DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN E-REPOSITORY APP FOR

STUDENTS PROJECTS DOCUMENTATION

(CASE STUDY: TRINITY UNIVERSITY, LAGOS NIGERIA)

A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF THE

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN THE
FACULTY OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCE, TRINITY UNIVERITY,
SABO LAGOS STATE

BY

UMOREN ALBERT
2001110031

IN

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF (B.SC) COMPUTER SCIENCE

JULY, 2024
 CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that this project titled “DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF

AN E-REPOSITORY APP FOR STUDENTS PROJECTS
DOCUMENTATION” is a verified work written and carried out by Umoren Albert
Saviour (2001110031) in the Department of Computer and Information Sciences,
Faculty of Basic Medical and Applied Sciences, Trinity University, Sabo, Lagos State,
Nigeria, under the supervision of Dr. Kayode Aderinsola E. This study has been
examined and found acceptable as part of the requirement for the award of Bachelor
of Science (B.Sc) in Computer Science

…..………………
Umoren Albert Signature & Date
(Student)

…………………………. ………………
……
Dr. Kayode Aderinsola E. Signature & Date
(Project Supervisor)

…………………………. ……………………
Dr. Kayode Adrerinsola E. Signature & Date
(Ag. HOD, Computer and Information Sciences)

ii
 DEDICATION

To those who value online operations and to my fellow computer science students
both men and women who are connecting the world, making life more convenient.
This project work is also dedicated to my parents Mr. Umoren Saviour and Mrs.
Umoren Abigail for their support, financial needs and words of encouragements and
to God.

iii
 DECLARATION

I, Umoren, Albert Saviour (2001110031) declare that this research was carried out
by me under the supervision of Dr. Kayode Aderinsola, Department of Computer
Science Faculty of Basic Medical and Applied Sciences, Trinity University, Yaba,
Lagos State, Nigeria. I attest that the research has not been presented either wholly or
partially for the award of any degree elsewhere. All sources of data and scholarly
information used in this research are duly acknowledged.

………………………
UMOREN ALBERT DATE

iv
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Writing this project has been an incredible learning experience, and I am deeply
grateful for the support and encouragement of those who helped me along the way.
Firstly, I would like to thank my supervisor Dr. Kayode Aderinsola E., for her
guidance and feedback throughout this project. Her insights and suggestions have
been invaluable in shaping my work.
I would also like to thank my family and friends for their encouragement and support.
Finally, I would like to thank all the authors, researchers, and scholars whose work I
have consulted and cited in this project. Their contributions to the field have been
instrumental in shaping my understanding and analysis.
Thank you all for your support and guidance throughout this project. I am truly
grateful for your contributions to my work.

v
 ABSTRACT
As the education sector grows, it must be utilized to the fullest extent possible. In
order to enable students to access materials posted by 400 level students that will be
easily accessible to classes that will graduate in the future, this project proposes a web
application for storing and retrieving project resources. It is an electronic resource that
makes learning easier and streamlines access. A searchable database of categorized
PDF’s with searchable names is available on the website. MySQL is used by the
implementation for data retrieval and storage together with HTML, CSS, JavaScript,
and Java/Spring Boot. Between graduating courses, this easily available online
resource promotes collaborative learning and information transfer. More file types and
user interaction elements may be included in later releases. This study advice the
policy maker of Nigeria and management of Trinity University to consider the
outcome of this research study.

Keywords: Design and Implementation, E-repository, E-copies, Student, Trinity

University

vi
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page
Declaration ii
Certification iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgment v
Abstract vi
Table of Contents vii
List of Tables vii
List of Figures ix

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of Study 1
1.2 Statement of Problem 1
1.3 Aim and Objectives Of The Study 2
1.4 Research Methodology 3
1.5 Significance of Study 3
1.6 Limitation of study 3
1.7 Project Summary 4

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction 5
2.2 History of an E-repository 6
2.3 History of Academic Libraries 8
2.4 Roles of Academic Libraries 9
2.4.1 Roles of Digital Libraries 10
2.5 User Authentication in E-library 12
2.6 E-Library Repository (Database Management Systems) 14
2.7 Document Storage (E-repository) 15
2.7.1 Security of Document Storage 15
2.7.2 Data Integrity and Availability 16
2.8 User Interface 16
2.8.1 Design principles for User Interface 17

vii
2.9 Review of Proposed System 17
2.9.1 Review of related literature 18
2.9.2 Review of existing literature in tabulation 24
2.9.3 Review of existing system 26

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY

3.1 Overview 27
3.2 System Analysis 27
3.3 Use Case Diagram 31
3.4 Database Design 33

3.4.1 Description of Tables 34

CHAPTER FOUR: SYSTEM AND DESIGN

4.1 Introduction 35
4.2 System Requirement 35
4.3 Implementation Tool Used 36
4.4 Development Methodology 38

4.5 The Program Modules and Interfaces 39

4.5.1 The User’s Environment 39
4.5.2 The Registration Form 39
4.5.3 The Log In Form 40
4.5.4 The Student Body 41
4.5.5 FBMAS & FAMSS Project 42
4.5.6 FBMAS & FAMSS Upload 44

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Summary 45
5.2 Conclusion 45
5.3 Recommendation 45

viii
LIST OF TABLES

Tables Pages
2.1 Jos University Repository 19
2.2 Ibadan University Repository 22
2.3 Ahmadu Bello University 23
2.4 Covenant University 23
2.5 Landmark University 24
2.6 Review of existing literature 25
3.1 Users Details Table 34
3.2 FBMAS Upload 34
3.3 FAMSS Upload 34
4.1 The Software Requirements 35
4.2 The Hardware Deployment Requirements 35

ix
LIST OF FIGURES

Figures Pages
3.1 Use Case Diagram 32
3.2 A Flowchart Work flow 33
4.1 Agile Software Methodology 39
4.2 User Home Page 40
4.3 User Registration Page 40
4.4 Login Page 41
4.5 Student Body Page 42
4.6 FBMAS Projects 43
4.7 FAMSS Projects 43
4.8 FBMAS Upload 44
4.9 FAMSS Upload 44

x
 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Since the evolution of World Wide Web, technologies have now been incorporated in
almost every area of our lives. To enable work done easier, better and faster in
comparison with human undeniable effort.
Taking the businesses of today either for services or advertisement of products have
their works projected into the online space. Also known as E-shopping or online
shopping. Others like e-learning, e-banking, e-commerce and several others. This
study not only examines the background, problems, purpose, significance, and
limitations of an E-repository, but also explores the potential advantages of storing
web-copies of students’ projects.

1.1 Background of the Study

The background of this study for the design and implementation of an e-repository
that stores e-copies of students’ projects would involve the review of the university’s
library, an analysis of where previous projects are stored. This may involve discussion
with the university librarian.
This study background for a design and implementation of an e-repository is focused
on the lower level students ascending to be finalist in the institution gain access to
project topic that would aid in choosing and implementing theirs projects.

1.2 Statement Of Problem

Haven’t done a little research, it is best to say that the university library lacks an e-
repository that store past students projects. A large percentage of institutions in
Nigeria still store they are student’s projects including or academic materials in the
academic library. The use of physical libraries despite being ideal, presents drawbacks
such as limiting the availability and accessibility of these resources, the service that
can be provided, and use of resources.
It's can become difficult for users looking to satisfy their quest for knowledge in order
to acquire the resource they need. In terms of accessing these resources, the degree to
which users can access these resources they need at any time is rather low because of
factors like fatigue from a day's work, and in public institutions, distance from the
academic library.
Their physical nature also subjects them to physical disasters such as floods or fire
outbreaks; this implies that those materials don't have a long lifespan. The physical
storage also has downsides for those trying to access it; physical materials might not

1
be readily available and can only be accessed by one user at a time. If resources are
not sorted out and stored properly, finding them might be difficult.
1.3 Aim and Objectives
The main aim of this project is to develop and implement an e-repository for storing
student’s projects. The focus of this is to provide students with a convenient and easy
way to browse and find projects which matches their preference online. The objectives
of this e-repository are as follows:
1. To find relevant literature review
2. To perform system analysis/modeling
3. To implement the system
4. To conduct system testing and evaluation

1.4 Research Methodology

The first step in this research involves conducting a thorough review of existing
academic resource management systems. This review encompasses both digital and
physical systems to gain insights into their functions, strengths, weaknesses, and
limitations. By analyzing these systems, we aim understand the current landscape of
academic resource management and identify areas for improvement. After gathering
requirement, we proceed to design a comprehensive system architecture. This involves
defining the structure and schema of the database to ensure efficient storage and
retrieval of e-copies of student’s projects and other academic resources. Additionally,
we focus on designing an intuitive and user-friendly interface that would enable easy
search and access to stored resources.

In the development phase, we implement the design system using relevant

technologies such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Java for the backend and MySQL as
the database. Following industry-standard best practices, we adopt modular
programming techniques, thoroughly document the code, and employ version control
to ensure the system’s maintainability and scalability. Furthermore, we implement
robust user authentication mechanism to guarantee secure access to the system and
protect sensitive information.

1.5 Significance of Study

The importance of this study is based on student satisfaction, by understanding the
needs of their preference, to also improve efficiency and easy access to previous
projects, and to save the cost of executing some operations.
The use of a digital library involves making use of technology to represent or replicate
the operation of an academic library. The use of this system in institutions will be
revolutionary and will bring a lot of possible changes and development from the
institution towards the outside economy.

