2

TEACHER’S MANUAL
• Teaching suggestions
• Unit quizzes
• Answer keys

Series Editor:
Jeanne Lambert

Jill Bauer
Mike S. Boyle
Sara Stapleton

Copyright Material - Review

Copyright Material - Review
 2

Teacher’s Manual
Series Editor: Jeanne Lambert
The New School

Jill Bauer
North Seattle College
Mike S. Boyle
Sara Stapleton
North Seattle College
with
Wendy Asplin, University of Washington
and
Jane Stanley McGrath
32 Avenue of the Americas, New York ny 10013-2473, USA

Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge.

It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of

education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence.

www.cambridge.org

Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107495425

© Cambridge University Press 2016

This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing
agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.

First published 2016

A catalog record for this publication is available from the British Library.

ISBN 978-1-107-49539-5 Student’s Book Level 2

ISBN 978-1-107-49541-8 Student’s Book with Writing Skills Interactive Level 2
ISBN 978-1-107-49542-5 Teacher’s Manual Level 2

Additional resources for this publication at www.cambridge.org/finaldraft

Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party
Internet Web sites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such Web sites is, or will
remain, accurate or appropriate. Information regarding prices, travel timetables, and other factual information given in
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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 4
STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 12
Unit 1 Paragraphs 12
Education: Brainpower

Unit 2 Essential Features of Effective Writing 16

Communications: Cross-Cultural Behavior

Unit 3 Descriptive Paragraphs 18

Global Studies: National Identities

Unit 4 Definition Paragraphs 21

Business: Workplace Behavior

Unit 5 Introduction to the Essay: Opinion Essays 24

Psychology: Creativity

Unit 6 Classification Essays 28

Health: Food in Society

Unit 7 Process Essays 32

Social Work: Social Activism

Unit 8 Comparison and Contrast Essays 36

Finance: Personal Finance

UNIT QUIZZES 40
UNIT QUIZZES ANSWER KEY 75
UNIT QUIZZES WRITING RUBRIC 79
 INTRODUCTION
Final Draft is a four-level academic writing series for high beginning / low intermediate- to high
advanced-level students of North American English. The series prepares students to write in a
college or university setting by focusing on the topics, rhetorical modes, skills, vocabulary, and
grammar necessary for students to develop their academic writing. Students are given the
tools to master academic writing. First, they learn and practice foundational academic writing
skills essential to writing paragraphs and essays. Then, following a process-based approach,
students move through the writing process, from brainstorming with graphic organizers to
organizing and developing their ideas with outlines, before completing the final draft of their
unit assignment.
Final Draft provides frequent and realistic writing models. Each unit features writing models
that reinforce the concept that writing is purposeful. The Writing in the Real World article
engages students and introduces them to the topic, ideas, language, and elements of structure
or rhetorical mode taught in the unit. The Student Model then demonstrates the conventions
of the target structure and mode. This progression from authentic text to traditional
academic writing helps students new to academic discourse first understand the purpose of
communicating with a given mode before turning their attention to mastering the form.
Final Draft focuses on key academic vocabulary. Students need to encounter high-frequency
academic vocabulary and learn how to use it naturally in preparation for college-level writing.
The academic phrases and collocations in the series were selected based on the findings of
research into the Cambridge English Corpus. Analysis of this multibillion-word collection of
real-life English indicates the language that is most relevant for academic writing, with a focus
here on longer lexical chunks. The academic vocabulary in the series is also corpus-informed,
the majority of words coming from Averil Coxhead’s Academic Word List (AWL) and the
remaining items taken from Michael West’s General Service List (GSL). AWL words are identified
as such in the index of the student’s book.
Vocabulary items are contextualized and recycled throughout the unit. Academic collocations
or academic phrases are introduced and practiced in alternating units. The writing models
recycle these words and phrases in academic contexts, and in the final section of each unit
students are prompted to find places where they can use these vocabulary items naturally when
writing their end-of-unit assignment.
The grammar presented in Final Draft is corpus-informed. Corpus research tells us the most
common grammar mistakes for specific grammar points in academic writing. Students study
the most common grammar mistakes drawn from the Cambridge Learner Corpus, a unique
collection of over 50 million examples of nonnative speakers’ writing. Students then work to
repair them in editing activities. At the end of the unit, students are reminded to correct these
mistakes as they write their assignment, which helps promote accuracy in their writing.

4 INTRODUCTION
Final Draft teaches students to understand and avoid plagiarism. The series provides a robust
presentation of techniques for understanding and avoiding plagiarism. Each unit includes
an overview of a common plagiarism-related issue, along with a skill-building activity.
This innovative approach is pedagogical, not punitive. Many ESL students struggle with a
range of issues related to plagiarism. By including realistic examples and practical activities in
each unit, Final Draft helps students avoid plagiarism and improve their academic writing.
Writing Skills Interactive provides extra practice in key writing skills. This online course,
which can be purchased with Final Draft, provides graduated instruction and practice in key
writing skills to help students build confidence and fluency. Each unit provides an animated
presentation of the target writing skill, along with automatically graded practice activities.
Each unit closes with a quiz so students can assess their progress.

Special Sections
YOUR TURN ACTIVITIES
Each unit includes a wide variety of regular writing practice activities, including Your Turn
activities which ask students to go beyond traditional practice to apply the skills, ideas, and
language they have learned to their selected writing prompt. As a result, by the time they
write their end-of-unit assignment, they are thoroughly prepared for the writing process
because they have already practiced relevant skills and generated useful ideas and language
to incorporate into their work. This makes the writing process less daunting than it would
otherwise be.

Series Levels

Level Description CEFR Levels

Final Draft 1 Low Intermediate A2
Final Draft 2 Intermediate B1
Final Draft 3 High Intermediate B2
Final Draft 4 Advanced C1

Additional teacher resources for each level are available online at cambridge.org/finaldraft.

INTRODUCTION 5
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 Final Draft 2
This book is designed for a semester-long writing course. There is enough material in the
student’s book for a course of 50 to 70 class hours. The number of class hours will vary,
depending on how much of a unit is assigned outside of class and how much time a teacher
decides to spend on specific elements in class. Because units are carefully designed to build
toward the final writing activity, teachers are encouraged to work through each unit in
chronological order. However, units can generally stand alone, so teachers can teach them in
the order that best suits their needs.

Unit Overview and Teaching Suggestions

UNIT OPENER

Purpose
• To introduce the unit topic and academic discipline in an engaging way
• To elicit preliminary thinking about the unit theme and structure or rhetorical mode
Teaching Suggestion
Have students respond to the quote in writing by freewriting their ideas or by agreeing or
disagreeing with the central message of the quote.

1 PREPARE YOUR IDEAS

In Section 1, students begin to explore the unit structure or rhetorical mode and choose their
writing prompt for the unit.

A Connect to Academic Writing

Purpose
• To introduce the unit structure or rhetorical mode in an accessible way
• To connect academic writing to students’ lives and experience
Teaching Suggestion
To deepen the conversation, elicit additional examples from students of how the rhetorical
mode connects to thinking they already do in their lives.

B Reflect on the Topic

Purpose
• To show a writing prompt that elicits the rhetorical mode
• To introduce an appropriate graphic organizer for brainstorming and organizing ideas for
the mode
• To choose a prompt for the unit writing assignment and begin generating ideas for the topic
• To engage students with the writing process early in the unit

6 INTRODUCTION
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Teaching Suggestion
Group students together who chose the same writing prompt and have them brainstorm ideas
for the topic. Groups can then share their ideas with the class and receive immediate feedback.

2 EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE

In Section 2, students learn academic vocabulary and read a real-world text that contains
elements of the unit structure or rhetorical mode.

A Academic Vocabulary
Purpose
• To introduce high-frequency academic words from the Academic Word List and the
General Service List
• To focus on the meaning of the target vocabulary within a thematic context
Teaching Suggestion
Have students choose vocabulary words from the activity that they still have trouble
understanding or contextualizing and write sentences using them. They can share their
sentences in groups or with the class and receive immediate feedback.

B Academic Collocations / Academic Phrases

Purpose
• To teach academic collocations and phrases that frequently occur in academic reading
and writing
• To encourage the use of language chunks that will make student writing more natural
and academic
• To tie academic vocabulary to the unit theme
Teaching Suggestion
Have students use the Internet to find more authentic examples of the collocations in sentences
as a homework assignment. Students can then share their examples with the class or in groups.

C Writing in the Real World

Purpose
• To provide authentic content, ideas, and language in a context related to the unit theme
• To introduce elements of the unit rhetorical mode in an authentic reading
• To recycle new academic vocabulary and collocations or phrases
• To introduce features of the unit structure or mode
Teaching Suggestion
After students have read and understood the text, assign a paragraph or section to small
groups, and have students work together to explain the purpose of each sentence in the
section. Sample student responses: The first sentence introduces the topic, the second and third
sentences give background information on the topic, etc.

INTRODUCTION 7
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 3 STUDY ACADEMIC WRITING

In Section 3, students read and analyze a student model of a traditional academic paragraph
or essay. A detailed examination of elements of the unit structure or rhetorical mode follows.

A Student Model
Purpose
• To provide an aspirational student model for the unit structure or rhetorical mode
• To deepen understanding of writing technique through real-time analysis
• To provide a context for writing skills that will be studied in Section 4
• To familiarize students with writing prompts that can be answered using the unit mode
• To recycle academic vocabulary and collocations or phrases
• To evaluate and generate more ideas on the unit theme
• To demonstrate the organization and development of ideas in traditional academic writing
Teaching Suggestion
In small groups, have students discuss their answers to the Analyze Writing Skills tasks.
Then have each group present to the class on something they noticed that they found
interesting or still have questions about. This offers an opportunity to deepen the discussion
on writing technique.

B Unit Structure or Rhetorical Mode

Purpose
• To deepen understanding of the unit structure or rhetorical mode
• To explain key elements of the unit structure or rhetorical mode
• To have students practice writing elements of a paragraph or essay
Teaching Suggestion
Following the activities in this section in chronological order will ensure that students have
covered all the key features of the unit structure or rhetorical mode. However, if students
need less work in some areas, you may want to skip those parts in class and assign the activities
for homework.
In general, practice activities, including Your Turn activities, can be completed in class and
immediate feedback can be given by peers or the instructor. Alternately, these sections can be
assigned as homework and brought to class for review.

8 INTRODUCTION
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 4 SHARPEN YOUR SKILLS

In Section 4, students review and practice key writing skills, specific applications of grammar
for writing, and ways to avoid plagiarism.

A Writing Skill
Purpose
• To provide practice with discrete writing skills that students can apply to their unit writing
assignments
• To deepen knowledge of rhetorical strategies
Teaching Suggestion
Collect writing samples from one or more of the Your Turn activities in this section. Reproduce
several for the class – on the board, as handouts, on a screen – to use as an editing activity.

B Grammar for Writing

Purpose
• To present specific applications of grammar for academic writing
• To draw attention to the most common grammar mistakes made by students
• To promote grammatical accuracy in academic writing
• To improve students’ editorial skills
Teaching Suggestion
After students complete the editing task at the end of the section, have students identify
elements of the unit mode (e.g., language, structure) and parts of an academic paragraph
(e.g., topic sentence, examples, other supporting details).

C Avoiding Plagiarism
Purpose
• To increase awareness of the issues surrounding plagiarism
• To build skills and strategies for avoiding plagiarism
• To provide regular practice of writing skills useful for avoiding plagiarism
Teaching Suggestion
Have one student read the student question in the Q & A aloud; all other students should listen
with their books closed. Elicit possible responses from the class and then compare them to the
professor’s answer in the book.

INTRODUCTION 9
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 5 WRITE YOUR PARAGRAPH OR ESSAY

In Section 5, students go through the steps of the writing process to a final draft of their unit
writing assignment.

STEP 1: BRAINSTORM

Purpose
• To brainstorm, evaluate, and organize ideas for the student paragraph or essay
Teaching Suggestion
After students brainstorm their own ideas on paper, survey the class and list the top three to five
ideas for each writing prompt on the board. Then have the students explain, evaluate, and rank
the ideas.

STEP 2: MAKE AN OUTLINE

Purpose
• To help students organize their paragraphs or essays before writing
Teaching Suggestion
After students complete their outlines, have them work in pairs to explain how key ideas in their
outlines connect to the overall topic or thesis of their paper. This process helps confirm that their
ideas are directly relevant to the topic and allows students to consider their ideas more fully.

STEP 3: WRITE YOUR FIRST DRAFT

Purpose
• To give students the opportunity to use the language, skills, and ideas from the unit to
answer their writing prompt
Teaching Suggestion
After students write their first drafts, have students work in pairs to give each other feedback
before turning in their writing to you. Ask partners to underline sections they think are
well-written and circle any words, sentences, or phrases that are unclear. Students can then
revise for clarity before submitting their first drafts.

10 INTRODUCTION
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STEP 4: WRITE YOUR FINAL DRAFT

Purpose
• To evaluate and implement instructor/peer feedback
• To improve self-editing skills
• To write a final draft
Teaching Suggestion
Have students mark – highlight, underline, circle, number, etc. – sentences or parts of their
writing that they revised based on peer or instructor feedback. This ensures students will
incorporate some corrective feedback.

Assessment Program
The final section of the Teacher’s Manual consists of an assessment program for Final Draft.
It includes the following for each unit:
• Vocabulary quiz
• Grammar quiz
• Avoiding Plagiarism quiz
• Bank of additional writing prompts
Quizzes may be used individually or in combination with one or more of the others, depending
on teacher and student needs. They are photocopiable, with downloadable versions available at
cambridge.org/finaldraft. The Assessment Answer Key includes:
• General rubrics for academic writing (paragraphs / essays)
• Unit answer keys for vocabulary, grammar, and avoiding plagiarism quizzes

INTRODUCTION 11
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 1 PARAGRAPHS
1
2.4 page 19
This means interacting at work or at a party
EDUCATION: BRAINPOWER is good for the brain. Even hanging out with
friends is an excellent brain exercise.
2 The first sentence: Finally, brain research
page 13
suggests that people should never stop learning
1 Answers will vary. because learning is brain exercise, too.
2 Examples of some things that are easy to
remember might include: birthdays or personal
information about good friends and family
3 STUDY ACADEMIC WRITING
members; information that they use daily,
such as addresses or email passwords; or A Student Model page 20
material that they learned in a creative way Possible answers:
like associating new vocabulary words with 1 The paragraph will be about three things
pictures. people do to help them remember something.
2 Examples of techniques might include
1 PREPARE YOUR IDEAS repeating information, writing a note, or setting
a reminder on a phone.
3 Answers will vary.
B Reflect on the Topic page 14
Analyze Writing Skills page 20
1.1 page 14 1 Underlined: People often use three techniques
Possible answers: use an app on my phone to to help them learn new information quickly
remind me; tell someone to remind me; practice and easily.
the skill or use the information. 2 Underlined: The second technique is repetition.
Circled: People say or write something again
and again.
2 EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE Double underlined: Many online shoppers are
able to remember their credit card number
A Academic Vocabulary page 16 without looking at their card.
3 Circled: For instance
2.1 page 16 4 Circled: In sum

1 b 3 a 5 a 7 b
3.1 page 21
2 a 4 a 6 b 8 b
1 The writer discusses mnemonic devices,
B Academic Collocations page 17 repetition, and chunking.
2 b
2.2 page 17 3 Students’ opinions may vary, but chunking
works well to memorize a long series of
1 c 2 d 3 e 4 b 5 a numbers. However, if you used the student ID
number many times a day, you would begin to
C Writing in the Real World page 18 remember it through repetition.

2.3 page 19 3.2 pages 21–22

1 Answers will vary. First sentence: People use three techniques to help
2 c them learn new information quickly and easily.
3 The author recommends hanging out with friends Technique 1: A. Mnemonic devices
as an excellent brain exercise. Also, interacting at Explanation: 1. Short words, music, or rhymes
work or at a party is good exercise for the brain. Example: 2. FANBOYS
Possible ideas of other social activities include
playing team sports, volunteering at an
organization, or participating in a club.

