Business Mathematics

Quarter 1
Week 1
Fractions, Decimals and Percentage

Learner’s Packet
Senior High School

Business Mathematics
Fraction, Decimals and Percentage

Prepared by:
FLORABEL F. HILARIO
MT-1, MORONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 LESSON 1: FRACTIONS, DECIMALS AND
PERCENTAGE

This topic will be discussed in the presentation of fractions to decimal and percent forms,
decimal to fraction and percent forms, and percent to fractions and decimal forms to promote
business computing.

What I Know
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the percentage vale of 5/4?
a. 10%
b. 80%
c. 101%
d. 125%
2. Which of the following describe the statement: Reduce fraction to decimal?
a. Adding the numerator to the denominator.
b. Moving the decimal two places to the left.
c. Multiplying the whole number to the numerator then add the denominator.
d. Simply perform division.
3. Which of the following values represents a decimal number?.
a. ½
b. 50 percent
c. 1,255
d. Π
4. The staff of the company increased from 30 to 50. What was the percent increase?
a. 50%
b. 55%
c. 60%
d. 67%
5. A shop offers 25% holiday sale off form the original price. What fraction was taken form the
price?
a. 1/5
b. 2/3
c. ¼
d. 1/2
6. In the recently concluded Mathematics test, 92 percent of 437 examinees passed the exam. How
many students failed?
a. 5
b. 35
c. 54
d. 402

1
 7. If a kilo of pork costs 355 pesos, how much does 2 and ¼ kilos costs?
a. 720
b. 750.25
c. 789.25
d. 798.75
8. Ceto bought a pizza and ate 1/3 of it. His brother 1/3 of what is left. How much of the total pizza
was left?
a. 1/3
b. ¼
c. 2/3
d. ¾
9. Atarah earned 27,500 pesos for working for 9 hrs. How much will she earn is she will work for
24.75 hrs?
a. P 55,286.333
b. P 65,425.003
c. P 75,625
d. P 81,125
10. The width of the rectangle is ½ of its length. If the perimeter of the rectangle is 6 meters. What is
the length of the rectangle?
a. 1m
b. 2m
c. 3m
d. 4m

What’s In

Recall that a Fraction – is a part of a whole. It is made up of a numerator and a denominator. The
numerator is the number above the fraction bar; the denominator is the number below the
fraction bar. We call a fraction a proper fraction if the numerator is smaller than the
denominator.

For example: and are proper fractions. If the numerator is greater than or equal to the

denominator, the fraction is said to be an improper fraction. Examples of improper fractions

include and . A fraction is considered a mixed fraction when the whole number is added

with a fraction. Examples include 2 and 5 . Two types of a fraction are Similar fractions-

fractions of the same denominator with an example of and whereas different denominator

is called dissimilar fractions (when simplified). Some examples are and .

2
Complete the crossword by filling in a word that fits each clue

What is it

Converting Fraction to Decimal

We said that the line separating the numerator and the denominator of a fraction shows division.
The denominator is the divisor, and the numerator is the dividend. To reduce fractions to

decimal, we simply perform division. If we try to change into a decimal, we’re going to
divide 1 by 4.

1÷4 = .25, therefore = .25. Another example: in decimal, divide 4 by 5. 4/5 = 0.8

therefore = 0.8

Converting Decimal to Fraction

We defined decimals as parts of units divided into any power of 10, we said that if a unit is
divided into 10 parts, we have tenths: 100 parts, we have hundredths; and so on. Therefore, to

3
move the decimal to the fraction, we convert the decimal to the denominator fraction in multiples
of 10 (10, 100, 1000, etc.) and minimize the fraction to the lowest. For example,

÷
0.50= = ÷
=
0.50 has two decimal points on it. Our denominator has to have two zeroes, and thus 100. We
divide 50 by 50, and we get 1 and we divide 100 by 50, and we get 2; thus, the result is = 1/2.
÷
0.625= = ÷
=

625 has 3 decimal places. Our denominator has to have three zeroes; hence, in 1000. Reducing ,

we divide 625 by 125 to arrive at 5; we divide 100 by 125 to arrive at 8; hence our answer is .
÷
.0572= = ÷
=
0572 has four decimal points. Our denominator must have four (4) zeroes, and thus 10,000. The
only common denominator that can accurately divide 572 and 1000 is 4. If we divide by 4, we reduce our

fraction to .
situation, it's moving from after the two (2) to before the nine, to give your final answer 0.92!