Most people looking to perform any activity today turn to technology because of the
benefit it holds and how easy it makes life. In these modern times, the advancement of
technology has made it possible for it to find its way into working of the educational
system, bringing about massive and positive advancement into a good education.

A digital library is also known as an E library. It is used to store different resources

that accessible electronically. It makes it easier to find resources that have been
uploaded to it from any device, anywhere. A digital library is more flexible in the
sense that multiple users can access a particular resource.

An E-library purpose is to solve the problems that exists in the physical academic
libraries. It ensures availability and accessibility at all times and extended services and
uses. It's also doesn't consume as much physical space. Without an E-library it's
difficult to manage and provide continuous or effective access to these resources.

1.6 Limitations of Study

While this study aims to build a repository system that stores web copies. It is
important to note its limitations that may impact the scope and study of this research
project.

1. Absence of User Engagement: Users may not be drawn in by the first screen. To
grab attention

2. Information Overloading: While highlighting crucial content is important, placing

an excessive amount of information on the initial screen may cause consumers to
become overwhelmed.

3. Restricted Search Options: Relying just on basic search may make it more difficult
for visitors to find highly targeted material.

4. Uncertain Sign-up/Login Distinction: Users may be confused about which

option—login for existing accounts, register for new ones—even with options that are
clearly labeled.
5. Problems with Mobile Responsiveness: Users m ay experience difficulties
browsing and accessing material on smaller screens if the design is not optimized for
mobile devices.

1.7 Project Summary

In Chapter One, we introduce the study's topic. This chapter is further divided into
sub-sections that cover background information on the topic, the aims and objectives
of the study, the significance of the study, the research methodology used, and the
potential limitations that this study might encounter.

Moving on to Chapter Two, this section delves into the literature related to the study
and explores existing systems.

Chapter Three provides an overview of the proposed solution and the design model
that supports it.

In Chapter Four, we dive into the implementation process in detail. This chapter
explains how the systems were implemented according to the design outlined in
Chapter Three.

Finally, Chapter Five serves as a wrap-up. This chapter includes a summary of the
study's findings, draws conclusions based on those findings, and offers
recommendations for the study's implications and future steps.
 CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction
The level of interest regarding digital libraries has grown increasingly as institutions,
schools and museums consider the possible necessity of E-repository.
An institutional repository is a new method for identifying, collecting, managing,
disseminating, and preserving scholarly works created in digital form by the
constituent members of an institution. An institutional repository is digital archives of
intellectual products created by the faculty, staff and students of an institution or
group of institutions accessible to end users both within and outside the institution.
(Olubiyo & Olubiyo, 2023). However (Ezema & Eze, 2024; Anene, et al., 2020)
defines an institutional repository as a process of storing information sources and
resources in the digital space. These documents are stored, retrieved and disseminated
from the repositories. Repositories use open standards to ensure that the content they
contain is accessible in that it can be searched and retrieved for later use by students.
IR(Institutional Repositories) remains an open access model, and operates by
centralizing and preserving the knowledge of an academic institution with the purpose
to make that accessible to anyone with Internet access (Schöpfel & Azeroual, 2021).

(Olubiyo & Olubiyo, 2023) defines an Institutional Repository simply, as a digital

archive of the intellectual product created by the faculty, research staff, and students
of an institution and accessible to end-users both within and outside of the institution
with few if any barriers to access. Academic databases, library catalogs, or the
institutional repositories may need to be searched in order to locate specific articles
regarding various institutional repositories.
Digital archiving is a process of storing information sources and resources in the
digital space. These documents are stored, retrieved and disseminated from the
repositories (Anene et al., 2020) and they include dissertations, theses, books,
undergrad projects etc. Information seekers such as researchers, historians, students,
among others use digital repositories for access to information sources and resources.

Different types of institutional repository software are available today, including

managed, open-source, and proprietary options. DSpace, EPrints, Fedora, and
Greenstone are a few well-known names. They are used by the majority of institutions
when creating their institutional repositories (Formanek, 2023). This does away with
the necessity to start from scratch, among other things but to make the development of
an Institutional repository (IR) easier and faster.

5
The Greenstone Digital Library software's creators have been working on bringing the
platform to iOS-powered mobile devices. They used iPod software, the Greenstone
Digital Library ( Rathee et al., 2020) The repository's archives could be accessed
locally on the iPod device thanks to the manner the technology was done, eliminating
the requirement for Internet access. Consequently, the repository materials were kept
on the iPod's storage. Despite the fact that the resources can be easily accessed on the
device without requiring Internet connectivity, institutional repositories that require
network accessibility for a wide user base may find this technique unsuitable.
Lately, DSpace, a prominent repository software overseen by the Dura Space
Foundation (Patel & Patel 2023) came about and proposed a system which
incorporates internet connectivity.
Only the creators of Greenstone, one of the most widely used institutional repository
software platforms, put a lot of effort into making their program mobile-friendly. The
potential for an EPrints mobile version is mentioned ( Mazumder & Barui, 2024), but
as of the time of writing, no work has been done in this area. This disparity is what
has spurred us to re-evaluate institutional repositories as web applications and test
their essential features across various mobile platforms—all without the need to
develop mobile versions. This is predicated on the claim that because repositories are
constructed in accordance with standards like XHTML, JavaScript, and CSS, they can
adjust to various screen sizes.

Statuses of various universities have been further enhanced by the different

technological innovations that these universities have developed, putting them on a
higher pedestal. The creation of various repository systems is one prominent example
of these developments. These repositories, which are the product of many
organizations, are essential for enabling easy access to a multitude of data, both inside
the individual institutions and globally (Gaitanou et al., 2024).
Institutions have realized how crucial it is to set up repositories in order to effectively
organize and distribute knowledge in an era of rapid technological innovation
(Hamad et al., 2024). These digital repositories serve as archives for a broad spectrum
of scholarly articles, discoveries made during research, and artistic works created by
faculty members, researchers, and students. Academic institutions help both their own
internal knowledge ecology and the greater global academic community by doing this
(Stratford, 2024).

2.2 History of an E-Repository System

Digital Libraries origin can be traced back to the well-known visionary scientist like
Vannevar Bush and J.C.R Licklider who pursued the objective of creative strategies
and approaches towards information sharing (Meikle, 2024). Jackson (2024)
describes a digital library, “a device in which an individual stores all his books,
records, and communications, and which is mechanized so that it may be consulted
with exceeding speed and flexibility”. Because these visonary scientist lacked digital
support at this early time, they found themselves in an “improved microfilm” which is
the means for content storage and exchange.
Jackson (2024), also described that features like “knowledge discovery”,
“management” and “easy access” are what a digital library is to accommodate.
According to Richardson (2024), In terms of Knowledge discovery, there should be
provision for consultation of the record by the usual scheme of indexing. In terms of
Access in a digital library, it should consult a certain book, in which an individual taps
its code on the keyboard, and the title page of the book promptly appears before him.
Adams (2024), realized that computers were getting to be powerful enough to support
the type of automated library systems that the previous author had described. He
commented on how a computer could also provide an automated library with
simultaneous remote use by different people through access to a common database.
With the daunting knowledge of Licklider (Adams, 2024), he was also considered as
an innovator of the internet because he was able to establish a connection between
digital library and the internet. The first system delivering knowledge artefact in
digital form can essentially be seen as archives of digital texts accessible through a
service and implement by centralized meta data catalogue ( Lindquist, 2024).

Accounts of the history of digital libraries, their origins can be found in the early years
of electronic databases, which were first kept on mainframe computers in the 1960s
and 1970s and were only accessible to a small number of users (Lischer-Katz, 2022).
However, with the advent of personal computers in the 1980s, digital libraries were
made available to a larger audience (Jones & Piper, 2024).
The University Of Minnesota Digital Library of Minnesota (DLM) is one of the first
digital libraries to use the internet for resource distribution. It was established in 1989
with the goal of preserving and making available Minnesota's cultural history.
The number of digital libraries increased quickly in the 1990s due to a number of
factors, including the expansion of high-speed internet access, advancements in digital
preservation technology, and growing interest in electronic publishing.
The establishment of the Digital Library Initiative (DLI) in 1994 was a significant
turning point in the history of digital libraries. It was a large-scale research project
funded by the National Science Foundation with the goal of creating the technologies
and infrastructure needed for large-scale digital libraries. The launch of a significant
illustration of a system designed to address tangible demands, Krogerus (2024)
stressed about the significant. This system, which was once known as "e-print
archive" and is now widely known as "arXiv," was created as an experimental way to
address a need primarily voiced by the physics community: improving the
effectiveness and economy of scientific communication. The “arXiv” became archives
for physics, mathematics and computer science. It currently holds a third of the global
physics research output. It was developed as an experimental solution to a requirement
that was mainly expressed by the physics community, increasing the efficiency and
economy of scientific communication. (Krogerus, 2024).
Because of open archive initiatives it no longer matters whether documents are stored
in one central discipline based archive or in many distributed ones. They are all
interoperable and harvest able into one virtual global archive, in which all contents are
seamlessly navigable and retrievable (Khan, 2024). Today millions of digital libraries
exists worldwide encompassing various materials including books, articles, images,
videos and audio recordings digital libraries have significantly influenced education
research and Culture facilitating easier access to information for students
collaboration among researchers and cross cultural learning. A major example of a
system intended to meet concrete needs was introduced. Originally named "e-print
archive," this system is now often referred to as "arXiv."

