr ee Po t(trPo)P°9 260 f)] f Po=0> 4 - [v524} 20 Pos ¥2? ne [prosge deat) *! Pool > hoe - [ togead <0 4+——_++1__.. 024 o5 01 Symbel prrber Q 4 en a Gxt rormmal Wepy af BouUMCe Arco g e ™ Pa + Pavbh a) Mages =\Mny , EE unded Srhopy Survce a hor y ts oH, extended Sour = nH where sn? 6 no ef bils Jrped pats one of & possible mus oge, ath en learvals . The pwh of there On PITT Pax vy 2 Ps= 4p Pa =e . What u enbopy of Our - [4 lea 4 ~Alog i + Alege 4 ¢ -lteg, + + +r log 5 te 16 le ae oe eS kak ate Ms a [3 foScowy, L log ot a A legit, 4b 109, / 4 ay s log2 _~ Prien oor oct eee am col ome (6 log2 (6 “Yog 2 a(h+g45t "| 2878 bits [yy a 2 a = Seurce Coding wg So io te Noesae \ Po fe Pe - a ae a. = Tee Avg: sey tof pe -2p, logy Pi = 7 (») (ere py) source) SE oi Ee _ o | [source] $e enc der bio any Sern Co = Siena cs : each symbol conve 4 “pb, ‘ : uly bin See a ence cling Be inte wits B a gounce ence de fo wn (_ bleae code) > Symbols kang te SS txed lengeo eae gem So > be oye ee s. — bo foe fo 282 oo po Pa Ser i 7 ehre 79°96 bib ow boc bie bu Ainge ragher probability mo «ef but ane ams ged: akeulr m date corp Tes! 0, — > Vawable teng » 8 a Rest veith bgh prob: U auigrsd emit toda coovk x Symbol ed morn den gthAverage Code Word Lengtt CL) = [ss | enwdot Symbol oa Sno ‘J bits jn be fo —> So oe ke Re MA S ber — ter! Avg: ; (e = 2m) ode word Ce tengeh lod dun 9 2ymbae BR. Cowider ao soune po clu So, 5, &S2 ad boith §— prob. 0.5, 0-3 40-2 2 code oor dpv So i$ D 55) i 10 5 Sa. g3 No Fed [Link] wosd Aangtr ¢ thu Bourte coding hoch rrgy ue ‘ $0305 90!"! L " ze ride au ok S45 P3510, 22 OF XT 4 O.3XITO-2XD s,a02940 } 0-54 0:64 OF 1 bits /symbo! = Souvee. Codthg Algorithno Huffman eq: So —704 turd code eoov ah — fpr these : S; —3 Or? Symbols Lsing hufrn a yp coding AG Ss. — bl fod L, Bejuciouy:ih decrearing Ov den gq pab Call Stayer) ) Awangée So OT Hoof $104) @ lonsiae aq Peast probably $4 Ltombine hen probabestes §— 0? 63 es 89 —o-4 i Ay Bcsigo, O. & 4 for ay ° tro? igher prob ables Low e9 ‘a4 cre peebvelly , So < . or — O11 : op Ly tayeen ate. oe whe yn | 1 Pram clad - o> a for [52 =0.] back +e Sym ote ee node whire pros a Skat 470M a cay [or > 29 Code coord “for lez ~toei , Aet dan? (Go=e) Gieve) Lo 4nd = Omet +0 aerate ONL Se org oro? = 13 wits [sum bol ———GiGi sid @ — goune with tymbo ls = Sm xa vy x4 ‘ on Probability = 1¥.. Vu Var Yo) Vig ¥, Gard Cord co6yg fed Oe © Op viney | Xo to — % —— ve. ph aT a Ya ——Yu —Ya te 2 uv ° Ys Ye + ¥, se Ye os Mh ye y. x i e . f- t an 2 Limin = H Centvo py) Xr. 10 YW = lm en vy, 110 ore co Xu tuo ee ot ne| @2) Consi dtr a soune. wih symbole {ei,ve, Xa} ‘Prbabilaties = 40-6,0-20-24 find cCalewrd ung hyfnan. fed DL 2) epprecen ey-, 6 ° \ Xe o-. & 