INSTRUCTION MANUAL

FRESH WATER GENERATOR

(SHELL & TUBE TYPE)

1575−6, SONG JUNG DONG, KANGSEA−KU, BUSAN, KOREA

TEL : + 82 51 970−1114 FAX : + 82 51 970 − 1131

Web Site : [Link]

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CONTENTS

PAGE NO
1. SAFETY INSTRUCTION 3

2. SAFETY INSTRUCTION AND WARNING 4

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANT AND ITS SYSTEM 5

3-1. Working description with engine jacket cooling water heating 5
3-2. Working description with saturated steam heating 6
3-3. Installation description 6
3-4. Installation description of the steam injecor 7

4. OPERATING WITH JACKET COOLING WATER 8

4-1. Starting up the plant 8
4-2. Regulating the capacity 9
4-3. Stopping 10
4-4. Attention during operating 11

5. OPERATING WITH STEAM INJECTOR 12

5-1. Starting up the plant 12
5-2. Regulating the capacity 13
5-3. Stopping 14

6. INSPECTION 15

7. TUBE CLEANING 16
7-1. De-scaling method 16
7-2. Chemical scaling method 17
7-3. Way to prolong the interval of de-scaling 19
7-4. Continuous injection of feed treatment 19

8. REPAIR OF INSIDE COATING 20

9. SCALE INHIBITION FOR FRESH WATER GENERATOR 22

10. TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 22

11. DOSAGE 22

12. TROUBLE SHOOTING 23

13. TEST REPORT 27

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1. SAFETY INSTRUCTION
Before using this item, please read the INSTRUCTION MANUAL.
Follow warning label, instruction and caution procedure in order to use it correctly.
It is also highly recommended to always keep the INSTRUCTION MANUAL
at the same place for easy access.
Transportation, installation, piping, wiring, operation inspection and maintenance
work must be done by only a LICENSED and/or AUTHORIZED PERSON who has
enough knowledge on health and safety rules and regulations as well as on his or her
profession.
In any respect, we’ll not guarantee for any death, injuries, damages and losses, which
result in modification without our written authorization or using and assembling
unauthorized parts.
During disposing, any accessories, used parts and oil, should be treated as general
industrial waste.
WARNING LABEL and SIGN in the instruction manual are classified into
WARNING, CAUTION and NOTICE as described below.

WARNING : Indicates potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided,

may result in death or serious injuries.

CAUTION : Indicates potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided,

may result in damage, defect or injuries.

NOTE : Indicates potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided,

may result in damages or defect in product.
It will be only used for protecting but not safety.

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2. Safety instruction and warning

The user and operator must have to read these instructions and the attached
documents and drawing before the installation, operation and inspection or
maintenance of the plant, so it should be used properly.

1. In operating Steam Injector mode, Steam Condensate valve must be fully

opened and Steam Inlet Valve must be slowly opened by operator.

2. No valve/cocks shall be fitted on steam drain discharge piping to prevent

fresh water generator from being pressurized by steam.

1. Welding or other working with fire should be severely prohibited to

prevent coating and gasket of the plant.

2. The Fresh Water Generator is not to be operated in polluted water or

within 30 kilometers from the coast.

3. Observe the following items strictly for protection of tube plates and
cooling tubes of condenser from corrosion and erosion.
3-1. While operating the plant, open cooling water inlet valve of
condenser fully and regulate cooling water quantity by outlet valve
only and keep the back pressure at minimum about 0.2~0.3
kg/cm2G.
3-2. Regulate cooling water outlet valve so as to keep the prescribed
temperature difference between inlet and outlet of condenser.(Please
refer to the heat balance for this temperature difference.)

4. Carry out following items in order to prevent scale formations in

heating tubes.
4-1. Output should be kept at or less than normal capacity specified.

3. Description of the plant and its system

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The fresh water generator consists of heat exchanger, separator shell and
condenser. In addition to this water ejector, the ejector pump, the distillate pump, the
salinity indicator, mesh separator, solenoid valve and water meter are supplied as
accessories.

3-1. Working description with engine jacket cooling water heating.

The DongHwa Entec fresh water generator uses the heat from Main Engine Jacket
Cooling Water to produce drinkable water by evaporating sea water due to the high
vacuum , which enables the feed water to evaporate at a comparative low temperature.
Steam can also be used as a heat source instead of hot jacket water.