Despite these challenges digital libraries have the potential to play an even more
significant role in our lives in the future (Pauget, 2024). They can enhance learning
collaboration, and global connectivity making resources more efficient and accessible
to a broader audience.
The primary goal of the electronic library is to bridge the gaps left by the traditional
academic library (Bakare & Bakare, 2024). A number of studies have demonstrated
the benefits and usefulness of converting the library to a digital entity, demonstrating
how this improves resource management and efficiency while also cutting down on
the time it takes to access resources. According to Nwankwo (2023), it facilitates file
sharing and tracking for projects, enhances cooperation, and guarantees that everyone
has access to the most recent version of a resource.

2.3 History of Academic Libraries

Wikipedia (2024), Academic libraries and institutions have been around for more than
a century on their own. In an essay, Oyegunle (2013) observed that at the period,
teaching mostly consisted of student recitations and lectures by professors.
Occasionally, the institution may copy their lectures and sell them to students (Russell,
2023). As new lectures were recorded and old lectures were copied, a repository for
these materials started to take shape.

The Sorbonne library at the University of Paris was the first academic library to be
acknowledged by 1338, holding close to 1700 volumes of lectures (Goeing et al.,
2020). It became evident throughout time as more works were available for study that
material that was not suitable for in-depth analysis nonetheless had value.

That being said, Sir Thomas Bodley, a University of Oxford benefactor, decided to
provide funds for the library's book acquisition and traveled throughout the continent
to buy books on a range of topics (West, 2024). As a result, by 1605, the collection of
books and manuscripts had grown to over 5000. It is clear from the information in
these publications that the academic library's primary goal was to protect the books
rather than to grant access.

The 20th century brought about advances in the acquisition and preservation of
resources, which have led to academic libraries being more functional. Most services
were required since more people now need access to the academic library (Siddique,
et al., 2021). As a result, university libraries evolved into centers for dynamic learning
as academic institutions assumed a more proactive role in funding library materials
and planning appropriate facilities. Thanks to ICT, work has become more diverse and
has greater potential. Take digital libraries, for example. It is accepted by academic
libraries all around the world (Martzoukou, 2021).

Manual tasks like sorting and searching were done before computers were created.
Unfortunately, a lot of Nigerian university libraries maintain their information
resources in extremely unfavorable environmental conditions (Esse & Haliso, 2024).

Academic libraries' collections have been gradually expanding in response to the

increased demand for and availability of information resources. Theses collections in
academic libraries are growing annually as a result of graduating students submitting
their theses to the library. Thus, there is an urgent need for a system that employs
more potent and durable strategies and techniques.

According to (Ezema & Eze, 2024), Nigerian academic libraries need to employ better
techniques for preserving information resources if they want to catch up to their
counterparts in wealthier countries. Moreover, digitization programs like the ones the
UK saw in 2009 show that digitization is a better approach to preserve academic
resources than alternative preservation techniques.

2.4 Roles of Academic Libraries

Academic libraries are essential for facilitating research. They give researchers access
to data, materials, and services that are necessary for carrying out research.
According to a Neetha (2020) assessment, one of the most important ways academic
libraries support research is through providing access to scholarly publications.
Examples of print and digital resources that fit under this category are books, journals,
and articles. Libraries also provide research data and tools for database and statistics
access.

Users of academic libraries have access to a variety of research assistance services in

addition to materials. Examples of this service include instruction on research
technique, references, and information literacy. Libraries promote research
collaboration and communication by providing spaces for scholars to congregate and
work together.

When it comes to supporting research, academic libraries face a number of challenges,

including the growing cost of scholarly publications, the growth of alternative and
open access publishing models, changing research methodology, and the presence of a
digital divide. Academic libraries are nevertheless essential to the advancement of
research in the twenty-first century, despite these challenges.
Libraries need to continuously innovate and adjust to the shifting needs of researchers
if they want to be in a strong position to support research in the years to come. They
also need to work toward resolving the problems they face, such the growing expense
of scholarly publications.

2.4.1 Role of Digital Libraries

For managing and retrieving academic resources, an e-library usually consists of a
database and a user interface in addition to offline library features.
Wikipedia (2024), An E-library, sometimes referred to as a digital library, is
described on as being different from traditional academic libraries because it is a
digital representation of the library created to assist students or anybody interested in
conducting research, referencing, or even using the resources as tools to grow the
economy.
In other articles Khan & Shahzad (2024), it is merely described as an expansion and
enhancement of physical libraries in digital format. "An extension and enhancement
of information storage and retrieval system that manipulates digital data in any
medium (text, images, sound; static or dynamic images) and exist in distributed
networks" is one manner to characterize it. The availability and advancement of
technology has greatly aided in the digitization of resources that could be consulted in
the future, preserving them and making them readily available. E-libraries can be
defined in a variety of ways and have a range of functions; however, the use of a
definition depends on its context and goals.
Classifications of Repository Systems
According to (Ezema & Eze, 2024), It is possible to make certain conclusions about
the kind of service and repository type that best facilitate digital academic
communication and, consequently, the creation of new knowledge after years of
repository development.
Subject-based repositories, research repositories, national repository systems, and
institutional repositories are the four categories of publication repositories that can be
identified.

1. Subject-based repositories:
Subject-based repositories, both single and combined, commercial and non-
commercial, are typically established by members of the community and embraced by
the larger community. Since the repository has inherent value for scholars,
spontaneous self-archiving is common. A significant portion of the authors' intrinsic
value stems from the chance to share ideas and findings early on through working
papers and pre-prints. This can lead to a number of advantages, including the ability to
assert priority, evaluate the usefulness of an idea or finding, enhance a publication
before submission, get recognition, garner attention from around the world, and more.
Because of this, topic-based repositories have clearly defined themes, and community
users can make sense of alert services and usage statistics. (Ezema & Eze, 2024).

2. Research Repositories:
Research repositories are usually sponsored by research funding or performing
organizations to capture results. They include the use of research data in order to make
research results. This capturing typically requires a deposit mandate (Jain, 2021).
Publications are results, including books, but data may also be considered a result
worth capturing, leading to a collection with a variety of items. These repositories are
very likely to contain a very high-quality output. This is because the content is
reviewed multiple times (e.g. grant applications, research evaluation, journal
submission) and the production of these resources are well funded.

3. National Repository:
National systems are designed to capture scholarly output more generally and not just
with a view to preserving a record of scholarship, but also to support, for example,
teaching and learning in higher education. Indeed, only a national purpose will justify
the national investment (Sahley et al., 2024). Such systems are likely to display
scholarly outputs in the national language, highlight the publications of prominent
scholars, and develop a system for recording dissertations. One could conceive of such
a national system as part of a national research library that supports public policy,
public scholarly communication.

4. Institutional repositories:
The institution's diverse products are kept in institutional repositories. Among these
outputs, research results are significant, but so are qualification works and
instructional materials. The repository serves as both a showcase and a library if it
includes all of the output.Because of the potential for the collection's accessibility and
online open access exhibition to inspire and engage, it is both a library with an
institutional collection and a showcase. Today, a variety of institutional repository
software options are accessible, including as managed, open-source, and proprietary
solutions. (Formanek, 2023). DSpace, EPrints, Fedora, and Greenstone are a few
well-known names.

It is simple to recognize certain publication repositories as being more similar to one

ideal kind than the other. A number of the traditional subject-based repositories, such
ArXiv and RePEc2, have certain characteristics of another kind. However, finding out
how many additional elements are there and what this means is one of the more
intriguing issues to pose. For instance, ArXiv is a research repository as well, and the
growth and success of high-energy physics research is largely dependent on the
institutions that support it. In contrast, RePEc has a significant institutional
component due to its federated system, which depends on contributions and services
from numerous departments and institutes. To give one more example, PubMed
Central (PMC) appears to be a subject-based repository at first look. However, content
acquisition didn't really take off until it was announced as a research repository that
included the results of publically financed research (by the NIH).
Other examples include Specialized Repository, Corporate Repository, Hybrid
Repository, Government Repository, Open Access Repository, and Mobile Repository.

2.5 User Authentication in E-Library

To ensure the security of the library resource and prevent illegal access, user
authentication is the process of confirming a user's identity before granting them
access to a digital library.
Because the web app's e-copies of projects may contain sensitive information like a
student's name, student ID number, and resource details that must be protected, it is
imperative to use a secure user authentication mechanism. This way, only authorized
users can access the system, reducing the possibility of compromise and malicious
intent.
Several methods can be used for user authentication in digital libraries, including:
1. Username/password authentication: This is the most popular approach, in which
users enter their username and a special password to log in. Passwords should be
strong, challenging to guess, and updated often.

2. Two-factor authentication: This approach includes an additional layer of protection

in that users must submit two pieces of information to log in, such as their username
and password, as well as a code that is delivered to their phone.

3. Single sign-on: Users may conveniently enter into several web programs with the
same login and password thanks to this approach, but it also necessitates careful
security precautions.

4. Biometrics: This authentication approach offers increased security at a greater

implementation cost by using physical traits, such as official fingerprint scans, to
validate a user's identity.
The selection of authentication technique is contingent upon the particular demands
and security prerequisites of the digital library, taking into account variables such as
the nature of data retained, user count, financial constraints, and preferred security
degree.