4
What’s More
Direction: Use your answer to guide you to the end of the maze (Converting fraction to decimal).

Start 43/100 59/100 2/50

0.43
8/20 0.4
C 0.44
A
B D

0.15 0.8 0.59 0.21

0.81 0.41
0.13

24/100 14/50 93/100

0.59 0.59
13/25 0.2
8
E F G H

0.5 0.29 0.24 0.19 0.3 0.9

0.93
9 9

62/100 8/100 9/10

I 0.12
0.8 00.3 FINISH
.9
J K

What I Have Learned

FRACTION Put over a PERCENT Divide by FRACTION

denominator of 100 100
and simplify

PERCENT DECIMAL FRACTION

37.5% .375 375/100= 15/4 = 3 ¾
90%
2%

5
 12.5%
200%
31%
48%
124%
136%
55%

What can I do

Write your insights about the lesson using the prompts below:

I understand that ______________________________________________________________

I realize that ______________________________________________________________

I still want to learn on

______________________________________________________________

What it is
Converting Fraction to Percent
To convert fractions to percent, we change the fraction into decimal (by performing division) and
move the decimal point two places to the right, then affix the percent symbol (%). For some
examples,

1. = 1÷2 = .50 = 50%

2. = 7÷12 = .5833 =58.33%

6
You can also convert a fraction to a percentage by dividing the top number by the bottom

number, then multiplying the result by 100%, e.g. converting to a percentage, first dividing 5

by 8: 5÷8 = 0.625, then multiplying by 100%: 0.625 x 100% = 62.5%, then = 62.5%.

Converting Decimals to Percent

In order to convert decimal to percent, we move the decimal point two places to the right and
affix the percent symbol (%). For examples,

1. 0.70 = 70%
2. 1.25 = 125%
3. 0.012 =1.2%
4. 0.0055 =.55%

7
 What’s More

Direction: Use your answer to guide you to the end of the maze (Converting decimal to a percent).

Start 0.1
0.84
0.343
40 10% 80%
C
0.622 %

A
B D

78% 59% 12%

30% 1% 8%
62.2%

0.695 0.776 0.9

0.33
69.5 3% 5%
%

E F G H

33% 24 10%
20 24% 4% 19%

% %
4/7
4/7
.3 0.857 0.995
30 85.7% 99.5% FINISH
%
I J K

What I have Learned

FRACTION Divide DECIMAL Multiply by 100 PERCENT

numerator by
denominator

FRACTION DECIMAL PERCENT

1/2 0.5 50%
3/4

8
 2/5
1/8
7/8
5/6
1/3
2/9
3/16
7/15

What can I do

Write your insights about the lesson using the prompts below:

I understand that ______________________________________________________________

I realize that ______________________________________________________________

I still want to learn on

______________________________________________________________

What it is
Converting Fraction to Percent
To convert fractions to percent, we change the fraction into decimal (by performing division) and
move the decimal point two places to the right, then affix the percent symbol (%). For some
examples,

3. = 1÷2 = .50 = 50%

4. = 7÷12 = .5833 =58.33%

9
You can also convert a fraction to a percentage by dividing the top number by the bottom

number, then multiplying the result by 100%, e.g. converting to a percentage, first dividing 5

by 8: 5÷8 = 0.625, then multiplying by 100%: 0.625 x 100% = 62.5%, then = 62.5%.

Converting Decimals to Percent

In order to convert decimal to percent, we move the decimal point two places to the right and
affix the percent symbol (%). For examples,

5. 0.70 = 70%
6. 1.25 = 125%
7. 0.012 =1.2%
8. 0.0055 =.55%

10
What’s More

Direction: Use your answer to guide you to the end of the maze (Converting percent to a fraction).

