R.V.

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, Bengaluru-560059

Department of Electronics and Instrumentation

EL REPORT
TOPIC: Temperature control system using PID
Submitted by
Divij Joshi 1RV22EI064
Prajwal Hiremath 1RV22EI037
Divya Rao 1RV22EI021

Submitted to
Prof. Venkatesh. S
Department of Electronics and Instrumentation
R. V. College of Engineering-59
2024-2025
 RV College of Engineering®, Bengaluru
(Autonomous institution affiliated to VTU, Belagavi)
Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the work titled “Temperature control system using PID” is carried out by Mr/Ms.
Spoorti C.(1RV22EI055), Shubham R K (1RV22EI054), Vinyas K S (1RV22EI062), Shreesha
Kumara K (1RV22EI052) who are bonafide students of RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics and
Instrumentation of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the year 2024- 2025.
It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for the Internal Assessment have been
incorporated in the Sensors and Actuators report deposited in the departmental library.

Marks (40)
Name of the USN Obtained Marks
Student
Divij Joshi 1RV22EI06
4
Prajwal Hiremath 1RV22EI0
37
Divya Rao 1RV22EI0
21

Signature of Mentor Signature of Head of the Department

1. Introduction

2. Literature Review

3. Methodology

4. Results

5. Conclusion

6. References
Introduction
In modern industrial and research applications, real-time data acquisition and communication are
critical for monitoring and control systems. One effective method for transmitting sensor data is
through the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which ensures reliable and ordered delivery of
data over a network. LabVIEW, a graphical programming environment widely used for data
acquisition and instrumentation, provides built-in functionalities to establish TCP-based
communication between devices.

This report presents an implementation where thermometer sensor data is transmitted over a TCP connection
in LabVIEW. The system consists of a server that collects temperature readings and a client display window
that visualizes the thermometer's real-time data. The display dynamically represents the actual temperature
level, ensuring accurate remote monitoring. The report details the system's architecture, communication
protocol, and implementation steps, highlighting the benefits and challenges of using TCP for real-time sensor
communication

Subtopics to Cover

Overview of TCP Communication in LabVIEW

Basics of TCP/IP protocol

How TCP ensures reliable data transmission

TCP communication model (client-server architecture) in LabVIEW

System Architecture and Components

Description of the thermometers used

LabVIEW implementation approach

Implementation Steps in LabVIEW

Setting up the TCP server in LabVIEW

Configuring the thermometer sensors for data acquisition

Establishing TCP communication between the server and client

Visualizing real-time data in the display window

Challenges and Considerations

Network latency and data synchronization

Handling data loss and reconnection issues

Scalability for multiple sensors

Performance evaluation of the system

Accuracy and responsiveness of real-time display

Comparison with other communication methods (e.g., UDP, serial communication)

Conclusion

Summary of findings

Advantages of using TCP in LabVIEW for real-time data transmission

Potential improvements and future enhancements

Methodology

Procedure

1. System Setup:
○ Connect the temperature sensor (e.g., thermocouple or RTD) to a signal conditioning circuit for
accurate temperature measurement.
○ Interface the heating element with a power controller capable of receiving control signals from
LabVIEW.
○ Ensure proper wiring and connections for data acquisition hardware.
2. Modeling the System:
○ Perform an open-loop test by applying a step input to the heating element and recording the
temperature response.
○ Identify system parameters, including the process gain (ΔTemperature/ΔPower), time constant
(τ), and dead time (L).

3. LabVIEW Implementation:
○ Create a LabVIEW program with the following components:
■ Data Acquisition: Acquire real-time temperature readings from the sensor.
■ PID Controller: Use LabVIEW’s PID toolkit to implement the control algorithm.
■ Control Signal Output: Send control signals to the actuator to adjust heating power.
■ Graphical Interface: Display real-time plots of temperature vs. time, setpoint, and
control signal.
4. PID Tuning:
 ○ Use the Ziegler-Nichols tuning method:
■ Gradually increase the proportional gain (ΔKp) until the system exhibits sustained
oscillations. Record the ultimate gain (Ku) and oscillation period (Pu).
■ Calculate PID parameters:
■ Kp = 0.6 × Ku
■ Ki = 2/Pu
■ Kd = Pu/8
○ Implement these parameters in the LabVIEW PID controller.
5. Testing and Validation:
○ Set a desired temperature (setpoint) and monitor the system’s response.
○ Introduce disturbances (e.g., ambient temperature changes) to evaluate the controller’s
performance.

Block Diagram

Front Panel
Results
The auto tuned PID values are,
Proportional gain, Kp=1%/%
Integral time,Ti = 0.01s
Derivative time, Td = 0s

Conclusion
The temperature control system using a PID controller in LabVIEW demonstrated efficient regulation of
temperature by continuously adjusting control parameters based on real-time sensor data. The integration of
LabVIEW's PID Toolkit allowed for precise control, with adjustable parameters for improved system
performance. The experiment validated the ability of the PID controller to maintain the setpoint temperature
with minimal deviation, showcasing the practical application of LabVIEW in automated control systems. This
system provides a foundation for advanced temperature regulation in industrial and research settings.

Recommendations for Future Work:

1. Explore advanced PID tuning methods like Cohen-Coon for systems with significant delays.
2. Implement adaptive PID control for better performance under varying operating conditions.
3. Extend the system to include cooling mechanisms for bidirectional temperature control.
This project highlights the effectiveness and versatility of PID controllers in temperature regulation, offering
valuable insights for academic and industrial applications.

References

[1] K.J. Astrom, T. Hagglund, “PID Controllers: Theory, Design and Tuning”, 2nd Edition,
Instrument Society of America, Research Triangle Park, 1995

[2] J.C. Basilio and S.R. Matos, “Design of PI and PID Controllers with Transient Performance
Specification”, IEEE Transactions on Education, Vol. 45, No. 4, November 2002.

[3] S. Ranjan, A. Sharma and P. Chaudhary, "An effective temperature controller system using PID
mechanism," 2014 Innovative Applications of Computational Intelligence on Power, Energy and
Controls with their impact on Humanity (CIPECH), Ghaziabad, India, 2014, pp. 182-185, doi:
10.1109/CIPECH.2014.7019086.

[4].Adaptive Temperature Control of a Household Refrigerator, Massimiliano Di Felice, Luigi

[5].T. Tanaka, “Environment friendly revolution in home appliances,” in Proc. 13th International
Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices and ICs, Osaka, Japan, 2001.

[6]M. D. M. Shah, N. N. Mohammad and N. Hambali, "Nonlinear Modelling for Time-Varying Water
Temperature PID Control," 2021 IEEE 17th International Colloquium on Signal Processing & Its
Applications (CSPA), Langkawi, Malaysia, 2021, pp. 177-182, doi: 10.1109/CSPA52141.2021.9377296.

[7]Temp Control by PID Controller in LabView