ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Q1. Explain photoelectric effect and plot curve between
frequency of ejected electron and intensity
Q2. Explain postulates of Bohr theory and write the formula
for energy, radius and velocity of an electron in nth orbit of
hydrogen atom
Q3. Explain the following
(i) Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity
(ii) Pauli’s exclusion principle
(iii) Heisenberg uncertainty principle
(iv) Aufbau principle (n+l rule)
Q4. Describe all four quantum numbers.
Also explain the electronic configuration of Cr, K and Na
Q5. The Vividh Bharati station of All India Radio, Delhi,
broadcasts on a frequency of 1,368 kHz (kilo hertz). Calculate
the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by
transmitter. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum
does it belong to?
Q6. A 100 watt bulb emits monochromatic light of
wavelength 400 nm. Calculate the number of photons
emitted per second by the bulb.
Q7. When electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 300 nm
falls on the surface of sodium, electrons are emitted with a
kinetic energy of 1.68 ×105 J mol–1. What is the minimum
energy needed to remove an electron from sodium? What is
the maximum wavelength that will cause a photoelectron to
be emitted?
Q8. The threshold frequency ν0 for a metal is 7.0 ×1014 s–1. Calculate the kinetic
energy of an electron emitted when radiation of frequency ν =1.0 ×1015 s–1 hits the
metal.
Q9. What are the frequency and wavelength of a
photon emitted during a transition from n = 5 state to
the n = 2 state in the hydrogen atom?
Q10. Calculate the energy associated with the first orbit of
He+. What is the radius of this orbit?
Q11. Explain de Broglie hypothesis and also calculate the
mass of an electron is 9.1×10–31 kg. If its K.E. is 3.0×10–25 J,
calculate its wavelength.
Q12. A golf ball has a mass of 40g, and a speed of 45 m/s. If
the speed can be measured within accuracy of 2%, calculate
the uncertainty in the position.
Q13. A microscope using suitable photons is employed to
locate an electron in an atom within a distance of 0.1 Å.
What is the uncertainty involved in the measurement of its
velocity?
Q14. What is the number of photons of light with a
wavelength of 4000 pm that provide 1J of energy?
Q15. Electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 242 nm is just
sufficient to ionise the sodium atom. Calculate the ionisation
energy of sodium in kJ mol–1
Q16. A 25 watt bulb emits monochromatic yellow light of
wavelength of 0.57µm. Calculate the rate of emission of
quanta per second.
Q17. Electrons are emitted with zero velocity from a metal
surface when it is exposed to radiation of wavelength 6800
Å. Calculate threshold frequency (ν0 ) and work function (W0
) of the metal.
Q18. What is the wavelength of light emitted when the
electron in a hydrogen atom undergoes transition from an
energy level with n = 4 to an energy level with n = 2?
Q19. How much energy is required to ionise a H atom if the
electron occupies n = 5 orbit? Compare your answer with the
ionization enthalpy of H atom (energy required to remove
the electron from n =1 orbit).
Q20. What is the maximum number of emission lines when
the excited electron of a H atom in n = 6 drops to the ground
state?
Q21.
(i) The energy associated with the first orbit in the hydrogen
atom is –2.18 × 10–18 J atom–1. What is the energy associated
with the fifth orbit?
(ii) Calculate the radius of Bohr’s fifth orbit for hydrogen
atom.
Q22. Calculate the wavenumber for the longest wavelength
transition in the Balmer series of atomic hydrogen.
Q23. The electron energy in hydrogen atom is given by En =
(–2.18 × 10–18 )/n2 J. Calculate the energy required to remove
an electron completely from the n = 2 orbit. What is the
longest wavelength of light in cm that can be used to cause
this transition?
Q24. Calculate the wavelength of an electron moving with a
velocity of 2.05 × 107 m s–1.
Q25. The mass of an electron is 9.1 × 10–31 kg. If its K.E. is 3.0
× 10–25 J, calculate its wavelength.
Q26. Explain, giving reasons, which of the following sets of
quantum numbers are not possible.
(a) n = 0, l = 0, ml = 0, ms = + ½
(b) n = 1, l = 0, ml = 0, ms = – ½
(c) n = 1, l = 1, ml = 0, ms = + ½
(d) n = 2, l = 1, ml = 0, ms = – ½
(e) n = 3, l = 3, ml = –3, ms = + ½
(f) n = 3, l = 1, ml = 0, ms = + ½
Assignment
• Show that the circumference of the Bohr orbit for the hydrogen atom is an
integral multiple of the de Broglie wavelength associated with the electron
revolving around the orbit.
• What transition in the hydrogen spectrum would have the same
wavelength as the Balmer transition n = 4 to n = 2 of He+ spectrum ?
• If the diameter of a carbon atom is 0.15 nm, calculate the number of
carbon atoms which can be placed side by side in a straight line across
length of scale of length 20 cm long.
• In Milikan’s experiment, static electric charge on the oil drops has been
obtained by shining X-rays. If the static electric charge on the oil drop is
–1.282 × 10–18C, calculate the number of electrons present on it.
• An element with mass number 81 contains 31.7% more neutrons as
compared to protons. Assign the atomic symbol.
• Nitrogen laser produces a radiation at a wavelength of 337.1 nm. If the
number of photons emitted is 5.6 × 1024, calculate the power of this
laser.
• In astronomical observations, signals observed from the distant stars are
generally weak. If the photon detector receives a total of 3.15 × 10–18 J
from the radiations of 600 nm, calculate the number of photons received
by the detector.
• The ejection of the photoelectron from the silver metal in the
photoelectric effect experiment can be stopped by applying the voltage
of 0.35 V when the radiation 256.7 nm is used. Calculate the work
function for silver metal.
• Calculate the wavelength for the emission transition if it starts from the
orbit having radius 1.3225 nm and ends at 211.6 pm. Name the series
to which this transition belongs and the region of the spectrum.
• The bromine atom possesses 35 electrons. It contains 6 electrons in 2p
orbital, 6 electrons in 3p orbital and 5 electron in 4p orbital. Which of
these electron experiences the lowest effective nuclear charge ?
• Among the following pairs of orbitals which orbital will experience the
larger effective nuclear charge? (i) 2s and 3s, (ii) 4d and 4f, (iii) 3d and
3p.