12 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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 Technique 2: B. Repetition
Explanation: 1. Say or write something again
3.6 page 24
and again Possible answers:
Example: 2. Credit card number 2 Eating well can decrease the risks of some
Technique 3: C. Chunking diseases.
Explanation: 1. Break something into 3 Eating well can improve a student’s attention
shorter parts span.
Example: 2. Spelling of difficult words, 4 Eating well is the best way to avoid weight gain.
like Wednesday
Example: 3. Phone numbers
3.7 pages 25–26
Last sentence: In sum, mnemonic devices,
repetition, and chunking are useful techniques 1 a too general
that people can use to increase their ability to b best: Studying can be more effective if
remember information. students think creatively.
c too specific
B Paragraphs page 22 2 a too specific
b too general
3.3 page 23 c best: There are several ways that people
with short attention span can improve their
1 similar
attention span.
2 always
3 the same as
3.8 page 26

3.4 page 23 Possible answers:

1 Children need loving care, interaction, and
1 SS + D healthy food for healthy brain development.
2 CS 2 My brain helps me be a successful
3 TS businessperson in three important ways.
4 SS + D
5 SS + D
3.10 page 27
Correct order for paragraph:
Laughter is good for us because it helps us Starting a new job is a stressful experience that
relax, improves our mood, and strengthens our
relationships. First, when we laugh, our muscles makes the brain work its hardest. First, there are
relax. We feel less stress. This is good for our hearts. many things to learn about the job. When I started
The second reason is that laughter makes us feel
better. When we laugh, we feel less sad. We forget my first full-time job, I had to have four hours of
our problems for a while. Finally, laughter makes our training. I took notes, but the manager spoke very
relationships stronger. People who laugh together
fast and explained things very quickly. My brain
feel more connected to each other. In conclusion,
laughter has important benefits for our bodies, had to work hard, but I finally learned. Also, there
our minds, and our relationships.
were so many new names to remember. I used
fun techniques like matching a word with the
3.5 page 23
person’s name. For example, I memorized Harry’s
1 My brain helps me memorize facts, take
interesting photos, and make important name because he always wore a hat. In sum, with
decisions. a new job there is a lot to remember, but the brain
2 Eating well can improve a student’s attention
can do it.
span.
3 Laughter has many health benefits.
4 Good soccer players use their brain in three
essential ways.

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 13

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 they are already prepared. Next, it is common
3.11 page 28
for students to procrastinate. They wait until
Possible answers:
the last minute to do homework and writing
1 Students may not know anyone at the school. do not
New students have to learn their way around assignments. As a result, they don’t have time to
They
the school. ask the teacher questions or do research. You need
2 The brain has to memorize a lot of new things.
to start assignments early. Finally, many students
The brain has to recognize to a lot of want to
new sounds. wanna study at home, but there are too many
distractions there. For example, they may fall
3.12 page 28
asleep, watch TV, or check Facebook. They could
Possible answers: go to the library to study in a quiet place. In short,
Starting a new school is a stressful experience for students
if you have any of these unhelpful habits, they can
many students.
The students may not know anyone at the school. change by planning a better study schedule, not
This can make them feel isolated and alone. procrastinating, and finding a less distracting place
New students have to learn their way around the
school. They can get lost in the new place and to study.
frustrated and uncomfortable.
B Writing Skill 2: Capitalization and
3.14 page 29 Punctuation page 32
1 b 2 a 3 a 4.2 page 32
3 correct
3.15 page 30
4 Some researchers in the United States are
Possible answers: creating a map of the brain.
1 In sum, my dance teacher taught me that by 5 Many doctors recommend eating a small meal
practicing my steps, watching other dancers, before studying.
and listening to the music I would learn how
to dance.
4.3 page 33
2 In short, teenagers often act poorly because
their brains have not finished developing. People need to practice healthy habits for
better mental health. First, a good night’s sleep
is critical to brain health. Adults need seven to
4 SHARPEN YOUR SKILLS eight hours of sleep each night. When people
do not sleep well, they cannot concentrate or
A Writing Skill 1: Audience page 31 remember things well. Also, people need to eat
well. Unhealthy foods do not provide the brain
4.1 pages 31–32 with enough energy to work efficiently. Finally,
people need to exercise to keep their brains sharp.
The brain needs a lot of oxygen to stay healthy,
Students can change unhelpful study habits.
and exercise brings oxygen to the brain. In sum,
One unhealthy habit is that many students stay good sleep, healthy eating, and regular exercise
can keep the brain healthy.
awake all night to study before a test. This means
cannot
that they are tired on test day and usually can’t
pay attention. They can change this habit by
studying the week before the test. Then they can
because
get enough sleep the night before the test b/c

14 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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C Writing Skill 3: Titles page 34
4.7 page 37

4.4 pages 34–35 Possible answers:

2 Although my parents do not believe it, listening
1 (✓) Title A to music as I write helps me focus.
Title B: too specific; complete sentence 3 Since all social connections are good for the
Title C: too specific brain, relationships with family and friends are
2 Title A: complete sentence important for mental health.
Title B: too general 4 Because sleep helps people to function well,
(✓) Title C people should try to get enough sleep.
3 Title A: too general
(✓) Title B Avoiding Common Mistakes page 37
Title C: too specific; complete sentence

4.8 page 38
4.5 page 35
1 How Positive Thinking Helps the Brain Although cooking does not seem like an
2 Linking Smell and Memory intellectual activity to some, but it can provide
3 Mastering a Language
some benefits to the brain. First of all, it can be
4 Teaching Others Improves Memory
a way for people to learn new skills. If people
D Grammar for Writing: Adverb try making new recipes from different cultures,
Clauses page 35 for example, the brain has to learn skills and
because
ideas. Learning is good for the brain. Because it
4.6 page 36
makes the brain work hard. Also, cooking can
A
be a physical activity. Although cooking is not
1 because
2 while as physical as jogging or playing soccer, but it
3 Even though still requires effort. This effort brings oxygen to
4 Because the brain. The brain needs oxygen to work well.
5 even though
Finally, cooking can provide social interaction.
B Although
1 Some people meditate every morning because Althought cooking does not have to be social,
they say it helps them focus during the day. it can be. People join cooking classes or cook
2 Exercise helps the brain, while being inactive with friends at home. Social activities like these
hurts the brain . because
are beneficial for the brain. Because building
3 Even though students know that they should get
more rest before a test, they do not get it. relationships makes people feel closer and less
4 Because jokes exercise our brain, listening to stressed. This is good for the brain. In short,
jokes is good for us.
cooking is a necessity, but it can also help the
5 My mother prepares healthy foods for our
family, even though these foods are often more brain function better.
expensive .
E Avoiding Plagiarism page 39

4.9 page 40
Student C:
Several studies show that exercise is good for the
brain. For example, older people who take regular
walks can pay attention better. Also, jogging
regularly improves memory. Exercise is even good
for mice. When they ran, they could learn and
remember better than other mice.

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 15

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 Student D: B Academic Phrases page 49
Exercise leads to good brain health. Exercise
improves brain function in older people. People 2.2 page 49
who go for regular walks pay attention better.
Jogging is also a good exercise. It leads to better 1 c 2 a 3 b
memory. In other research, when mice ran on a
small wheel, they got more blood into their brains. C Writing in the Real World page 50
This led to better learning and remembering for
the mice.
2.3 page 51

2 ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF
1
2
the OK sign, thumbs-up, eye contact, touching
Answers will vary.
EFFECTIVE WRITING 3 Answers will vary.

COMMUNICATIONS: CROSS-CULTURAL 2.4 page 51

BEHAVIOR
1 four
page 45 2 The different types are described in separate
paragraphs: OK sign, thumbs up, eye contact,
Possible answers: greeting customs
1 My teacher or foreign friend and I can have Paragraphs put similar ideas together and clearly
different feelings about the same city, movie, show when a topic changes.
or news event.
2 In my culture it is polite to take off your shoes
in someone else’s house. It is impolite to be late 3 STUDY ACADEMIC WRITING
for an appointment.
3 Yes, before I had children, I thought parents A Student Model page 52
with noisy, crazy children were lazy parents. Possible answers:
After I had children, I changed my mind. 1 The paragraph will be about the etiquette of
behavior in large gatherings.
1 PREPARE YOUR IDEAS 2 The writer could include behaviors such as
dressing up in costumes, dancing, shouting,
jumping, and singing.
B Reflect on the Topic page 46
Analyze Writing Skills page 52
1.1 page 46 1 Underlined: In many cultures, people’s behavior
at sports events is very different from their
Topic: Sports fans at a sporting event
everyday behavior.
Additional ideas: carrying noisemakers, wearing
Circled: behavior at sports events
team caps, sitting in the area of other team
supporters. 2 3 supporting ideas
3 Circled: Furthermore, Lastly
4 Yes
2 EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE
5 Underlined: In short, people at sports events
show unusual behavior that is different from
A Academic Vocabulary page 48 their behavior in their everyday lives.

2.1 page 48 3.1 page 53

1 a 3 b 5 a 7 a 1 clothing, yelling, and physical contact
2 b 4 a 6 b 8 b 2 Answers will vary.
3 Answers will vary.

16 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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 4 On the other hand, in some professions men
3.2 page 53 wear suits and ties.
Topic sentence: In many cultures, people’s 5 For instance, nodding or bowing to greet
behavior at sports events is very different from someone is polite in some countries.
their everyday behavior. 6 Then they will take their guests’ coats and
Behavior 1: A. Wearing team colors offer them beverages.
Detail: 1. Hats, shirts, jackets
Detail: 2. Bright colors 4 SHARPEN YOUR SKILLS
Behavior 2: B. Yelling and screaming
Detail: 1. Encouragement to own team A Writing Skill 1: Unity page 58
Detail: 2. Insulting the opposite team
Behavior 3: C. Physical contact with strangers 4.1 page 59
Detail: 1. High-fives
Detail: 2. Hugging Cross out:
Concluding sentence: In short, people at sporting A child’s first birthday is one year after the birth.
events show unusual behavior that is different I have never been to a baby shower, but I would
from their behavior in their everyday lives. like to go to one.

B Coherence page 54 B Writing Skill 2: Subject–Verb

Agreement page 59
3.3 page 55
4.2 page 60
1 spatial
Underline: in the front, in the back, in the middle Active Listeners Make Good Listeners
2 rank 1 is 5 do not 9 say 13 help
Underline: One method, Another very 2 shows 6 shows 10 know 14 is
useful method, Finally 3 is 7 is 11 are
3 chronological
4 talks 8 gives 12 ask
Underline: First, After that, Finally
C Grammar for Writing:
3.4 page 56 Quantifiers page 60
Possible answers:
1 chronological or rank 4.3 page 61
2 chronological
Possible answers:
3 spatial or rank
Some women
1 Women talk more than men do.
3.6 page 57 A number of teenagers
2 Teenagers do not know social rules.
1 First,
Few teenagers
2 Furthermore, 3 Teenagers know the etiquette for social
3 For example, situations.
4 In addition, Quite a few children
5 In conclusion, 4 Children do not stay quiet while adults are
talking.
Many children
3.7 page 57 5 Children kiss their older relatives to say hello.
Possible answers:
2 After that, their friend will often call out,
“Come in!”
3 In addition, some people may send a small gift.

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 17

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 Avoiding Common Mistakes page 62
3 DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPHS
4.4 page 62
number GLOBAL STUDIES: NATIONAL IDENTITIES
A large amount of people around the world
are using social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, page 67
and Instagram, but few of users know the basic 1 Possible answer: National identity is how
people think about a nation or country and the
etiquette. The first rule is to avoid sharing all of qualities of a nation that make it different from
your thoughts. A few of friends probably share other nations.
2 Answers will vary.
every piece of information from their day, but not
3 Possible answer: National identity may come
everyone wants to hear what they had for lunch. from a shared history, language, religion,
Another rule is to think carefully before adding or challenges.

photos that include other people. Sharing some

1 PREPARE YOUR IDEAS
photos may be embarrassing to others, so it is polite
to ask your friends for permission. For example, Answers will vary.
ask friends before adding any photos of them in
A number 2 EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE
swimsuits. An amount of fights between friends
happen when they make negative comments on A Academic Vocabulary page 70
each other’s web page. Making positive comments
a
will help avoid problems and show little respect. 2.1 pages 70–71
a number ^
Finally, an amount of businesses are now searching A
social media sites before they hire new employees. 1 c 2 d 3 a 4 b
B
If they see crazy pictures or a lot of complaints on
1 a 2 d 3 c 4 b
a person’s website, they will not hire that person.
In conclusion, it is important to think carefully B Academic Collocations page 71
before sharing any information on the Internet.
2.2 page 71
D Avoiding Plagiarism page 63 1 a 2 d 3 e 4 b 5 c

4.5 page 63 C Writing in the Real World page 72

Possible answers:
Strategy 1: She shouldn’t listen to anyone who 2.3 page 73
suggests that she copy from the Internet. It’s
1 the melting pot, a salad, chocolate fondue.
against the school’s academic integrity policy.
The author believes the last one is the most
Strategy 2: She should ask her teacher for help. accurate because people can be part of the U.S.
and still keep their own identity.
2 Making English the official language of the
United States supports the idea of assimilation
because it asks everyone to speak the same
language.
3 Answers will vary.

18 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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 2.4 page 73 3.2 page 76
Possible answers: Topic Sentence: El Grito de Dolores is an important
1 a small porcelain bowl on a table in a laboratory national celebration in Mexico and an important
the flame grows taller and taller part of Mexico’s national identity.
it turns different colors – orange, red, blue, white Feature 1: A. The decorations
2 leafy, green lettuce Detail 1. Flags
round, red tomatoes Detail 2. Lights, balloons, and pinwheels
skinny, orange carrots Detail 3. Red, white, and green colors
Feature 2: B. The gathering
Detail 1. Traditional clothing, music, and food
3 STUDY ACADEMIC WRITING
Detail 2. Locations: in town centers, at
el Zócalo, on TV
A Student Model page 74
Detail 3. Crowded and excited
Possible answers: Feature 3: C. The reenactment
1 The paragraph will be about an important Detail 1. Important history
celebration in one country. It will give
Detail 2. Leader rings a bell and cries
descriptions of the celebration and show why
it is important to the people and their ethnic or Detail 3. Fireworks, national anthem,
national identity. “Viva Mexico”!
2 food, special clothing and music, special
Concluding sentence: El Grito de Dolores is a
performances, parades, ways of celebrating, special and important celebration for the people
the reason for the celebration of Mexico.

Analyze Writing Skills pages 74–75 B Descriptive Paragraphs page 77

1 Underlined: El Grito de Dolores is an important
national celebration in Mexico and an 3.3 pages 78–79
important part of Mexico’s national identity.
1 golden torch, seven-point crown, broken chains
Circled: El Grito de Dolores
2 The writer chose the features because they are
2 Underlined: hang the Mexican flag from their
symbols of freedom that the writer wants the
houses and cars; lights, balloons, and pinwheels
reader to understand.
in the streets and on the buildings; everything
3 The torch: sensory details – light in the
is red, white and green
darkness
3 Circled: excited
The crown: spatial location – on her head
4 Yes
The crown: facts and relevant information –
means the light of freedom
3.1 page 75 The chains: spatial location – at the bottom of
the statue; around her feet
1 decorations, people gathering, reenactment of The chains: feelings – free
El Grito
2 Mexican flags on houses and cars; lights,
3.5 page 80
balloons, and pinwheels in the streets and on
the buildings; red, white, and green decorations 1 On the left 4 On the right
3 Possible answer: They feel proud of him and 2 At the bottom 5 in front
thankful because he started the war for 3 in the center
independence.

