Question bank, Class-8

Name the following:-

1) The outermost covering of a cell: **Cell membrane**

2) The outermost nonliving covering found in a plant cell: **Cell wall**
3) Plastid containing coloured pigments: **Chloroplasts**
4) The powerhouse of the cell: **Mitochondria**
5) The organelles called suicide bags of the cell: **Lysosomes**
6) The cell part which provides rigidity and support to the plant cell:
**Cell wall**
7) Synthesis of proteins: **Ribosomes**
8) Any two one-celled organisms: **Amoeba and Paramecium**
9) The longest cells in animals: **Neurons**
10) Many chemical reactions occur with the help of enzymes:
**Cytoplasm**
11) Cellulose forms the main component: **Plant cell wall**
12) Intracellular digestion: **Lysosomes**
13) Secretion of enzymes: **Golgi apparatus**
14) Transmission of hereditary characters from parents to offspring:
**DNA (or genes)**
15) Initiation of cell division: **Centrosome**
16) The entry of only certain substances into and out of the cell: **Cell
membrane**
17) Storage of water: **Vacuole**
 18) Only found in animal cell: **Centrioles**
19) Only found in plant cell: **Chloroplast**
20) The cell part which contains a network of chromatin materials:
**Nucleus**

Multiple Choice:-

1) Which one of the following cell organelles is correctly matched with its
function?
a) Ribosomes – Synthesis of protein

2) All life starts as:

b) A single cell

3) Which one of the following is found both in the cells of a mango plant
and a monkey?
d) Cell membrane

4) A plant cell can be identified from an animal cell by the:

c) Presence of vacuoles

5) Plant cell has a cell wall made of:

c) Cellulose

6) The cell organelle that helps in respiration of the cell is:

a) Mitochondria

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 7) Which of the following cell organelles is absent in animal cells and
present in plant cells?
A) Cell wall

8) Which of the following cell organelles does not contain DNA?

b) Lysosome

9) Which of the following statements is true about the cell wall?

d) The cell wall is mainly composed of cellulose.

10) _______ is a jelly-like substance found floating inside the plasma

membrane.
b) Cytoplasm

11) Which of the following cell organelles is called the powerhouse of

the cell?
D) Mitochondria

12) Which of the following cell organelles regulates the entry and exit of
molecules to and from the cell?
c) Cell membrane

13) Which of the following cell organelles is called a suicidal bag?

a) Lysosomes

14) Which of the following cell organelles is absent in prokaryotic cells?

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 a) Nucleus

15) Which of the following cell organelles is involved in the storage of

food and other nutrients required for a cell to survive?
A) Vacuoles

16) Which of the following cell organelles is involved in the breakdown of

organic matter?
A) Lysosomes

17) Which of the following cell organelles is present in plant cells and
absent in animal cells?
c) Chloroplast

18) Which of the following statements is true about Chromosomes?

c) It is composed of DNA in the form of Chromatin and protein.

19) Which of the following is a single-membrane-bound organelle?

a) Vacuole

Differentiate based on the criteria given in the bracket:-

Give the location and main function of each of the following
components:
a) **Plasma membrane:**
- **Location:** Surrounds the cell.
- **Main Function:** Regulates the entry and exit of substances,
maintains cell integrity.

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 b) **Cell wall:**
- **Location:** External to the plasma membrane in plant cells.
- **Main Function:** Provides structural support, protection, and
rigidity to plant cells.

c) **Endoplasmic reticulum:**
- **Location:** Throughout the cell cytoplasm.
- **Main Function:** Synthesizes proteins and lipids; acts as a
transport network.

D) **Nucleus:**
- **Location:** Typically centrally located within the cell.
- **Main Function:** Contains genetic material (DNA), controls cell
activities, and directs cell division.

e) **Lysosome:**
- **Location:** Found in the cytoplasm.
- **Main Function:** Contains digestive enzymes; involved in
intracellular digestion and waste removal.

f) **Nucleolus:**
- **Location:** Inside the nucleus.
- **Main Function:** Synthesizes ribosomal RNA and assembles
ribosomes.

g) **Mitochondria:**

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 - **Location:** Scattered throughout the cytoplasm.
- **Main Function:** Site of cellular respiration, produces ATP
(energy).

h) **Chloroplast:**
- **Location:** In plant cells, primarily in the cytoplasm near the cell
periphery.
- **Main Function:** Site of photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll for
capturing sunlight and producing glucose.

i) **Golgi body (or Golgi apparatus):**

- **Location:** Near the endoplasmic reticulum.
- **Main Function:** Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids
for transportation.

