Breadboard

Basics

@teamteachwell
 Topics Covered
1) What is breadboard ?
2) Structure of Breadboard
3) How to read breadboard rows &
columns?
4) How to provide power to breadboard?
5) Circuit -1 Make a breadboard circuit
using a LED, Resistor and 9V Battery
6) Circuit - 2 Make a breadboard series
circuit using 2 LEDs, a Resistor and 9V
Battery
7) Circuit -3 Make a breadboard parallel
circuit using 2 LEDs, a Resistor and 9V
Battery
8) Circuit -4 Make a breadboard circuit
using 1 LED, a pushbutton, a Resistor and
9V Battery
9) Circuit -5 Make a breadboard circuit
using a buzzer, a pushbutton, a Resistor
and 9V Battery
What is Bread Board ?
A breadboard is a solderless device to make temporary and
prototype circuits.
 Structure of Breadboard
1) Terminal Strips
2) Bus Strips 0r Power Rails
3) Center Groove (DIP Support)

Center Groove
Terminal
(DIP Support)
Strips

Bus
Strips or
Power
Rails
 1) Terminal Strips

Terminal strips are horizontal rows connected internally.

Each strip consists of 5 pinholes. All these pinholes are
internally connected by metal strips.

Horizontal
Connected
Pinholes
2) Bus strips or Power rails

Bus strips are mainly used for power supply

connections.Usually they will be labelled with a ‘+’ and a ‘-’
and have a red and blue or black stripe, to indicate the
positive and negative side.Each rail is independent of
another.

Vertical Bus
Stripes
 We can insert battery positive and negative in individual +
and - rail. To give power supply in all rails you’ll need to
connect both sides with jumper wires to establish the same
power source on both sides.

Two jumper wires

used to connect
the power rails
on both sides.
Always attach
the ‘+’ to ‘+’
and the ‘-’ to
‘-’.
3) Center Groove (DIP Support)

The center groove, also commonly known as the Dual

In-line Package (DIP) support, is a groove that runs down
the center through the middle of the terminal strips.
Integrating circuit chips (ICs) are easy to connect without
interfering with the functionality of the leg on the
opposite side.

Center Groove
(DIP Support)
Always remember the terminal strips on either sides of
center groove is not connected with each other.
How to read breadboard
rows & columns ?
Breadboards have numbers and letters marked on various
rows and columns. Rows are labelled by number 1 to 30 and
columns are labelled by letters A to J. Any pinhole in
terminal strips can be named by intersection of these
rows and columns, For eg: C16 is the pinhole marked as
intersection of Column ‘C’ and row ‘16’.
 How to provide power to
breadboard ?
Step 1 :

Gather a 9V battery and a battery connector with a red wire

(positive) and a black wire (negative).

Breadboard 9V Battery
 Step 2 :

Insert the red wire into the power rail marked with a plus
sign (+).
 Step 3 :

Insert the black wire into the power rail marked with a
minus sign (-).
 Step 4 :
Use a jumper wire to link the minus (-) power rail to
adjacent minus (-) rails.
Step 5 :

Use another jumper wire to connect the plus (+) power rail
to adjacent plus (+) rails.

Now, all power rails on the breadboard receive power from

the 9V battery.
 Circuit - 1
Make a breadboard circuit using a LED,
Resistor and 9V Battery

Things you will need :

Breadboard 9V Battery

Red LED 1 KΩ Resistor

Circuit Diagram:

Resistor

Component Symbol Location

LED ( Light ● i4 (Positive

terminal)
Emitting Diode ● i5 (Negative
) terminal)

● j5
Resistor 1K ● Minus power
rail
Ohm

● Plus power
rail ( positive
terminal)
9V Battery ● Minus power
rail (negative
terminal)
●
Step 1 :

Insert LED in breadboard. In our circuit positive terminal of

LED is in pinhole ‘i4’ and negative terminal is in ‘i5’.

Negative Positive
Terminal Terminal
(Cathode) (Anode)
Step 2 :

As per circuit diagram negative terminal of LED is

connected with one terminal of resistance. Other terminal
of resistor will be connected with minus sign power rail.

✅
Resistor

✅
Step 3 :

Positive terminal of LED will be connected to positive power

rail.

✅ Resistor
Step 4 :

Let's give power to power rails. Join positive terminal of

battery ( red wire of battery connector ) to plus sign power
rail.

Resistor
Step 5 :

Join negative terminal of battery ( black wire of battery

connector ) to minus sign power rail.

Resistor
Step 6 :

Our circuit is complete. LED will glow.

Resistor
Points to remember :

1) Make sure all components are inserted in pinholes

properly.

2) There are no loose connections.