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 19

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 B Writing Skill 2: Avoiding Sentence
3.7 page 81
Fragments, Run-ons, and Comma
Underlined sensory details:
Splices page 86
An important part of any national identity is the
food or drinks that are traditional in the country,
such as çay in Turkey. Çay, or Turkish tea, is central 4.2 page 87
to Turkish hospitality. The most popular çay is a
1 C 2 R 3 F 4 C 5 F
special black tea from the coast of the Black Sea.
It has a strong taste, and some say it has a slight
orange flavor. Çay is traditionally served in a small 4.3 page 87
tulip-shaped clear glass. This allows people to
see its dark brown color. Many tea drinkers add Possible answers:
water to make the tea lighter in color and less 1 Americans celebrate their struggle for
strong in taste. The glass does not have handles. independence on the Fourth of July. This day is
Therefore, servers cannot fill it to the top. People a national holiday.
need a place to hold the cup without burning their 2 A country’s money often has interesting images
fingers on the hot glass. The tea is always served and designs. They reveal important social values
with one or two white sugar cubes. Many add this or history.
sugar to make the tea very sweet. It is common for 3 New York City is a diverse city. For example,
Turkish people to gather together in cafés to drink it has neighborhoods with many different
çay with friends and family, and this tea is almost ethnic restaurants and stores.
always served to guests in Turkish homes. 4 Ecuador has amazing natural resources. Many
Words and phrases in chart: Ecuadorians are concerned about protecting
Sight: special black (tea); small tulip-shaped clear their wild animals, plants, and lands.
(glass); dark brown (color); one or two white 5 There are many Canadian families with a
(sugar cubes); lighter Chinese ethnic background. Therefore,
Sound: N/A many Canadians celebrate Chinese holidays,
Smell: N/A like Chinese New Year.
Taste: strong (taste); slight orange (flavor);
less strong; very sweet C Writing Skill 3: Correct Pronoun
Touch: burning their fingers on the hot glass Use page 87

3.11 page 84 4.4 page 88

1 c 2 b 3 a 1 They 5 it
2 He 6 his
4 SHARPEN YOUR SKILLS 3 They 7 their
4 him 8 themselves
A Writing Skill 1: Vivid Language
page 85
D Grammar for Writing:
Adjectives page 89
4.1 page 85
4.5 page 90
Possible answers:
1 gigantic 4 exciting 1 excited 4 surprised
2 bright 5 joyful 2 amazing 5 disappointed
3 noisy 3 interesting

4.6 page 90
1 American 4 Canadian
2 Spanish 5 Korean
3 Jamaican

20 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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Avoiding Common Mistakes page 91 1 PREPARE YOUR IDEAS
4.7 page 91 Answers will vary.

Soccer is not just a sport in Brazil. Some 2 EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Brazilians
brazilians consider soccer to be like a religion.
Most agree that soccer is a national passion. A Academic Vocabulary page 100
Brazil
Like many nations, the people of brazil are very
2.1 page 100
diverse. There are many different social classes and
1 b 3 a 5 b 7 a
ethnic groups. However, almost everyone in Brazil
interested 2 b 4 a 6 a 8 b
is interest in the Brazilian national soccer team.
When the national team is playing, most Brazilian B Academic Phrases page 101
worried
citizens are worry. Will they win or will they lose?
2.2 page 101
Brazilians are united in their concern for their
Brazilian 1 c 2 a 3 b
country’s team. Thousands of brazilian fans go
excited
to the soccer games. The fans are exciting. They C Writing in the Real World page 102
Portuguese
cheer or sing loudly in portugese. They wear their
team’s colors: blue, green, and yellow. They wave 2.3 page 103
huge Brazilian flags. These soccer games bring the 1 shared work space, cell phones, social media
people together to cheer for their team. Soccer is 2 Answers will vary.
3 Possible answer: Problems with technology.
an important part of Brazil’s national identity.
Sometimes people can’t complete their work
because their computers don’t work.
4.8 page 93
1 CK 3 NCK 5 CK 7 CK 2.4 page 103
2 CK 4 NCK 6 NCK
1 The author defines open work spaces. Some
details include: a definition (areas with no
4 DEFINITION PARAGRAPHS walls; co-workers sit next to each other);
purpose (encourages working together);
problems (noise, conflicts between co-workers,
BUSINESS: WORKPLACE BEHAVIOR no behavior policies).
2 She gives examples of social media: websites
page 97 like Facebook or Twitter. She talks about
posting personal photos and information.
Possible answers:
1 Doctors with dead plants seem like they cannot
take good care of living things, including 3 STUDY ACADEMIC WRITING
patients.
2 Good doctors listen to their patients and take A Student Model page 104
their time. Bad doctors are very quick and 1 a team player
uncaring.
2 Answers will vary.
3 Never go to an automobile mechanic who
doesn’t drive. Never go to a doctor who smokes.

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 21

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 Analyze Writing Skills page 104
3.4 page 108
1 Underlined: The Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary
definition of team player is “member of a group
who tries to do what is good for the group rather 1 An intern is a person who is learning about a
than what is good for just himself or herself.” job while doing it.
Circled: team player 2 A cubicle is a work space with low walls
2 b around it.
3 Underlined: he does not try to make people 3 Conflict resolution is the process of solving
feel bad problems between two people or two groups.
4 a coach
5 Underlined: For instance, waiters who are team 4 A rookie is a person who has just started a new
players help clean off each other’s tables when job or activity.
the restaurant gets busy. 5 Respect is a feeling that you have when you
admire someone for their qualities or abilities.
3.1 page 105
1 Possible answers: He is a good speaker and
3.5 page 108
listener. He is always polite. He is like a coach. A
He encourages others to share. He helps his
Possible answers:
co-workers. He does any job.
1 A work space is an area that has everything a
2 Answers will vary.
worker needs to complete his or her work.
3 Answers will vary.
2 A cashier is a person who adds up your
purchases and takes your money.
3.2 page 106 3 A hairdresser is a person who styles your hair.
4 Salary is the money that you get for doing
Topic Sentence: The Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary
your job.
definition of team player is “member of a group
who tries to do what is good for the group rather B
than what is good for just himself or herself.” Answers will vary.
Supporting Sentence 1: A. Co-worker who
communicates clearly 3.7 page 109
Detail: 1. Good speaker and listener
Possible answers:
Detail: 2. Shares opinions
1 C 2 SE 3 I, SE 4 NE 5 I, SE
Detail: 3. Avoids conflict
Detail: 4. Requests politely
Supporting Sentence 2: B. Supports co-workers 3.8 page 110
Detail: 1. Helps co-workers Possible answers:
Detail: 2. Behaves respectfully 1 A co-worker is like a classmate but is at your job.
Detail: 3. Like a coach; gives encouragement 2 Vacation time is not sick time because you can
Supporting Sentence 3: C. Does any job choose to use it for fun.
Detail: 1. Does not say “not my job” 3 For example, a co-worker helps another
Detail: 2. Waiters who clean each other’s tables co-worker do research for a report.
Concluding Sentence: In brief, a team player is a 4 Punctuality in the Philippines means being less
valuable player on any workplace team. than 30 minutes late.

B Definition Paragraphs page 107 4 SHARPEN YOUR SKILLS

3.3 page 107 A Writing Skill 1: Distinguishing
The writer is defining the term differently than Between Fact and Opinion page 111
the definition. He is defining it for the workplace:
However, it has a different meaning in the workplace.
4.1 page 112
1 O 2 O 3 F 4 O 5 F 6 O

22 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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B Writing Skill 2: Verb Tense
4.7 page 116
Consistency
Possible answers:
4.3 page 114 1 Many companies are trying to protect the
environment, so they are creating a “green
workplace.”
According to the Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary
2 Recycling takes a lot of time and energy, but it
online, a wallet is a “small, folding case for paper is worth it.
money and credit cards.” In other words, it is a 3 Working in an office all day long is tiring, so it is
is important to take frequent work breaks.
way to carry money. A wallet was similar to a bank
4 Doing a good job is very satisfying and profitable.
because both hold money. Also, people put money 5 It is important to distinguish between fact and
into both a bank and a wallet. In addition, people opinion.
take 6 Some people like Google’s pet policy, so they
took money out of both a bank and a wallet. bring their pets to work.
However, a wallet is different from a bank in some
ways. A bank is a safe way to keep money, and it
D Grammar for Writing page 117
can hold a great deal of money. A wallet is not a
are 4.8 page 117
safe way to keep money. Wallets were not very big,
CP CS
so they cannot hold a lot of money. For example, 2 These meals can happen at the workplace or
CS
my wallet does not have very much money right another location.
had CS NC
now. A year ago, it has a lot of money because I 3 The conversation may include small talk about
had didn’t have CP NC CP
have a good job at that time. I don’t have enough topics such as the current news, sports, or
money to fill a bank then, but I had enough money CP
have movies.
to fill my wallet. Someday, I had a good job again, NC CP
4 The behavior is more casual at these lunches.
and my wallet will be full of money again. CP CP
5 Employees often dislike work lunches because
CS NC
4.4 page 114 they do not get a break from work.

2 pays 6 is 10 say Avoiding Common Mistakes page 118

3 allows 7 exceeds 11 hurts
4 is 8 make 12 believe
4.9 page 118
5 has 9 is 13 will help

Job success is achieving goals and feeling

C Writing Skill 3: Coordinating
satisfied with your work. Many people believe
Conjunctions money
that a success is making a lot of moneys, but
much
4.6 page 116 money does not bring many satisfaction to

Possible answers: everybody. However, workers can feel success

a
1 or 4 and and a satisfaction from setting goal and reaching
2 , but 5 , but an ^
that goal. In addition, if employee is happy with
3 , so 6 and ^
his or her duties, he or she is more likely to do
well. Enjoyable work and meeting goals are very
success
important for successes.

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 23

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 E Avoiding Plagiarism page 119 2 The author supports her opinion with a story
about a former student who benefitted from arts
classes, as well as statistics from research studies
4.10 page 120 on the effects of arts classes on test scores,
Check: 1, 2 IQ tests, memory, motivation, and attendance.
3 Answers will vary.

4.11 page 120

2.4 page 131
1 b 2 a 3 b
1 The author tries to make the readers interested
in the topic in paragraphs 1 and 2. She gives
5 INTRODUCTION TO THE ESSAY: her opinion in paragraph 4.
2 The author gives two main reasons, which are
OPINION ESSAYS
found in paragraphs 5 and 6.
3 In the first sentence of the last paragraph.
PSYCHOLOGY: CREATIVITY

page 125
3 STUDY ACADEMIC WRITING
Possible answers:
A Student Model page 132
1 Creativity is using your imagination to make
Possible answers:
new things.
1 The arts show history and culture. This is
2 I agree. For example, artists who make a lot of
important to know because it can help all
art and writers who write a lot often get better
subjects. The arts are part of what makes a
and become more creative.
person an educated individual. The arts are
3 artists, designers, chefs, architects
more relaxing than other “academic” subjects.
2 The arts are a waste of time because you can
1 PREPARE YOUR IDEAS never use them in everyday life. The arts are
uninteresting and therefore studying about
Answers will vary. them will be unnecessarily difficult. There is no
time to study the arts with all the other required
2 EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE subjects.
3 Answers will vary.

A Academic Vocabulary page 128 Analyze Writing Skills pages 132–133

1 Underlined: High schools should not make
2.1 pages 128–129 students take classes in the arts for three main
reasons: these classes do not prepare students
1 a 3 b 5 b 7 b for college, they are too expensive, and
2 b 4 a 6 a 8 b students do not have time for them.
2 Underlined: Paragraph 2: The first reason
B Academic Collocations page 129 why classes in the arts should not be required
is that these classes do not prepare students
2.2 page 129 for college.
Paragraph 3: Another reason for my opinion is
1 d 2 c 3 b 4 e 5 a that classes in the arts cost too much money.
These classes need a wide range of expensive
C Writing in the Real World page 130 equipment such as paint, musical instruments,
or video cameras.
2.3 page 131 Paragraph 4: The final reason that high school
students should not have to take classes in the
1 The main reasons why the author thinks high arts is that they do not have enough time to
schools should require classes in the arts are explore these subjects.
that the arts help students in other subjects and The topics are the same as the topics in the last
keep students from dropping out of school. sentence in paragraph 1.
3 Circled: in conclusion
4 a recommendation

24 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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 B From Paragraph to Essay page 136
3.1 page 134
1 No, she doesn’t. 3.3 page 137
2 She thinks that classes in the arts do not
prepare students for college, are too expensive, 1 similar to
and students do not have time for them. 2 topic sentence
3 Answers will vary. 3 usually restates

3.2 page 134 3.4 page 137

I Introductory Paragraph 1 b 2 a 3 a 4 a 5 b
Thesis Statement: High schools should not
make students take classes in the art for three C Opinion Essays page 138
main reasons: these classes do not prepare
students for college, they are too expensive, 3.5 page 139
and students do not have time for them.
Body Paragraph 1, Reason 1: A
II Doesn’t prepare students for college
Throughout history, there have always been
Supporting Sentence: A. What college
applications require artists and other creative people, and they have
Detail: 1. Grades often struggled to earn a living. One example
Detail: 2. Test scores of this is the famous painter Vincent van Gogh.
Detail: 3. Essay
He only sold one painting during his life and was
Supporting Sentence: B. Arts not required on
applications often poor and hungry. Today, we all enjoy van
Supporting Sentence: C. Most students not Gogh’s work, and he might have made even
art majors
Body Paragraph 2, Reason 2: more wonderful paintings if he had received more
III Classes too expensive support. Luckily, today there are many programs
Supporting Sentence: A. Equipment is that give money to help artists, including some
expensive
Detail: 1. Paint government programs. In my view, the city
Detail: 2. Musical instruments government ought to do more to support artists
Detail: 3. Video cameras because this will create more art for everyone to
Supporting Sentence: B. Other subjects
more important enjoy, it will attract tourists, and it will encourage
Detail: 1. Chemistry more young people to be artists.
Detail: 2. Biology B
Supporting Sentence: C. Students can’t 1 It will be about whether governments should
afford equipment do more to support artists.
Body Paragraph 3, Reason 3: 2 It is to give background information about
IV No time for arts classes the topic.
Supporting Sentence: A. Students already busy 3 The writer’s opinion is that governments should
Detail: 1. Classes do more to support the arts.
Detail: 2. Homework 4 Three reasons: Government support will create
more art for everyone to enjoy, attract tourists,
Detail: 3. Preparing for college entrance
and encourage more people to be artists.
tests
Supporting Sentence: B. No time for the arts
V Concluding Paragraph 3.6 page 140
Concluding Sentence: Instead of spending 1 b 2 a 3 a 4 b
money on the arts, high schools should offer
more tutoring and test preparation.

