COLEGIO SAN AGUSTIN-

BACOLOD

LABORATORY MANUAL
FOR
BASIC ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
AES 303
Name __________________________________Course & Year_________________

AES 303
BASIC ELECTRONICS
Practical Activity No. 1
Title: SEMICONDUCTOR DIODE

Materials, Tools &Equipment:

1 unit DC Power Supply, 0 - 30V
1 unit DC Milli-ammeter, 0 – 30 mA
1 unit DC Voltmeter, 0 – 30V
1 set Connection leads
1 pc Semiconductor Diode, 1A
1 unit Multi-tester

Objectives:
1. To know the condition of a diode whether it is good or bad (shorted or open).
2. To know the voltage and current relationship of diode when connected in forward bias.
3. To know the diode cut-off voltage when connected in forward bias.
4. To know the voltage and current relationship of diode when connected in reverse bias.

Procedures:
1. Using a multi-tester set on ohmmeter function at the range Rx10, test the condition of the diode.
Put the positive terminal of the tester to anode and negative terminal to cathode and observe the
reading. Reverse the connection of the tester to the diode, the positive to the cathode and negative to
anode, and observe the reading. What is the condition of the diode?

2. Connect the circuit as shown in Fig. 1.

DC milliammeter

DC Power Diode DC
Supply Variable Voltmeter
0-30V Resistor

Fig. 1

3. Turn on the DC power supply and adjust the voltage to 0.1 volt and take the milliammeter reading.
Increase the voltage by 0.1 volt and take the corresponding milliammeter reading until the cut-off
voltage is reached.

4. Record the voltage and current values in the given table below.
Voltage, volts 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
Current, mA
5. What is the cut-off voltage of the given diode?
6. Draw the VI curve.
7. Return the voltage to zero and turn off the power supply
8. Connect the circuit as shown in Fig. 2.
DC milliammeter

DC Power Diode DC
Supply Voltmeter
0 – 30V

Fig. 2

9. Turn on the power supply and adjust the voltage as indicated in the table below and record the
the corresponding current.

Voltage, volts 1.0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Current, mA

10. Reduce the voltage to zero and turn off the power supply.
11. Using the data obtained on procedures 4 & 9, draw the VI curve of the given diode.
12. Basing the results you obtained in this activity, explain the characteristics of a diode.
Name __________________________________Course & Year_________________

AES 303
BASIC ELECTRONICS
Practical Activity No. 2
Title: Half-wave and Center-tap Full-wave Rectifiers

Materials, Tools &Equipment:

1 unit Transformer, 0-110-220V /12-0-12 V
1 set Connection leads
2 pc Semiconductor Diode, 1A
1 unit Multi-tester
1 unit Oscilloscope
1 pc Breadboard
1 pc Resistor, 1kΩ

Objectives:
1. To know how to connect the half-wave and center-tap full-wave rectifiers.
2. To know the function of a rectifier.
3. To know and compare the input and output of the half-wave and center-tap rectifiers.

Procedures:
1. Using a multi-tester test the condition of the given diodes. If the diodes are good, connect the circuit as
shown in Fig. 1. Turn on the power supply.

Diode

AC Power 220 12
Supply 1 KΩ
0 0

Fig. 1
2. With the use of oscilloscope, know the waveform at the 0 - 12-volt terminals of the transformer. Take the
picture of the waveform and determine the voltage using the oscilloscope.
3. Measure the voltage and take the picture of the waveform of the voltage across the 1 KΩ resistance using the
Oscilloscope. Turn off the power supply.
4. Compare the waveforms you obtained from procedures #2 & 3.
5. What type of rectification was demonstrated in procedure # 2 & 3?
6. Connect the circuit as shown in Fig. 2.

Diode

AC Power 220 12
Supply 1 KΩ
0 0

Fig. 2
7. Turn on the power supply, and know the voltage waveforms across 0 – 12-volt terminals and 1 KΩ resistance.
8. Compare these waveforms with that obtained in procedures 2 & 3. Turn off the power supply.

Diode D1

+
AC Power 220 12
Supply 1 KΩ
0 _

0 12

Diode D2
Fig. 3
9. Connect the circuit as shown in Fig. 3. Turn on the power supply. Using an oscilloscope, determine the
voltage across the 0 – 12 V terminals of the transformer and take the picture of the voltage waveform.
10. Transfer the probes of the oscilloscope to the terminals of the 1 KΩ resistor, measure the voltage and take
the picture of the voltage waveform.
11. Compare the data you obtained in procedures # 9 & 10. What type of rectification was demonstrated in
procedures # 9 & 10?
12. Compare the data you obtained in procedures #3 & 10.
13. Where do we use the half-wave and center-tap rectifiers? Which is better between the two?
Name __________________________________Course & Year_________________

AES 303
BASIC ELECTRONICS
Practical Activity No. 3
Title: Bridge Rectifier and DC Power Supply Filter Circuits

Materials, Tools &Equipment:

1 unit Transformer, 0-110-220V / 12 - 0 - 12 V
1 set Connection leads
4 pc Semiconductor Diode, 1A
1 unit Multi-tester
1 unit Oscilloscope
1 pc Breadboard
1 pc Resistor, 1kΩ
1 pc Resistor, 100Ω
1 pc Inductor
2 pcs Capacitor, 100 µF

Objectives:
1. To know how to connect the bridge full-wave rectifier.
2. To know the function of a dc power supply filter circuit.
3. To know and compare the input and output of bridge full-wave rectifier.
4. To know the output of the rectifier with different filter circuits.

