STTSS / Chemistry / S.3 / Ch.5 Atomic structure / Exercise p.

Exercise for Chapter 5: Atomic structure Name: _________________________

Class: _______ No.: ________
Section A: Multiple-choice questions
Classification of elements 7. Which of the following combinations is / are
1. Which of the following substances is an element? correct?
A. Steel B. Water C. Air D. Iron Element Chemical symbol
(1) Helium H
2. Which of the following substances is NOT a (2) Mercury Hg
metal? (3) Gold Au
A. Carbon B. Lithium
C. Mercury D. Gold A. (1) only B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only D. (2) and (3) only

3. Which of the following elements is a liquid under

room conditions? Atomic structure

A. Sulphur B. Mercury 8. Which of the following descriptions about the

C. Potassium D. Argon electric charges on neutron, proton and electron is

correct?

4. Which of the following statements about metals Neutrons Protons Electrons

and non-metals is correct? A. Positive Positive Negative

A. There are about equal numbers of both. B. Positive Neutral Positive

B. All metals have shiny silvery grey colour. C. Neutral Neutral Positive
C. All non-metals are gases or low-melting D. Neutral Positive Negative
solids.
9. Which of the following statements concerning a
D. There are more than 100 metals and
nucleus is correct?
non-metals altogether.
A. All atoms of the same element must have the
same number of protons and neutrons in
5. Which of the following statements concerning
their nuclei.
metals and non-metals under room conditions is
B. The nucleus of an oxygen atom is about 8 
correct?
1840 times heavier than the rest of the atom.
A. All metals are solid.
C. A nucleus is about 1/100 the size of the
B. All non-metals are non-conductors of
atom.
electricity.
D. The nucleus of a certain element is different
C. Non-metals are either gases or liquids.
from that of any other element.
D. All metals are conductors of electricity.

10. Which of the following combinations about an

6. Which of the following elements has the chemical
atom with a mass number of 45 is correct?
symbol ‘Ag’?
No. of p No. of n No. of e–
A. Argon B. Aluminium
A. 10 10 35
C. Magnesium D. Silver
B. 23 22 22
C. 22 23 22
D. 20 20 20
STTSS / Chemistry / S.3 / Ch.5 Atomic structure / Exercise p.2

11. Which of the following combinations about the 16. From the symbol 13C, it can be deduced that
atomic structure of a sulphur atom is correct? A. any carbon atom has 6 protons and 7
No. of No. of No. of neutrons.
n p e– B. the relative atomic mass of carbon is 12.
A. 15 16 17 C. the relative isotopic mass of 13C is 13.
13
B. 15 15 16 D. an atom of the C isotope contains 13
C. 16 16 16 electrons.
D. 18 17 1
40
17. Which of the following statements about 18𝑋 and
40
12. Which of the following statements about an atom 19𝑋 are INCORRECT?
is / are correct? (1) They are the same element.
(1) An element consists of only one kind of (2) They have the same number of neutrons.
atoms. (3) They have the same chemical properties.
(2) Electrons are found outside the nucleus in an
atom. A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only
(3) All atoms contain protons, neutrons and C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)
electrons.
18. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only A. The atomic number is the number of
C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) neutrons in an atom.
B. The relative atomic mass is the sum of the
Isotopes number of protons and electrons in an atom.
13. Which of the following isotopes is used nowadays C. The mass number of an atom is its weighted
to compare masses of all other atoms? average of the relative isotopic masses of its
A. Carbon-12 B. Carbon-13 natural isotopes on the carbon-12 scale.
C. Carbon-14 D. Hydrogen-1 D. None of the above is correct.

35 37
14. Isotopes must have the same number of 19. Chlorine has 2 isotopes 17𝐶𝑙 and 17𝐶𝑙 . Which
(1) protons (2) neutrons (3) electrons of the following statements about the isotopes of
chlorine is true?
35 37
A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only A. 17𝐶𝑙 has 2 fewer neutrons than 17𝐶𝑙 .

C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) B. They have the same number of neutrons but
different numbers of electrons.
37 35
15. Isotopes of an element have the same C. 17𝐶𝑙 has two more protons than 17𝐶𝑙 .