6.4 4 i X3 b-2 L£ * ° \ ew ** a x3 11 a. poy ro2K2 FOeR™ See ie ee e : opto Ato? = = ’ pe FO BJ 02 4° a7. * u e He 0430 = 0301 Oe Hitiman Codwy - extended buthvan Cody © Go Sy —> Po = PESO RCS®) Code word J or? { BA ooh] ° 7 6 Sy 8 ' St d a8 eae 0 S$, 10 7 4 t—____ cost a rn 8, No 5 & a 0 ee eee eee OR 83 4 4 A. 4 Sy 41 3 Sk gg Si S2S3 are 2 Subset | ASSIQN O to i subset Q& +o other subset ord & S183 Ate 0 Subsets -pasign of 4 b each Sub- Sep Fa 2Ahig See ae 4x3 taxa eS 342 ~ roa = <2 g a Np er ogee evcle el toy e $= We -S Please = -(36% y+ bieglt tlagt : ilogyei= (Bld Yee GeING 3 Ed Ye) - bea = bt 1 oe H BI y —- — “ZFPoe os o « sf aaa oo rr ; te o' 2 r Onis oO aie eh o 68 tol 2 Oy ee oof ae a > 110 3 — pianoun On eee x6 v-lo 4 4 5 ne Fi __— - 7 oy OR , 4 qd wu em ZR O25 V2 +o 20%2 OTK SE +e ee £010 X%*O rox tO oo XA = Se* He - & Pilog Pi = is [ e2stegee Oo tese O72" ° Le D 2 set 2 4 b6 5% .s & ,* E * oa 2. 6) wa % 37 _ - u x 3 } to {to -07 ‘i e[3 au x o4 ° a ; 0 924 hire 2% a « Hr 4t®d nh teB. r SP Ai = OBIUXI14O-34¢Qt+ O-lO~ 3 + 07K 4 + M4XSR GoaxG + 0.0lnG - elt = SS He BPjlogp, = - {« 31109,0 31 + 6.33 fog10-33 + ©-\6 (og, 0G 4 00109, 0-07 + © C4 A004 + DOUG, 0.0240 Or log, aus ny = He 2UE 20-4144 cl Zu ot Lemoel Ziv Coding &) Encode the sequence to1pitol tot oto 18!) ee smncllart seg WRU U oot appeousd Before. Po YOO ror got aio 101 Lr Ae | bmw & we eee ee 1s \ . Phrase codewor A(HPus: “ becation | ae 2 CPs a _4c 0 0.22 } 10 goa | “44 200 1 O04 Jon - |- “aoa | aa t10 .. | 7 7 one faq - t 7 Aoid. |I prege® te ton at, oo rg me tow oj preoat: on & ome gt & 10 ou Mint Ben” ™ |. 64 0 ck abeaaby &)) ©0006 000000000001 2) 1OMOTIOWG1010 (0710 . Phrase corcteerey d Gree e2eacce eo 99004 © 00,000 0000, , voce , 4 doc — — 4 0 000 010 ve oe eit aa Or) 100 aves a 108 ©0000 tee 0 4 Coe 4 Le i! BEOIKLo 12 1 fy Ol Of, O10, 1010° p hae Pevatier Coteused tpdo.00rd ooot oo1 ! 9000 010 0 ae oll to sort {00 I aot or fo | ee (9 ou! eo . we au odo 1010 soe 10 0 4 Arith melt < _tndeg . A>0-2 Enooie BAC Boos : 293 fe a for A a C4 ford eppervownd) é e ot avon nit + 0.2 Cente vavge) Jower Wve 4 0-2%C1-0) 040 20:2 A fo. o a o ter 2 stoge T ppa Wirt = bowerldale 4 PLB) soar : z 0-240 5 (1-0) = bate ' 701 a6 2 = \ a ben 4 Dei acd O26 _L-0 27 w w In skege TH coppes unt ver ve Jewer thst of BL ends > b fs symbo\) ~~ A £ oe pla) «(017-0 2) 2 o2t+ 02x05 = o2+.1 =0°3 —_ i] O35% 0° ~ 0-87 0-55 = O37: @5 = qr. UEA= oar O2% 03-02 o.27 © 62 =0:2t stage DW 2 0.24 0-2K OIA ute * eo te eas Wl a2+ 0-05 = stage W eXNO-aTt OFZ0 OF : gre + 0 s(v-0¥ = “2 ray8A can 6& encoded vnt> amy real ne blo 0.a7 £203 - Take foun tint 007 eed Q elA)=o-s - Pla) -0.25 pl 502s Eniode ‘ i Aca using atttigehe cod m9 a cy ULA= 0-4 0.5( 1-0) eB +04 = oF ose oF A os . VLB = Ost D2 (I-v)=0-S+ O15 stage T ~ Oe ak ode ie VUAs OS + 0-5(0-25-05) yt ; 6 +01 g FOGRIS ZOOk OTK OAT A Os ia O25 = OT tNay ’ ox = 0-625 Stage Hoge I ~— GA UL@ = 0625+ o2as(o.2s) = o-@grs 0625 > 0:6 g15 ov 0-65 - ) : oraz ost 0-6(0-Q2F O'S 9 4g - : 8 +-0.59315 O-F+ OT CTS Fo 625 a tose = 0-Sx . 