MODULE: EDUCATION
Education is the social
institution that formally socializes
members of society. It also refers to
the process through which skills,
knowledge, and values are
transmitted from the teachers to the
learners. The process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or university.
Education is both the act of teaching knowledge to others and the act of receiving knowledge from
someone else. Education also refers to the knowledge received through schooling or instruction and to the
institution of teaching as a whole. Education refers to the discipline that is concerned with methods of
teaching and learning in schools or school-like environments, as opposed to various nonformal and
informal means of socialization.
Primary Education as a Human Right
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that everyone has the right
to education. Education has to be free and compulsory at least at the primary level,
higher education and technical-vocational education should be made generally
available. In the statement of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO), education is a fundamental human right and essential for
the exercise of all other human rights. It promotes individual freedom and
empowerment and yields necessary development benefits.
Education is a powerful tool by which economically and socially marginalized
adults and children can lift themselves out of poverty and participate fully as citizens.
Hence in the Philippines, primary education is considered a right of a child. It
is enshrined in the 1987 Philippine Constitution. For example, in primary education, children are introduced
to the fundamentals of reading and writing. They learn phonics, which helps them understand the sounds of
letters and how they combine to form words.
Functions of Education in the Society
Give training in specific skills, or the basic general education literacy
Prepare individuals for the job
Preserving culture from generation to generation
Encouraging democratic participation through verbal skills
Develop the person’s ability to think logically
Enriching life by enabling the students to expand his/her intellectual and
aesthetic horizons.
Improving personal adjustment through personal counseling
Improving the health of the nation’s youth
Producing nationalistic citizens
Build personal character
Productive citizenry refers to the idea that a citizen can create opportunities to become productive.
Productive Citizenry. Educational systems enable citizens to be a productive member of the society, as they
are equipped with knowledge and skills that could contribute to the. development of their society's systems
and institutions
Example: Active Voter and Participant in Democracy: A productive citizen who exercises their right to vote
and actively engages in the democratic process. They stay informed about current issues, express their
opinions, and advocate for positive change, contributing to a well-functioning democratic society.
Self-actualization refers to a desire for self-fulfillment. If an individual’s self-
fulfillment is through achieving his dreams and aspirations in life, once these are
attained, he reaches the level of self-actualization.
Example: An artist who has never made a profit on his art, but he still paints because it is fulfilling and
makes him happy. A woman who finds joy in achieving mastery in a niche hobby.
Formal education usually
takes place in a classroom setting and
is provided by trained teaching and
non-teaching staff. refers to the structured education system that runs from primary (and in some
countries from nursery) school to university, and includes specialised programmes for vocational, technical
and professional training.
Non-formal education is an organized educational activity that takes placed
outside a formal set up. It has no age-limit, even adults can take part in a non-formal education program.
One example of this is the Alternative Learning System (ALS) of the Department of Education.
Non-formal learning typically takes place in community settings: swimming classes for small children,
sports clubs of various kinds for all ages, reading groups, debating societies, amateur choirs and
orchestras
ACTIVITY: 1 Whole (To be submitted on Friday, November 15, 2024)
Assessment Questions:
1) What are the three primary functions of education?
2) How does education contribute to social cohesion?
3) In what ways can education affect individual self-actualization?
4) What are the key differences between formal and non-formal education?
5) How does non-formal education serve marginalized communities?