(1) mass number. D. They have different numbers of electron

(2) electronic arrangement. shells.
(3) chemical properties.
(4) physical properties. 20. Element X has two isotopes with mass numbers
101 and 103. Which of the following is most
A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only likely to be the relative atomic mass of X?
C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) A. 100.0 B. 103.0
C. 104.0 D. 204.0
 STTSS / Chemistry / S.3 / Ch.5 Atomic structure / Exercise p.3

12 32 7 16
21. Element X has two isotopes, X-35 and X-37. If A. 5𝑋, 16𝑌 B. 3𝑋 , 8𝑌
9 24 10 35
the relative atomic mass of X is 35.5, what is the C. 4𝑋, 12𝑌 D. 5𝑋, 17𝑌
percentage abundance of the two isotopes?
X-35 X-37 26. Which of the following pairs of elements has the
A. 35% 37% same number of occupied electron shells in their
B. 50% 50% atoms?
C. 24.6% 75.4% (1) Aluminium and argon
D. 75.4% 24.6% (2) Silicon and calcium
(3) Boron and oxygen
Electronic arrangements of atoms
22. The electronic arrangement of an atom of 49𝑋 (X A. (1) only B. (2) only
is not a chemical symbol) is C. (1) and (3) only D. (2) and (3) only
A. 4. B. 2,2.
C. 2,7. D. 2, 8, 5 27. Which of the following statements concerning
carbon are correct?
31
23. The electronic arrangement of an atom of 15𝑌 is (1) It has an electronic arrangement of 2,4.
A. 15,31. B. 2,8,5. (2) It has a relative atomic mass of exactly 12.
C. 2,8,6. D. 2,8,18,3. (3) It has 6 electrons.

24. Which of the following pairs of elements have the A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only
same number of outermost shell electrons? C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)
(1) Hydrogen and potassium
(2) Sodium and magnesium 28. Which of the following statements about helium is
(3) Oxygen and argon INCORRECT?
A. Helium atom has an octet structure.
A. (1) only B. (2) only B. Helium is a noble gas.
C. (1) and (3) only D. (2) and (3) only C. Helium is less dense than air.
D. Helium does not burn.
25. Which of the following pairs of elements would
have the same number of outermost shell
electrons?

Directions: Questions 29–34 are assertion-reason questions. Please refer to the following instructions:
A. Both statements are true and the 2nd statement is a correct explanation of the 1st statement.
B. Both statements are true but the 2nd statement is NOT a correct explanation of the 1st statement.
C. The 1st statement is false while the 2nd statement is true.
D. Both statements are false.

1st statement 2nd statement

29. Graphite is a metal. Graphite conducts electricity.
 STTSS / Chemistry / S.3 / Ch.5 Atomic structure / Exercise p.4

30. Sulphur does not conduct electricity. Sulphur is a solid at room conditions.

31. All atoms consist of protons, neutrons and electrons. Proton, neutron and electron are the three fundamental
sub-atomic particles.
32. Isotopes are different atoms of the same element, Isotopes of an element have the same number of
with the same atomic number. electrons.

1
33. 1𝐻 and 21𝐻 are isotopes. They have the same atomic number but different mass
numbers.

34. Carbon-12 atoms have 6 neutrons. Carbon-12 atoms have an electronic arrangement of
2,4.

Section B: Structural questions

Classification of elements

35. The following table gives some physical properties of six elements.
Element M.p. (°C) B.p. (°C) Electrical conductivity Physical states

A −7 58 non-conductor

B 850 1480 good conductor

C −39 357 good conductor

D 940 2800 semi-conductor

E −101 −35 non-conductor

F 113 445 non-conductor

(a) State the physical states of the elements under room conditions in the table. (2 marks)
(b) Classify the elements into metals, non-metals and semi-metals.
Metals Non-metals Semi-metals

(3 marks)

(c) Name elements A and C. Give reasons for your answers.

A: ______________. It is because _______________________________________________________

C: ______________. It is because________________________________________________________

(2 marks)
STTSS / Chemistry / S.3 / Ch.5 Atomic structure / Exercise p.5

Atomic structure
23
36. Given an element with a full atomic symbol of 11𝑋.
(a) Name element X.

(1 mark)
23
(b) Calculate the number of protons, electrons and neutrons in an atom of 11𝑋.