Start 20%
50%
75%
2/3 C 1/2
8% 5/7
5/
A
B D

31/50 8/11 4/5 7/1

2/25 6/11
5/8 0

66
15% 80% 60%
97/125
25% 33/100 3/20

E F G H

3/10 11/ 3/5

8/99 3/4 3/70 4/7
1/2
/2
12 ½% 6 2/3% 37 ½%
I 1/2/5 J 1/15 1/6 FINISH
K 0.9

What I Have Learned

DECIMAL Multiply by PERCENT Put over a DECIMAL

100 denominator of 100
and simplify

DECIMAL PERCENT FRACTION

2.5 250% 10/4 = 2 1/2
0.6
0.45

11
 0.18
0.125
0.04
0.12
0.85
0.50
0.75

What can I do

Write your insights about the lesson using the prompts below:

I understand that ______________________________________________________________

I realize that ______________________________________________________________

I still want to learn on

______________________________________________________________

Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following statement describes a proper fraction?
e. If the numerator is smaller than the denominator.
f. If the numerator is larger than the denominator.
g. If the numerator is equal to the denominator.
h. If a whole number and fraction is combined.
2. These are parts of units divided into any power of 10.
e. Fraction
f. Decimal
g. Percentage
h. Numbers
3. Which of the following statement bests describe the conversion of percent to decimal?
a. Move two decimal places to the left.
b. Move two decimal places to the right.
c. Move two decimal places to the left and affix the percent sign (%).

12
 d. Move two decimal places to the right and affix the percent sign (%).
4.Which of the following statement is true when converting fraction to decimal.
a. Add the numerator to the denominator.
b. Subtract the numerator to the denominator.
c. Multiply the numerator by the denominator.
d. Divide the numerator by the denominator.
5.What is the value of ¼ in terms of decimal?
a. 0
b. 0.25
c. 0.55
d. 0.75
6.What is the percentage value of 1/5?
a. 10%
b. 20%
c. 30%
d. 40%
7. If 50 percent is 0.50, what is for of 5%?
a. 5
b. 0.5
c. 0.1
d. 0.05
8. Which of the following best represents the fraction form of 80 percent?
a. 80/100
b. 8/10
c. 6/9
d. 4/5
9. How do we convert 0.10 in percentage?
a. Divide 0.10 by 10
b. Multiply 0.10 by 100
c. Divide 0.10 by 100 then add the percent sign
d. Multiply 0.10 by 10 then add the percent sign
10. What is the fraction form of 0.09?
a. 1/10
b. 9/10
c. 1/100
d. 9/100

13
Additional Activity

How are fractions, decimals and percentages used in everyday life?

14
ANSWER KEY
What I have Learned

PERCENT DECIMAL FRACTION

37.5% .375 375/100= 15/4 = 3 ¾
90% .90 45/50
2% .02 1/50
12% .12 3/25
200% .2 2/1 =2
31% .31 31/100
48% .48 12/25
124% 1.24 31/25
136% 1.36 34/25
55% .55 11/20

FRACTION DECIMAL PERCENT

1/2 0.5 50%
3/4 0.75 75%
2/5 0.40 40%
1/8 0.125 12.5%
7/8 0.875 87.5%
5/6 0.833 83.3%
1/3 0.333 33.3%
2/9 0.222 22.2%
3/16 0.1875 18.75%
7/15 0.4666 46.66%

DECIMAL PERCENT FRACTION

2.5 250% 10/4 = 2 1/2
0.6 60% 3/5
0.45 45% 9/20
0.18 18% 9/50
0.20 20% 1/5
0.04 4% 1/25
0.12 12% 3/25
0.80 80% 4/5
0.50 50% 1/2
0.75 75% 3/4

15
Assessment
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. B
6. B
7. D
8. D
9. C
10. D

References

(Mariano-Lopez, N. Business Mathematics. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc; (2016).

https://amsi.org.au/teacher_modules/fractions.html

https://www.homeschoolmath.net/worksheets/fraction-decimal.php

https://www.math-salamanders.com/fractions-decimals-percents-worksheets.html

16
Senior High School

Business Mathematics
Solving Real-Life Problems Involving
Fractions, Decimals and Percentage

Prepared by:
ALJESSE M. ARROYO
MT-1, MORONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 LESSON 2: SOLVING REAL – LIFE PROBLEMS
INVOLVING FRACTIONS, DECIMALS AND
PERCENTAGE

We need to understand the ways to use fractions, decimals, and percentages in our everyday life.
Daily, we encounter ideas related to these topics such as shopping and budgeting, estimation and
measurement, interpreting the result of your examination, and understanding the maps around
you.