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 25

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 Recently, Friedman put a single green pea …
3.7 page 140 (fact / example)
Possible answers: This is not a reasonable price. No one will want
Check: 2, 3, 5 to eat a pea … (explanation)
1 The statement doesn’t answer the question. There are even artists, such as the American
The question is whether parents should artist Joseph Cornell … (example)
encourage children to become artists, but Today, people pay more than $100,000 … (fact)
the statement is about why artists don’t earn 5 Circled: Anyone could make it; it is often made
enough money. from worthless things.
4 The statement doesn’t give one clear opinion. The reasons are the same.
It gives two conflicting opinions: children should
be encouraged, but sometimes it is better not to 3.10 pages 142–143
be an artist.
Possible answers:
3.9 page 142 Body paragraph 1. One reason why we need more
programs about the arts is these programs are
1 Circled: Body paragraph 1: The first reason why educational.
modern and contemporary art should not be Body paragraph 2. Another reason for my opinion
worth very high prices is that anyone can make it. is that they make viewers more creative.
Body paragraph 2: Another reason for my Body paragraph 3. Finally, television channels
opinion is that today’s art is often made from ought to have more programs about the arts
materials that have no value. because these programs help support artists.
2 Body paragraph 1 reason: Anyone can make
contemporary art, so it isn’t valuable. 3.11 page 143
Body paragraph 2 reason: Contemporary art is
made from cheap materials, so it isn’t worth a Possible answers:
lot of money. Reason 1: relaxing
3 Underlined: Body paragraph 1: Today’s art can Reason 2: keep your mind sharp
be made with very little skill or talent. Reason 3: you might discover you have a lot
Body paragraph 2: Some artists work with very of talent
cheap materials.
4 Dotted line: Body paragraph 1:
3.12 page 143
For example, paintings by the artist Jackson
Pollock have sold for over $100 million … Possible answers:
(example) Topic sentence 1. The first reason for my opinion
He just dripped, poured, and squirted … (fact) that everyone should have a creative hobby is that
Anyone can do that. (explanation) hobbies are relaxing.
One example of this is the French artist Marcel Topic sentence 2. Another reason for my opinion is
Duchamp. (example) that creative hobbies keep your mind sharp.
In 1917, Duchamp bought a toilet at a Topic sentence 3. Finally, it is a good idea to have
hardware store and … (fact) a creative hobby because you might discover you
The critics said he was a genius, (fact) have a lot of talent.
but anyone could do that. (explanation)
More recently, the British artist Tracey Emin … 3.13 page 144
(example)
Possible answers:
Someone paid £150,000 for it. (fact)
Body paragraph 1
This price is not reasonable because nearly all of
us already have a bed and do not need to buy Supporting sentence: Creative hobbies help you
one … (explanation) forget your problems.
Body paragraph 2: Detail: If you are focused on a painting, you will
not think about your bad day at work.
The American artist Tom Friedman is an
example of this. (example)
He has made expensive art from toothpicks,
pieces of tape … (fact)

26 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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Body paragraph 2 2 b
Supporting sentence: Some creative hobbies Reason: a. adds an extra reason not given in the
improve your memory. thesis and does not include all of the reasons in
Detail: Musicians can play very long songs from the thesis; c. does not include all of the reasons
memory, without using sheet music. in the thesis.
Body paragraph 3 3 a

Supporting sentence: Many famous artists only Reason: b. does not include all of the reasons in
started late in life. the thesis statement; c. adds a reason not given
in the thesis.
Detail: Grandma Moses, a famous American painter,
only started painting when she was quite old.
3.18 page 147
3.14 page 144 b
Possible answers:
The first reason why everyone should have a 4 SHARPEN YOUR SKILLS
creative hobby is that hobbies are relaxing.
Creative hobbies help you forget your problems. A Writing Skill 1: Background
If you are focused on a painting, you will not
think about your bad day at work. In addition, Information page 148
creative hobbies reduce your stress. Scientists have
learned that people who have creative hobbies 4.1 page 149
have lower blood pressure, which means they are
less stressed. a 2 b 4 c 1 d 3

3.16 page 146 4.2 page 149

1 Underlined: In my view this is a bad thing a

because the world needs creative adults to
invent new products, to entertain us with books 4.3 page 150
and movies, and to solve important problems in
the world. Possible answer: Many people are very creative
2 Underlined: Because we need creativity for when they are children but become less creative
inventions, entertainment, and solutions to when they are adults.
major problems, in my opinion it is a shame
that so many adults are not creative. B Writing Skill 2: The Thesis
3 Circled in thesis statement: invent new products, Statement page 150
entertain us, solve important problems
Circled in conclusion: inventions,
4.5 page 151
entertainment, solutions to major problems
4 Dotted line: To summarize A
5 Boxed: For this reason, all adults should spend 1 O 2 R 3 T 4 O
at least an hour each day doing something B
creative, such as writing or painting. Possible answers:
(recommendation)
2 today’s art is not beautiful and the money
should go to charity instead
3.17 pages 146–147 3 people spend millions of dollars on art
4 should not spend millions of dollars on art
1 c
Reason: a. does not include all of the reasons
in the thesis statement; b. adds an extra reason
not given in the thesis.

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 27

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 Finally
Finaly, our country needs police officers and
4.6 pages 151–152
soldiers to protect us. People in these jobs have
Possible answers:
to follow orders and do not have many chances
1 There should be more arts programming on TV
because it educates people, it is relaxing, and it to be creative. In sum, because there are many
will support artists. important jobs that do not require creativity, it is
2 In my opinion knowledge is more important
a good thing that many adults are less creative
than imagination because we need knowledge
to make useful things, to do well in school, and than children.
to get a good job.
3 In my view, people should not buy expensive D Avoiding Plagiarism page 156
art because anyone can make it, because art
should be affordable to everyone, and because
4.10 page 157
it should be in public museums.
The writer used three ways. First, he used an in-text
C Grammar for Writing: Word Forms citation. Then he cited the author at the end of the
page 152 quote. Finally, he put the author’s exact words in
quotations.

4.8 page 154

4.11 page 157
1 conclusion 6 successful
Some argue that older people are not as creative
2 creative 7 Finally
as younger people. According to Moody, it is true
3 independence 8 motivate
that older people take longer to learn new things,
4 confidence 9 creativity and their reactions are slower (359). However, he
5 confident believes older people can still be creative. Moody
says, “Creativity can mean doing old things in a
Avoiding Common Mistakes page 155 new way, or in a different way”(qtd. in Collins 3).
If people learn new things, they can be creative all
4.9 page 155 of their life (Bahrampour 6).

difference
One differance between children and adults
is that adults are often less creative. In my view
6 CLASSIFICATION ESSAYS

that is a good thing because we need adults to HEALTH: FOOD IN SOCIETY

useful
do jobs that are usefull and helpful but are not
page 163
always creative. For example, we need people to
1 Possible answer: If a person is a vegetarian,
build important things like bridges, and people for example, this might tell us many things.
need to know that these are safe so they can Perhaps the person is vegetarian for religious
confidence really reasons, for health reasons, because he or she
use them with confidance. This work is not realy cares about animals, or because he or she is
creative, but it has a lot of importance. If adults worried about the effect that raising animals for
meat has on the environment.
were as creative as children, they might not want
2 Answers will vary.
to do this sort of work. We also need doctors and 3 Answers will vary.
wonderful
nurses to keep us healthy. These are wonderfull
patience
and important jobs that require a lot of patiance,
skill, and knowledge. However, they do not
require as much creativity as a career in the arts.

28 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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 1 PREPARE YOUR IDEAS 3 STUDY ACADEMIC WRITING
Answers will vary.
A Student Model page 170

2 EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE Analyze Writing Skills pages 170–171

1 Underlined: at supermarkets, at farmers’
A Academic Vocabulary page 166 markets, and in your own garden.
Three categories are mentioned.
2 Underlined: One place to get fruit and vegetables
2.1 page 166
3 Checked: cost, convenience, quality
1 b 3 b 5 b 7 b 4 Yes
2 a 4 a 6 a 8 a 5 In conclusion, farmers’ markets, supermarkets,
and your own garden are three places to get
B Academic Phrases page 167 fruit and vegetables, and all of them have good
points and bad points.
2.2 page 167
3.1 page 172
1 b 2 c 3 a
1 supermarkets, farmers’ markets, and your own
C Writing in the Real World page 168 garden
2 Supermarkets: cost can be low or high, quality
can be good or poor, and supermarkets are
2.3 page 169
convenient because every town has at least
Possible answers: one. Growing your own: cost is very low,
1 The two kinds of food are “hot” foods that quality is very good, but it is not convenient
warm the body and “cool” foods that cool it. because it takes time and work.
Some examples of hot foods are lamb, peppers, Farmers’ markets: cost is often less than
cinnamon, and ginger. Some examples of cool supermarkets, quality is usually very high,
foods are watermelon, corn, pork, and tofu. but they are not convenient because most
2 You should eat hot foods when you are cool,
neighborhoods do not have a farmers’ market.
or when you have an illness that is “cool.” 3 Farmers’ markets are best, if one is nearby,
You should eat cool foods when you are hot or because they are sometimes less expensive and
have a “hot” illness. the quality is usually good.
3 Answers will vary.
3.2 pages 172–173
2.4 page 169 I Introductory Paragraph
1 All food is divided into two categories: Thesis Statement: In the United States, the
hot and cool. main places to get fruit and vegetables are at
2 In traditional Chinese medicine, most illnesses
supermarkets, at farmers’ markets, and in your
can also be classified as hot or cool. own garden, and each place has advantages
and disadvantages.

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 29

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 Body Paragraph 1, Category 1: B Classification Essays page 174
II Supermarkets
Detail/characteristic: A. Cost 3.3 page 175
Explanation: 1. Cheap in some places
Explanation: 2. Expensive in others 1 c, e, f
Detail/characteristic: B. Quality 2 a
Explanation: 1. Sometimes imported, 3 In the United States, the main places to get fruit
not fresh, chemicals and vegetables are at supermarkets, at farmers’
Explanation: 2. Sometimes organic, markets, and in your own garden, and each
fresher, more expensive place has advantages and disadvantages.
Detail/Characteristic: C. Convenience 4 In conclusion, farmers’ markets, supermarkets,
and your own garden are three places to get
Explanation: 1. Usually one in every town
fruit and vegetables, and all of them have good
Explanation: 2. Convenient for most points and bad points.
people
Body Paragraph 2, Category 2:
III Farmers’ markets
3.4 page 176
Detail/characteristic: A. Cost: lower than Check: Student 2
supermarkets Write X: Students 1, 3, 4
Explanation: 1. Local farmers Student 1’s categories do not cover the topic
Explanation: 2. Local produce completely. There are many food businesses that
Detail/characteristic: B. Quality: better than do not belong to any of these categories, such as
supermarkets restaurants. Also, shopping malls are not mainly
Explanation: 1. Fresh food businesses.
Explanation: 2. No chemicals Student 3’s categories are not different
Detail/characteristic: C. Convenience: not for enough from each other. These are all kinds of
everyone supermarkets, and many businesses would belong
Explanation: 1. Sometimes in big cities to more than one category.
Explanation: 2. Not in most places Student 4’s categories are not related to the topic
of the writing prompt. The topic is businesses based
Body Paragraph 3, Category 3:
on food, but these categories seem to be kinds of
IV Growing your own
people who do not eat certain kinds of food.
Detail/characteristic: A. Cost: low
Explanation: 1. Cheap seeds
3.5 page 176
Explanation: 2. Needs dirt, water, time
Detail/characteristic: B. Quality: very good Possible answers:
Explanation: 1. Not pretty but fresh 1 fast-food restaurants, sit-down restaurants, and
Explanation: 2. Taste better street vendors
Detail/characteristic: C. Convenience: not for 2 health reasons, religious reasons, to protect
everyone animals or the environment, or because they
Explanation: 1. Requires special tools do not like the taste
Explanation: 2. Takes time and space 3 In the United States, regional cuisines include
V Concluding Paragraph southern, Tex-Mex, Midwestern, and California
cuisine.
Concluding Sentence: The best place to buy
produce is probably at farmers’ markets, if one
is nearby, because the prices are often low and 3.7 page 178
the quality is usually high.
Possible answers:
1 cost, atmosphere, taste, convenience, speed
2 ingredients used, spicy or not, cost, how it is
eaten (chopsticks, fork, hands)
3 location, jobs in the business, kind of work
involved, goods/services the business offers,
profitability of the business

30 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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 C
3.8 page 179 Sample paragraph:
Possible answers: One kind of business that is based on food is a
Category 2: Fast-food places restaurant. Restaurants are common all over the
world. In almost every town there is at least one
Cost: Fast-food places are usually quite
restaurant, and of course in big cities there are
inexpensive.
thousands of restaurants. There is a wide variety
Convenience: Eating at a fast-food restaurant is
of jobs in a restaurant. Restaurants need chefs and
very quick and convenient.
cooks to prepare food, servers to take orders and
Health: Fast food is often not very healthy. bring the food, cashiers to take the money, and
Category 3: Sit-down restaurants helpers to clear the tables. In addition, restaurants
Cost: Sit-down restaurants are usually more need managers, cleaning people, and delivery
expensive than fast-food restaurants. people. The kinds of customers at a restaurant
Convenience: It can take more time to eat at a depend on the place. There are restaurants that
sit-down restaurant, but it is more convenient serve inexpensive food to families as well as very
than cooking. expensive restaurants and restaurants that are
Health: A meal at a sit-down restaurant can be mostly for tourists.
very healthy or very unhealthy, depending on
the place. 3.12 page 183
Possible answers:
3.10 page 181
2 The main types of food on a restaurant menu
Possible answers: are appetizers, entrees, desserts, and drinks.
Body paragraph 1: One type of place that serves 3 Where I live, Chinese, Italian, and Mexican are
food is a street vendor. the most popular types of international food.
Body paragraph 2: Fast-food restaurants are 4 The main types of restaurants in my town are
another type of place that serves food. fast-food restaurants, pizza restaurants, and
salad places.
3.11 pages 181–182
4 SHARPEN YOUR SKILLS
A
Possible answers:
A Writing Skill: Sentence Variety
Category 1: restaurants
Category 2: supermarkets page 184
Category 3: farms
B 4.1 page 185
Possible answers:
Possible answers:
Point of classification A: location
1 People in China eat hot foods when it is winter.
Point of classification B: jobs in the business They eat cool foods when it is summer.
Point of classification C: customers 2 In many cultures, garlic is considered medicine.
It is used to treat colds and other illnesses.
3 In China, many people do not like to drink
ice water.
4 Fast food tastes good, but it can be very bad for
your health.

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 31

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 B Grammar for Writing: Simple
Present and Present Progressive 7 PROCESS ESSAYS
page 185
SOCIAL WORK: SOCIAL ACTIVISM
4.3 page 186
page 195
1 are enjoying 5 are
1 Answers will vary.
2 has 6 makes
2 Possible answers: war, disease, poverty, racism,
3 improves 7 do not sleep gang violence, pollution, terrorism
4 are having 3 Possible answers: volunteering with an
organization that addresses social issues, raising
Avoiding Common Mistakes page 187 or donating money to charity, learning about
Another type of diet that is good for your an issue and educating other people

mental health is a diet high in fish. Scientists are

doing 1 PREPARE YOUR IDEAS
do a lot of research on the effects of fish these
know
days. We already are knowing that fish can B Reflect on the Topic page 196
improve memory and concentration, especially for
have 1.1 page 196
older people. This is because fish are having a fatty
helps
acid called Omega-3 that is helping our brains. Step 3. Roll paper strips to make beads.
are researching Step 4. Glue the ends of the beads.
Right now, scientists research the effect of fish on
Step 5. String the completed beads.
people’s mood. Many of them believe that fish
suffering
can help people who are suffer from depression. 2 EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE
improves
According to research, fish also is improving sleep.
If you are having trouble sleeping these days, you A Academic Vocabulary page 198
might want to try eating more fish for a few days.
2.1 pages 198–199
C Avoiding Plagiarism page 188 1 a 3 a 5 b 7 a
2 b 4 b 6 b 8 a
4.5 page 189
A
B Academic Collocations page 199
1 b 2 b
B 2.2 page 199
1 Schlosser, Eric. Fast Food Nation. New York, 1 d 2 b 3 a 4 e 5 c
New York: Harper, 1992. Print.
2 Pollan, Michael. “How Change Is Going to
Come in the Food System.” The Nation.
3 October 2011: 7. Print.