In addition to the methods mentioned above, there are a number of other factors that
can be considered when implementing user authentication in digital libraries. These
includes:

1 The type of information that is stored in the library.

2 The number of users who will be accessing the library.
3 The budget available for implementing authentication.
4 The level of security that is required.

In order to safeguard the resources of digital libraries and stop unwanted access, user
authentication is crucial. A range of authentication techniques can be used, and the
particular requirements of the library should be taken into account. Additional ways in
which it can be beneficial:

1 Authentication can help to prevent unauthorized users from accessing sensitive

data/ information
2 Authentication can help to protect the integrity of the library's resources
3 Authentication can help to prevent fraud and abuse
With the list of ways a user sensitive information can be protected, this project utilizes
the username/password authentication and single sign-on approach.

2.6 E-Library Repository (Database Management System)

With so many resources available, it is best to have a system in place to manage them.
The database will be in charge of storing the resources and making them available
when needed. A database management system is a software system that oversees the
organization, retrieval, and storage of data within a database. It also offers the
essential functionality for data storage, querying, and manipulation.
A three-tier architecture for the repository, comprising a presentation layer, a business
tier, and a data tier, is suggested by (Scommegna et Al, 2024). With increased
flexibility, this architecture can be utilized to create a wide range of digital library
repositories.
The business is in charge of maintaining data in the respiratory system, including
indexing and retrieving data; the presentation tier is in charge of communicating with
users and giving them a friendly face. The data is stored in the repository.
The architecture and implementation of the repository can be used with a range of
technologies, such as Java, XML, and XSL. It is feasible to create a repository that is
easily customization to match the unique requirements of the library or organization
and that is compatible with other systems thanks to the use of XML, XSL, and Java in
its design and implementation.
A digital library repository's design and implementation provide a number of issues,
such as managing the expansion of digital content and ensuring the repository's
interoperability with other systems. Additionally, the repository's data security and
privacy must be protected.
Three tiers—the presentation layer, the business tier, and the data tier—were used to
construct the repository. User interface design and user interaction fall under the
purview of the presentation tier. The business is in charge of maintaining the data in
the repository, which includes indexing, searching, and retrieving all of the data. It is
also in charge of actually storing the data in the repository. MySQL, and other open-
source technologies were used in the repository's construction.
This project makes it feasible to create a repository that is both efficient and easily
customization to match the unique needs of an Institute or organization through the
use of open source technology in the repository's implementation. It also emphasizes
the significance of meticulous planning and execution.

DBMSs are essential for storing and managing large amount of data. They provide a
number of benefits, including:
 1 Data Security: DBMSs helps to protect data from authorized access,
modification, or deletion.
2 Data Integrity: DBMSs can help to ensure that data is accurate and consistent.
3 Data Scalability: DBMSs can be scaled to accommodate large amounts of data.
4 Data accessibility: DBMSs can make data accessible to authorized users from
anywhere in the world.

Electronic copies of these projects will be stored in the DBMSs. Students would be
able to simply upload their project to the web application and view them from any
location in the globe thanks to this. The DBMS code can also be used to monitor the
project's progress and give students feedback tools. There are numerous DBMSs
available, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. Among the most widely
used DBMSs are Oracle, Postgres, and MySQL.
Numerous studies discuss the various kinds of document storage systems, such as
cloud-based storage systems, distributed story systems, and centralized story systems.
Every system has benefits and drawbacks of its own. Centralized storage systems, for
instance, can be a single point of failure even though they are simple to operate.
Although distributed storage systems are more dependable and scalable, sophisticated
money can be stored in them. Although they are a relatively new technique, cloud-
based storage systems have several benefits, including cost effectiveness, scalability,
and reliability. (Bhardwaj, 2024; Dash & Mishra, 2016). This project repository
integrates a document storage system.

2.7.1 Security of Document Storage

There are several kinds of security risks, including denial-of-service attacks,
unauthorized access, and data corruption. The difficulties of e-library security are
covered by Kamble and Waghmare (2017), who point out that data availability,
confidentiality, and integrity must all be maintained. The confidentiality, integrity, and
availability of data are just a few of the security threats that can impact electronic
libraries. Other threats include denial-of-access attacks and unauthorized access, data
corruption, and security vulnerabilities.
Several solutions have been put out to address the security issues in E-library common,
including the use of access restriction, encryption, and intuitive detection systems. To
ensure the security of the e-library, security awareness and user and staff training are
crucial.

Encryption: Encrypting documents before they are stored makes it difficult for
unauthorized users.
Access control: Access to documents can be controlled by user roles. This will ensure
that only authorized users have access to the documents.
Logging: All access to documents should be logged. This will help to track down
unauthorized access attempts.
Backups: Documents should be backed up regularly
This will ensure that the documents are available in case of disaster.

2.7.2 Data Integrity and Availability

The guarantee that data is correct and consistent is known as Data Integrity. Data
availability refers to the guarantee that information is available when required. Data
availability and integrity are crucial for document storage.
There are a number of measures that can be taken to ensure The Entity and availability
including:
1. Using a reliable storage system: The storage system should be reliable and
should have a good track record of uptime.
2. Regularly backing up data: Data should be backed up regularly to prevent data
loss
3. Using a disaster recovery plan: A disaster recovery plan should be in place to
restore data in the event of a disaster.

2.8 User Interface

The interactive and visual parts of a web application that let users engage with the
system make up the user interface, or UI. To demonstrate how users interact with the
system, the user interface (UI) has elements including search forms, projects listening,
project detail views, and navigation menus. A well-designed user interface will be
simple to use and comprehend, enabling a finished assignment to be swiftly and
effectively.

The authors found that the key themes in user interface design for e-libraries include:
1. User-centered design: The user interface should be designed with user in mind,
and it should be easy to use and understand.
2. Accessibility: The user interface should be accessible to users with disabilities.
3. Usability: The user interface should be usable, and it should allow users to
find the information they need quickly and easily.
4. Visual Design: The user should be visually appealing, and it should be
consistent with the overall design of the e-library.
A crucial step in the creation of an electronic library is the design of the user interface,
which must be simple to use and comprehend while keeping the needs of the users in
mind.
The user interface should be easy to use, accessible to all, and quick and simple for
users to locate the information they require. In addition to being physically pleasing,
the user interface should complement the e-library's overall design.
The following are some of the key features that should be included in the UI:
1. Search form: The UI should include a search form that allows users to search
for resources by title, author or keyword.
2. Resources listing: the UI should display a list of all the resources that are
stored in the system. The list should be paginated comma and user should be
able to sort the resources by title, author or date.
3. Resource detail view: The UI should allow users to view the details of a
particular resources. See digital view should include the resource title, author,
date, and a brief description of the resources (Abstract).
4. Navigation menus: The UI should include navigation menus that allows users
to easily navigate between different parts of the systems.

2.8.1 Design Principles for User Interface

There are a number of design that follow the design of the UI for a web app that stores
e-copies of projects. These principles include:
1. Clarity: The UI should be clear and easy to understand. The text should be
clear and concise, and the icons should be easy to identify.
2. Consistency: The UI should be consistent throughout the system. This means
that the same element should be using the same way throughout the system.
3. Accordance: The UI should be designed to be easy to use. The elements in the
UI should be designed in a way that makes it clear how they are used.
4. Error prevention: The UI should be designed to prevent errors. This means that
the UI should be designed in a way that makes it difficult for users to make
mistakes.
5. Flexibility: The UI should be flexible enough to accommodate different user
needs. This means that the UI should be able to be customized to different user
preferences.

2.9 Review of Proposed System

The project system is a web application system that a ensures an easy uploading of
these undergraduate projects by the 400level students. This project also allows only
registered and authorized users with valid personal information and create a username,
matric number and password for each student to use when login into the system.
Students who are members of our system can be entered into our system. To access
his account each student has a unique username and password. After logging,
penultimate students and lower level students can easily check and generate a project
Idea topic and read up the abstract on a desired project already submitted. These
students can view available resources from different faculties of the institution.

2.9.1 Review of Related Literature

This study adopted a qualitative research methodology and an agile methodology for
its implementation. The paper specifically utilized a content analysis technique in
analyzing data obtained from websites of three selected first-generation Federal
Universities in Nigeria and also incorporates some private universities also in Nigeria.
This research deliberately browsed the websites of the chosen universities, which are:
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria from Northern Nigeria; University of Ibadan from
South-Western Nigeria and University of Nigeria, Nsukka from the South-Eastern
Nigeria and the private universities; Landmark University and Covenant University.

Institutional Repositories of the five selected Universities:

1. University Of Jos Repository:

In June 2009, the University of Jos opened its Institutional Repository. Access is
unrestricted. This marked the accomplishment of a three-year dream. Staff members
and users of the library expressed a strong desire to encourage access to the
University's resources between 2006 and 2009.
The use of the Internet as a platform for providing library services has increased
globally. Resources from libraries and institutions are being shown and accessed in
real time online via the Internet. It started to appeal to both clients and librarians as the
best way to provide library services. Furthermore, a large number of academic staff
members conducted studies that were either never published or only published in a
local journal that was inaccessible to researchers from outside of Jos (Baro &
Nwabueze-Echedom, 2023).
These modest beginnings paved the way for the eventual digital preservation and
widespread accessibility to institutional documents, particularly University of Jos
research projects. The urge was only heightened by the widespread introduction of
software for digital resource management in institutions. It was therefore reasonable
and experimental for library personnel to create an institutional repository for the
university using open source and free software.