3) LED is not fused.

4) Battery is enough charged.

 Circuit - 2
Make a breadboard series circuit using 2
LEDs, a Resistor and 9V Battery

Things you will need :

Breadboard 9V Battery

2 Red LEDs 1 KΩ Resistor

Circuit Diagram:

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery

Component Symbol Location

LED ( Light ● LED 1 (positive

on i3 and
Emitting Diode negative on i4)
) ● LED 2 (positive
on h4 and
negative on
h5)
● j5
Resistor 1K ● Minus power
rail
Ohm

● Plus power
rail ( positive
terminal)
9V Battery ● Minus power
rail (negative
terminal)
●
Step 1 :

Insert LED in breadboard. In our circuit positive terminal of

LED is in pinhole ‘i3’ and negative terminal is in ‘i4’.

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery

1
Step 2 :

Insert 2nd LED in breadboard. In our circuit positive

terminal of LED is in pinhole ‘h4’ and negative terminal is in
‘h5’. Both LEds are in series.
✅
Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery

21
Step 3 :

As per circuit diagram negative terminal of LED 2 is

connected with one terminal of resistance in j5. Other
terminal of resistor will be connected with minus sign power
rail.

✅
Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 4 :

Positive terminal of LED 1 will be connected to positive

power rail.

✅ Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 5 :

Let's give power to power rails. Join positive terminal of

battery ( red wire of battery connector ) to plus sign power
rail.

Resistor
1 KΩ

✅ Battery
Step 6 :

Join negative terminal of battery ( black wire of battery

connector ) to minus sign power rail.

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
✅
Step 7 :

Our circuit is complete. LEDs in series will glow.

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Points to remember :

1) Make sure all components are inserted in pinholes

properly.

2) There are no loose connections.

3) LED is not fused.

4) Battery is enough charged.

 Circuit - 3
Make a breadboard parallel circuit using 2
LEDs, a Resistor and 9V Battery

Things you will need :

Breadboard 9V Battery

2 Red LEDs 1 KΩ Resistor

Circuit Diagram:

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Component Symbol Location

LED ( Light ● LED 1 (positive

on g2 and
Emitting Diode negative on
) g3)
● LED 2 (positive
on i2 and
negative on i3)
● j3
Resistor 1K ● Minus power
rail
Ohm

● Plus power
rail ( positive
terminal)
9V Battery ● Minus power
rail (negative
terminal)
●
Step 1 :

Insert LED in breadboard. In our circuit positive terminal of

LED is in pinhole ‘g2’ and negative terminal is in ‘g3’.

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 2 :

Insert 2nd LED in breadboard. In our circuit positive

terminal of LED is in pinhole ‘i2’ and negative terminal is in
‘i3’. Both LEds are in parallel.

✅
Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 3 :

As per circuit diagram negative terminal of LED 1 & 2 are

connected with one terminal of resistance in j3. Other
terminal of resistor will be connected with minus sign power
rail.

✅
Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 4 :

Positive terminal of LED 1 & 2 will be connected to positive

power rail.

✅ Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 5 :

Let's give power to power rails. Join positive terminal of

battery ( red wire of battery connector ) to plus sign power
rail.

Resistor
1 KΩ

✅ Battery
Step 6 :

Join negative terminal of battery ( black wire of battery

connector ) to minus sign power rail.

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
✅
Step 7 :

Our circuit is complete. LEDs in parallel will glow.

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Points to remember :

1) Make sure all components are inserted in pinholes

properly.

2) There are no loose connections.

3) LED is not fused.

4) Battery is enough charged.

 Circuit - 4
Make a breadboard circuit using 1 LED, a
pushbutton, a Resistor and 9V Battery

Things you will need :

9V Battery

Breadboard
1 Pushbutton Switch

1 Red LED

Wire 1 KΩ Resistor
 Pushbutton Switch :

Normally push button is in off state i.e. open and when

pressed, it is in on state i.e. closed.

OFF Switch ON Switch

Push button has four pins, two on both sides. 1A and 1B are
internally connected. 2A and 2B are internally connected
too.
1A 2A
1. If 1A and 1B pins are in use - Always ON
mode (no switch action)
2. If 1A and 2B pins are in use - Switch will
work
3. If 1B and 2B pins are in use - Switch will
work
4. If 2A and 2B pins are in use - Always ON 1B 2B
mode (no switch action)
 Circuit Diagram:
Push Button
Switch

LED
Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery

Component Symbol Location

LED ( Light ● LED (positive on i4
Emitting Diode ) and negative on i3)

● j3
Resistor 1K Ohm ● Minus power rail

● 1A- e6
Push Button ● 1B- f6
Switch ● 2A- e4
● 2B- f4

● Plus power rail (

positive terminal)
9V Battery ● Minus power rail
(negative
terminal)
Step 1 :

Insert LED in breadboard. In our circuit positive terminal of

LED is in pinhole ‘i4’ and negative terminal is in ‘i3’.