The DongHwa Entec fresh water generator is based on 2 sets of shell & tube heat
exchangers, acting as an evaporator and a condenser respectively.

The water ejector enables evaporator chamber vacuum condition by driving sea
water pass through water ejector, and sea water supplied by ejector pump to be delivered
to ejector for taking out the brine and air.

While entering to the evaporator chamber due to the vacuum condition and the feed
water evaporates. The water spray and droplets are partly removed from the vapour by
the deflector mounted on top of the evaporator and partly by a build-in demister. The
separated water droplets fall back into the brine, which is extracted by the ejector pump.

The desalted vapour, which passes through the demister, will be sucked into vapour
chamber where it will be condensed by means of incoming cold sea water.

The distilled water will be taken out by integral fresh water pump and controlled by
salinometer and solenoid valve. If it is of high salt content, the solenoid valve
recirculation work starts automatically to the shell or dumping line against high salt
content.

Thermometers are installed for control of sea water to the condenser and engine
cooling water to the evaporator. These thermometers permit control of both heating and
cooling of these units.

The salinometer(salinity indicator) is connected to remote alarm so that very high

salinity is registered immediately at the bridge of the ship or the engine control room.

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1. For this plant, please bear in mind that the pressure of ejector inlet side should be
around 3 bar in ballast and around 4 bar in loading.
2. The pressure of ejector outlet should not exceed 0.8 bar.
3. The feed water should be controlled by feed valve.

3-2. Working description with saturated steam heating.

In addition to engine jacket cooling water heating, saturated live steam can
alternatively be used as heating medium for the fresh water generator.

The saturated live steam is being delivered to the heat exchanger of the fresh water
generator through a steam injector.

This steam injector works as a circulating pump and heat up the circulated fresh
water/steam condensate, which comes from the outlet branch of the heat exchanger of
the fresh water generator.

As the heat exchanger of the fresh water generator is filled with clean fresh water or
steam condensate by starting the steam heating process. The produced steam condensate
from the supplied saturated live steam escapes from the socket in the vertical safety
blow off pipe. This condensate is led back to the boiler feed water tank or hot well of the
boiler through the condensate outlet placed on the safety blow off pipe.

3-3. Installation description

Please check the installation drawing and technical specification, overhaul space in
installation fresh water generator.

Be aware that it must be possible to read the value of thermometer and other gauge.

To avoid the unnecessary pressure drop, the connection pipe should be simple,
because it could effect the specified pump efficiency and produced fresh water capacity.

Check the specified quantity of jacket water and sea water, steam flow through
the evaporator properly.

The fresh water pipe should be connected to the fresh water tank of the ship.
The counter pressure in the fresh water pipe should not exceed 1.8 bar or according to
specification.

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It is recommended that the fresh water outlet line should be used stainless steel or
non-ferrous piping material, because the produced water made by fresh water generator
is of high purity, where dissolved oxygen concentration is of extremely low level. If
dissolved oxygen's quantity is low then oxide film will not be developed by which it will
be very unstable chemically. So this water tends to stabilize itself by resolving and
contacting with other substances. As the result, the color of water may changes to be red
or brownish.

The combined ejector-sea water pump is designed to withstand on a level with and
in close vicinity to the fresh water generator and for a maximum counter-pressure in
the overboard piping of 0.8 bar. If this is impossible, it should be dimensioned for
additional lifting height, and pipe resistance and ejector should be designed
accordingly.

3-4. Installation description of the steam injector

If the back pressure is exerted on the discharge line of the steam drain of the steam
injector, extraodinary vibration may occur in the injector and there is maximum
possibility that the operation of the system may become impossible.

If the pressure after the steam injector exceed 1 bar, the safety valve will be
opened to secure the plate.

If the supplied steam pressure is lower than the designed pressure, the vibration
may be caused to the system. The fluctuation from the designed value may be within
about ± 5%.

4. Operation(DX - α - Series) with Jacket Cooling Water

4-1. Starting up the plant

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Before operation, please check the following matter

■ Please observe instructions for feed water treatment, see “chemical dosing part.“
■ Check the rotating direction of distillate pump.
■ Close in/outlet valves for jacket cooling water of evaporator.
■ Close vacuum breaker valve.
■ Close feed water inlet valve for evaporator.
■ Close outlet valve for distillate pump.
■ Close the bottom drain valve.
■ Open in/outlet valves for condenser cooling water.