A list of University of Jos Repository Items:

 Table 2.1 Jos University Repository
S/N Repository Items Entries
1 Journals 140
2 Theses & Dissertations 726
3 Books 43
4 News Bulletin 179
5 Open access Database 229

2. University Of Ibadan Institutional Repository:

The University of Ibadan, sometimes known as UI, was founded in 1948 and is
regarded as Nigeria's first university. (Amoo, 2019).
Prior to 1962, when it attained full university status, it was a College under a special
partnership arrangement with the University of London. Additionally, It is one of
Nigeria's first-generation universities (Ahmed Zakaria et al., 2023). The University
took off with academic programmes in Arts, Science and Medicine. Presently, it has
more academic programmes in sixteen Faculties namely, Arts, Science, Basic 8
Medical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Agriculture, the Social Sciences, Education,
Veterinary Medicine, Pharmacy, Technology, Law, Public Health, Dentistry,
Economics, Renewable Natural Resources and Environmental Design and
Management. The Faculties of the Basic Medical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Public
Health and Dentistry are organized as a College of Medicine (University of Ibadan,
2022).

The Institute of Child Health, Institute of Education, Institute of African Studies,

Center for Child Adolescent and Mental Health, Center for Educational Media
Resource Studies, African Regional Centre for Information Science (ARCIS), Center
for Peace and Conflict Studies (CEPACS), Center for Petroleum, Energy, Economics
and Law (CPEEL), Center for Sustainable Development (CESDEV), and Center for
Entrepreneurship and Innovation (CEI) are among the other academic units of the
University. Additionally, the Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training
(IAMRAT), Center for Drug Discovery, Development & Production (CDDDP), and
Center for Control & Prevention of Zoonosis (CCPZ) are among the other academic
units of the University, established in 2022. There are plans to establish a new
Institute for Infectious Diseases and the National Institute for Maternal, Child, and
Neonatal Health (NIMCNH).
Renowned for its highly regarded postgraduate programs both inside and outside of
Nigeria is the University of Ibadan Postgraduate School. About half of all students are
enrolled in the Postgraduate School. An average of 3,000 Masters and 250 PhDs are
produced year at the University of Ibadan (University of Ibadan, 2022).

UI, like the majority of universities worldwide, uses ITeMS to power its website, (
Ahmed et al, 2023). Numerous significant historical sources and distinctive
repositories can be found on the internet. One significant repository, for example, is
the UI Space, which is overseen by Kenneth Dike Libarary of the University.

The library was renamed the Kenneth Dike Library in 1984 to honor Professor
Kenneth Onwuka Dike, who was the first Nigerian vice-chancellor and principal of
the university. Keneth Onwuka Dike, professor (University of Ibadan, 2022).
Keneth Onwuka Dike was a renowned historian and scholar from Nigeria. He was a
key figure in the University of Ibadan's early growth and was appointed as the
institution's first Nigerian principal. He then held the position of first vice chancellor
for Nigeria.

The UI Space has a collection of theses, articles, books, videos, images, lectures,
papers, data sets and all types of digital contents originating from the University.

The first librarian at University College was Professor William John Harris.
In November 1948, Professor William John Harris, a native of New Zealand, became
the University of Ibadan's first University College Librarian. He had been the
University Librarian at Otago University in New Zealand from 1935 till his arrival in
Nigeria.
Professor Harris's Library Development: Professor Harris was committed to building a
"good library" at the University of Ibadan. In the early years of the university, when it
was still housed at the former site in Eleyele, he started his career cataloguing books
and made great strides toward processing and organizing the library collection.
Approximately thirty thousand volumes have been classified thanks in large part to
Professor Harris's cataloging work. Ten thousand volumes had been entirely processed
and placed on the library shelves by 1949 (University of Ibadan, 2023)
The University of Ibadan's founding, early growth, and library were testaments to
Nigeria's dedication to research and academic success. Later, a significant player in
the university's history was acknowledged by having the library named in Professor
Kenneth Dike's honor. The University of Ibadan's academic community still relies
heavily on the Kenneth Dike Library.

Four departments were included in the new administrative organization that was
established in 1978: Bibliographic Services, which was later combined with the
Readers' Services division; Collection Development; Readers' Services; and Technical
Services. The Special Collections section was elevated to the status of a division in
1987.

The majority of the library's funding throughout the 1960s came from grants given by
international philanthropies like the Rockefeller Foundation, Ford Foundation, and
Carnegie Corporation. The National Universities Commission (NUC) mandated in the
1970s that five percent (5%) of the funds from their respective schools be given to all
federal university libraries(Ahmed Zakaria et al, 2023).

The University of Madan Library holds 99 recurrent budgets. Important landmarks

and dates that are relevant to the library are listed here. This was determined to be
woefully insufficient. September 1992 had an increase in industrial. Following a
disagreement (strike) initiated by the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU),
the Federal Government and ASUU came to an understanding whereby each Nigerian
university library would get 10% of the yearly income of the parent universities' entire
regular recurrent budget.
A decision enacted by the University Senate in 1974 mandated that the University's
main library take management of all departmental reading rooms and libraries
operated by its many departments and faculties. To bring the library closer to its
patrons, the University of Ibadan Library System was established, consisting of
roughly twenty-eight library units (Ahmed Zakaria et al, 2023).
The institutional repository of the University of Ibadan is widely referred to as "UI
Space." The University of Ibadan in Nigeria has a specialized digital repository called
UI Space. The purpose of this repository is to store and make publicly available the
scholarly and intellectual work that the university's staff, researchers, and students
produce. In its capacity as an institutional repository, UI Space is essential to the
preservation, promotion, and exhibition of the wide variety of scholarly works
produced at the University of Ibadan. The repository contains a wide range of
resources, such as reports, conference papers, theses, dissertations, research articles,
and other academic publications. This repository is managed by Kenneth Dike Library.

A list of University of Ibadan University Repository Items:

Table 2.2 Ibadan University Repository
S/N Repository Items Entries
1 Journals 6003
2 Theses & Dissertations 1717
3 Books 3733
4 News Bulletin 460
5 Open access Database 2588

3. Ahmadu Bello University Of Digital Library:

Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) is a first-generation university in Nigeria. It is
located in Zaria. It was founded on October 4, 1962, and its first vice-chancellor from
1965 to 1966 was Dr. Norman S. Alexander. With just four faculties and fifteen
departments—agriculture, engineering, law, and science—the institution gained rapid
traction. As of right now, the university is among the biggest and most comprehensive
in Sub-Saharan Africa (Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, 2021). ABU covers a total
land area of about 7,000 hectares and presently has thirteen faculties, a Postgraduate
School and 82 departments. It now has over 500,000 strong Alumni occupying
important positions in both Nigeria and abroad.
The ABU's is up and running and offers a wealth of open access digital repositories to
both its local and international communities. On the other hand, the majority of these
digital collections are overseen by the Kashim Ibrahim Library (KIL), the main
university library.
The ABU Institutional Repository, like other university repositories, is a digital
platform that academics, researchers, and students at the university use to store,
preserve, and make their scholarly and intellectual production freely accessible.

The Kashim Ibrahim Library (KLL), the university's main library, and eleven
additional satellite libraries spread around the university's several campuses make up
Ahmadu Bello University's University Library System, which was founded in 1962.
66,000 titles of periodicals and more than 1.2 million book volumes are held by the
library. The university library has long been at the forefront of scholarly inquiry and
study, taking a leading position in the acquisition, processing, and lending of library
materials as well as in answering questions from users.
Interestingly, the library has a policy that guides the operations and management of
their collections including the digital ones which makes the operation more effective
(Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, 2021).
The home page of the website, for instance, has links to the library page, news,
journals, and other digital content produced by the university and its community. ABU
Symposia and special bulletins are two significant digital resources found under the
news section. The unique bulletin informs the university community of events
occurring on campus and among its associates. Information is arranged
chronologically on the website based on the date it was published, the title, and the
download view option.
A List of Ahmadu Bello University Repository Items:
Table 2.3 Ahmadu Bello University Repository
S/N Repository Items Entries
1 Journals 468
2 Theses & Dissertations 59
3 Books 355
4 News Bulletin 153
5 Open access Database 57

4. Covenant University Repository

Academic research results from Covenant University are archived and made publicly
available via the Covenant University Repository, an online platform. Numerous
academic works, such as articles, theses, dissertations, conference papers, and more,
are hosted by it. This repository facilitates the transmission of knowledge and fosters
the excellence of research, making it a useful tool for researchers, faculty, students,
and the larger academic community. (Covenant University, 2022). It increases the
prominence and influence of Covenant University's research projects by granting
unrestricted access to intellectual contributions, encouraging cooperation and
creativity across disciplinary boundaries.
Covenant University's repository system uses e-print. E-print is a popular software
platform that makes it simple to save, arrange, and make academic research outputs
accessible. It is used to create and manage institutional repositories.