32 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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C Writing in the Real World page 200 4 Circled: In short
Underlined: You can buy paper bead
bracelets and necklaces and save yourself
2.3 page 201 time (suggestion); You will have something
1 Order of sentences: wonderful and will help the women of Uganda
support themselves. (opinion)
1 Raise money and recruit medical
professionals.
2 Send a medical team to a country in crisis. 3.1 page 204
3 Evaluate the country’s needs.
1 There are seven steps.
4 Provide information and assistance to the
2 b
country and educate the international
3 BeadForLife helps women in Uganda.
community.
The money provides an income for poor
5 Give the MSF program to local citizens.
women in Uganda.
2 Answers will vary.
3 Answers will vary.
3.2 pages 204–205
2.4 page 201 I Introductory Paragraph
Thesis Statement: If you follow these steps
1 Possible answer: The writer thinks the work carefully, perhaps you can make this jewelry, too.
of Doctors Without Borders is very important
II Body Paragraph
because it has helped millions of people in crisis
situations around the world with its effective The process of making beads
and responsible medical and humanitarian aid. Step 1: A. Choose the paper
2 The author uses chronological order. Detail: 1. Bright and colorful
3 The main step of this paragraph is Doctors Detail: 2. Magazines or posters
Without Borders speaking out so that the world Step 2: B. Cut the paper
community is aware of new problem situations. Detail: 1. Wide and thin triangles
“Starved for Attention” is an example of this Detail: 2. Different sizes and shapes
step. It was a campaign that alerted people to Step 3: C. Roll the strips into beads
the problem of childhood malnutrition and as a Detail: 1. Roll paper around a stick or needle
result helped starving children.
Detail: 2. Create a hole
Step 4: D. Glue the paper
3 STUDY ACADEMIC WRITING Detail: 1. Hold tightly
Detail: 2. Wait until dry
Step 5: E. Make a bracelet
A Student Model page 202
Detail: 1. Have enough beads
1 Possible answer: This essay will explain how to
make a product. Based on the essay title, the Detail: 2. Put string through beads
product is paper bead jewelry. Step 6: F. Apply varnish
2 Answers will vary. Step 7: G. Let the beads dry
Detail: 1. Two to three days
Analyze Writing Skills pages 202–203 III Concluding Paragraph
1 Underlined: The women of Uganda follow a Concluding Sentence: In short, making bead
careful step-by-step process to make beads jewelry is a simple but long process, and it is
and jewelry. a process that the women of Uganda have
2 Circled: First, Next, Third, After that, Then, mastered.
Finally
3 Underlined: This step requires a small stick, such
as a toothpick or needle. Roll the paper around
the stick very tightly. The stick creates a hole.
It is a little difficult to do, so be patient.

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 33

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 B Process Essays page 206 4 SHARPEN YOUR SKILLS
3.3 page 206 A Writing Skill 1: Clarity page 211
Introductory Paragraph
1 b 2 c 3 a 4.1 page 212
Body Paragraph
Possible answers (relating to the theme):
1 a 2 b
2 critical urgent catastrophic
Concluding Paragraph
3 100-person enormous tremendous
1 b 2 c 3 a
4 successful impressive efficient
5 delicate attractive brightly-colored
3.4 page 207 6 unimportant tiny fragile
1 The writer will explain the steps for high school 7 antique timeless aged
students to start a service-learning project. 8 teenage inexperienced youthful
2 It is a wonderful opportunity for students
to learn important skills, kindness, and 4.2 page 212
responsibility.
3 There are four steps. Possible answers:
1 teenage or high school
3.6 page 208 2 successful or valuable
3 an enormous or 100-person

Third, roll the paper strips into beads. This step 4 attractive or colorful

requires a small stick, such as a toothpick or

4.3 page 213
needle. Roll the paper around the stick very tightly.
The stick creates a hole. It is a little difficult to roll The TOMS shoe company has the slogan
the paper correctly, so be patient. It may take “One for One” on all of its boxes. You might wonder
it
a minute or two to make one bead. what he means. In fact, this slogan means that you
have given a new pair of shoes to a child who does
3.7 page 209
not have any shoes. TOMS makes a commitment
Answers will vary. to give a pair of shoes away every time a customer
them
buys a new pair of TOMS shoes. TOMS gives him
3.9 page 210
to organizations that have experience working in
1 In sum
poor countries or communities. TOMS counts on
2 A bake sale is a quick and easy way to make them
money to assist people in your community. it to hand out the shoes in an effective way. TOMS
3 These kinds of activities will make the people has given 10 million pairs of shoes to poor children.
in your community become better neighbors
The company follows a six-step process. With this
and friends. it
process, they provides shoes to children in more
3.10 page 210 than 60 countries. TOMS encourages support
from people like you. You can follow these steps to
In conclusion, if you follow these five easy steps, its
support his “One for One” program.
you can make a delicious soup that will help a sick
family member recover quickly. In fact, the soup
is so delicious that you will want to serve it to
everyone in the family, whether they are sick or not.

34 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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B Writing Skill 2: Transition Words Avoiding Common Mistakes page 217
and Phrases for Sequential Order
page 213 4.7 page 217

First, decide the date and location for your

4.5 page 214
blood drive. You need to work with the Red Cross
5 On the day of the event, have volunteers
register the walkers and hand out water during to choose a date when they are available. Also,
find out
the walk. know how much space the Red Cross requires for
3 After you have a definite location for the walk, Find out
their equipment. Learn if your location will work
find volunteers to help you at the event.
4 Once you have a location and some volunteers, well. After that, you can begin advertising the
advertise the walking event. Make sure to event. The Red Cross recommends that you begin
describe the primary goal of the walk and the
time and place of the walk. advertising four weeks before the event. At the
sign up
1 Choose a place for the walk. A good place for a same time, you can subscribe donors. Sign people
fundraising walk is a city park. up
in to give blood and schedule appointments.
2 Go to the city government office to get
permission for your event. On the day of the event, call donors to remind
Sample paragraph: them of their appointment times. Next, greet the
Charity organizations often use walks or runs Red Cross workers and show them where to set
to raise money. Anyone can use this popular
fundraising idea by following these steps. First, up. When donors arrive, the Red Cross staff will do
choose a place for the walk. A good place for a fill out
everything. They help donors write the necessary
fundraising walk is a city park. Next, go to the filled out
city government office to get permission for your paperwork. After all the paperwork is answered,
event. Then after you have a definite location the staff safely takes the blood donations. Finally,
for the walk, find volunteers to help you at the find out
event. Fourth, once you have a location and some check how many people gave blood so that you can
volunteers, advertise the walking event. Make sure announce the results and thank all of the donors.
to describe the primary goal of the walks and the
time and place of the walk. Finally, on the day of C Avoiding Plagiarism page 218
the event, have volunteers register the walkers and
hand out water during the walk.
4.8 page 219
C Grammar for Writing: Phrasal 1 a 2 b 3 a, c
Verbs page 214

4.6 page 216

1 find out 4 count on
2 sign up 5 hand out
3 fill out

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 35

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 C Writing in the Real World page 228
8 COMPARISON AND
CONTRAST ESSAYS 2.3 page 229
1 The generations differ in their use of
FINANCE: PERSONAL FINANCE technology. Gen Y uses technology to stay
connected with friends and family on social
page 223 media. They use social media to see what
Answers will vary. their friends and peers are buying. Gen X uses
technology to search for information. They
use this information to inform their choice of
1 PREPARE YOUR IDEAS purchases.
2 Answers will vary.
B Reflect on the Topic page 224 3 Possible answers: Gen X will need a lot of
product information. The company could put
information about the material, colors, sizes,
1.1 page 224
prices, and care on their website for Gen X.
Possible answers: Gen Y will want to know what other people
• Studying full-time – more free time think of the jeans. The company could have
advertisements on social media that people
• Similarities – students can make new friends
can “like” and “share.” They could create an
• Studying part-time while working – less choice
ad campaign in which people take pictures of
of classes per semester
themselves wearing the jeans and post them on
social media.
2 EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE
2.4 page 229
A Academic Vocabulary page 226
1 The purpose of this information is to provide
interest and to give some background
2.1 page 226 information. The paragraph provides a specific
example of an advertisement that targets
A
Millennials.
1 b 2 d 3 c 4 a
2 The author is comparing Gen X and Gen Y.
B He is comparing their use of technology.
1 d 2 b 3 a 4 c 3 The author discusses the spending habits of
both Gen X and Gen Y.
B Academic Phrases page 227
3 STUDY ACADEMIC WRITING
2.2 page 227
1 c 2 a 3 b A Student Model page 230
1 The prompt is asking the writer to compare
students who study full-time and students who
work and study part-time.
2 Answers will vary.
Possible similarities: Both students take the same
courses; they do the same work; they get a
college education.
Possible differences: Full-time students can take
more courses at a time; they have more time
to get the work done; they usually graduate
sooner because they can take more courses
at once.

36 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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Analyze Writing Skills pages 230–231 Body Paragraph 2
1 Underlined: How long will it take to get a III Time to graduate
degree? How much will it cost? Subject A: A. Full-time students
2 Circled: study full-time, study part-time Detail: 1. Graduate on time
3 Underlined: students will have different Sub-detail: a. Take many classes
experiences, will graduate at different times, Sub-detail: b. Finish quickly
and will have different amounts of debt after Subject B: B. Part-time students
graduation Detail: 1. Go to school longer
4 Circled: Paragraph 2: (different) experiences Sub-detail: a. Take fewer classes
Paragraph 3: time (that it takes to graduate) Sub-detail: b. Need time to work
Paragraph 4: debt (after graduation) Body Paragraph 3
The writer discusses both. IV Debt after graduation
5 Underlined: In conclusion Subject A: A. Full-time students
Detail: 1. Have debt
3.1 page 232 Sub-detail: a. Need to repay loans
1 The differences are experiences, time, and debt. Sub-detail: b. Often have financial
problems
2 The writer discovered that in his case it was
better to work while going to school. Someone Subject B: B. Part-time students
trying to decide how to pay for college might Detail: 1. Less debt
benefit from this essay. Sub-detail: a. No loans to repay
3 Answers will vary. Sub-detail: b. Often can start a family
earlier
Sub-detail: c. Can make big purchases
3.2 pages 232–234
sooner
I Introductory Paragraph V Concluding Paragraph
Thesis Statement: Studying full-time and Concluding Sentence: In conclusion, studying
part-time are different because students will full-time and studying part-time are different in
have different experiences, will graduate at many important ways.
different times, and will have different amounts
of debt after graduation. B Comparison and Contrast
Body Paragraph 1 Essays page 234
II Student experience
Subject A: A. Full-time students
3.3 page 235
Detail: 1. Enjoy college life
Sub-detail: a. Take classes anytime 1 a 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 a
Sub-detail: b. Meet people
Sub-detail: c. Participate in organizations 3.4 page 236
Subject B: B. Part-time students
Detail: 1. Don’t enjoy college life very much Possible answers:
Sub-detail: a. Very busy working Points of Subject A: Subject B:
Sub-detail: b. Don’t socialize as much Comparison Shopping in Shopping
Sub-detail: c. No time for school a Store Online
organization
Body usually no often have
Paragraph 2: shipping extra
shipping and costs shipping and
handling handling
costs
Body can compare can compare
Paragraph 3: by going by going
getting the to different to different
best price stores websites

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 37

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 3.6 page 237 3.11 page 241
A Possible answers:
What makes a person a saver instead of a 1 Topic sentence for body paragraph 2:
spender? Psychologists continue to debate the Another similarity between online banking and
factors that determine personality. Some experts traditional banking is the type of accounts that
argue that genetics decides our behaviors and customers can have.
attitudes. Others say that it is mainly environment Topic sentence for body paragraph 3:
that affects who we become. My brother and Finally, traditional banking is the same as online
I have the same parents, but we grew up very banking because they both offer the same
differently. He grew up in the 1980s when our interest rates.
parents were poor, but I grew up in the 1990s
2 Topic sentence for body paragraph 1:
when our family had a higher income. It is clear
that this difference in our environments as children The most important difference between
caused my brother and me to view money shopping online and traditional shopping is
differently. the type of interaction customers have with
the products.
B
Topic sentence for body paragraph 2:
1 a
Another difference is the type of information
2 a
consumers can get about the product.
3 It is clear that this difference in our
Topic sentence for body paragraph 3:
environments as children caused my brother
and me to view money differently; b The last difference between shopping online and
traditional shopping is the amount and type of
interaction customers have with the sales staff.
3.7 page 238
1 Focusing on similarities and differences 3.12 page 241
between cash and credit cards can help
people decide which payment option is safer. Answers will vary.
(The other statement does not include the key
characteristic of safety.) 3.13 page 242
2 Shopping at local stores and shopping at
large national chain stores have some clear 1 b 2 c 3 a
differences that consumers should consider
when deciding where to buy products. 4 SHARPEN YOUR SKILLS
(The other statement does not introduce a
comparison of local vs. global shopping.)
A Writing Skill: Hooks page 243
3.8 page 239
4.1 page 243
Possible answers:
Writing in the Real World: 2 – a relevant short story
2 get a college education
Student Model: 4 – a significant question or two
3 how we spend money

4.2 page 244

3.10 page 240
A
Possible answers:
1 Underlined: “An iPod, a phone, an Internet
Body Paragraph 1: Changing their menus
mobile communicator … these are NOT three
A Wendy’s
separate devices! And we are calling it iPhone!”
1 new item: Pretzel Bacon Cheeseburger
2 d
2 “fast-casual” vs. fast-food
3 Answers will vary.
B KFC
B
1 new item: all boneless wings
Answers will vary.
2 attract Millennials who grew up with chicken
nuggets

38 STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY

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B Grammar for Writing: Comparative
Adjectives page 245

4.4 page 246

1 healthier than
2 faster than
3 more common than
4 better than, smaller than
5 more successful than

Avoiding Common Mistakes page 247

4.5 page 247

The most important difference between

using a credit card and using cash is that cash is
harder
more harder to spend than credit cards. For that
reason, many financial advisors argue that using
better
cash is more better than using credit cards. Experts
have found that shoppers make more purchases
when they use credit cards. There is a psychological
easier
reason for this. It is more easy to swipe a credit
card to buy something. This action does not make
people feel like they are spending money. On the
other hand, studies show that people who use cash
than
spend less. Cash feels more real that credit cards,
so people treat it differently. Most people try to keep
than
cash. They find cash more difficult to use that credit.
People who are trying to save money may find that
more helpful
using cash is helpful than using credit cards.

C Avoiding Plagiarism page 248

4.6 page 249

1 change the order of words
2 change words or phrases to synonyms
3 change the form of words

4.7 page 249

Answers will vary.

STUDENT’S BOOK ANSWER KEY 39

Copyright Material - Review Only - Not for Redistribution
 UNIT 1 VOCABULARY QUIZ SCORE: / 13

NAME: DATE:
Part A: Academic Vocabulary
Circle the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 It takes many years to sharpen / master / criticize a second language.
2 Children must recognize and say the sounds of letters. These skills are mental / able / critical for learning
how to read.
3 To do well in college, it is important to pay technique / ability /attention to class lectures and take
good notes.
4 One way to learn new words in a language is to sharpen / memorize / attend songs. When you sing
a song over and over, you learn the words in it.
5 People who sharpen / master / memorize their minds usually do well when they have to learn new skills
at a job.
6 According to research studies, video games can improve children’s technique / ability / attention to read.
7 Connecting new vocabulary words to familiar words is one ability / technique / attention for
remembering the new words.
8 Solving crossword puzzles can help people’s mental / sharp / memorizable ability because it requires
clear thinking.

Part B: Academic Collocations

Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the academic collocations in the box.

attention span learning technique memory loss mental health pay attention

Two very different brain conditions show the brain’s critical importance. The first is Attention Deficit

Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which is especially common in children. Children with ADHD have trouble

sitting still for very long. They often cannot in class. They may listen for a few
(1)
minutes, but then they move around and talk. Their are very short.
(2)
One for children with ADHD is to study things in short chunks. The second
(3)
condition is Alzheimer’s, which mostly affects older people. People with Alzheimer’s have serious

. They often cannot remember events and people, and they may even forget their
(4)
own children. In sum, problems with the brain can cause serious difficulties in people’s lives, so it’s important

to take care of one’s .