Never start the fresh water generator’s distillate pump under dry condition.

Step. 1 : Start the sea water ejector pump.

① Fully open the ejector pump suction valve as well as the overboard
discharge valve.
② Start the ejector pump.
③ Slowly open the ejector pump discharge valve.
** Make Sure that the pressure at the water ejector inlet is 3 bar or more.

Step. 2 : Wait for sufficient vacuum.(about 92%)

Step. 3 : Open the feed water valve and feed sea waer into the evaporator. Feed water
quantity can be seen by the readings of the compound gauge in front of the
feed water orifice. Control feed water quantity within range of green mark
as shown in the compound gauge. But it should be adjusted on vessel’s loading
condition and capacity.

Step. 4 : When the vacuum in the fresh water generator keep up, open the inlet and
outlet valves for jacket cooling water of the heat exchanger. The in/outlet
valve for jacket water cooling water is to be opened slowly.

Avoid the thermal shock to your main engine. The inlet and outlet valves of jacket
water cooling water to be opened and closed slowly and progressively.
While the obtained vacuum drops to around 85%, the boiling temperature now rises.

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This indicates that evaporation has started.

Step. 5 : The air vent cock at the upper part of the heat exchanger should be opened
whenever jacket cooling water passes through the heat exchanger and should
be closed after confirmation of complete discharge of air in the shell.

Step. 6 : Salinity alarm should be operated in order to check the purity of the fresh
water.

Step. 7 : When the distillate fresh water comes up to the sight glass of the suction pipe
of distillate pump, start the distillate pump. The level should always be
fixed(normal discharge pressure is 1.8~2.4 kg/cm2). Fresh water quantity is
increased as the sea water temperature falls after adjusting to the fixed fresh
water quantity. Naturally water level at the distillate pump suction side
increases, produced waterstays inside of the condenser, the effective heating
area of the condenser decreases, evaporatioon quantity decreases accordingly.
The operating condition should be properly balanced.

4-2. Regulating the capacity.

The capacity(quantity of produced water) of the fresh water generator is regulated

by increasing or decreasing the quantity of jacket cooling water to the heat exchanger.
The capacity of the plant is measured by the water meter. The quantity of the jacket
cooling water is regulated by the by-pass valve unitl the item produces its normal
capacity. In case the temperature of the jacket cooling water is lower than the prescribed
valve, the flow quantity passing through the heat exchanger should be increased bit more.
The supply of cooling sea water to the condenser should be regulated such that the
cooling sea water temperature rises to the prescribed value when passing through the
cooling tubes of the condenser.
While the evaporation temperature is too low, which may occur at low sea water
temperature area, the vacuum breaker valve should be opened a little or the quantity of
the cooling sea water for the condenser should be decreased, which can rise the
evaporation temperature. If the evaporation temperature is too high, which may occur at
high cooling sea water temperature, the quantity of cooling sea water to the condenser is
increased, which will make the evaporation temperature drop.
Too high evaporation temperature will increase the risk of scale formation in the
tubes of the heat exchanger, and too low evaporation temperature will result in great
vapor volumes mean a risk of sea water drop is brought to the condenser resulting in
fresh water with too high salt content.

4-3. Stopping

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When the vessel approaches a port, land or estuary the fresh water generator is
desirable to be stopped because the sea water may be heavily infected with bacteria at
such places and there is a risk that bacteria can be transferred to the produced fresh water.
The following steps should be followed sequentially for stopping operations.

Step. 1 : Open the bypass valve for engine cooling water slowly.

Step. 2 : Close the inlet and outlet valves for engine cooling water for the evaporator
progressively.

Step. 3 : Close valve for feed water treatment.

Step. 4 : Stop the distillate pump.

Step. 5 : After cooling the evaporator side as below 50℃, close the feed water valve.

Step. 6 : Stop the ejector pump.

Step. 7 : Close the sea water valve before the ejector pump and the overboard valve
After the ejector.

Step. 8 : Open the vacuum breaker valve.

Step. 9 : Close the valve to fresh water tank.

Step. 10 : Open the drain valve on the branch line of sea water feed.

1. Supply the feed water for few minutes in order to cool the heat exchanger.
2. Never try t open the bottom blow off valve in order to make atmospheric pressure
because sea water in the heat exchanger spout and strike the deflector.
3. In case the item is not operated for a long time, the sea water of heat exchanger
should be drained out completely by opening the bottom blow off valve at
the bottom of the heat exchanger.