Figure 5. A list of Covenant University Repository Items:

Table 2.4 Covenant University Repository
S/N Repository Items Entries
1 Journals 1960
2 Theses & Dissertations 408
3 Books 1755
4 News Bulletin 234
5 Open access Database 1142

5. Land Mark Repository

A digital repository for academic materials created by its staff, students, and
researchers, Landmark University's Institutional Repository is a source of pride. A
range of intellectual outputs can be disseminated freely thanks to this internet platform,
which can be accessed through.
Using E-Prints software, the repository provides an easy-to-use interface for content
viewing and searching. Academic publications, conference proceedings, theses, and
additional research materials are available for you to peruse. You can go deeper by
subject, author, or year of publication with the filtering options. (Idiegbeyan-ose et al.,
2020)
One important function of the Landmark University Institutional Repository is it
provides. Expanding the visibility and accessibility of the university's research
endeavors encourages information sharing and cooperation among academic members.
This easily accessible repository of knowledge can be helpful to researchers
everywhere.
Table 2.5 Landmark University Repository
S/N Repository Items Entries
1 Journals 302
2 Theses & Dissertations 41
3 Books 243
4 News Bulletin 42
5 Open access Database 1149

2.9.2 REVIEW OF EXISTING LITERTURE IN TABULATION

Table 2.6 Review of existing literature

S/N AUTH Institutional Number of Description Limitations/Fo
ORS Repositorie Records cus
s
1 Idiedo Covenant Un 3,022 Uses Eprint software 1. Focus only o
et al. (2 iversity students schoraly wo n scholarly artic
024) rks are made access les and less of
ible to all. It surpass News Bulletin
es physical constrain
ts.
2 Friday University of 11,702 Uses DSpace Softwa 1. Focused
& Jos re. Its emphasis on i primarily on
Afamu nstitutional demands theses &
koro, . As a result, can sim dissertations
(2024) ply organize,and inc and limited
orporate scholarly number of
materials books and
 journals

3 Baro Ahmadu Bell 10,720 Uses a Dspace Soft 1. Focus on pos

et al., ( o University ware. Platform allo tgraduate resear
2023) ws them to effective ch
ly manage and share 2. No Learning
their research public objects/Past que
ation and scholarly c stion papers
ontent.
4 Idiegbe LandMark 4911 Use EPrints 1. Lack
yan-ose University Software. which books/chapters
et al., helps in digital in books
(2020) preservation ensures 2. No learning
easy access to objects i.e past
research questions
publications, faculty
works, and other
valuable academic
content produced by
the university.

5 Friday University 25,981 Uses DSpace 1. Limited

& Of Ibadan Software. helps to number of
Afamu empower its video/image
koro, community with
(2024). seamless access to
its scholarly
treasures.

2.9.3 Review of existing System

As of right now, Trinity University lacks an electronic repository for organizing and
sharing scholarly research materials. This lack of presence indicates a possible
weakness in the infrastructure of the organization. Trinity University stands to gain a
great deal from the installation of an electronic repository (e-repository), which offers
a centralized platform for the archiving, arrangement, and distribution of academic
outputs like articles, theses, dissertations, and conference papers. Trinity University
would improve its scholarly communication efforts and make its research findings
more easily accessible to scholars, staff, students, and the larger academic community
by creating such a repository.
Future 400-level students would have vital access to former student theses and
projects topics, guaranteeing a smooth transfer of knowledge from previous cohorts to
current ones. This continuity promotes a culture of inquiry and learning in addition to
enhancing the academic experience. Students might study the work of their forebears
through an electronic repository, which could provide them with ideas, inspiration,
and even opportunities for cooperation. Additionally, it offers a venue for exhibiting
the university's intellectual production, boosting its standing and power within the
academic community.
Investing in an e-repository system is a commitment to promoting a culture of learning,
creativity, and cooperation at Trinity University, going beyond a simple technology
update.
 CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Overview
The research methodology covers and explains the methodology or approach that I
employ throughout the study. Crucially, the methodology must be the most suitable
means of achieving the project's goals and must allow other researchers to repeat the
same findings.
The techniques used in the creation of a web application to store student projects in
the department are explained in this section. It includes requirements for system
design, system development, testing, evaluation, and research and analysis of
associated works.

3.2 System Analysis

Requirement Specification
This study developed a web app (E-repository) for storing student's projects including
other resources in the department.

Functional Requirements:
1. User Registration and Authentication:
- Users must be able to authenticate themselves before they can access the E-
library. Username and password authentication is the most common method.
- Users should be able to create accounts are registered with the web apps.
- Provide authentication mechanisms to ensure secure access to the system.
- Differentiate between user roles, such as students, faculty, and administrations,
with appropriate access privileges.

2. Project (Resource) Submission:

- Users should be able to submit their project electronically.
- Provide a user-faculty interface for uploading project files, including documents,
presentations, or multimedia files.
- Validate and store project information such as project title, author(s), date, and
other relevant metadata.

3. Resources and Storage Optimization:

- store submitted resources securely in the systems database of our storage
- implement a well-structured organization system to categorize project based on
the performance, course, academic year, or other relevant criteria.

35
 - Ensure that the resources are easily retrievable and searchable based on various
attributes (e.g., project title, author, keywords).

4. Resources Search and Retrieval

- implement a robust search functionality that allows users to search for resources
based on specific criteria (e.g. keywords, project title, author, course name).
- Provide filters and advanced search options to refine search options to refine
search results.
- Display search results in a clear and organized manner, highlighting relevant
resources and information.

5. Resources Viewing and Downloading:

- Enable users to view project details and access the e-copies of project directly
from the web app.
- Implements a document viewer to allow user to preview project files without
downloading them.
- Provide options for users to download project files in their original format.

6. User Interaction and Collaboration:

- implement features for users to leave comments or reviews on projects
- Enable users to bookmark or save projects for future reference.
- Facilitate collaboration and knowledge sharing by allowing users to interact
with project authors or other users through messaging or discussion features.

7. User Management and Administration

- Implement administrative features to manage user accounts, roles, and access
permissions.
- Provide functionalities for administrators to monitor and moderate resource
submissions, comments, and use activities.
- Allow administrators to add, edit, or remove resource categories or tags as
needed.

8. System Security
- Implement appropriate security measures to prevent user data resources files.
- Ensure secure user authentication and session management.
- Apply necessary measures to prevent unauthorized access, data breaches or data
loss.

Non-functional Requirements:
1. Usability:
- The web app should have a user-friendly interface and initiative navigation to
ensure ease of the use for all types of users, including students, faculty, and
administrators.
- The design should be responsive and adaptable to different screen sizes and
devices.
- Consider accessibility standards to ensure the web app is usable by individuals
with disabilities.

2. Performance:
- The web app should be responsive and provide fast loading times for project
search retrieval, and viewing.
- It should be able to handle multiple concurrent users without significant
performance degradation.
- Implement efficient database and file storage systems to ensure quick retrieval
and storage of project files.

3. Security:
- Implement strong security measures to protect user data and project files from
unauthorized access or malicious activities.
- Use encryption techniques to secure data transmission over the network.
- Apply best practices for user authentication and password storage to safeguard
user accounts.

4. Scalability:
- Design the web app to handle increasing volumes of projects and users over time
- Ensure that this system can scale boot horizontally by adding more servers and
vertically by upgrading hardware or optimizing performance so our commodity
growing demands.

5. Reliability
- The web app should be available and accessible to users without frequent
downtime or disruption.
- Implementation appropriate backup and recovery mechanism so they've got
projects data in case of system failures or data loss.

6. Compatibility:
- Ensure that the web app is compatible with common web browsers and platform
(e.g, Chrome, Firefox, Safari) to support a wide range of users.
 - Consider compatibility with different operating systems and device to allow
users to access the app from various environment.

7. Data Privacy and Compliance:

- Adhere to the relevant data protection regulations and privacy standards to
ensure user data is handled appropriately.
- provide clear privacy policies and obtain necessary content from collecting,
sharing, and processing user data.

8. Documentation
- Provide comprehensive documentations, user guides, and FAQs to assist users in
understanding and utilizing the web app.
- Establish a support mechanism to address user inquires, issues, and feedback in
a timely and efficient manner.

Technical Requirements:
1. Developing Environment
- Microsoft Visual Studio: Install the latest version of Visual Studio, which
included the necessary told and libraries for developing front-end technology
projects. Microsoft Visual Studio is a powerful IDE that supports a wide range of
programming languages and frameworks.

2. Programming
- Java: Java is an object oriented language. It is a general purpose that is used to
develop applications. Several applications and software tools.

3. Database Management system:

- Microsoft SQL Server XE MPP Microsoft SQL Server is the powerful and
scalable database server It can handle a large volume of data and traffic, which is
important for an e-library that is expected to have lots of users. Microsoft SQL
Server is a relational database which means that it is well suited for storing and
managing structural data. This is important for an E library as a data will typically
be stored in a structured format.

4. Frontend Development
- HTML: HTML is a markup language that is used to create the structure of the
web page. This makes it a good choice for creating the static page of an Elibrary
such as the homepage the catalog page and the search page.
 - CSS: CSS is used to style the HTML element in an E library. This includes
things like the fonts, color and layout of the pages. CSS can also be used to create
animation and other effects CSS can be used to style the look and view of the E
library such as the font color and layout with the pages.

- JavaScript: JavaScript is a programming language that is used to add

interactivity to the web page. This includes things like form validation, AJAX
request, and animation JavaScript can also be used to create custom widgets and
other components that can be used in an e-library.

5. Authentication and Authorization:

- Security: Education and authorization are essential for ensuring the security of
an e-library by requiring users to authenticate themselves before they can access
the library comma you can help to prevent unauthorized access to the content
authorization allows you to control what users can do once they have
authenticated themselves. For example you can allow users to view setting
content but no edits.

