Earth Resistance & Resistivity Tester

KEW 4106

Earth Resistance Measurements with 4, 3 and 2 Wires

Earth Resistivity (ρ) Measurement using WENNER method

High test current up to 80mA yielding resolution of 0.001Ω on Warning for excessive noise and high Auxiliary Earth Spikes
2Ω range resistance.
Advanced Filtering method (based on FFT Fast Fourier Large Graphic Display with backlight for readings in poorly
Transform) reduces noise interference for obtaining stable illuminated areas.
measurements. Up to 800 measurement results can be saved in the memory
Automatic and Manual selection of the Test Current Frequency and recalled on the display.
in four bands (94/105/111/128Hz). In Automatic mode, The stored results can be transferred to a PC using the "KEW
KEW4106 will select the most suitable Frequency. Report" software and a USB adaptor (Model 8212-USB) which
Several sub-results can be shown on the display: Resistance of the are included.
Auxiliary Earth Spikes, Frequency of Test Current, Voltage and Robust design with IP54 protection.
Frequency of Interference (noise), Residual Resistance Rk, etc.
Earth Resistance Measurement
● Earth resistance measurement with 4, 3 and 2
wires and six ranges covering measurements
from 0.03Ω to 200kΩ.
● Also ideal for large earthing systems by the
considerable test current of 80mA(max) yield-
ing a high resolution of 0.001Ω on 2Ω range.

● Advanced Filtering method (based on “FFT” Fast

Fourier Transform) reduces noise interference for
obtaining stable measurements.
● Warnings for excessive noise and high Auxiliary
Earth Spikes resistance.

Earth Resistance Measurements with 4, 3 and 2 Wires

(P) (P)
(C) (P)
(C)
(C)

[ 4-Wire Earth Resistance Measurement ] [ 3-Wire Earth Resistance Measurement ] [ 2-Wire Earth Resistance Measurement ]

Earth Resistance Measurement Display

Memory No. Month/Date Time Series Interference Voltage

(Earth Voltage) Measurement
Site(Place) No. Wiring Fst: Frequencies of the Earth Voltage between E-S terminals
2-w: 2 wires, 3-w: 3 wires, Ust: Voltages of the Earth Voltage between E-S terminals
4-w: 4 wires, -w: Earth Resistivity

Earth Resistance Value

Null Facility
Right Cursor Key
The residual test lead resistance (Rk) is stored
Pressing this key displays all other and is deducted from the measured result.
relative sub-results. This is to ensure more accurate low Earth Re-
sistance measurements.
Automatic and Manual selection of
the Test Current Frequency: Auxiliary Earth Spikes Measurement
AUTO/94/105/111/128Hz Rh: Resistance of Auxiliary Earth Spike H(C)
This is to minimize the noise influence of the Rs: Resistance of Auxiliary Earth Spike S(P)
earth voltage.

Principle of Earth Resistance Measurements

This instrument makes earth resistance measurements with fall-of-potential method,
which is a method to obtain earth resistance value "Rx" by applying AC constant cur-
rent "I" between the measurement object "E" (earth electrode) and "H(C)" (current
electrode), and finding out the potential difference "V" between "E" (earth electrode)
and "S(P)" (potential electrode).
Earth Resistivity Measurement
● The earth resistivity measurement is use-
ful for soil surveys to establish the optimum
earth electrode system design and site, to
avoid extra cost of re-working electrode in-
stallations. It can be also suitable for geo-
logical investigations.
● Earth resistivity measurement is automatically
calculated after having set the distance be-
tween Auxiliary Earth Spikes (Wenner method).

Measurement Method for Earth Resistivity ( ) (P)

[Connection of Auxiliary Earth Spikes and Test Leads] (C)

Stick the four Auxiliary Earth Spikes into the ground deeply.
They should be aligned at an interval of 1-30m(a). The depth
should be 5% or less of the interval between the spikes.
Note) The supplied Test Leads can be used for the distance between the
spikes up to 20m.
[ Connection for Earth Resistivity Measurement ]

Earth Resistivity ( ) Measurement Display

Rg: Earth Resistance L: Distance between Auxiliary Earth

: Earth Resistivity Value Spikes a(m)

Principle of Earth Resistivity ( ) Measurements

According to the Wenner 4-pole method, apply AC current "I" between the "E" (earth
electrode) and "H(C)" (current electrode) to find out the potential difference "V" be-
I
tween the two potential electrodes "S(P)" and "ES".
To obtain the earth resistance "Rg (Ω)", devide the potential difference "V" by AC cur-
rent "I"; where the distance between electrodes is "a" (m).
Then use the formula: = 2 π a Rg (Ω m).