4-4. Attention during operation

1) Regulating the capacity

The capacity of the fresh water generator is affected by regulating the amount of
jacket cooling water to the heat exchanger.
Although when the tubes are clean, the fresh water genertor can be able to produce
fresh water in excess of its rated capacity. But we recommend to operate the item at the

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prescribed quantity of fresh water or less production with excess can involve the risk of
scale formation.

2) The condenser
In order to condense all generated vapor in the heat exchanger, sea water flowing to
the condenser should be as cold as possible and temperature difference of cooling sea
water between inlet and outlet of condenser should be checked for regulating the amount
of cooling sea water.
In case of supply of excess cooling sea water, turbulent corrosion may be caused due
to too high velocity in the cooling tube of condenser.
On the contrary, when cooling sea water is insufficient, the capacity of produced
fresh water will be decreased due to short cooling performance.
Calculation the quantity of cooling water of condenser should be according to below
equation.

Q = (D x 24.5) / (t2 – t1)

Where,
D : Capacity of produced fresh water (T/day)
t1 : Inlet temperature of condenser
t2 : Outlet temperature of condenser
Q : Capacity of cooling sea water

When the various data are recorded regulary, standard of comparison among all data
can be done. In case of rise of any irregularities or troubles in connection with operation
of fresh water generator, it results in recording of irregular data accordingly.

5. Operation(DX - α - Series) with Steam Injector

5-1. Starting up the plant

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Do not open steam inlet valve for the steam injector operation before the ejector
pump has been started and serving feed water to the evaporator.

- Open the priming valve and fill the evaporator section with fresh water. If
any air is present in the shell inside. Such air can also cause abnormal noise
or vibration due the cavitation or pulsating movement of inside water.

Do not open the steam valve rapidly. If so, water in the shell will pour into the
drain tank and cause vibration.

If steam pressure is lower than the designed value, inside water will pulsate and
cause abnormal noise and vibration.

The steam arrangement must be filled with fresh water from hydrophore system,
before supplying steam to the system.

No valve at all should be fitted on the pipe from the safety valve as this pipe must
be opened to the atmospheric pressure.

Max. back pressure in condensate discharge line is 0.8 bar.

When stopping the plant, check that the steam inlet valve is always completely
closed.

This to avoid high temperature in the evaporator, as this might cause;

- Scale formation on the inside of the heat exchanger tubes.

Step. 1 : Close the inlet and outlet valves to jacket cooling water completely, and open
the valves in the drain line for draining jacket cooling water.

Step. 2 : After blowing jacket cooling water, close the drain cock and then fill up the
plant with boiler feed water or clean fresh water until water over flow the
priming checking line.

Step. 3 : The cock at the top of the drain pipe should always be opened because it
serves as a syphone breaker.(Syphone breaker is not necessary when a drain
tank is installed on the higher location than fresh water generator or on the
same floor.)

Step. 4 : Open the two butterfly valves in the steam injector circuit.

Step. 5 : Open the feed water valve and feed sea water into the evaporator. Feed
water quantity can be seen by the readings of the compound gauge in front

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of the feed water orifice. The feed water valve is to be fully opened to
prevent formation of scale on the evaporate tube, but in case the salinity is
some increased, the feed valve is to be closed a bit.

Step. 6 : After the above mentiond preparation, open the steam valve gradually
before the steam injector in order to steam supply initial during 10 min.
Fresh water in the piping is circulated as well as heated by steam. As
heating fresh water is cooled in the evaporator section plate, steam drain
goes up through the drain pipe and then it is exhausted into the drain tank.

The steam supplied to the steam injector must be saturated steam.

5-2. Regulating the capacity.

The fresh water production can be regulated by adjustment of the quantity of

steam supplied to the steam injector.

The steam inlet pressure corresponding to the production of fresh water in

question can be regulated either by means of a manually operated regulating valve
(yard supply) or by an automatic reduction valve(yard supply).

DongHwa Entec recommended that you will operate the plant at the prescribed
quantity of fresh water or less production but in excess hereof can involve the risk of
scale formations.

Steam pressure must be in accordance with pressure stated in “FWG Order

Specification.“

5-3. Stopping.

Step. 1 : Fully close steam inlet valve(yard supply).

Step. 2 : After cooling the evaporator side as below 50℃, close the feed water
valve.