- Privacy: But in education and authorization can help you protect the privacy of
users data. By requiring users to authenticate themselves before they can access
their data, you can help to prevent unauthorized access to their personal
information.

- Scalability: What the indication and authorization can help to improve the
scalability of an e-library. By using a centralized authentication on authorization
system you can make it easier to manage users and help permissions. This can
help improve their performances of the library as it grows in size.

- Compliance: In some cases authentication and authorization may be required by

law or regulation. For example libraries that stores sensitive personnel
information may be required to implement strong authentication and authorization
measures.

3.3 Use Case Diagram

A use case diagram is a visual representation of the interactions between actors
(users or external systems) and a system. It illustrates the functionality of a system
by depicting the various use cases (actions or functionalities) that the system
provides and how different actors interact with those use cases.
 Figure 3.1 Use case diagram

The interaction between students, or users, and the e-repository system is depicted in
the use case diagram (figure 3.1). After logging in, students can peruse or look for
projects, and even have the option to review them. In addition, they can handle their
accounts and upload their own final year project. The system administrator keeps it up
to date and makes sure it runs well.

Elements:
1) User: This is a representation of the students using the system.
2) Login: In order to access the system, students must log in with their credentials,
which are most likely their student ID and password.
3) Browse Item: To locate projects that pique their attention, students might peruse
the repository.
4) View Newest Additions: This feature lets students view projects that have been
uploaded recently.
5) Search: Students can use the search repository to look for projects by entering
keywords, or department or year.
6) Review Item: Depending on how the system is set up, students may be able to
examine or comment on projects.
7) Create Account: In order to utilize the system, new students must first create an
account.
8) Deposit New Item: The repository now allows students to upload their capstone
projects. This can only be done by a 400 level student. In order for a penultimate or a
lower level to gain view.

Figure 3.2 A Flowchart Work flow of a student Repository System.

3.4 Database Design

Database design is aimed at showing or specifying the design of the system’s database.
Showing different fields, data types and others. It is designed to give a precise
explanation of what the system’s database is thoroughly.
The student login details, The FBMAS project upload, The FAMSS project upload are
among the tables needed for this system’s build up.
3.4.1 Description of Tables
Below is a more detailed description of the tables mentioned above which are required
in the database design.
Table 3.1 Users Details Table
FIELD DATA TYPE NULL KEY
Students_id Id No Primary
email Varchar(255) No
fullname Varchar(255) No
matricnumber Int No
password Varchar(255) No
level Int No

Table 3.2 FBMAS Upload

FIELD DATA TYPE NULL KEY
id bigint No Primary
department Varchar(255) No
supervisor Varchar(255) No
year Int No
project_by Varchar(255) No
title Varchar(255) No
description longtext No
pdf_data longblob No

Table 3.3 FAMSS Upload

FIELD DATA NULL KEY
TYPE
id bigint No Primary
department Varchar(255) No
supervisor Varchar(255) No
year Int No
project_by Varchar(255) No
title Varchar(255) No
description longtext No
pdf_data longblob No
 CHAPTER FOUR

SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 Introduction
The goal of the system deployment process is to lay out the specifics of the planned
system's construction, installation, testing, and delivery. This chapter explains the
tools used, their functions, system installation procedures, the programming language
used, and its rationale.
The last stage of system development is turning the system's specifications into a
working system. It basically entails creating and programming the system in addition
to fine-tuning its specs.
This chapter goes into additional detail on the features and deployment choices for
each of the system modules that comprise the E-repository System. It also has images
of every interface on the system, along with their intended inputs and outputs.

4.2 System Requirements

The specifications needed to operate the system are known as the system requirements.
These are basically the minimal hardware and software requirements that the system
has to have. The prerequisites listed below are in place.

Table 4.1: The Software Requirements

Requirement Software
Operating System 64-bit operating system, x64-based
processor
Development tool VSCode version 1.90.2(user setup)
Database Management Systems MySQL Workbench
Programming Language JavaScript, React, Java
Web Browser Microsoft Edge

Table 4.2: The Hardware Deployment Requirements

Requirements Hardware Used
Processor intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8665U CPU @
1.90GHz 2.11 GH
Memory 16Gb RAM
Hard Disk Drive 500Gb
Internet Connectivity MTN 4g Wifi

35
Devices Hp Elite Book, 13-inch, Touch
sensitivity

4.3 The Implementation Tools Used

The various software programs and technological devices employed in the project's
development are listed below;
1. IntelliJ: IntelliJ IDEA is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for Java
and Kotlin designed to maximize developer productivity. It does the routine and
repetitive tasks for you by providing clever code completion, static code analysis,
and refactorings, and lets you focus on the bright side of software development,
making it not only productive but also an enjoyable experience.

2. IntelliJ Toolkit: The AWS Toolkit for IntelliJ IDEA is an open source plug-in
that makes it easier to create, debug, and deploy Java and Python applications on
Amazon Web Services. With the AWS Toolkit for IntelliJ IDEA, you can get
started faster and be more productive when building applications AWS.

3. Visual Studio Code: is a streamlined code editor with support for development
operations like debugging, task running, and version control. It aims to provide
just the tools a developer needs for a quick code-build-debug cycle and leaves
more complex workflows to fuller featured IDEs, such as Visual Studio IDE.

4. Insomnia: Insomnia is an open source desktop application that takes the pain out
of interacting with and designing, debugging, and testing APIs. Insomnia
combines an easy-to-use interface with advanced functionality like authentication
helpers, code generation, and environment variables.

5. My SQL: The most widely used free SQL database management system was
created by Oracle Corporation and is called MySQL. Data is collected structurally
using this method. The relational database management system server supports
multiple concurrent connections and uses SQL to interface with and change data.
This program generates a lot of data, which can be managed by a reliable
RDBMS that can be integrated with the development environment.

6. Spring Boot: Spring Boot is an open-source, microservice-based Java web

framework offered by Spring, particularly useful for software engineers
developing web apps and microservices. Java Spring Framework (Spring
Framework) is a popular, open source, enterprise-level framework for creating
 stand-alone, production-grade applications that run on the Java virtual machine
(JVM).

7. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): A common markup language used to

create online pages and web applications is called HTML. Arranging items such
as headings, paragraphs, lists, and other things, aids in establishing structure on
the front end. As a web based system, this forms the foundation for the front end
of the system. Any text editor can be used to develop it, but Visual Studio Code
was chosen for this project.

8. CSS (Cascading Style Sheet): Cascading Style Sheet is a term used to describe
the presentation of an HTML text file. The presentation and text are separated
using CSS, which also creates colors and fonts. It can contribute to a far more
beautiful user experience and make content access much simpler. As part of the
user interface design for this system, HTML and CSS are used.

9. JavaScript: an object-oriented computer programming language commonly used

to create interactive effects within web browsers. JavaScript is the Programming
Language for the Web. Which can update and change both HTML and CSS. It
can also calculate, manipulate and validate data.

10. Java: It is a general-purpose programming language intended to let programmers

write once, run anywhere (WORA), meaning that compiled Java code can run on
all platforms that support Java without the need to recompile. Java is a widely-
used programming language for coding web applications. It has been a popular
choice among developers for over two decades, with millions of Java applications
in use today. Java is a multi-platform, object-oriented, and network-centric
language that can be used as a platform in itself. It is a fast, secure, reliable
programming language for coding everything from mobile apps and enterprise
software to big data applications and server-side technologies.

11. React: React JS is a free library for making websites look and feel cool. It’s like a
special helper for JavaScript. React is developed by Facebook, React is a
powerful JavaScript library used for building user interfaces, particularly for
single-page applications. It allows developers to create large web applications that
can change data, without reloading the page.
4.4 Development Methodology
A methodology is a defined approach that can be used to implement the software
development life cycle, or SDLC for short. Despite the fact that many businesses have
their own processes that have been refined over time, this project will use the Agile
development strategy. The SDLC is streamed by an assortment of programming-
specific techniques known as the agile development methodology.
Much of the overhead associated with modeling and documentation is eliminated.
Agile project management approaches work best on dynamic projects with changing
requirements.
They emphasize collaboration, flexibility, and iterative development heavily. Agile is
flexible enough to adjust to shifting client needs and market regulations.
The Agile methodology is an iterative approach to software development that
prioritizes the reduction of process overheads and documentation while still delivering
software incrementally. Figure 4.1.
This is a diagram of the agile development process.
Figure 4.1 Agile Software Development
Source: (Agile Methodology (pinterest.com)

4.5 The Program Modules and Interfaces

The purpose of this section is to outline the different suggested system modules: The
system is divided into independent modules. The Activity page pulls data from the
other modules and presents it to the user in a condensed style for convenient access
and viewing. As there is only one facet of this project. The User’s environment

4.5.1 Users Environment

The Trinity University repository is prominently displayed on this project's homepage
right away. This is accomplished by having a login or sign up page clearly visible,
which denotes safe access to the organization's resources.
 Figure 4.2 User Home Page

4.5.1.2 Registration Form

The registration form is simple to use, easy to read, and succinct. Users can obtain
safe access to the extensive resources of the Trinity University repository by filling
out this form.

Figure 4.3 User Registration Page

4.5.1.3 Login Form

Simplifying the sign-in process for returning users can be beneficial. They can
instantly log in and access their accounts thanks to a sign-in page that is clearly
labeled. This guarantees a flawless experience for every user, whether they are
returning or new.