Software included (KEW Report)

The stored results can be transferred to a PC via
USB adaptor (Model 8212-USB).
Up to 800 measurement results can be saved in memory.
Data can be converted to CSV files.

[ List of data ]
 KEW 4106 Specification
Function Range Resolution Measuring range Accuracy
2 0.001 0.03~2.099 2%rdg 0.03
20 0.01 0.03~20.99
Earth resistance
200 0.1 0.3~209.9
Re
2000 1 3~2099 2%rdg 5dgt *1
Rg at measurement
20k 10 0.03~20.99k
200k 100 3~209.9k
Auxiliary earth resistance
8% of Re+Rh+Rs
Rh , Rs
2 0.2 395.6 m
20 0.2 3956 m
Earth resistivity 200 0.1 m~1 m 20 39.56k m
2 a Rg *2
2000 Autoranging 0.2 395.6k m
20k
2.0 1999k m
200k
Series interference voltage 2%rdg 2dgt (50/60Hz)
50V 0.1V 0~50.9Vrms
Ust (A.C only) *3 3%rdg 2dgt (40~500Hz)
Frequency 0.1Hz
Autoranging 40Hz~500Hz 1%rdg 2dgt
Fst 1Hz
Earth resistance: Fall-of-potential method (currents and voltages measured via the Probes)
Measuring method Measurement method of Earth Resistivity ( ): Wenner 4-pole method
Series interference voltage (earth voltage): RMS Rectifier (between the E-S Terminals)
Memory capacity 800 data
Communication interface Model 8212USB Optical Adaptor
LCD Dot-matrix 192 64, monochrome
Over-range Indication "OL"
Overload Protection between E-S(P) and between E-H(C) terminals AC280V / 10 sec.
Withstand voltage between the electrical circuit and enclosure AC3540V(50/60Hz) / 5 sec.
IEC 61010-1 CAT. 300V, CAT. 150V Pollution degree 2
Applicable standards
IEC 61010-031, IEC 61557-1,5, IEC 61326-1 EMC , IEC 60529 IP54
Power source DC12V : sizeAA manganese dry battery (R6P) x 8 Auto power off: approx. 5 minutes
Dimensions 167 L 185 W 89 D mm
Weight approx. 900g including batteries
7229(Precision measurement test leads), 7238(Simplified measurement test leads),
8032(Auxiliary earth spikes [2 spiks/set]) 2 sets (4 spikes in total), 8200-04(Cord reel [4 reels]) 1 set ,
Accessories
8212-USB(USB adaptor with "KEW Report(Software)"), 9121(Shoulder strap), 9125(Carrying case),
R6P 8, Instruction manual, Calibration certificate
Optional 8212-RS232C RS232C adaptor with "KEW Report(Software)"
*1: Auxiliary earth resistance is 100 with Rk correction
*2: Depending on the measured Rg. Interval [a] between auxiliary earth spikes is 1.0~30.0m
*3: This instrument is NOT designed to measure line voltages on commercial powers.

EVERYTHING YOU NEED.....

KEW4106 comes with everything you need for testing the Earth Resistance
and Soil Resistivity.
A full set of accessories is included: four auxiliary spikes, four cable reels
and four test leads(Red:40m, Yellow/Black/Green:20m) for Earth and
Resistivity measurements. It is also supplied with particular test leads with
relative probes and crocodile clips dedicated for simplified measurements.
PC software for downloading and interpreting of data and an interface
cable are included.
The instrument also comes in a soft carry case, a quick reference guide is
attached to the case lid, and it is supplied with a calibration certificate.

Please read the "Safety Warnings" in the instruction manual supplied with the instrument thoroughly and completely
Safety Warnings : for correct use. Failure to follow the safety rules can cause fire, trouble, electrical shock, etc. Therefore, make sure
to operate the instrument on a correct power supply and voltage rating marked on each instrument.

For inquires or orders :

In consideration of the environment, soy ink and recycled paper were used in this publication. The contents of this leaflet are subject to change without notice. KEW4106-1E Feb. 09 AD