Push Button
Switch
✅

LED
Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 2 :

Insert one terminal of 1K ohm resistor in j3 and another

terminal in negative power rail.

Push Button
Switch

✅
LED
Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 3 :

Insert 2B pin of push button in f4 to make connection with

positive terminal of LED. Push button need to be fit over the
centre groove.
Push Button
✅ Switch

LED
Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 4 :

Connect 1B pin, which is in f6 pinhole, to the plus power rail

with a wire to complete the circuit.

Push Button
Switch

LED
Resistor
✅ 1 KΩ

Battery
Step 5 :

Let's give power to power rails. Join positive terminal of

battery ( red wire of battery connector ) to plus sign power
rail.
Push Button
Switch

LED
Resistor
1 KΩ

✅ Battery
Step 6 :

Join negative terminal of battery ( black wire of battery

connector ) to minus sign power rail.

Push Button
Switch

LED
Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery ✅
Step 7 :

Our circuit is complete. Press push button to glow the LED.

Push Button
Switch

LED
Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Points to remember :

1) Make sure all components are inserted in pinholes

properly.

2) There are no loose connections.

3) LED is not fused.

4) Battery is enough charged.

5) Make sure pins of push button are connected properly.

(Refer to page 2 to choose right combination)
 Circuit - 5
Make a breadboard circuit using a buzzer, a
pushbutton, a Resistor and 9V Battery

Things you will need :

9V Battery

Breadboard
1 Pushbutton Switch

Buzzer

Wire 1 KΩ Resistor
 Pushbutton Switch :

Normally push button is in off state i.e. open and when

pressed, it is in on state i.e. closed.

OFF Switch ON Switch

Push button has four pins, two on both sides. 1A and 1B are
internally connected. 2A and 2B are internally connected
too.
1A 2A
1. If 1A and 1B pins are in use - Always ON
mode (no switch action)
2. If 1A and 2B pins are in use - Switch will
work
3. If 1B and 2B pins are in use - Switch will
work
4. If 2A and 2B pins are in use - Always ON 1B 2B
mode (no switch action)

Buzzer :
Buzzer is an electronic device which
generates audio signal when electric Shorter
Longer Terminal (-)
current passed through it. Terminal (+)
Circuit Diagram:
Push Button
Switch Buzzer

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Component Symbol Location
● positive on f7 and
Buzzer negative on f2

● j2
Resistor 1K Ohm ● Minus power rail

● 1A- e14
Push Button ● 1B- f14
Switch ● 2A- e12
● 2B- f12

● Plus power rail (

positive terminal)
9V Battery ● Minus power rail
(negative
terminal)
Step 1 :

Insert buzzer in breadboard. In our circuit positive terminal

of buzzer is in pinhole ‘f7’ and negative terminal is in ‘f2’.

Push Button ✅
Switch Buzzer

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 2 :

Insert one terminal of 1K ohm resistor in j2 and another

terminal in negative power rail.

Push Button
Switch Buzzer
✅
Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 3 :

Insert 1B pin of push button in f14 and 2B pin of push button

in f12 pinhole. Push button need to be fit over the centre
groove.

✅
Push Button
Switch Buzzer

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 4 :

To connect 2B pin of push button, which is in f12 pinhole, to

the positive terminal of buzzer, i.e. in f7 pinhole, we have
used wire from pinhole g12 to g7.

Push Button
Switch
✅ Buzzer

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Step 4 :

Connect 1B pin of the push button, which is in f14 pinhole, to

the plus power rail with a wire to complete the circuit.

Push Button
Switch Buzzer

Resistor
1 KΩ
✅
Battery
Step 5 :

Let's give power to power rails. Join positive terminal of

battery ( red wire of battery connector ) to plus sign power
rail.

Push Button
Switch Buzzer

Resistor
1 KΩ

✅ Battery
Step 6 :

Join negative terminal of battery ( black wire of battery

connector ) to minus sign power rail.

Push Button
Switch Buzzer

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery ✅
Step 7 :

Our circuit is complete. Press push button to hear beep

sound of the buzzer.

Push Button
Switch Buzzer

Resistor
1 KΩ

Battery
Points to remember :

1) Make sure all components are inserted in pinholes

properly.

2) There are no loose connections.

3) Buzzer is not defective.

4) Battery is enough charged.

5) Make sure pins of push button are connected properly.

(Refer to page 2 to choose right combination)
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