More so, understanding these concepts for numeracy also leads the foundation to more complex
mathematical ideas. If you understand fractions, decimals, and percentages, you also have the
basis for learning topics in algebra, geometry, and trigonometry.

What’s In

Match the description in the Phrase Pool for Fraction, Decimal, and Percentage by writing the
answer on their corresponding box.

Fraction Decimal Percent

_______________ ________________ ________________

_______________ ________________ ________________

_______________ ________________ ________________

_______________ ________________ ________________

_______________ ________________ ________________

1
Phrase Pool

A part of a whole Fraction of 100 Number of equal

parts

Denoted with
Written with a % sign system
Base-10
decimal point

Extension of whole
number system

What’s New

Match the description in the Statement Pool for Fraction, Decimal, and Percentage by writing the
answer on their corresponding box.

Fraction Decimal
_______________ ________________ Percentage
_______________ ________________ ________________
_______________ ________________ ________________
_______________ ________________ ________________
_______________ ________________ ________________
________________

2
Statement Pool

Battery Charge of Normal body Half moon

your phone temperature

9.83 liters of
¼ kilo of onion water Quarters in
Passing rate in basketball
examination

What is it

We use fractions every day, quite often to describe parts of a whole (e.g., half an hour, third
quarter of the basketball game, one-fourth of a cup of flour).

Trivia:

The president of the Philippines is the head of state and the head of government of the
Philippines. There have been 16 presidents that have led the Philippines including the incumbent
president, President Rodrigo Duterte. Two out of Sixteen (2/16 or 1/8) are female presidents and
(14/16 or 7/8) are male presidents.

We use decimals in situations where more precision is required than the whole number can
provide. (e.g. length of a stick, your height, the distance of your home to your school)

Trivia:

The normal body temperature can range between 36.1 C and 37.2 C or more. Your body
temperature can vary depending on how active you are or the time of day. Generally, older
people have lower body temperatures than younger people have.

We use percentages every day to solve a problem that requires proportional reasoning. When you
are using percentages, the whole is considered to be made up of a hundred equal parts. You can

3
therefore consider each ‘whole’ as broken up into 100 equal parts, each one of which is a single
percent. (e.g. 50% of the population is single, 100% of the class passed all their subjects)

Trivia:

According to the PRC, more than 75 percent or 3,538 out of the 4,704 takers passed the licensure
exam for physicians in the only board exams held this 2020 amid the coronavirus pandemic.

What’s More

Give five (5) real-life examples of fractions, decimals, and percent that can be found in your
community.

What I Have Learned

Read the sentences carefully and fill in the missing word/s by writing your answer on the blanks
provided.

1. We use ___________ when we describe part of a whole.

2. We use ___________ to express tenths, hundredths, thousandths (and beyond) of a unit.
3. We use ___________ when you stand on a weighing scale and the value cannot be
expressed as a whole number.
4. We use _____________ when the whole is considered to be made up of a hundred equal
parts.
5. We use _____________ when we expressed one number over the other.
6. We use _____________ when the store will discount an item from its original price.

4
What I Can Do

My Pizza Report

List down possible dimensions and measurements in fractions, decimals, and proportion for your
12-inch-pizza below.

Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following represents any number of equal parts?
a. Fraction
b. Decimals
c. Percentage
d. Place Value
2. Which of the following statement best describes the percentage?
a. The whole is considered to be made up of a hundred equal parts.
b. Precision is required then the whole number can provide.
c. It consists of a numerator and a denominator.
d. A shorthand way to write fractions and mixed numbers with denominators that are powers of
10.
3. Which of the following situation does not represent a decimal?
a. Pi (π)
b. 1/3 portion of land
c. 2.53 grams of salt
d. 1.75 hectare of land
4. If a pen costs P7 and a pencil costs P5.5, how many percent of your money will be left if you
have P500 and bought 20 pcs of pen and 15 pcs of a pencil.
a. 44.5%
b. 45 %
c. 55%
d. 55.5%

5
 5. The class is composed of nine 10-year-old, twenty 11-year-old, and thirteen 12-year-old. What is
the percentage of 11-year-old in class?
a. 21%
b. 31%
c. 41%
d. 48%
6. The staff of the company decreased from 50 to 20. What was the percent decrease?
a. 50%
b. 55%
c. 60%
d. 65%
7. A shop offers 75% off the original price. What fraction is taken off the price?
a. ¼
b. ¾
c. 25%
d. 75%
8. In a survey, 2 out of 8 people preferred iced coffee over milk tea. What is this figure in
percentage?
a. ¼
b. ½
c. 25%
d. 50%
9. In the recently concluded test of 1450 students, 10 percent of the takers failed. How many
students passed the test?
a. 145
b. 155
c. 1000
d. 1305
For items 10-12, refer to the following:
The population of Bagong Nayon is estimated to increase by 9.5 percent for the next years. According to
the recent census, the population of the town is 12,200.
10. What will be the population of the town after 1 year?
a. 11000
b. 12200
c. 13359
d. 14539
11. How many residents will be added to the population after two years?
a. 1159
b. 2318
c. 2428
d. 3118
12. What is the total population of Bagong Nayon after 3 years?
a. 14,628
b. 15,286
c. 16,061

6
 d. 17,862
For items 13-15, refer to the following
The width of the rectangle is ½ of its length. If the perimeter of the rectangle is 6 meters.
13. How long is the width of the rectangle?
a. 1m
b. 2m
c. 3m
d. 4m
14. What is the length of the rectangle?
a. 1m
b. 2m
c. 3m
d. 4m
15. What is the area of the rectangle?
a. 1m2
b. 2m2
c. 3m2
d. 4m2

Additional Activities
Solve the following problems.
1. Alek scored 450 out of 510 on the Science test while his elder brother Van scored 725 out of 800
on the Mathematics test. Who’s scored percentage is better?
2. yen got 95 percent in the examination. If she scored 247, what are the total points for the exam?
3. Andrew spent 1/5 of the money he earned from his savings on a toy car. He also spent ½ of the
money on a box of chocolate. What fraction of payment did he spend?

7
Answer Key
1. A
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. D
6. C
7. B
8. A
9. D
10. C
11. C
12. C
13. A
14. B
15. B

References

(Mariano-Lopez, N. Business Mathematics. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc; (2016).

https://amsi.org.au/teacher_modules/fractions.html

https://www.homeschoolmath.net/worksheets/fraction-decimal.php

https://www.math-salamanders.com/fractions-decimals-percents-worksheets.html

8
Senior High School

Business Mathematics
Ratio and Proportion

Prepared by:

HAZEL B. DOLORES
MT-II, MORONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
 Week

3
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the key concepts of ratio and proportion. The scope of this module permits it to
be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence
of the course.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Explain the concept of Ratio and Proportion
2. Identify the different kinds proportions and write examples of real-life situations for
each.

What I Know
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.
1. It is a comparison of two or more quantities (number) with the same unit.
a. Ratio b. Proportion c. Percentage d. Rate

2. It is a statement of two equal ratios.

a. Ratio b. Proportion c. Percentage d. Rate

3. Which of the following is NOT a kind of proportion?

a. Direct b. Inverse c. Percentage d. Partitive

4. A number is directly proportionate to another when as one value increases, so does

the other.
a. Direct b. Inverse c. Percentage d. Partitive

5. It involves identifying parts of a whole based on a given ratio of these parts.

a. Direct b. Inverse c. Percentage d. Partitive

1
6. A number is indirectly proportionate to another when as one value increases, the
other decreases.
a. Direct b. Inverse c. Percentage d. Partitive

7. The length and the width of a rectangle is in the ratio 2:5. If its perimeter is 42 cm,
find its length and width.
a. L=6cm, W=15cm b. L=7cm, W=15cm
c. L=6cm, W=16cm D. L=7cm, W=16cm

8. What is the inverse ratio of 12:13?

a. 12:14 b. 21:31 c. 13:12 d. 31:12

9. Given = . Solve for the unknown value of x.

a. 10 b. 9 c. 8 d. 7

10. Fifteen men can paint a building in 20 days. How many days will it take 30 men to
paint the same building?
a. 9 days b. 10 days c. 11 days d. 12 days

2
 Ratio and Proportion

What’s In
Before you proceed to the new lesson, let us recall first what you have learned
from the previous lesson.