Step. 3 : Stop the distillate pump.

Step. 4 : Stop the ejector pump.

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Step. 5 : Close the sea water valve before the ejector pump and the overboard
valve after the ejector.

Step. 6 : Open the valve to fresh water tank.

Step. 7 : Close the valve to fresh water tank.

Step. 8 : Open the drain valve on the branch line of sea water feed.

During the operating with steam injector, do not close the feed valve, if not so the
saturated steam overboard to steam drain line. In that case, we’ll do not
GUARANTEE FOR FORMATION OF ANY SCALE IN EVAPORATOR AND
INJURIES.

6. Inspection
At regular intervals, for instance twice a year, the top cover of the separator shell
and the bottom cover of the heat exchanger should be removed in order to inspect any
formation of scale in the tubes and the presence of exfoliatin inside coating.
At the same time, the condenser covers should be removed in order to check that the
condenser cooling tubes are not fouled with sludge or other foreign substances. The
pumps should be inspected and cleaned regularly, and the corroded parts, if any, should
be replaced with spare ones.

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1) After inspection, if there is any difficulty in maintaining the vacuum a leak test
should be carried out, as in course of time leaks may occur due to deterioration of
packings and joints

This test procedure shoul be as follow.

Step. 1 : Close the outlet vale of the distillate pump, vacuum breaker valve, bottom
below off valve and feed water valve.
Step. 2 : Inject air to evaporator shell.
Step. 3 : Keep the shell pressure of about 0.5 kg/cm2G.
Step. 4 : Spray soap solution to packing and joints.

2) Pressure test of the condenser and the heat exchanger

Condenser
Remove the water chamber of the condenser, keep the inside pressure of the shell
about 0.5 kg/cm2 by injection air to the inside of the evaporator and find out the
presence of any leakage by spraying soap solution.

Evaporator(Heater)
Remove the bottom cover of the heater. Presence of any leakage can be found out
by maintaining 4~5 kg/cm2 water pressure on the shell side.
For finding presence of any tube cracks and pin holes, spread soap solution on
the surface of tube plate and give the atmospheric pressure of 1.0 kg/cm2 on the
shell side.

7. Tube Cleaning ( De-Scaling Method )

7-1. Cleaning interval for de-scaling

The fresh water generator is equipped with a heater, a condenser and a preheater.
Under normal operation, presence of scale generally forms mainly in the heating
tubes of the heater and hardly found in the cooling tubes of the condenser.
Chemical cleaning of the whole system can be made by fitting adapter(option) to the
thermometer connection of the inlet condenser water chamber. Sea water boils and

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evaporates in the heating tubes and consequently sea water touching the heating tubes is
considerably concentrated and supersaturated. This is why scale is deposited in the
heating tubes.
Cleaning(de-scaling) of the inside of the heating tubes should be made twice or three
times a year in general. However, the time interval depend upon the operating conditions
and the properties of sea water.
Therefore, the following phenomena should be noted as standards for judging the
time period of cleaning.

1) Quantity of jacket water cooling water can be estimated by temperature

difference at the outlet and inlet of the heater. When the temperature in the shell is kept
at or below evaporation temperature of the heat balance, much more jacket cooling water
quantities required than that of the heat balance in order to produce the fixed capacity of
fresh water.

QJ = (23.6 x D) / T (T/h)
Where,
D : Capacity of produced fresh water (T/day)
QJ : Jacket Cooling water quantity(T/h)
T : Temperature difference at the outlet and inlet of the heater

2) When the vessel is fitted with steam injector, condition of scale formation can be
easily found out. While the temperature in the shell is kept same as that of the heat
balance as well as option 1), inlet temperature of jacket water cooling water is balanced at
higher temperature than before.

When a steam injector is used, quantity of produced fresh water is not changed. If is
necessary to keep operation log for checking of scale formation.
If any of the above mentioned phenomena is observed, remove the sight glass in
front of the separator shell and condition for scale formation is to be checked by using
other special tools.

7-2. Chemical Cleaning Method

Scales may be either peeled off by physical methods or dissolved by chemical

methods, the former method includes the use of brush and drill, the rapid cooling method,
injection of pressurized water etc., but it is ratter difficult to remove scale completely by
these methods. We will explain a method to use chemicals which prevails recently
because it requires shorter cleaning time, hardly damage the tubes and is economical and
effective.