0628 — lor = osh2o 915625 BAC — VEBS 9.56254 0 a5 (02) O-sbrs +r 0312S 6 943)O-b2s eer of -. 66757 0 bo 94325 BAcA OD mange aap restr d 693415 ——— Pab 0:60 4417 PREEIS cove (= ota 20. 24378 +0-5(0 03128) 0-60 43915 ULSe = 0 -6043tst OF iim (0 631) = 06101 9. 609375) car (ere [To.59a 157 pinony Tale aN Code jeer ol Codaswoovd dh Bounce Syrbe oO Ly os . to s ae No oe oles” aT os Sa suctable ot a pre gen v Suitable. Code. Cw for Se 15 Pregre a preprx 00 36W ay ofr ile sce. o> ee oe ee uO ead Ke & ¢ QV See 'ebk gf at bit) fs already w% cod O° We | ee Ahen% t Gon lenges to @ nee ot i) a feo ©o a eon! ae ' it out! ee D-on oe ° € - too fo! i eon tto "t G -tte ttlo S00 Hoa Wie nay ofurd mo. of Hr suguewk ft erinde the murs ARBAMDCAB ws ng © .@ £ hid 4 mre re Af rank 2 ABADCA RB By Gode | {O00 Co! p00 Q11 O10 Gee col 2\ cote 1 |v0.010 90 PH D1100 O16 18 dn »|O1GOl ee OI FT _seoone 3B less no gy buts ys one Vs Pr frm code among @e@ - . f, . pre pte code Sine no we CW appears propio | ano thtr Code be inguely de lode d poet pe :A|BAD RA By rok ean) qushsy pee cf Jenwacd ALL pRerix copes ARE UNIQUELY DECODABLE Chanel Model cranett Discrete roemonliis chunnsl wo Stabetcal ro dsl with an uput yo ard om cusp 4 E Ythot o nen version od x; both x and Yan manda porseb is Channrl-CBSoC Sum pi ot model » Brw4 Symnmeboue ° x y 1 = = 1 oly- ai? ply sxc of ply-0 We 0= Pr p opry channel ery ck at ®SaaS TraeOrTE Se SSE ESR Dra 1 channel model gor a BSC Whose BARTS SE third error prob . Pp : 0 \ \ > (> \o 4. \0¢ ¢ edd P x \ {= ! lo 4\64 \-¢ | | os P=0-6 o£ oC ob | ee o4 Desorese mramo ylens chon ned . - = %, infeni be Bsc ‘ : For anatysis WE oa vw Yea Kz 0 Pix) 4a pix) out ~ = -2Pilo4p; 7 wl x)aunatr ar iy 2 ab bei Riloae t Led P, ( wen gunartautly spout Y - efilege punurbointy absuk ehannh [ip x ajkv obt yy wa svcd about Y aftev obs X en twpy,er aC xy) Hox) - Hbxvy) Aly) - hy « or Aly) ~ HOt/S) mautucil Ingorrn oben Unaveadbty about H that WU sterolvcd bY senmg olP ait! be LY 0) mn KC) Nat Channd Cape ty. chonnl, Ape ty J For any des rem eu Ce Zl x y) {man vatne of Mi by Bec, cx cw y) = HOO- nity) man c= 1+P hog P+ (1-Pleg tere) 5 pre” aCposi der esc whose ips om o fa wilh pre yg hoe ee grb 3623 x7 0 Plx 20) ney 4 Ple2 2° & \ paaw thanvel deagr aw hed HL cuty) £Copaety eo chanul 0) ema eer \ )05 o \0) 0 9 \o - % Plvd)= Ye pix = De Ye Hues = 2 Plo gyi = fy tog) + y loga( )) - al4zo) -9 pl4-dPCY =p) = (F%/y=9 ptx-0) + PlI=8/ea) bly) = O4x OS +t OBxo-S = Os er) P(yeN = plist /x-0) + PLdat/x 2 et) -Plx eal) ~ ofr 0S + O1TXOS = Os acy - 7 Pi se gh (one 0 day) ~ A Capacity = 24Ploger + (yea (rp = (4 0:3log,3 + Otbog, 0-7 = O18) se wo AY Channel _ Codi, = sot, “- eae Channel eee ae | hadutates | rome \ impo? — | Chanre| | 1% S¢ * {cats | Fras) |Channel @ntodoy (wed Gr erron conn dtrirn) toe can seckerce | pe baby of ene Bk mde — Gye de — Or yobational cole BCH Code Bloc copes ue — ole OU TMIAL Gan ak bie rencoded to 1 dwided inte valet J Bere | bode of K pts cath ee een me | Credudant prt) -oldd fo & bits mote) fd a fe) A \ ne T [k 2 code nate] qh tederate 4 Pia eee (i - Fach & bb eeoded bio Brock code generaber uswg Gr Mate 3 Gun abhor / Mek —— of mabe 2 FREE By vols — ken + Jenga” Size | on man Gt 2 ie Stored 4 codes up erwer 1 : to 1 Bet (ixn) {\xK)Giée nviden i encn des worth Gro f tS t ho 1 0 Chr svat bf code Ms - . 73 Find all posshy ‘ ea ar sae k wet VM tyinrtes < ” - 7 o¢ oos8 , * r et > 8 on yen ec ~ ~ C2 toc 3 ~ , «t » (3 vod Co > Mo or a We ULE mortule 2 add? P Mathphcaren fe , D41e70 0-60 7-6 2 a oe oe pac ' 4) = 2mod2zic 0 / ae 2) : a of nied arr be | ong Ta 2 Codeword for © cman? fot Me om | ; [e ' ° Cazmgo) © 3 e1|- on ] < ) ~ fio). 14 ‘| commer CO feed}? ' bit Wil be Same While eroding spyct Kk 5 - dee vere uta. be br hk usd} be Fhere Sint cht vader hdy prabetsa Cha nnel coding | OE correction cole, 4. Block Codes ira (ecm) oy Block cocks gen eotion unrg Genero. Hotrix G4 a no toh m 0 4 ae only modulo 9 “| mxn and \x’ 0. Jor CU 32 block code [Link] G = 0 0 JN o 1 oO oo 1 8 {MO ang timd all possi by ew deus du. tey uyPr mo ty { pet ee e168 : 0 0010 oo 6 C= BOT parhhy pre ee eto | . SFist (a7 oul Fin t' bit a codeword ts messasa — Syemalic Code qr syskenalrc 6, Gsaste= _ Ca stud Isls T ieee | -_ 7 kyo Blouk bdeword— Codetword Poor crater *: 1) Ham ming dislane bres 9 codecoorel. a) amm Pg corig ht af codeword 1 3M ume ALS len ve 4 Caco y) Ridin eught af a ede ~ ome blu 2eodewor (Dd > hammng dutane D Code “= noe 1-010 { - 600 Poe} posthonw pahuy dftose,) =» & eG 7 aa apo ces Cre La fener “I coc a Ulait), 3 C22 BIBT aay PF pos 3 cot wt) Ape : VvIe errr gree ceeereseereeerre ett I d (Cv, Ca) ooo i 7 dCCy2tg> OF tube 4% o ate Ge vw dee Murimcun OG ar of @ tode d*e = moa Coie) 4A #4) door ci) =! d (o,f) =3 | d Clo sla) =3 d(lisl2) = 3 | Gy Ca)= A Ce. €3d=2 oo 4662. 6s)! | | Hamming weight of & esdeeserd & Dno -of mon-2ew elem © cockexsord (3,2) A=|frot Cr =O00° coo) = 0 O10 €i= Od wCC1) 2) eo 10 wlt,)e ee te eu Coe 3 Mem. weighs : a ‘ ghb ,co* 2 min w CCD £ dort comsides #4 Gl! zero e block @ For a (412) cod ra . 