No. of protons: ______ No. of electrons: ______ No. of neutrons : ______

(1 mark)

Isotopes
37. Neon in the air contains 90 % of 20Ne and 10 % of 22Ne. Calculate the relative atomic mass of neon. (Give
answer correct to 1 decimal place.)

(2 marks)
84 86
38. Krypton consists of 45 % Kr and 55 % Kr. Calcualte the relative atomic mass of krypton. (Give answer
correct to 1 decimal place.)

(2 marks)
39. The relative abundance of the three isotopes of magnesium is shown in the table below:
24 25 26
Isotope Mg Mg Mg
Relative abundance (%) 79 10 11
Calculate the relative atomic mass of magnesium. (Give answer correct to 1 decimal place.)

(2 marks)
40. Naturally occurring bromine consists of two isotopes, 79Br and 81Br. The relative atomic mass of bromine is
equal to 79.9. Find out the percentage abundance of each isotope.

(2 marks)
STTSS / Chemistry / S.3 / Ch.5 Atomic structure / Exercise p.6

41. Element Y occurs in nature as two isotopes. The relative abundance of each isotope is as follows:
39 x
Isotope Y Y
Relative abundance (%) 95.0 5.0
The relative atomic mass of element Y is 39.1. Calculate the value of x.

(2 marks)
42. The atomic mass of element Z is 85.8. Z has two isotopes, Z and Z and the relative abundance of 85Z is 60
85 x

%. What is the relative isotopic mass of xZ?

(2 marks)
43. Consider an element Y, which has 2 isotopes, 63 66
30𝑌 and 30𝑌 .
(a) The percentage abundances of 63 66
30𝑌 and 30𝑌 are 40% and 60% respectively. Calculate the relative
atomic mass of Y.

(2 marks)
(b) ‘Both isotopes of Y have same physical properties as they belong to the same element.’ State and explain
whether this statement is correct or not.

(1 mark)
(c) Do these two isotopes have the same chemical properties? Explain your answer.

(1 mark)
(d) Determine the number of electrons, mass number and atomic number for each isotope.
Isotope Atomic number Mass number Electrons
63
30𝑌
66
30𝑌

(2 marks)
STTSS / Chemistry / S.3 / Ch.5 Atomic structure / Exercise p.7

75 76
44. Element X has 2 isotopes, 27𝑋 and 27𝑋.
77
(a) A scientist claimed, ‘I have discovered a third isotope of X, 28𝑋’. State and explain whether his claim is
valid or not.

(1 mark)
77 75
(b) Does 28𝑋 have the same chemical properties as 27𝑋? Explain why.

(1 mark)
77
(c) Determine the number of neutrons in an atom of 28𝑋.

(1 mark)
45. The above figure shows the nuclei of four atoms P, Q, R and S.

proton

neutron

P Q R S

(a) Which atom is an isotope of atom P? Explain your answer.

(1 mark)

(b) Name the element of atom P._________________________________ (1 mark)

(c) Write the full atomic symbol of atom P. __________________________ (1 mark)

Electronic arrangements of atoms

46. The following table gives the atomic numbers of various elements (represented by letters P, Q, R, S, T and U).
Using the given information, complete the table shown below.
Element Atomic number Electronic arrangement of its atoms Metal, non-metal or semi-metal
P 3
Q 5
R 14
S 16
T 20
(5 marks)
STTSS / Chemistry / S.3 / Ch.5 Atomic structure / Exercise p.8

16 17 18
47. Oxygen has 3 isotopes, 8𝑂, 8𝑂and 8𝑂.
(a) What is the electronic arrangement of oxygen? ________________________ (1 mark)
(b) Do the isotopes have the same physical properties and chemical properties? Explain briefly.

(2 marks)
(c) State one daily use of oxygen.

(1 mark)

48. Boron consists of two isotopes. The table below lists the relative abundance of these two isotopes.
10 11
Isotope B B
Relative abundance (%) 19.7 80.3

(a) What is meant by the term ‘isotopes’?

(1 mark)
(b) Calculate the relative atomic mass of boron. (Give your answer correct to 1 decimal place.)

(2 marks)
(c) Complete the following table.
Atom No. of protons No. of neutrons Electronic arrangement
B-10
B-11
(2 marks)
(d) Do the two isotopes have the same physical properties? Explain your answer.

(1 mark)
(e) Do the two isotopes have the same chemical properties? Explain your answer.

(1 mark)