1) Preparations for cleaning

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a) Draw sea water in the shell from the bottom blow off valve.
b) Close the bottom blow off valves completely and remove the sight glass.

2) Making solution
Make up solution in the drum.(In this case, be sure to pour water first into the
drum and then add chemicals.)

3) Recommended types of chemicals and names of the manufacturers

Brand Distribution
SAF – ACID Drew chemical Corporation U.S.A.
D. S. C Yokosuka Kase Co., Ltd. Japan
Chiyoda Kignas Oil Co., Ltd. Japan
Mitsukane Japan
GAMLEN XD Gamlen Chemical Company U.S.A
ATLAS H-400 ATLAS preservative company U.K.

** Please refer to the catalogs for each manufacture for details.

4) Cleaning
a) Submerged Cleaning
Pour solution into the heater through the sight hole until the upper tube plate
is soaked and leave it as the time required for cleaning varies according to
the thickness of scale. When the solution becomes saturation, it can’t clean
any more. In this case, interchange with new solution for few times.
b) Circulated Cleaning
As per the below drawing, clean the whole system of heat exchanger by
Fitting the adapter for the inlet of solution to the connection of thermometer
at cooling water inlet nozzle of condenser water chamber, and using the
socket f bottom cover for outlet of solution.
Quantity of solution, required for each type is shown as below
table.
Density of solution shall be little bit higher than recommendable density by
each maker. During circulated cleaning, the capacity of the cleaning tank
should be prepared as the total quantity.

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Chemical Tank

α - series 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Submerge Condenser 12 27 43 52 64 77 93 100
Cleaning Heater 25 44 62 85 105 115 146 170
Circulate cleaning 37 71 105 137 169 192 239 270

5) Discharging solution after cleaning

After cleaning, solution should be discharged through the bottom blow-off
valve fitted to the bottom cover of the heater. Since the above mentioned
chemicals are for dissolving but not for peeling off, there is nothing to worry
about damage to the impellers of the pump for clogging for the pipes.

6) Finishing cleaning by running sea water

After discharging solution, let the sea water run through the heater for the
cleaning of the inside in the following way ;
Flow sea water into the heater through the feed water line. Then discharge it
overboard through the ejector by operating the ejector pump. Repeat the
pumping and discharging alternately until the inside of the heater becomes clean.
In this case, proper care should be taken not to let sea water into the condenser.

7) Inspection after cleaning

Cleaning is usually finished when no scale is found at the upper part.
If the inside of the heating tube by putting the light from a flashlight on that part
from the sight glass
However, scale forms mostly around at the part of 1/5 ~ 1/4 of the distance

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between the tube plate from the lower tube plate or at the lower part of the
vertical heating tube.
Therefore, make sure that the whole inside of the tube has been cleaned by
thoroughly checking the lower part of the inside of the heating tube with electric
light such that tube inside part can be completely viewed.
Never feed steam during the cleaning work as it can damage severly the inside
coating of the fresh water generator.

7-3. Way to prolong the interval of de-scaling

In order to prolong the interval of de-scaling as long as possible, please keep the
following items ;
1) To operate the fresh water generator with the capacity under the prescribed one.
2) To feed the sea water as much as possible the ejector can discharge.
3) If possible, not to operate the fresh water generator at the contaminated water
area such as harbors, ports etc.
4) For stopping the plant, continue to feed water until the heat exchanger shell
becomes enough cold to be able to touch by hands and fill the new sea water, which
is not concentrated to the upper tube plate of the heat exchanger.

7-4. Continuous injection of feed treatment

The above mentioned cleaning method is to be applied periodically while the

fresh water generator stops running.
On the other hand, the above mentioned method positively prevents formation of
scale by continuous injection of the prescribed amount of feed treatment into the feed
water line during the operation of the fresh water generator, thus lengthening the life-
span of the plant without lowering its performance.
Recently many vessel have adopted this method due to its economical advantage.

1) Injection Method
Chemical tank piping is to be connected with the screw connection for scale
inhibitor which is located behind feed water orifice, and chemicals should be
supplied continuously during operation, and the feed rate can be controlled by
purge meter.(Injection pump is not required because vacuum chamber is present
after orifice.)

2) Proper care should be taken when pouring feed treatment continuously. Keep
watch on the remaining quantity of solution in the tank and supply solution in
proper time otherwise lest air will flow into the fresh water generator from the
empty tank.