(5)

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NAME: DATE:
Part A
Circle the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 I began practicing yoga even though / because I felt stressed from my busy schedule.
2 Although / Since Julia sleeps eight hours a night, she still has trouble focusing on her studies.
3 Cooking with family and friends is beneficial since / , although it helps people connect socially.
4 While / Since children should avoid most computer games, some educational computer games may
actually help children learn.
5 Some people don’t eat healthy food such as fruit and vegetables, even though / since doctors highly
recommend it.
6 I study more efficiently after exercising because / although I feel more energetic.

Part B
Correct the mistakes with adverb clauses.
1 Althought teenagers can be moody, their behavior usually improves as they get older.
2 Reading an enjoyable book before bed is healthy, because it relaxes you.
3 Even though Professor Lu never gives us homework on weekends to relieve our stress. I usually
study anyway.
4 I am thinking more clearly. Since I began doing challenging crossword puzzles.
5 Although it’s a good idea to avoid a lot of caffeine, and some people say it helps them stay alert.

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 UNIT 1 AVOIDING PLAGIARISM QUIZ SCORE: /4

NAME: DATE:
Part A
Read the original passage and the underlined words and phrases in the student texts below.
Circle the type of plagiarism in each student text.
Original Passage:
A mnemonic is a technique people use to remember something. It can be an abbreviation, such as an
acronym, or an image, such as a bird. It can also be a song or poem. Using mnemonics can help people
remember things such as people’s names, numbers, or facts. For example, when you meet someone at a party
named Elizabeth, you can think of Queen Elizabeth of England. For another example, if students are studying
historical facts for a test, they can remember them as a poem: “In 1492, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.”
1 Student Text A:
To help remember something, use a mnemonic technique such as an abbreviation, an image, a song,
or a poem. You can use a mnemonic to remember names, number, or facts. If you meet someone with
the name Elizabeth, for example, think of Queen Elizabeth of England.
a This student cut and pasted whole sentences.
b This student only changed a few words.
2 Student Text B:
A mnemonic is a technique people use to remember something. It can be an abbreviation, such as an
acronym, or an image, such as a bird. It can also be a song or poem. Using mnemonics can help people
remember things such as people’s names, numbers, or facts. It can be fun to create clever poems or songs
with a study friend.
a This student cut and pasted whole sentences.
b This student only changed a few words.

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Part B
Read the original passage and the examples of plagiarism in two students’ texts below.
Underline the phrases that the students plagiarized.
Original Passage:
Creativity is the ability to think of new ideas or make something original or innovative. Nowadays,
creativity is encouraged in schools to promote original, individual thinking. It also allows students to think of
new approaches to problem solving. This is especially useful not only in art classes, but also in science and
technology classes.
1 Student Text A:
Creativity, or the ability to think of new ideas or make something original or innovative, is used in schools.
Students can learn to solve problems in a fun way, not only in art classes but also in science and
technology classes.
2 Student Text B:
Creativity means making new or innovative ideas or things. This method is encouraged in schools to
promote original, individual thinking. Students will be able to use new approaches to problem solving.
This is very helpful when they learn about a variety of subjects including science,
technology, and the arts.

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 UNIT 1 WRITING PROMPTS

NAME: DATE:
Instructors: This is a list of possible prompts to assign as a unit writing quiz.
1 What three things can you do in class to help you remember better? Explain and give examples.
2 What strategies do you use to help you remember new vocabulary?
3 The brain needs sleep to work well. How can people improve their habits to sleep better?
4 What three strategies can you use to study for a test? Explain and give examples.
5 What strategies can you use to remember people’s names? Give details.

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NAME: DATE:
Part A: Academic Vocabulary
Circle the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 In the U.S, it is considered brief / respectful / cultural for children to use “Mr.,” “Mrs.,” or “Ms.” before
an adult’s last name when talking to him or her.
2 Most Americans avoid / communicate / interpret talking about religion and politics with strangers.
These topics could make them feel uncomfortable.
3 Many Americans communicate / avoid / regard a hug as an appropriate gesture with family and friends.
However, it is generally not appropriate with strangers.
4 In some cultures, a thumbs-up gesture means “good job.” In other cultures, people avoid / interpret /
respect this gesture as having a rude meaning.
5 People in many cultures communicate / avoid / interpret nonverbally with hand and head gestures.
6 A custom / culture / respect in many cultures is to greet family and friends with a kiss on the cheek.
7 In many communications / respects / cultures throughout the world, people greet each other with a
handshake or a wave.
8 In Japan, a brief / cultural / respectful bow of the head is used when greeting friends, but a deeper bow
is expected when meeting someone for the first time.

Part B: Academic Phrases

Complete the paragraph with the academic phrases in the box.

another a number of one of the

For students who are studying a new language, being polite can help them learn the language.

In fact, there are benefits that learning etiquette can have for students.
(1)
benefits of knowing social rules is a better understanding of the culture.
(2)
When people understand the culture of the target language, it becomes easier to understand vocabulary
and idioms. benefit of learning etiquette is that it helps students feel more
(3)
comfortable with native speakers. For example, if students know to shake hands and smile when they greet

strangers, it will be easier for them to meet people. In short, knowing the social rules helps students to feel

more comfortable speaking a new language.

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 UNIT 2 GRAMMAR QUIZ SCORE: / 11

NAME: DATE:
Part A
Circle the correct words or phrases to complete the sentences.
1 At dinner parties in some / a little countries, it is the custom to wait until the host sits down before
starting to eat.
2 American dinner guests usually bring flowers or chocolates to a dinner party. A few of / few these guests
might bring a special gift for the host.
3 There are still a little / a few Chinese customs that I need to learn about before I go to Beijing.
4 The amount of / number of Americans who know a second language is increasing.
5 There is little / few instruction provided to foreign students about some complex aspects of
American culture.
6 You can find a large amount of / many of information about customs in different cultures on the Internet.

Part B
Correct the mistake in each sentence.
1 Most Americans try to leave little space between themselves and strangers.
2 Today there is a large number of online communication across cultures.
3 Few of residents of San Francisco have never been to the city’s famous Chinatown.
4 People who are moving to a new country can learn about the culture by reading a lot books.
5 Little gesture such as a smile can help people make friends in a new culture.

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UNIT 2 AVOIDING PLAGIARISM QUIZ SCORE: /3

NAME: DATE:
Match each scenario with the best strategy for avoiding plagiarism.

SCENARIO STRATEGY
1 Sam says that authorities on his topic write better than he a Ask a teacher, a classmate, or a
does, so he plans to copy the experts’ words. librarian for help.
2 Sherry says she doesn’t know the specific vocabulary for her b Organize time by starting the
topic, and her dictionary doesn’t seem to help. writing project early and doing
3 Isabella was confident that she could write her paper the some of it every day.
night before it is due. Now it is due tomorrow and she c Remember that copying is
doesn’t know what to write about. always wrong, and it is against
the school’s academic integrity
policy.

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 UNIT 2 WRITING PROMPTS

NAME: DATE:
Instructors: This is a list of possible prompts to assign as a unit writing quiz.
1 What gestures and body language do friends use with each other but not with strangers?
2 Choose a country you know well. Describe the nonverbal behavior that family members use with
each other.
3 What nonverbal greetings for hello and goodbye do people use in a country you know well?
Explain and give examples.
4 Describe the etiquette for classroom behavior in a country you know well.
5 Explain the etiquette for eating a meal in a country you know well.

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UNIT 3 VOCABULARY QUIZ SCORE: / 13

NAME: DATE:
Part A: Academic Vocabulary
Circle the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 Immigrants often struggle / reveal / identify to feel at home in their new country.
2 Ireland’s national concern / acceptance / identity became stronger when it gained independence from
Great Britain.
3 The statues in the national monument accept / reveal / struggle important people in the country’s
history.
4 Many countries are proud of their social / ethnic / acceptable programs, such as paid health care and
affordable education.
5 Some countries show great identity / struggle / concern for their poor by providing housing, food,
and work opportunities.
6 Singapore is proud of its many social / ethnic / acceptable groups, such as Chinese, Malaysian,
and Indian.
7 Many citizens of the United States think it is acceptable / ethnic / social for foreign residents to speak
their own language, as long as they learn English.
8 After Anthony lived in Switzerland for six months, he gained a better understanding of the country’s
concerns / values / struggles, such as peace, fairness, and punctuality.

Part B: Academic Collocations

Complete the sentences with the academic collocations in the box.

ethnic background ethnic groups national identity social class social values

1 Many Americans show their on the Fourth of July by displaying the

American flag.
2 In some countries, does not affect success. Even the poorest people can
become highly successful.
3 Freedom of speech and equality are important American .
4 Cubans, Haitians, and Bahamians are just some of the that live in Miami.
5 Michael has an interesting . His mother is part Filipino and part German,
and his father is African American.

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NAME: DATE:
Part A
Circle the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 The Great Wall of China is one of the great China / Chinese accomplishments.
2 One of the most relaxing / relaxed trips is to take a boat ride down Germany’s historic Rhine River.
3 Southern Italian / Italy is known for its pizza and pasta.
4 Most first-time visitors to the Grand Canyon in Arizona are amazing / amazed when they see one of
the U.S.’s most treasured natural sites .
5 The Mexican / Mexico holiday Cinco de Mayo is also celebrated in many communities in the
United States.
6 Since Debbie is interesting / interested in the theater, she plans to visit the Old Globe Theater when
she visits London next summer.
7 It was shocking / shocked for the visitors to see wild alligators up close in Florida’s Everglades National Park.
8 Australias / Australians are quite proud of the Great Barrier Reef that sits off their northeast coast.

Part B
Correct the seven mistakes in the paragraph. There is one mistake in each sentence.

(1) If you are interesting in seeing a historic American city, I recommend you visit Boston, Massachusetts.

(2) There are many excite things to do, such as walking along the historic Freedom Trail, visiting the Public

Garden, and taking a ride on the Swan Boats. (3) You’ll find that Boston has an international flair: the South

Boston neighborhood is an irish neighborhood, where you’ll find restaurants typical of that country. (4) If you

want Korea food, be sure to visit Allston Village. (5) Italy food is abundant in the city’s historic North End.

(6) Don’t be confusing by the city’s old streets – buy a local map and you will have no trouble getting

around. (7) Finally, the museums are not to be missed: the Museum of Fine Arts, the New England Aquarium,

and the Museum of Science are all fascinated.

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UNIT 3 AVOIDING PLAGIARISM QUIZ SCORE: / 15

NAME: DATE:
Part A
Check (✓) the information that is common knowledge.
1 Statistics about population
2 A description of your city’s neighborhoods
3 Holiday traditions
4 Government information about migration
5 A university professor’s research on your topic
6 Your opinion
7 Common historical facts
8 Common current topics of discussion

Part B
Why are the sentences below NOT common knowledge? Write R if the information is from research or
O if it another person’s opinion.
1 Professor Luis Garcia states that fewer Colombians are practicing Catholicism today.
2 Mardi Gras was first made a holiday in 1582.
3 The first Mardi Gras celebration in the U.S. happened on March 3, 1699.
4 Zhang Lu says there are many interesting multicultural celebrations in Beijing.
5 Guy Fawkes Day is a typical British holiday, according to a British history blog.
6 In 2013, there were 7.8 million immigrants in the United Kingdom, making it truly multicultural.
7 Every year, more that 6 million people go to Germany’s famous Oktoberfest.

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 UNIT 3 WRITING PROMPTS

NAME: DATE:
Instructors: This is a list of possible prompts to assign as a unit writing quiz.
1 Describe a coin or bill from a country you know well. Explain the meaning of the images, words,
or symbols on the currency.
2 Describe a famous painting or photograph from a country you know well.
3 Describe a tradition that your family celebrates. Describe how it symbolizes your family’s social,
national, or cultural values.
4 Think of a country’s national flag. Describe the shape, design, and colors of the flag. Explain how
it symbolizes the country’s national identity.
5 Describe a famous monument or a statue in a country you know well. Explain what it looks like
and what it symbolizes.

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UNIT 4 VOCABULARY QUIZ SCORE: / 11

NAME: DATE:
Part A: Academic Vocabulary
Circle the correct words to complete the paragraph.

Casual Friday is a day when office workers can wear less formal clothes than usual. They do not have to

wear suits and dresses. Usually the company has more habit / control / conflict over what employees wear,
(1)
but on Fridays employees have more choice. However, Casual Fridays can sometimes be a problem. Some

employees do not understand the company conflicts / controls / policies about Casual Friday. They wear
(2)
clothes that are too informal, such as shorts and jeans. They cannot request / behave / distinguish
(3)
between appropriate and inappropriate clothes. Some companies don’t want casual clothes to become

a control / habit / request. They are afraid employees will wear jeans all week instead of just on Fridays.
(4)
In addition, some employees distinguish / behave / encourage too casually on Casual Fridays. They take
(5)
long lunches or leave early and do not do much work. If employees want to leave early on Friday, they need

to request / distinguish / behave time off. If a company needs employees to work but they leave early,
(6)
it can lead to a control / conflict / policy. Most often, however, employees follow the rules because
(7)
they know that Casual Friday rewards workers. The policy encourages / behaves / distinguishes employees
(8)
to stay with the company.

Part B: Academic Phrases

Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the academic phrases in the box.

a kind of in other words be related to

“Water-cooler talk” is workplace conversation about office news and gossip.

(1)
This kind of conversation “small talk,” that is, conversation about the weather,
(2)
sports, or news, because they are both informal. In addition, water-cooler talk often includes topics about

people’s personal lives. , people talk about their families and social lives.
(3)

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NAME: DATE:
Part A
Label the underlined nouns and pronouns in each sentence CS (count-singular), CP (count-plural),
or NC (noncount).

1 A good manager offers employees a lot of encouragement.

2 Many companies provide information about their benefits on an internal website.

3 Professional behavior is expected at the office, but at office parties employees can relax.

4 My boss is strict about etiquette in work-related emails.

5 Stefano was happy to share his knowledge about the organization with the new employee.

6 Open communication is necessary if you want to work well with your colleagues.

Part B
Circle the correct words or phrases to complete the sentences.
1 Our new manager is very good at providing encouragement / encouragements to new employees.
2 It’s a good idea / good idea to stay informed about one’s field of work.
3 Even if employees get angry at their boss, they must show control / a control in their emotions at work.
4 Many / Much education is necessary to become a lawyer or doctor.
5 A lot of information are / is available on how to use the latest technology at work.
6 The accounting manager eats lunch with colleague / a colleague in the company’s cafeteria every day.

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UNIT 4 AVOIDING PLAGIARISM QUIZ SCORE: /8

NAME: DATE:
Part A
Check (✓) the good sources to use in a paragraph about communication skills at work.
1 an article by a professor in a university’s business program
2 a New York Times article on successful communication strategies
3 a talk with a friend who works at another company
4 a blog written by a business manager
5 a government journal on recent workplace policies

Part B
Read each scenario. Circle the source the student should use.
1 Kim wants to write a paragraph on what it means to be a good leader. She should use information from:
a an article from the website become-a-leader.com.
b a Harvard Business School case study on leadership.
2 Cameron is writing a paragraph on the definition of responsibility at work. He should use information from:
a an article from the City of San Francisco’s business administration department.
b an informal handbook written by an employee of a large company.
3 Stefan wants to write a paragraph on balancing family and work life. He should use information from:
a a newsletter by women who stay at home to care for children.
b a Pew Research Center study on the effects working parents have on children.

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 UNIT 4 WRITING PROMPTS

NAME: DATE:
Instructors: This is a list of possible prompts to assign as a unit writing quiz.
1 Write a definition of success from your point of view. Give examples.
2 Write a definition of cooperation. What does it mean in the workplace of a country you know well?
Give examples.
3 The expression “the early bird catches the worm” means that if a person does a task immediately,
he or she will succeed. Explain how this expression applies to the workplace.
4 What is your definition of a good boss? Explain.
5 Define responsibility. Explain how it applies to both employers and employees.

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UNIT 5 VOCABULARY QUIZ SCORE: / 13

NAME: DATE:
Part A: Academic Vocabulary
Circle the correct words to complete the paragraph.