Procedures:
1. Using a multi-tester test the condition of the given diodes. If the diodes are good, connect the circuit as
shown in Fig. 1. Turn on the power supply.

D1 D2
AC Power 220 12
Supply 1 KΩ
0 0 D3 D4

transformer

Fig. 1
2. Using the multi-tester, measure the voltage at the input and output of the rectifier.
3. Using the oscilloscope, measure the voltage and take the picture of the input and output voltage waveforms
of the rectifier. Turn off the power supply.
4. Compare this output waveform with that you obtained in your center-tap full-wave rectifier.
5. Connect the circuit as shown in Fig. 2.

D1 D2

Power 220V 12V

Supply +

C 1 KΩ
0 _
0 D3 D4

Fig. 2
6. Turn on the power supply. Using the oscilloscope, measure the voltage across the 1 KΩ resistance load, and
take the picture of the voltage wave form. Turn off the power supply.
7. Compare the results you obtained with that of procedure #3.
8. Is there any difference between the results you obtained in procedures #3 & 6. If the there is, what causes
this difference?
9. Connect the circuit as shown in Fig. 3.

D1 D2 100Ω

Power 220V 12V

Supply +

C 1 KΩ
0 _
0 D3 D4

Fig. 3
10. Turn on the power supply. Using the oscilloscope, measure the voltage across the 1 KΩ resistance load, and
take the picture of the voltage wave form. Turn off the power supply.
11. Compare the results you obtained with that of procedure #6.
12. Is there any difference between the results you obtained in procedures #6 & 10. If the there is, what causes
this difference?
13. Replace the 100 Ω resistance by the available inductor.
14. Turn on the power supply. Using the oscilloscope, measure the voltage across the 1 KΩ resistance load, and
take the picture of the voltage wave form. Turn off the power supply.
15. Compare the results you obtained with that of procedure #6, 10 & 14.
16. Are there any differences between the results you obtained in procedures #6, 10 & 14? If there are, what
cause these differences?
13. Summarize what you have learned from this activity.
Name __________________________________Course & Year_________________

AES 303
BASIC ELECTRONICS
Practical Activity No. 4
Title: Zener Diode Voltage Regulator

Materials, Tools &Equipment:

1 unit Variable DC Power Supply
1 set Connection leads
1 pc Zener Diode, 12Vdc
1 unit Multi-tester
1 pc Breadboard
1 pc Resistor, 1kΩ
1 pc DC Ammeter
1 pc DC Voltmeter

Objectives:
1. To know how to connect the Zener Diode as a voltage regulator.
2. To know the function and characteristics of a Zener Diode.
3. To know the voltage across the Zener diode at different source voltages.

Procedures:
1. Connect the circuit as shown in Fig. 1.

1KΩ mA
+ _
Variable
DC Power Zener + voltmeter
Supply Diode _

Fig. 1
2. Turn on the power supply and adjust the source voltage to 0.2 volt.
3. What is the reading of the ammeter and voltmeter?
4. Adjust the voltage to 0.4 volt and know the ammeter and voltmeter readings.
5. Adjust the voltage to 0.6 volt and know the ammeter and voltmeter readings.
6. What is the connection of the Zener diode with respect to the power supply?
7. Describe the voltage and current characteristics of the Zener diode at this connection. Draw its characteristic
curve.
8. Connect the circuit as shown in Fig. 2.
 1KΩ mA
+ _
Variable
DC Power Zener + voltmeter
Supply Diode _

Fig. 2
9. Turn on the power supply and adjust the source voltage to 5 volts.
10. Take the readings of the ammeter and voltmeter.
11. Adjust the source voltage to 11 volts and take the readings of the ammeter and voltmeter.
12. Compare the results you obtained in procedures 10 & 11.
13. Describe the condition of Zener diode at this stage.
14. Adjust the source voltage to 14 volts and take the readings of the ammeter and voltmeter.
15. Compare the results you obtained in procedures 11 & 14.
16. Describe the condition of Zener diode at this stage.
17. Adjust the source voltage to 18 volts, and take the readings of the ammeter and voltmeter.
18. Compare the results you obtained in procedures 14 & 17.
19. Describe the condition of Zener diode at this stage.
20. Draw the voltage and current characteristic curve of Zener diode.
21. Based on the results you obtained from this activity, explain the operating characteristics of Zener diode.