8. Repair of inside coating

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If during on inspection of the fresh water generator it is found that the inside coating
is damaged then repair should be done as followings ;
Damaged covering should be scraped off and surface thoroughly dried. By means of
sandpaper coating, the steel surface with the width of 20mm from the
damaged part is grounded nd cleaned. So, coating is put on the steel surface and then
Epoxy-resin is applied.

The way of coating is as following ;

1. Material for repair and its package
Material 1) Epoxy-resin
2) Harder

2. Method of repair
1) Kind of damaged part
NEOPRENE LINING

IRON
2) Method of repair
a. Grinding the damaged part by grinder.

NEOPRENE LINING

b. Cleaning and drying.

Surface to be primed should be cleaned and dried. In order to clean and

degrease, the surface should be wiped with a gasoline cloth. Other solvent of
commemercial paint can be used instead of gasoline.

3) Application of epoxyresin

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After drying, Epoxyresin shall be applied.

Epoxyresin and curing agent should e mixed throughly.
The pot life of epoxyresin is decided on volume of the batch and the
temperature. At room temperature, the pot life of the mixture of epoxyresin is
about 40 minutes.

4) Curing of epoxyresin
Epoxyresin cures at room temperature by mixing of harder.
Curing generally completed for one or two days.

Notice
These material should be handled carefully. If the material touches skin,
immediately wash the skin with water throughly.

9. Scale inhibition for fresh water generator

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Mechanism of scale inhibition is to prevent scale deposits by dispersing as well as

delaying reaction, which is called as threshold effect. Scale formation of calcium
carbonate is produced by heating and enriching sea water into feed water. M-305 ensures
stable fresh water production without long time cleaning.

10. Typical physical properties

Appearance : Light red yellow liquid

Specific gravity : 1.07 ± 0.03
PH : 10.4 ± 0.5

11. Dosage
Dosage is based on the standard of 30 gram per 1 ton produced water in case of
submerged. Tube type distilling plant whose brine densities lower than 1.5 scale
electromagentic pump or vacuum injection system. Please refer to the attached chemical
cosing chart.

12. Trouble Shooting

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Problem Cause Consequence Solution

Low sea water Scale on the heater Fully open s.w feed valve &
feed rate tube check the orifice & close the s.w
outlet valve to increase the back
press. Min 0.2bar & cleaning the
plate.
Solenoid valve is Product water return Check the solenoid valve inside
not working to the chamber after power off
Jacket water flow The difference of J.W Increase the J.W flow rate by
rate is not enough temp. is too high & by-pass valve or temp. control
S.W temp. is too low setting of J.W system.
Sea water flow rate The water ejector inlet Pls, check the sea water ejector
is not enough press. is too low pump & check the valve of s.w
line as suc. & dis. & overboard
line & discharge the remaining
air of the pipe inside.
Low Rotate direction is The discharge press. Change the distillate pump’s
Capacity not correct of of distillate pump is phase.
distillate pump too low
The outlet line The discharge press. Pls open the distillate water
valve of distillate of distillate pump is outlet line valve.
water closed too high
The clogging the The discharge press. Pls cleaning the distillate water
distillate water of distillate pump is outlet line by air.
outlet line too high
Vacuum condition Low vacuum Pls check all of valves on the
is no good manual should be closed & more
tight the bolt & nut of cover. Pls
check the s.w ejector pump s the
above. Pls check the water
ejector as below.
Hot water temp. is Increase the J.W temp. as spec.
low or our drawing.
Flowmeter is clogging Cleaing the flowmeter.
Non return valve is Non condensable Pls check the mounting direction
malfunction gas or brine is not and inside condition.
extracted

Problem Cause Consequence Solution

Inside nozzle Re-tight the nozzle of water
released ejector.

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The outlet press. is Pls check the ejector outlet

Water ejector higher than 0.8 bar piping.
malfunction Inside nozzle is worn Change the new nozzle.
or corroded
The discharge press. Close the overboard line valve
of water ejector is and increase the press. as
negative positive.
Leak on the condenser Pls demount the condenser
cover & do it the leak test in
case there is leak, pls change
the condenser tube
Salinity indicator mal- Salinity fluctuating Pls check the salinity sensor &
function & wrong indicating controller as manual
Too much capacity Reduced the capacity
Salinity high Evaporating temp. is Open the vacuum breaker
too low valve and increase the eva.
temp.
Demister is wrong Check the demister and
position remount it.
Distillate water outlet Cleaning the distilled water
clogging outlet line by air
Brine extraction is not Check the water ejector as the
sufficient above.
Distilled water outlet Cleaning the distilled water
line clogging outlet line by air.
Distillate pump is out Check the distillate pump.
Overflow of order
on the air Distilled water outlet Open the distilled water line
suction line line valve closed valve.
Leaking on the pipe Check the pipe line from con.
line to pump.
Jacket water temp. is Increase the jacket water inlet
Evaporating too low temp.
temp. is low Jacket water flow rate Increase the jacket water flow
is not enough rate.