Creativity is an important range / concept / exploration in our society. In fact, there is a clear
(1)
need for humans to create / motivate / range art, movies, and books. We also always need people to
(2)
motivate / relate / design new consumer items such as furniture and clothing. However, I think it is
(3)
a bad idea to have more TV programs about the arts. These programs lose money. Earning big profits

explores / motivates / designs most television channels to stay away from arts programming. They cannot
(4)
show a program unless it is capable / relevant / explored of making money from advertisements. They can
(5)
only show programs that a lot of people will want to watch. In the past, TV station staff have done research

on their viewers to concept / explore / range ideas for new programs. They learned that TV viewers are
(6)
only interested in a small range / concept / capability of shows: sitcoms, dramas, reality shows, and sports.
(7)
Programs about painting, opera, or ballet are not capable / designed / relevant to them. In sum, we cannot
(8)
expect TV stations to spend money on programs that will not be popular.

Part B: Academic Collocations

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the academic collocations in the box.

basic concept capable of expressing explore the possibility main motivation a wide range of

Artists usually do not earn much money. Therefore, they should of using
(1)
their art in other professions. Everyone knows the saying, “Money does not buy happiness.” This is a
that we all understand. It means that if your in life is to
(2) (3)
be rich, you might achieve that goal; however, you still may not be very happy. However, people must still

make enough money to live. Luckily, there is jobs for artists in advertising, movie
(4)
production design, webpage design, and book illustration. Artists who are their
(5)
creative ideas would do especially well in any of these jobs. In fact, artists who choose one of these careers

can be creative and have enough money to live.

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 UNIT 5 GRAMMAR QUIZ SCORE: / 13

NAME: DATE:
Part A
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the word in parentheses.

1 After Anjali finished her art program in high school, she reached the that she
(conclude)
wanted to major in art therapy.

2 Design thinking, or using to solve problems, is a new educational approach in

(create)
many schools today.

3 Judith was happy about her when the audience cheered loudly.
(perform)
4 The dance students learned the new, exciting dance routine.
(happy)
5 Some schools have shown the of teaching art in school by offering art classes
(important)
to parents, too.

6 The teachers played an role in helping their students think creatively.

(active)

Part B
Correct the mistakes in the paragraph. There is one mistake in each sentence.

(1) Parents should encourage their children to draw and paint at home because they will see the differance

in their children’s performance at school. (2) Creative can help children think clearly, therefore do better

in their classes. (3) Self-confidance is another benefit of encouraging the arts at home because children

generally feel good about their creations. (4) In addition, if they see their own artwork on display, it can be

a powerfull way to make them feel confident. (5) This is especialy true for shy children. (6) Final, one of the

best benefits is that parents can create art along with their children. (7) This can make a big different in how

children feel about art.

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UNIT 5 AVOIDING PLAGIARISM QUIZ SCORE: /5

NAME: DATE:
Part A
Read the original quote. Then match each student citation with the citation strategy that
the student used.
Original Quote:
“A current observation in the field of arts education is there are two overall trends, both powerful and
yet contradictory. On the one hand, arts educators are struggling to maintain their tenuous foothold
in the classroom in the wake of the movement for higher academic standards in other subjects, testing
requirements, and budget cuts. On the other hand, there is a growing and compelling body of research
illustrating the benefits of arts education for students and schools …”
Source: “Education Leaders Institute Alumni Summit Report.” National Endowment for the Arts.
April 2014. p. 3. Web. 4 May 2015.

Student Citation Citation Strategy

1 According to the Education Leaders Institute Alumni Summit a The student put the author’s
Report of the National Endowment of the Arts, there are exact words in quotation marks.
currently two trends in art education. In one, art teachers b The student put the author’s
are competing with smaller budgets. In the other arts ideas in his own words and
education is shown to have many benefits on students. (3). used the author’s name in the
2 Arts education is divided into two groups nowadays: one sentence with a signal phrase
favors arts in schools, and the other favors giving more (an in-text citation).
money to other academic programs. (National Endowment c The student put the author’s
for the Arts ELI Summit Report 3). ideas in her own words and
3 In the recent National Endowment for the Arts Education cited the author’s name at the
Leaders Institute Report, “On the other hand, there is a end of the sentence.
growing and compelling body of research illustrating the
benefits of arts education for students and schools …” (3).

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Part B
Read the original passage and a paragraph from a student’s essay. Check (✓) the two citation strategies
the student used.
Original Passage:
“The internet and social media are integral to the arts in America. A survey of arts organizations that have
received grants from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) finds that technology use permeates these
organizations, their marketing and education efforts, and even their performance offerings. Moreover, many
organizations are using the internet and social media to expand the number of online performances and
exhibits, grow their audience, sell tickets, and raise funds online, while allowing patrons to share content,
leave comments, and even post their own content on organizations’ sites.”
Source: Thomas, Kristin, et al. “Arts Organizations and Digital Technologies.” Pew Research Center. 4 Jan 2013.
Web. 4 May 2015.

Paragraph from Student’s Essay:

Many think the arts and technology are not able to work together. They seem to come from opposite
places – organic creativity, and industrial-age innovation. However, according to Kristin Thomas, in her article
“Arts Organizations and Digital Technologies,” arts organizations indeed use technology in education and
marketing. In fact, the author states, “many organizations are using the internet and social media to expand
the number of online performances and exhibits, grow their audience, sell tickets, and raise funds online,
while allowing patrons to share content, leave comments, and even post their own content on organizations’
sites (1).” It seems clear that arts and technology are indeed naturally connected.
1 The student put the author’s exact words in quotation marks.
2 The student put the author’s ideas in his own words and used the author’s name in the sentence with a
signal phrase (an in-text citation).
3 The student put the author’s ideas in his own words and cited the author’s name at the end of
the sentence.

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UNIT 5 WRITING PROMPTS

NAME: DATE:
Instructors: This is a list of possible prompts to assign as a unit writing quiz.
1 Do you think community colleges should offer free art classes to adults? Explain.
2 Because of limited money, some high schools have stopped offering arts classes so they can have more
academic classes such as math and science. Do you agree or disagree with this decision? Explain.
3 Should art museums charge entrance fees or allow people to enter for free? Explain.
4 Is it important to expose young children to art in school? Explain.
5 Some communities have street fairs showing local artists’ work. They close city streets to have these fairs.
Do you think these fairs should occur in the street or elsewhere? Explain.

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 UNIT 6 VOCABULARY QUIZ SCORE: / 11

NAME: DATE:
Part A: Academic Vocabulary
Circle the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 In Spain, it is medical / conditional / traditional to eat 12 grapes at midnight on New Year’s Eve for
good luck.
2 Some very old food customs are still an important part of contemporary / medical / conditional
life today.
3 One condition / approach / medicine to losing weight is to eat until you are no longer hungry,
but not full.
4 Some people believe that chicken soup is as good as medicine / treatment / approach for fighting colds.
5 Some societies believe a special kind of tea can approach / condition / treat serious illnesses.
6 If a person has a condition / medicine / treatment such as an allergy, he or she cannot eat certain foods.
7 People with food allergies must treat / medicate / eliminate the problem foods from their diets.
8 People who eliminate / suffer / treat from high blood pressure or heart disease have to be extremely
careful about the amount of salt in restaurant food.

Part B: Academic Phrases

Complete the paragraph with the academic phrases in the box.

appears to be it is possible a variety of

In family farms in the U.S., most of the work is done by the owners and their children or relatives.

These small farms produce food, including corn, eggs, milk, fruit, and vegetables.
(1)
The families often sell this food to local customers. If you live in a city, to buy food
(2)
from family farms by shopping at farmers’ markets – small markets that sell food from local farms. In recent

years, it has become more difficult for a small family farm to succeed. As a result, the number of family farms

in the U.S. decreasing.

(3)

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NAME: DATE:
Part A
Complete the sentences with the simple present or present progressive form of the verb in parentheses.

1 Recipe websites even the worst cooks good ideas for meals.
(give)
2 Tara only natural foods for three weeks because she is on a special diet.
(eat)
3 Most supermarkets nowadays organic produce.
(have)
4 Some people sugar from their diet now because they think it is unhealthy.
(eliminate)
5 Even though tofu plain, it is delicious when spices are added.
(taste)
6 Marco and Rosa fruit and vegetables at farmer’s market today.
(sell)
7 Professor Martin of teaching a course in nutrition and mental health
(think)
next semester.

8 The Eden Café both vegetarian and non-vegetarian food every day.
(serve)

Part B
Circle the correct words or phrases to complete the paragraph.

Food waste is a growing problem in the United States. It comes / is coming from three main sources.
(1)
First, supermarkets throw / are throwing away perfectly good food every day. For example, if cans are
(2)
slightly damaged, a supermarket will throw them away. Another source of food waste is from restaurants.

Often restaurants buy / are buying food that they don’t cook so the food is wasted. The third main source of
(3)
food waste is from consumers. When people buy food, they usually plan to eat it. However, they often

toss / are tossing it in the garbage if they don’t eat it right away. Now, many communities try / are trying
(4) (5)
to find a way to stop food waste. In fact, some communities seem / are seeming ready to solve this
(6)
problem. For example, this month my community organizes / is organizing a food drive for the homeless.
(7)
Many people believe / are believing if their communities organize similar events, food waste can be a thing
(8)
of the past.

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 UNIT 6 AVOIDING PLAGIARISM QUIZ SCORE: /6

NAME: DATE:
Part A
Read each in-text citation for information from a printed source. Circle the letter of the missing
information.
1 Food expert Shea McGrath recommends that people support their local farmers to improve both their
health and the local economy.
a date
b author’s name
c page number
2 “Good food can be both healthy and enjoyable to eat.” (76).
a author’s name
b page number
c publisher
3 In his book, he states that visiting the weekly farmers’ market can also lead to a stronger sense of
community because it makes neighborhood residents feel good about where they live. (92).
a signal phrase
b author’s name
c page number

Part B
Read the works-cited entries for printed sources. Circle the letter of the error in each entry.
1 Book:
Gillian Crowther. Eating Culture: An Anthropological Guide to Food. Toronto: University of Toronto Press,
2013. Print.
a The title of the book should be in quotes.
b The author’s last name should appear first.
c The name of the publisher should appear before the city.
2 Magazine:
Shockey, Kristin. “Eat More Kraut.” Taproot Magazine. 2014: 45. Print.
a The title of the article should be italicized.
b The page number should not be included.
c The date should include the month, day, and year.
3 Newspaper:
Druckerman, Pamela. “Eat Up. You’ll Be Happier.” The New York Times. 23 April 2015: A27. Print.
a The title of the article should be italicized.
b The author’s full name should be listed.
c The page number should not be included.

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UNIT 6 WRITING PROMPTS

NAME: DATE:
Instructors: This is a list of possible prompts to assign as a unit writing quiz.
1 Most people eat daily meals of breakfast, lunch, and dinner. What are typical daily meals in a country you
know well?
2 Think of three regions in a country you know well. Explain the different types of food found in each region.
3 What three changes in diet can people make to improve their mental health?
4 What three healthy eating habits can help people lose weight?
5 What three types of food should people avoid in order to stay healthy?

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 UNIT 7 VOCABULARY QUIZ SCORE: / 13

NAME: DATE:
Part A: Academic Vocabulary
Circle the correct words to complete the paragraph.

When you want to find a community-service opportunity, start by brainstorming. For example,

think about how you want to recover / provide / assist people in your community. You could begin by
(1)
making a list of ideas. Then review that list and focus on your required / primary / voluntary concerns.
(2)
Focusing on the people or issues that are most important will help you commit to doing community

service. This commitment / recovery / assistance will make certain that you are dedicated to your
(3)
community service. You are more likely to become a volunteer / an organization / a requirement
(4)
when the cause is important to you. Once you have identified a cause to focus on, you can search for a

group to work with. Every community has numerous organizations / requirements / commitments
(5)
that support various people or needs in the community. To find one in your community, use the

Internet to search for groups that assist / provide / recover help. Some organizations have skill or age
(6)
requirements / assistance / commitments for volunteers. Others may not ask for volunteers to have any
(7)
experience or other qualifications. For example, the American Red Cross describes many opportunities to

help provide / recover / require from natural disasters, and most volunteers do not need any special skills.
(8)
By following these steps, you will find volunteer opportunities in your community.

Part B: Academic Collocations

Complete the paragraph with the correct academic collocations in the box.

make a commitment primary goal provide information meet the requirement provide support

People interested in volunteering at the hospital should complete the following steps. First, volunteers
must of being 16 or older. Also, all new volunteers need to attend training.
(1)
At this training, hospital staff will about volunteer responsibilities. Next, the hospital
(2)
needs each volunteer to bring a doctor’s note to prove good health. The of the
(3)
hospital is to help patients have good health, so all volunteers must be healthy. Then the hospital asks all

volunteers to to help all patients equally, because the hospital’s goal is to assist all
(4)
people. The final step in the volunteer process is to meet with the volunteer manager. This person will match

volunteers to their jobs and for volunteers who need help or have questions.
(5)
After they complete these steps, people can begin volunteering at the hospital within a couple of weeks.

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UNIT 7 GRAMMAR QUIZ SCORE: /9

NAME: DATE:
Part A
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrasal verbs in the box.

count on fill out find out hand out log on sign up

1 The city’s unemployed residents can the job-fair organization to help them find good jobs.
2 Yvonne successfully thirty job-fair volunteers who will start tomorrow.
3 This organization helps unemployed people what jobs are available.
4 At the job fair, volunteers information cards so people know who to call with questions.
5 Other volunteers show people how to to job-search websites.
6 Some volunteers help adults job applications correctly.

Part B
Replace the underlined verb in each sentence with the correct phrasal verb in the box.
Use the correct form.

fill out find out sign up

1 The food bank requires volunteers to complete an application before they can start work.
2 When the local high school students learned about the opening of the food bank, they rushed over
there to help.
3 So many volunteers agreed to help at the food bank that the manager had to tell some to go home.

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 UNIT 7 AVOIDING PLAGIARISM QUIZ SCORE: /8

NAME: DATE:
Part A
Four students are writing citations for online sources. What should they do in each situation?
Circle the answer.
In-text Citations
1 Kara is writing an essay on service learning. In one of her online sources, the page number is missing.
What should she do in her in-text citation?
a Do not include the page number.
b Write “npn” (no page number).
2 For his paper on community-service projects in schools, Marco is using a source from a government
website. However, the author’s name is missing from the document. What should he do?
a Write “no author.”
b Include website or article name instead of author name.
Works Cited
3 Sergei is writing a paper on recent trends in volunteerism. One of his sources doesn’t list an author.
How should he begin his citation in his works-cited page?
a Begin with the name of the website or the article.
b Begin with the publication date.
4 For Amanda’s essay on donating blood, she found an article on a nonprofit organization’s website.
However, the source doesn’t contain a date. How should she cite it on her works-cited page?
a Write “n.d.” (no date).
b Write only the date of access.

Part B
Read each citation. Circle the letter of the unavailable information.
In-text Citations
1 According to Keith Adams, service learning can benefit those who receive the help, but it also benefits
those giving it in many ways. He says that most volunteers respond so positively to service, that they
usually continue to volunteer throughout their lives (Adams).
a author b page number
2 According to the volunteersusa.org website, volunteering only a few times per year can make a difference
in the lives of everyone in the community.
a date of publication b author
Works Cited
3 Hristov, Ivan. “How Can Service-Learning Make a Change?” Peace Corps. n.d. Web. 30 April 2015.
a date of publication b date retrieved
4 “A Call to Arts.” Corporation for National and Community Service. 20 March 2015. Web. 30 April 2015.
a page number b author

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UNIT 7 WRITING PROMPTS

NAME: DATE:
Instructors: This is a list of possible prompts to assign as a unit writing quiz.
1 What steps can you take to organize a clothing drive to help homeless people in your community?
2 What is the process to find and sign up to help a volunteer organization in your community?
3 A cleanup is an event where volunteers remove garbage from a public place. What steps would you
take to organize a cleanup in your neighborhood, local park, or beach?
4 Explain the steps needed to set up a community-service project at your school.
5 A fundraiser is an event to collect money for charity. What process do you need to follow to organize
a fundraiser to help needy children?