Complete Me!
Complete the table:

Fraction Decimal Percent

1. 8
5
2. 0.375
3. 0.5
4. 3
11
5. 16%
6. 91%
7. 3
6
8. 0.15
9. 1
2
10 25%

What’s New
Ratios are generally used in business in cases of partnership sharing of profits
and losses. Assume that Mira, Celestine and Nicole are partners sharing profits and

3
losses in the ratio of 1:2:3, respectively. If the partnership incurred a net loss of
₱10,000.00 for the month, the share of the partners in the loss would be:

Mira = x ₱15,000.00 = ₱2,500.00

Celestine = x ₱15,000.00 = ₱5,000.00

Nicole = x ₱15, 000. 00 = ₱7, 500.00

= = ₱ 15,000.00

Take note that if we add the ratios, we get or one, which means one whole. It is

the total of the shares if added giving us ₱ 15,000.00.

What is It
Ratio is a comparison of two or more quantities (numbers) with the same unit.
The ratio of a number to a number is denoted by any of the following notation:
to :

All these notations are read as " to " or " to "

When a ratio is used to compare two quantities of different units of measure, it is
called a rate.

There are two ways of finding the ratio:

1. Division
If there are 20 boys and 30 girls, we find the ratio by dividing 20 boys by 30 girls
!
and reduce it to lowest term, that is, = = 2: 3. On the other hand, the ratio of girls to
!
!
boys is !
= = 3: 2. It is usually express ratios in terms of whole number.

2. Comparing numerators of fractions with the same denominator

If we have a total of 100 T-shirts of 30 small-sized, 50 medium-sized, and 20
large-sized T-shirts, we have

4
 !!
small
!!
!
medium
!!
!
large
!!

To get the ratio, we compare the numerator, hence, we say that the ratio of
small: medium: large is 30:50:20 or 3:5:2. Adding all the numerators should give us the
denominator. To check, 30+50+20=100. This is because the total of the parts equals the
whole. In the following problems we will solve, make sure that you double-check the
answer to ensure accuracy.

Examples:
1. One teacher is assigned as adviser to 55 students. Find the ratio of teacher to
students.
Answer: 1:55

2. There are two baskets in the table, one basket contains 10 apples and the second
basket contains 20 bananas. Find the ratio: (a) apples to bananas, (b) bananas to the
number of fruits.
! !
Answer: (a) 10: 20, , (b). 20: 30, ,
! !

A proportion is a statement of two equal ratios. A proportion maybe written in

any of the forms:
"
= : = $: %
#
Where a and d are called extremes while b and c are called the means. In a
proportion, the product of the means is equal to the product of the extremes (for fraction
, this can be done by cross multiplication)
"
= where b and d ≠ 0 , then % = $
#

Example: Solve for the unknown value of ': 25 = 3: 15

Solution 1

5
 ': 25 = 3: 15

15' = 75 Find the product of the means and the product of the extremes

= Divide both sides of the equation by the number next to the variable

'=5 to find the unknown value.

Solution2:
': 25 = 3: 15
= Convert the colon-based odds-notation ratios to fractional form

= Solve the proportion using cross multiplication

15' = 75

= Divide both sides of the equation by the number next to the variable

'=5 to find the unknown value.

Three kinds of proportions:

1. Direct proportion-a number is directly proportionate to another when as one value
increases, so does the other.
For example, Mr. San Juan went to South Korea for a vacation. On a tour, he
noticed that each guide goes along with 5 tourists. If there are 5 guides, how many
tourists would they bring around?
The number of guide is directly proportional to the number of tourist.
Solution:
Given: 1 guide for 5 tourists
guide: tourist=guide:tourist
1: 5 = 5: '

' = 25 tourists
2. Indirect/Inverse proportion -a number is indirectly proportionate to another when
as one value increases, the other decreses.