Problem Cause Consequence Solution

Water ejector mal- Brine extraction is Check the water ejector as the
Function no good above.

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Distilled water line Discharge of Pls check the distilled water

Evaporating malfunction distilled water is outlet line.
temp. high no good
Condenser malfunction Temp. difference of Pls check the condenser plate.
s.w side is too low
S.W flow is not enough Pls check the s.w line & ejector
Pump.
Ejector pump is too low Check the s.w ejector pump.
The nozzle of water Re-tightening the water ejector
Brine ejector release nozzle.
extraciton is Back press. is too high Examine the check valve and
not sufficient direction.
Orifice of s.w feed line Pls check the orifice inner
is not corredt Diameter.
Suction strainer is Clean the s.w strainer.
blocked
Too low front Suc. & discharge valve Examine the valve and full
Pressure of closed open
Ejector Ejector pump is mal- Check the s.w ejector pump.
Function
The rotate direction of Change the phase of s.w
s.w pump is opposite ejector
pump
The pump The motor is out of Change the motor.
does not run order
The pump has seized Change/repair the motor.
The pump sucks air Repair the leaking part.
The specified The suction pipe and/or Clean it.
flow rate is Strainer is clogged
not reached The impeller is clogged Clean it.
The direction of motor Recover the normal direction
Rotation is reverse of rotation.
The pump sucks air Repair the leaking part.
The revolution speed Check the power source.
The specified Has reduced down
Is not The casing ring is worn Replace it with a new one.
reached down
The impeller is worn Replace it with a new one.
down

Problem Cause Consequence Solution

At starting, Air remain in the Discharge the remaining air
water is suction pipe out of pipe.

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discharged The pump sucks air Check the mechanical seal.

but stops through the stuffing box
soon
The bearing is defective Replace it with new one.
The motor is The mechanical seal is Replace it with new one.
Loaded damaged
excessively The shaft connection is Correct the alignment of the
bad Shaft.
The impeller is Reassemble the pump properly.
unbalanced
The bearing is assembled Reassemble the bearing prpperly
The pump wrongly
vibrates The shaft connection is Correct the alignment of the
abnormally bad Shaft.
The shaft is bending Replace it with a new one.
The pump is not installed Reinstalled the pump.
properly
The bearing is worn Replace it with new one.
down
The bearing is assembled Reassemble the bearing properly
wrongly
The bearing The shaft connection is Correct the alignment of the
is overheated bad shaft.
The shaft is bending Replace it with a new one.
The thrust is increased Reassemble the bearing.

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DONGHWA ENTEC [Link] STARTING UP REPORT

Date If there is some problem of [Link]
[Link] erator, Please fill out this attached
or type data sheet and send to us.
Serial No.
Name of Ship
Hull No.
Ship Yard
Filled by
Customer
Owner
start test 1 test 2 test 3
From
1. CHECKING TIME To
Difference hour
Start liter
End liter
2. FLOW METER
Difference liter
Capacity TPD
S.W. temp. inlet ℃
S.W. temp. outlet ℃
3. CONDENSER
Difference ℃
S.W. flow rate m3/hr
J.W. temp. inlet ℃
J.W. temp. outlet ℃
Difference ℃
4. HEATER
J.W. flow rate m3/hr
Steam Press
kg/cm2G
./back press.
Vessel Temp. ℃
Vacuum mmHg
5. CHAMBER Salinity ppm
Feed w. inlet
kg/cm2G
pressure
6. DISTILLATE P/P Discharge pressure kg/cm2G
Suction pressure kg/cm2G
[Link] P/P
Discharge pressure kg/cm2G
Suction pressure kg/cm2G
[Link] Ejector
Discharge pressure kg/cm2G
9. By-pass valve Closed ％
10. Main engine Load ％

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