Differentiate based on the criteria given in the bracket:-

a) **Centrosome and Plastid (Location):**

- **Centrosome:** Found near the nucleus, usually in animal cells.
- **Plastid:** Found in the cytoplasm, mainly in plant cells.

b) **Protoplasm and Cytoplasm (Function):**

- **Protoplasm:** Refers to the entire living substance of the cell,
including the nucleus and cytoplasm.
- **Cytoplasm:** Refers specifically to the gel-like substance excluding
the nucleus.

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 c) **Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell (Cell Organelles):**
- **Prokaryotic Cell:** Lack membrane-bound organelles and a
nucleus.
- **Eukaryotic Cell:** Have membrane-bound organelles and a
nucleus.

D) **Cell Wall and Cell Membrane (Function):**

- **Cell Wall:** Provides structural support and protection.
- **Cell Membrane:** Regulates the entry and exit of substances,
maintains cell integrity.

e) **Plant Cell and Animal Cell (Vacuoles):**

- **Plant Cell:** Typically has a large central vacuole for storage and
structural support.
- **Animal Cell:** Contains smaller and numerous vesicular vacuoles
for various functions.

f) **Lysosome and Ribosome (Function):**

- **Lysosome:** Contains digestive enzymes, involved in intracellular
digestion.
- **Ribosome:** Site of protein synthesis.

g) **Leucoplast and Chloroplast (Function):**

- **Leucoplast:** Stores nutrients, often in the form of starch.
- **Chloroplast:** Site of photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll.

h) **Animal Cell and Plant Cell (Cell Wall):**

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 - **Animal Cell:** Lacks a rigid cell wall.
- **Plant Cell:** Has a rigid cell wall composed of cellulose.

i) **Nucleus and Nucleolus (Location):**

- **Nucleus:** Typically centrally located within the cell.
- **Nucleolus:** Found inside the nucleus.

Diagram based question:-

1.

Ans- a) 1. Lysosome
2. Mitochondria
3. Nuclear pore
4. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

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 5. Golgi bodies
6. Ribosome
7. Centriole
8. Nucleolus
9. Chromatin fiber
10. Nuclear membrane
11. Cell membrane
b) Is it a plant cell or an animal cell? Give two reasons in support of your
answer.
Ans- It is an animal cell.
Two reasons to support my answer are:-
i) Centrioles are present
ii) Cell wall is absent
c) What is the function of the part labelled 2.
Ans- The main function of mitochondria is to generate energy for the cell
through the process of cellular respiration. Mitochondria produce adenosine
triphosphate (ATP), which serves as the primary energy currency of the cell.
In simple terms, mitochondria are often referred to as the “powerhouses” of
the cell due to their crucial role in energy production.
D) Name the part of the cell concerned with the synthesis and secretion of
Enzymes.
Ans- The part of the cell concerned with the synthesis and secretion of
enzymes is the Golgi apparatus.

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2.

Ans- a) 1. Cell wall

2. Cell membrane
3. Mitochondria
4. Plastid/chloroplast
5. Nuclear membrane
6. Nucleolus
7. Endoplasmic Reticulum
8. Vacuole
9. Dictyosome
10. Nuclear pore
b) Identify the diagram.
Ans- It is a plant cell.

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c) What is the function of the part labelled 2.
Ans- Functions of cell membrane are:-
i) Selective Permeability
ii) Protection and Structural Support
iii) Communication
iv) Transport of Nutrients and Waste
d) Name the part of the cell concerned with the protein synthesis by
forming and storing RNA.
Ans- The part of the cell concerned with protein synthesis by forming and
storing RNA is the *nucleolus*. The nucleolus is located within the
nucleus and is primarily responsible for synthesizing ribosomal RNA and
assembling ribosomal subunits. These ribosomal subunits are essential
components of the cellular machinery involved in protein synthesis.
3) Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of a plant cell
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 4) Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of an animal cell.
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