4.4 Users Login Page

4.5.1.3 Student Body

After successfully logging in, visitors are taken to a specific page for project
administration. They can browse and filter projects submitted by 400-level students
on this page, which is divided into two categories: Faculty of Arts Management and
Social Sciences (FAMSS) and Faculty of Basic Medical and Applied Sciences
(FBMAS).
 Figure 4.5 Student Body Page

4.5.1.3 Fbmas & Famss Project

Logged-in users access a dedicated project management hub. Here, they can explore a
comprehensive list of projects uploaded by final year students (400 level). Filtering by
categories like FBMAS (Faculty of Basic Medical and Applied Sciences) or FMASS
(Faculty of Art Management and Social Sciences) helps users find relevant projects
quickly. Clicking on individual projects provides deeper details (Abstract).
Figure 4.6 & 4.7 FBMAS & FAMSS Projects
4.5.1.4 Fbmas & Famss Upload
Final year students (400 level) can contribute to the repository by navigating to a
dedicated project upload section within the project management page. This section
provides clear instructions and a user-friendly interface to guide them through the
upload process.

Figure 4.8 & 4.9 FBMAS & FAMSS Upload

 CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Summary
The Trinity University E-Repository serves as a pillar for upcoming library innovation.
Agile development techniques guarantee that the platform is responsive and flexible,
always changing to meet the needs of users and incorporate new technology. The
repository will grow to be an essential resource for Trinity University, supporting a
thriving environment for research and education. Trinity University is moving toward
a more promising future for knowledge generation and dissemination thanks to this
user-centered platform, which opens the door for a more connected and collaborative
academic experience.

5.2 Conclusions
The Trinity University E-Repository is a state-of-the-art system that utilizes
contemporary technologies and a user- centric design to overcome the drawbacks of
traditional repository systems. With a suite of robust modules, the E-Repository
guarantees a secure and seamless experience for all users. Agile development
methodology enables us to deliver a platform that is flexible and responsive,
constantly adjusting to the needs of users. In addition to facilitating simplified access,
the E-Repository optimizes internal processes, increasing overall efficiency. As the
repository expands, it will become an essential resource, fostering a vibrant research
and learning environment at Trinity University.
Ultimately, it is reasonable to draw the conclusion that the system is a reliable and
effective automated system that saves web copies of student projects based on the
analysis and evaluation of the system that has been developed thus far. It meets the
minimal requirement and the objectives that were first specified for it and operates as
intended.

5.3 Recommendations
For further research work to be carried out, a few suggestions can be integrated:
1. Enhanced Accessibility: A mobile app allows users to access the repository's
resources on the go, from anywhere with an internet connection. This increases
convenience and flexibility for students, faculty, and researchers.
2. Improved User Experience: A well-designed mobile app can provide a more
intuitive and user-friendly experience compared to a traditional website interface.
Features like push notifications can keep users informed about new uploads or
relevant updates.

35
3. Offline Access (Optional): Consider allowing users to download specific
resources for offline access. This would be particularly beneficial for those with
limited or unreliable internet connectivity.
4. Marketing and Promotion: Develop a well-defined marketing strategy to raise
awareness about the mobile app amongst the Trinity University community.
5. User Feedback: Implement mechanisms to gather user feedback on the mobile
app and continuously iterate based on user needs.

‘
 REFERENCES

Adams, R. J. (2024). Information technology & libraries: A future for academic

libraries. Taylor & Francis.

Bakare, O. D., & Bakare, B. M. (2024). Redesigning Library and Information Science
Curriculum for Sustainable Environmental Transformation Among Students of
the Department of Library and Information Science, Lead City University.
Journal of Education for Library and Information Science, 65(1), 1-21.

Baro, E. E., & Nwabueze-Echedom, A. U. (2023). An evaluation of institutional

repository development in African universities. IFLA journal, 49(1), 18-38.

Dwivedi, S., & Pachauri, S. Digital Repositories: Managing, Storing And

Disseminating Digital Content. Lis Today, 35.

Esse, U., & Haliso, Y. (2024). Facilitating conditions and institutional repository
sustainability by librarians in public university libraries in Nigeria. Digital
Library Perspectives, 40(1), 4-22.

Ezema, I. J., & Eze, J. U. (2024). Status and challenges of institutional repositories in
university libraries in South-East Nigeria: Implications for visibility and
ranking of Nigerian universities. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 50(2),
102834.

Formanek, M. (2023). DSpace 7 Benefits: Is It Worth Upgrading?. Information

Technology and Libraries, 42(3).

Friday, J. E., & Afamukoro, C. T. P. (2024). Electronic Theses and Dissertations'

Development in University Libraries in Nigeria. International Journal of
Knowledge Content Development & Technology, 14(1), 75-110.

Gaitanou, P., Andreou, I., Sicilia, M. A., & Garoufallou, E. (2024). Linked data for
libraries: Creating a global knowledge space, a systematic literature review.
Journal of Information Science, 50(1), 204-244.

Goeing, A. S., Parry, G., & Feingold, M. (Eds.). (2020). Early Modern Universities:
Networks of Higher Learning (Vol. 31). Brill.

Hamad, F., Al-Fadel, M., & Shehata, A. M. K. (2024). The level of digital
competencies for the provision of smart information service at academic
libraries in Jordan. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication, 73(4/5),
614-633.

Idiedo, V. O., Omigie, C. A., & Ebhomeye, L. (2024). A Survey of Open Access
Institutional Repositories in Nigerian University Libraries: The Current State.
International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology, 14(1).
Jackson, B. M., & Richardson, G. L. (2024). Digital Office Complex: Reengineering
Vision Delivery by Transforming Teaming. CRC Press.

Jain, C. (2021). Institutional Repositories: An Overview. Knowledge Management in

Higher Education Institutions, 7.
Jones, M., & Piper, A. (2024). Digital History. Australian Historical Studies, 55(1),
178-203.
Khan, S. A., & Shahzad, K. (2024). Key features of digital library management
system (DLMS) for developing digital libraries: An investigation from LIS
practitioners in Pakistan. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science,
56(1), 29-42.

Krogerus, H. (2024). Machine Learning aided Linux Kernel Code Analysis.

Lindquist, B. (2024). The Art of Text-to-Speech. Critical Inquiry, 50(2), 225-251.

Lischer-Katz, Z. (2022). The emergence of digital reformatting in the history of

preservation knowledge: 1823–2015. Journal of Documentation, 78(6), 1249-
1277.

Martzoukou, K. (2021). Academic libraries in COVID-19: a renewed mission for

digital literacy. Library management, 42(4/5), 266-276.

Mazumder, S., & Barui, T. (2024). Evolution of Technologies in Libraries: A Text

Mining Study. Librarian, 27(1&2), 206-216.

Meikle, G. (2024). Social Media: The Convergence of Public and Personal

Communication. Taylor & Francis.

Nwankwo, E. P. (2023). Use Of Information Technology By The Libraries In

Digitally Preserving Of Information Resources In The 21st Century. Nigerian
Journal Of African Studies (Njas), 5(1).

Oberhiri-Orumah, G., & Baro, E. E. (2023). The extent of building and managing
local contents in institutional repositories: a survey of tertiary institution
libraries in Nigeria. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication, 72(4/5),
464-483.

Olubiyo, P. O., & Olubiyo, L. M. (2023). Institutional Digital Open Access

Repositories in Nigerian Universities: Issues and Challenges. Library
Philosophy and Practice, 1-20.

Patel, S., & Patel, Y. (2023). Technical Aspects of Managing a Large-Scale ETD
Repository-Insights from Shodhganga.

Pauget, B., Tobelem, J. M., & Grenier, C. (2024). Changes in the organizational field
of Libraries in 2030. Futures, 157, 103319.

Rathee, S., Kumar, A., Kaushik, S., Kazimieras Zavadskas, E., Banaitis, A., & Garza-
Reyes, J. A. (2020). An MCDA cause-effect factors model for the
implementation of Greenstone Digital Library software. Management Decision,
58(11), 2543-2564.

Russell, C. (2023). Complete Copyright for K12 Librarians and Educators. American
Library Association.

Sahley, C., Sapp-Nelson, M., Ferullo, D., Mason, L., & Xie, H. (2024). Needs
Assessment–National Repository for NSF AGEP Deliverables.

Schöpfel, J., & Azeroual, O. (2021). Current research information systems and
institutional repositories: From data ingestion to convergence and merger. In
Future directions in digital information (pp. 19-37). Chandos Publishing.
Scommegna, L., Verdecchia, R., & Vicario, E. (2024). Unveiling faulty user
sequences: A model-based approach to test three-tier software architectures.
Journal of Systems and Software, 112015.

Siddique, N., Rehman, S. U., Khan, M. A., & Altaf, A. (2021). Library and
information science research in Pakistan: A bibliometric analysis, 1957–2018.
Journal of librarianship and information science, 53(1), 89-102.

Stratford, R. J. (2024). Towards ecological everything–The ecological university,

ecological subjectivity and the ecological curriculum. Policy Futures in
Education, 14782103241227005.

Vrana, R. (2024). Research Data Management in the Croatian Academic Community:

A Research Study. Publications 2024, 12, 16.

West, A. J. (2024). Update of the History of the Shakespeare First Folio. The Library:
The Transactions of the Bibliographical Society, 25(1), 29-40.

Ahmadu Bello Institutional Repository: https://abu.edu.ng/

Nsukka's repository: https://www.unn.edu.ng