6
 For example, Five students can complete a project in 4 weeks. How many men
will be needed if the project to be completed in 2 weeks?
Solution:
Given: 5 students in 4 weeks
more students: less students=more weeks:less weeks
': 5 = 4: 2
=

2' = 20
' = 10

3. Partitive Proportion-involves identifying parts of a whole based on a given ratio of

these parts.
For example, Thalia, Anna and Jasmine are business partners. They agreed to
divide their profits in the ratio of 1:2:3. How much should each receive if the total profit is
₱12,000.00?
Solution:
Given: ₱12,000.00 into parts 1:2:3
1 )* + + 2 )* + + 3 )* + = 6 )* +
1 )* + = 12,000 ÷ 6 )* + = 2,000
Therefore: 1 .2,000/ = 2,000 ; 2.2,000/ = 4,000; 3.2,000/6,000 = 12,000
Thalia=2,000 Anna=4,000 Jasmine=6,000

What’s More
Activity 1: Express each ratio in simplest form : (a) as a fraction (b) using colon
as fraction using colon
1. 25 to 40 ____________ ____________
2. 35 to 175 ____________ ____________
3. 15 to 105 ____________ ____________
4. 36 to 24 ____________ ____________
5. 8 to 32 ____________ ____________

7
6. 12 to 4 ____________ ____________
7. 5 to 45 ____________ ____________
8. 15 to 25 ____________ ____________
9. 2 to 12 ____________ ____________
10. 16 to 64 ____________ ____________

Activity 2: Solve for x in the following proportions and choose the word that
corresponds to the solution to each problem. Place the correct answer in the
corresponding line to find the hidden message.

________ _________ _________ _________ ________ ________;

1 2 3 4 5 6
________ _________ _________ __________ -Psalm 118:6
7 8 9 10

1. = is x=3

2. = Lord x=9

3. = The x=10
!

4. = on x=7
!

5. = I x=10.5
.
6. = !. fear x=12
.
7. = will x=
. .1

8. = 2 not x=225
3

9. = my x=21

10. =
4
side x=7.8

8
What I Have Learned
Let us summarize what you have learned from this module by completing the
following statements. Write the correct word/s in a separate sheet of paper.

1. ___________involves identifying parts of a whole based on a given ratio of these

parts.
2. ___________ a number is directly proportionate to another when as one value
increases, so does the other.
3. A ___________ is a statement of two equal ratios.
4. __________________a number is indirectly proportionate to another when as one
value increases, the other decreses.
5. ______________ is a comparison of two or more quantities (numbers) with the same
unit.

What I Can Do
EXPLORE DEEPER AND THINK WISELY
Now that you have a deeper understanding of the topic, you are now ready to
solve the problems below.

1. 20 tons of iron costs ₱400,000.00. Find the cost of 560 kg of iron.

2. Income of Bruno is ₱25,000.00 per month and that of Nicholas is ₱360,000.00 per
annum. If the monthly expedinture of each of them is ₱15,000.00 per month. Find the
ratio of their savings.

3. Find the ratio of the shaded part portion to the unshaded portion in the figure below.

9
4. If one box of mask contains 50 masks, the 5 boxes will contain how many masks?

5. In Rizal Manufacturing Corporation there are 125 female and 200 male employees.
Find the following ratio in the simplest form.
a. females to males
b. females to the total number of employees
c. males to females
d. males to the total number of employees

Your output will be graded using this rubric

CRITERIA EXCELLENT SATISFACTORY DEVELOPING BEGINNING
4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point
Accuracy of the Shows Shows solution Show solution The solution in
solution accurate in solving ratio in solving ratio solving ratio
solution in and proportion. and proportion and proportion
solving ratio with plenty of are all
and proportion. errors. erroneous.
Mathematical Shows Show clear Show limited Did not apply
Concept excellent understanding of understanding the concept of
understanding the concept of of the concept ratio and
of the concept solving real-life of solving real- proportion in
of solving rea- problems life problems solving real-life
life problems involving ratio involving ratio problems.
involving ratio and proportion. and proportion.
and proportion.