0 code if G faadi]@ ies 4d, d¥ ,w, 0% w) Ts oO systema cg > as [ ooo:os / ; Lupear Block (ode tf tum of 2 eoclrwmord itso eodesoortd +h ©, 2) Atl coro eodeword 45 pretend ow ao @ dow Hien bhok Code CG Lear &g Qe [ ron Coz 002 c= 010 i . 01? hg C27 0OF Cacti % check if libean - + ® + Cy = 000 > all Aero cw “ * CotCye 000 o Cites 010% o1o* lon 7—3¢ oro —Cy aS © Cotta = DO® + Cy tls = 010 |bT+ oue6 to! a lot aoe {al Cr cr 4cy = fol 00— . ul °) — v ee oo ot ng hieo (bout o)! DS rll delenit parity br eee i Geen re ne een “axe fod pacity bit stode word ~ & bs . oe a 2. | Xo MH tr Py Pe Crm & = momar le Pre xe O10 Jot | ° ey) biock cod @. For & SREP : bit ear is gever J Pr C0 + who no Xt Ue vin vt 2), Tare call ew de word \ Pi 1) Codewordg Up bib, eyo (yz) (ery ey r Ap ty 7X 1» toy 44) “Pv e ap wu ty| fae) | 10 2 u l poe | ia ® Co~ ma - [odd ood | oe . Ory, / | c . ; Fepch too Codes cn.) 7 game mL repeated n dro Lect oto Po Pi Pe mae aepoatat” co de n-%D6%) © +oOo¢ rout A it vepeatat? code yn 4 3(AN)D 20008 rail [Teele poem ae [alu | oo us in \ uw)nme? Brit awde F fC, = OOD L ns3 4 a4-oW Parity Chole abn x ai: otead be n-bit ana 7 | ecoas| Cazmn le & ook cwhetber Creceves GC x} uvabd ox mot: Fo 0 -avatid Sane Sa! #0 > Invalid. —— evreoy 4 Avr a: | Tce }r] . k. eu fr { T (oe) ine) n-k) 0 To. &e [se (t o aaa H ~- yee Ls toe Ue a +.9 anspose = ke 2 ye p= Cor |r] ,iy fe 8] oO J a Fon. Crd ini matin or > bik Tepeakateo cole2 ' bla t he of valad ov nol mina & mathe ¢ [ » Fala [elo dy,, rf 4 , >) : | ' |; Al The) , (Rx 4) arr nk) Ong TLL] fe D0 emia noe _ (2) 20) valid Goson detecbho £lorvuctioo Capa Lsby Petectwn Bs (nit) S100 with d® Blt can delod Up h AK Terror yepe Hho ! dpit rep reserdidreo lade fod aa ero dubedh» pawl tiny Rapebben cds a 0% D fs { wt ¢ 6 3~ooo . mivact ya aaga ce fF etd Le}re can detect uptd Y*_ | enor = B-I-2 bot exwe +000 Dhan mitted @ncod ew Al pu 0% A bu erren oo ' } T . ore | Hl (ne vey) 2 pi 2a9aoy cases on be TO y utgo. ¢ rr et / ol ow Zbit eo T= Since Ul crates a aad FH) Bo nd vv Ar one a 000 (C17 thanyed te ilcz) ditto Creer t- ew U oe £ bi euoy cammet be dalgeted J hat why CO erovs ome duteled : 1 fee ee OI oo U aionider a 3 bik rupoluibe code. -AS some dvansriutled $ oyremved ore uA ini) go «iu tt be abe do duteck ey.» chal thue 3 cosy tion code a bit vrepeatavon yor J , [i 9 SN D2vo : 4 bid edy (a) 09 D> Gat ie ] do » sof +] - (8) acduall Y esoy 47 4 petit “44 9 9A | | [o]> bul CH?2O a. 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Standava —Arrag Ca, ~4,) ee Lov) [et fo oo) (3° alee). fre) oe Gaps [eT feocofiefre ald Coo ou, tol WO 4 08 colt en Lrve u cof, T ool 010 4oo a a £44 — 44° Sgndyvome | t . 000 ovox 4 = 0 ool oor vn! =