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 UNIT 8 VOCABULARY QUIZ SCORE: / 11

NAME: DATE:
Part A: Academic Vocabulary
Circle the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 When researching car features and prices, people can find information from hundreds of knowledgeable
car payments / experts / credits online.
2 One challenge / income / expert of shopping for clothes online is that customers cannot try on the
clothes before they buy them.
3 Some stores allow customers to make monthly accounts / payments / debt for the products they buy
instead of giving them the whole amount at once.
4 In order to get a loan to buy a car, you must have enough accounts / income / credit from your job to
pay the loan back.
5 If you return products to most stores, they usually offer either cash or credit / payment / finance toward
another purchase.
6 Some parents open savings experts / accounts / payments for their children to teach them about money.
7 One way to avoid debt / income / accounts is to only buy what you can afford.
8 You can learn how to manage your finances / challenges / experts by meeting with a financial advisor.

Part B: Academic Phrases

Complete the paragraph with the academic phrases in the box.

compared to it is clear that such as

Buying things online is a very different shopping experience buying things in a

(1)
store. For example, customers can do many things in person, trying on clothes or
(2)
test driving cars, which they cannot do online. However, the online environment allows shoppers to research

all the information they need about the cost, features, and problems of a product.
(3)
there are advantages and disadvantages to shopping online and in stores. For this reason, businesses should

try to offer both options to attract as many customers as possible.

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UNIT 8 GRAMMAR QUIZ SCORE: / 14

NAME: DATE:
Part A
Circle the correct comparative forms to complete the sentences.
1 Some people think buying clothing online is more good / gooder / better than buying it in a store
because they can try on the clothes at home.
2 Some prefer buying clothing in stores because it is convenienter / more convenienter / more convenient
than waiting for clothes to arrive in the mail.
3 Paying bills online is faster / fast / more faster than writing checks and mailing them.
4 With online banking, it is easyer / more easy / easier to check your bank balance than it used to be.
5 The price of jeans at City Discount Market is lower / more low / low than at Chantal’s Boutique.
6 For shop owners, credit-card purchases are expensive / more expensive / expensiver than cash purchases.
This is because they need to pay the credit company a fee.
7 Gas prices in the Midwestern U.S. are not high / not as high as / not higher as on the East Coast.
8 Often teens who work are dependent / less dependent / less dependenter on their parents for
spending money than those who don’t.

Part B
Correct the mistakes in the sentences.

1 Online colleges are now offering more cheap classes than traditional colleges.

2 It is more important to make sure you can afford whatever you choose to buy.

3 A credit card with a low interest rate is better that one with a high interest rate.

4 Department stores are usually busyier during sales.

5 Buying books online is becoming commoner than buying them in bookstores.

6 The interest rate at my new bank is more higher than at my old bank.

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 UNIT 8 AVOIDING PLAGIARISM QUIZ SCORE: /7

NAME: DATE:
Part A
Check (✓) the things students should do to write good paraphrases.
1 Use the same language as the original author. 5 Change words or phrases to synonyms.
2 Change the order of the words. 6 Change the meaning.
3 Use quotation marks. 7 Use different word forms.
4 Change a quote to indirect speech.

Part B
Read the quotations and paraphrases. There is a problem with each paraphrase. Circle the letter of
the problem.
1 Quotation:
“After running up record debt-to-income ratios during the bubble economy of the 2000s, young
adults shed substantially more debt than older adults did during the Great Recession and its immediate
aftermath—mainly by virtue of owning fewer houses and cars, according to a new Pew Research Center
analysis of Federal Reserve Board and other government data.”
Source: Fry, Richard. “Young Adults After the Recession: Fewer Homes, Fewer Cars, Less Debt.” Pew Research Center. 2 Feb 2013.
Web. 4 May 2015.
Paraphrase:
According to Richard Fry in “Young Adults After the Recession: Fewer Homes, Fewer Cars, Less Debt,”
young adults owed more than they made in the early 2000s. After, they shed substantially more debt than
older adults did during the Great Recession and its immediate aftermath—mainly by virtue of owning
fewer houses and cars.
Problem:
a The writer used the original writer’s exact words.

b The writer did not include the source.

2 Quotation:
“Second-generation Americans – the 20 million adult U.S.-born children of immigrants – are substantially
better off than immigrants themselves on key measures of socioeconomic attainment, according to a new
Pew Research Center analysis of U.S. Census Bureau data. They have higher incomes; more are college
graduates and homeowners; and fewer live in poverty. In all of these measures, their characteristics
resemble those of the full U.S. adult population.”
Source: Taylor, Paul. “Second Generation Americans: A Portrait of Adult Children of Immigrants. Overview.”
Pew Research Center. 7 Feb 2013. Web. 4 May 2015.
Paraphrase:
American adults born of immigrants are better off than their parents. More of these second-generation adults
have graduated from college, they own more homes, and they have higher earnings than their parents.
Problem:
a The writer used the original author’s exact words.

b The writer did not include the source.

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UNIT 8 AVOIDING PLAGIARISM QUIZ

3 Quotation:
“About four-in-ten U.S. households (37%) headed by an adult younger than 40 currently have some
student debt – the highest share on record, with the median outstanding student debt load standing at
about $13,000.”
Source: Fry, Richard. “Young Adults, Student Debt and Economic Well-Being.” Pew Research Center. 14 May 2014.
Web. 30 April 2015.
Paraphrase:
According to Richard Fry of the Pew Research Center, thirty-seven percent of U.S. households have student
debt of up to $13,000.
Problem:
a The writer used the original author’s exact words.

b The writer changed the meaning of the original author’s words.

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 UNIT 8 WRITING PROMPTS

NAME: DATE:
Instructors: This is a list of possible prompts to assign as a unit writing quiz.
1 The cost of college tuition, textbooks, and living expenses can differ from country to country.
Compare the cost of attending college in two countries you know well.
2 Compare the price, quality, and availability of handmade goods, such as pottery, hand-sewn bags,
and hand-knit hats and scarves, to factory-made items.
3 Compare buying print newspaper and magazine subscriptions with buying online subscriptions.
4 Compare the spending habits of people in two different age groups (for example, people in their teens
and people in their twenties or young adults and seniors).
5 Compare the cost of living (for example, housing, food, transportation) in two cities you know well.

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UNIT QUIZZES ANSWER KEY 2 Creativity means making new or original
ideas or things. This method is encouraged in
schools to promote original, individual thinking.
Students will be able to use new approaches
UNIT 1 to problem solving. This is very helpful when
they learn about a variety of subjects including
Unit 1 Vocabulary science, technology, and the arts.

Part A
1 master 5 sharpen UNIT 2
2 critical 6 ability
3 attention 7 technique Unit 2 Vocabulary
4 memorize 8 mental
Part A
Part B 1 respectful 5 communicate
1 pay attention 4 memory loss 2 avoid 6 custom
2 attention spans 5 mental health 3 regard 7 cultures
3 learning technique 4 interpret 8 brief

Part B
Unit 1 Grammar
1 a number of 3 Another
Part A 2 One of the
1 because 4 While
2 Although 5 even though Unit 2 Grammar
3 since 6 because
Part A
Part B 1 some 4 number of
Although 2 few of 5 little
1 Althought teenagers can be moody, their
3 a few 6 a large amount of
behavior usually improves as they get older.
2 Reading an enjoyable book before bed is Part B
a
healthy, because it relaxes you. 1 Most Americans try to leave little space
^
3 Even though Professor Lu never gives us between themselves and strangers.
, amount
homework on weekends to relieve our stress. 2 Today there is a large number of online

I usually study anyway. communication across cultures.

since the
4 I am thinking more clearly. Since I began to do 3 Few of residents of San Francisco have never
^
challenging crossword puzzles. been to the city’s famous Chinatown.

5 Although it’s a good idea to avoid a lot of 4 People who are moving to a new country can
of
caffeine, and some people say it helps them learn about the culture by reading a lot books.
A little ^
stay alert. 5 Little gesture such as a smile can help people
make friends in a new culture.
Unit 1 Avoiding Plagiarism
Unit 2 Avoiding Plagiarism
Part A
1 c 2 a 3 b
1 b 2 a

Part B
1 Creativity, or the ability to think of new ideas or
make something original or innovative, is used
in schools. Students can learn to solve problems
in a fun way, not only in art classes but also in
science and technology classes.

UNIT QUIZZES ANSWER KEY 75

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 Part B
UNIT 3 1 O 3 R 5 O 7 R
2 R 4 O 6 R
Unit 3 Vocabulary
Part A UNIT 4
1 struggle 5 concern
2 identity 6 ethnic
Unit 4 Vocabulary
3 reveal 7 acceptable
4 social 8 values Part A
1 control 5 behave
Part B 2 policies 6 request
1 national identity 4 ethnic groups
3 distinguish 7 conflict
2 social class 5 ethnic background
4 habit 8 encourages
3 social values
Part B
Unit 3 Grammar 1 a kind of 3 In other words
2 is related to
Part A
1 Chinese 5 Mexican
Unit 4 Grammar
2 relaxing 6 interested
3 Italy 7 shocking Part A
4 amazed 8 Australians CS CP
1 A good manager offers employees a lot of
Part B NC
encouragement.
interested
(1) If you are interesting in seeing a historic CP NC
2 Many companies provide information about
American city, I recommend you visit Boston, CP CS
exciting their benefits on an internal website.
Massachusetts. (2) There are many excite things CS CS
to do, such as walking along the historic Freedom 3 Professional behavior is expected at the office,
CP CP
Trail, visiting the Public Garden, and taking a ride but at office parties employees can relax.
CS NC
on the Swan Boats. (3) You’ll find that Boston 4 My boss is strict about etiquette in work-related
has an international flair: the South Boston CP
Irish emails.
neighborhood is an irish neighborhood, where CS NC
5 Stefano was happy to share his knowledge
you’ll find restaurants typical of that country. CS CS
Korean about the organization with the new employee.
(4) If you want Korea food, be sure to visit Allston NC CS
Italian 6 Open communication is necessary if you want
Village. (5) Italy food is abundant in the city’s
confused CP
historic North End. (6) Don’t be confusing by the to work well with your colleagues.
city’s old streets – buy a local map and you will Part B
have no trouble getting around. (7) Finally, the 1 encouragement 4 Much
2 a good idea 5 is
museums are not to be missed: the Museum of
3 control 6 a colleague
Fine Arts, the New England Aquarium, and the
fascinating
Museum of Science are all fascinated. Unit 4 Avoiding Plagiarism
Part A
Unit 3 Avoiding Plagiarism
Check: 1, 2, 5
Part A
Part B
Check: 2, 3, 6, 7, 8
1 b 2 a 3 b

76 UNIT QUIZZES ANSWER KEY

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 UNIT 5 UNIT 6

Unit 5 Vocabulary Unit 6 Vocabulary

Part A Part A
1 concept 5 capable 1 traditional 5 treat
2 create 6 explore 2 contemporary 6 condition
3 design 7 range 3 approach 7 eliminate
4 motivates 8 relevant 4 medicine 8 suffer

Part B Part B
1 explore the 4 a wide range of 1 a variety of 3 appears to be
possibility 5 capable of 2 it is possible
2 basic concept expressing
3 main motivation Unit 6 Grammar

Unit 5 Grammar Part A

1 give 5 tastes
Part A 2 is eating 6 are selling
1 conclusion 4 happily 3 have 7 is thinking
2 creativity 5 importance 4 are eliminating 8 serves
3 performance 6 active
Part B
Part B 1 comes 5 are trying
(1) Parents should encourage their children 2 are throwing 6 seem
3 buy 7 is organizing
to draw and paint at home because they will see
difference 4 toss 8 believe
the differance in their children’s performance
Creativity Unit 6 Avoiding Plagiarism
at school. (2) Creative can help children think
clearly, therefore do better in their classes. Part A
Self-confidence 1 c 2 a 3 b
(3) Self-confidance is another benefit of
encouraging the arts at home because children Part B
generally feel good about their creations. 1 b 2 c 3 c

(4) In addition, if they see their own artwork on

powerful UNIT 7
display, it can be a powerfull way to make them
especially
feel confident. (5) This is especialy true for shy
Finally Unit 7 Vocabulary
children. (6) Final, one of the best benefits is that
Part A
parents can create art along with their children.
difference 1 assist 5 organizations
(7) This can make a big different in how children 2 primary 6 provide
feel about art. 3 commitment 7 requirements
4 a volunteer 8 recover
Unit 5 Avoiding Plagiarism
Part B
Part A 1 meet the requirement
1 b 2 c 3 a 2 provide information
3 primary goal
Part B
4 make a commitment
Check: 1, 2
5 provide support

UNIT QUIZZES ANSWER KEY 77

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 Unit 7 Grammar Part B
cheaper
Part A 1 Online colleges are now offering more cheap
1 count on 4 hand out classes than traditional colleges.
2 signed up 5 log on 2 It is more important to make sure you can
3 find out 6 fill out
afford whatever you choose to buy.
Part B 3 A credit card with a low interest rate is better
fill out than
1 The food bank requires volunteers to complete that one with a high interest rate.
an application before they can start work.
busier
4 Department stores are usually busyier during
found out
2 When the local high school students learned sales.
about the opening of the food bank, they
more common
5 Buying books online is becoming commoner
rushed over there to help. than buying them in bookstores.
signed up
3 So many volunteers agreed to help at the 6 The interest rate at my new bank is more higher
food bank that the manager had to tell some than at my old bank.
to go home.
Unit 8 Avoiding Plagiarism
Unit 7 Avoiding Plagiarism
Part A
Part A Check: 2, 4, 5, 7
1 a 2 b 3 a 4 a
Part B
Part B 1 a 2 b 3 b
1 b 2 b 3 a 4 b

UNIT 8

Unit 8 Vocabulary
Part A
1 experts 5 credit
2 challenge 6 accounts
3 payments 7 debt
4 income 8 finances

Part B
1 compared to
2 such as
3 It is clear that

Unit 8 Grammar
Part A
1 better 5 lower
2 more convenient 6 more expensive
3 faster 7 not as high as
4 easier 8 less dependent

78 UNIT QUIZZES ANSWER KEY

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 UNIT QUIZZES WRITING RUBRIC
Final Draft Writing Assignment Rubric

CATEGORY CRITERIA SCORE

Language Use Grammar and vocabulary are accurate, appropriate, and varied.
Sentence types are varied and used appropriately.
Level of formality (register) shows a good understanding of audience
and purpose.
Mechanics (capitalization, punctuation, indentation, and spelling)
are strong.
Organization Writing is well organized and follows the conventions of academic writing:
& Mode • Paragraph – topic sentence, supporting details, concluding sentence
(structure) • Essay – introduction with thesis, body paragraphs, conclusion
Rhetorical mode is used correctly and appropriately.
Research is clearly and correctly integrated into student writing
(if applicable).
Coherence, Sentences within a paragraph flow logically with appropriate transitions;
Clarity, & Unity paragraphs within an essay flow logically with appropriate transitions.
Sentences and ideas are clear and make sense to the reader.
All sentences in a paragraph relate to the topic sentence; all paragraphs
in an essay relate to the thesis.
Content & Writing completes the task and fully answers the prompt.
Development Content is meaningful and interesting.
(meaning) Main points and ideas are fully developed with good support and logic.

How well does the response meet the criteria? Recommended Score
At least 90% 25
At least 80% 20
At least 70% 15
At least 60% 10
At least 50% 5
Less than 50% 0

Total Score Possible per Section 25

Total Score Possible 100

Feedback:

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