Assessment
Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter
on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Find the ratio of 2 hours and 115 minutes.

10
a. 24:23 b. 25:26 c. 23:24 d. 23:25

2. If x:2 and 5:6 are inverse of each other, find the value of x.
a. b. c. d.

3. Find the inverse ratio of 12:13.

a. 11: 12 b. 10:11 c. 12:13 d. 13:12

4. The length and width of a rectangle is in the ratio of 3:5. If its perimeter is 48 cm, find
its length and width.
a. L=9cm, W=15cm b. L=10cm, W=15cm
c. L=11cm, W=15cm d. L=15cm, W=9cm

5. Fill in the blanks: If two ratios are _______, then they are in proportion.
a. different b. dissimilar c. same d. unequal

6. Solve the unknown value of = .

1

a. x=13 b. x=12 c. x=14 d. x=11

7. Solve the unknown value of = .

!

a. x=4 b. x=5 c. x=6 d. x=7

5
8. Solve the unknown value of = .

a. x=4 b. x=5 c. x=6 d. x=7

9. A 75 meter steel pole is cut into two parts in the ratio of 10 to 5. How much longer is
the longer part than the shorter?
a. 20m b. 15m c. 25m d. 30m

10. Express the ratio 1 to 1 in simplest form.

11
a. 7:6 b. 8:6 c. 5:6 d. 7:8

For 11-12. An oil tank with a capacity of 250 gallons contains 50 gallons of oil.
11. Find the ratio of the number of gallons of oil in the tank to the capacity of the tank.
a. b. c. d.

12. What part of the tank is full?

a. b. c. d.

13. The length of the ribbon was originally 30cm . It was reduced in the ratio 5:3. What
is its length now?
a. 18cm b. 20cm c. 22cm d. 23 cm

14. Mother divided the money among Ben, Sam and Zenny in the ratio of 2:3:5. If
Zenny got ₱150.00, find the total amount of money divided to Ben, Sam and Zenny.
a. ₱250.00 b. ₱300.00 c.₱350.00 d. ₱400.00

3
6
15. Solve for the unknown value of = .

a. x=4 b. x=5 c. x=7 d. x=6

Additional Activities
Set up all possible proportions from the numbers 8,12,20,30.

12
Answer Key
What I Known What’s In
1. a
2. b Fraction Decimal Percent

3. c 1. 8 1.6 160%
5
4. a
2. 7 0.375 37.5%
5. d 8
6. b 3. 9 0.5 50%
7. a :
8. c 4. 3 0.2727 27.27%
11
9. b
5. ; 0.16 16%
10. b :<
6. =9 0.91 91%
9>>
7. 3 0.5 50%
6
8. 7 0.15 15%
:>
9. 1 0.5 50%
2
10 9 0.25 25%
;

What’s More
Activity 1
as fraction using colon
1. 5:8 6. 3:1
1

2. 1:5 7. 1:9
4

3. 1:7 8. 3:5

4. 3:2 9. 1:6

5. 1:4 10. 1:4

13
Activity 2
1. The 6. side
2. Lord 7. I
3. is 8. will
4. on 9. not
5. my 10. Fear

What I Have Learned What I Can Do

1. Partitive Proportion 1. ₱11,200.00
2. Direct Proportion 2. 2:3
3. Proportion 3. 5:11
4. Inderect/Inverse Proportion 4. 275 masks
5. Ratio 5. a. 5:8 b. 5:13 c. 8:5 d. 8:13

Assessment
1. a
2. c
3. d
4. a
5. c
6. b
7. a
8. a
9. c
10. a
11. c
12. c
13. a
14. b
15. d

14
References:
Mariano, N.D.L. (2016). Business Mathematics. Manila, Philippines: Rex Bookstore
https://ncert.nic.in/ncerts/l/feep108.pdf
http://www.hufsd.edu/assets/pdfs/academics/algebra_text/Chapter06.pdf

15
 Department of Education Division Rizal

Office Address: DepEd Bldg.,Cabrera Rd.,Bgy. Dolores,Taytay,Rizal 1920

Telephone number: 09274562115/09615294771