INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL ISSUES –

IDENTIFYING KEY GLOBAL

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 1 . 1 W H AT A R E G L O B A L
ISSUES
Global issues are significant challenges that
impact multiple countries and populations
worldwide.
• They require international cooperation
and long-term solutions to address their
causes and effects.
• Examples include climate change,
poverty, health crises, and human rights
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violations. 2
 WHY ARE GLOBAL ISSUES
IMPORTANT?
• They affect economic stability, security, and
quality of life for people worldwide.

• Many issues are interconnected, requiring joint

• Raising awareness helps promote sustainable

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 KEY GLOBAL CHALLENGES
a) Climate Change and Environmental Issues
• Causes: Greenhouse gas emissions,
deforestation, pollution.
• Effects: Rising global temperatures,
extreme weather, loss of biodiversity.
• Solutions: Use of renewable energy,
reducing carbon footprint, global
environmental agreements.

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 KEY GLOBAL CHALLENGES
b) Poverty and Economic Inequality
• Causes: Unemployment, lack of access
to education, political instability.
• Effects: Poor living conditions,
malnutrition, social unrest.
• Solutions: Fair trade policies, social
welfare programs, education and skill
development.

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 KEY GLOBAL CHALLENGES
c) Global Health Crises and Pandemics
• Examples: COVID-19, HIV/AIDS,
malnutrition, lack of healthcare.
• Effects: Loss of lives, economic instability,
overwhelmed health systems.
• Solutions: Vaccination programs,
investment in healthcare, global disease
surveillance.

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 KEY GLOBAL CHALLENGES
d) Education and Literacy Challenges
• Causes: Poverty, war, gender
discrimination, lack of infrastructure.
• Effects: Limited job opportunities,
increased poverty cycles, reduced
innovation.
• Solutions: Access to free primary
education, investment in schools, digital
learning solutions.

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 KEY GLOBAL CHALLENGES
e) Human Rights and Social Justice
• Challenges: Gender inequality, child
labour, racial discrimination, lack of
freedom of speech.
• Effects: Social unrest, conflict, human
suffering.
• Solutions: Stronger human rights laws,
advocacy, and international cooperation.

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 KEY GLOBAL CHALLENGES
f) War, Conflict, and Refugee Crises
• Causes: Political disputes, religious
conflicts, economic disparities.
• Effects: Mass displacement, loss of life,
destruction of infrastructure.
• Solutions: Peace negotiations,
diplomacy, international aid for refugees.

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 KEY GLOBAL CHALLENGES
g) Water Scarcity and Food Security
• Causes: Climate change,
overpopulation, pollution.
• Effects: Hunger, malnutrition, spread of
diseases.
• Solutions: Sustainable agriculture,
conservation efforts, better irrigation
systems.

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 HOMEWORK
Pick one thought-provoking essay question of the
Key Global Challenges in Global Perspectives and
write an Essay of at least 300 words.
1. Climate Change & Environmental Sustainability
• How should developed and developing nations
share the responsibility for tackling climate
change?
• Is it ethical for governments to prioritize
economic growth over environmental
sustainability?

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 HOMEWORK
Pick one thought-provoking essay question of the
Key Global Challenges in Global Perspectives and
write an Essay of at least 300 words.
2. Human Rights & Social Justice
• To what extent should international organizations
intervene in human rights violations within
sovereign nations?
• Is cultural relativism a valid defense for practices
that violate international human rights?
• How can gender equality be achieved in
societies with deeply rooted cultural traditions?
• Should free speech be absolute, or are there
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ethical limits to what can be expressed? 12
 HOMEWORK
Pick one thought-provoking essay question of the
Key Global Challenges in Global Perspectives and
write an Essay of at least 300 words.
3. Global Health & Pandemics
• Should vaccines and essential medicines be
made freely available worldwide, regardless of a
country's economy?
• How can wealthier nations support global health
equity without appearing paternalistic?
• Is it the responsibility of developed nations to
provide medical aid to poorer countries?

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 HOMEWORK
Pick one thought-provoking essay question of the
Key Global Challenges in Global Perspectives and
write an Essay of at least 300 words.
4. Technology & Ethics
• Should governments regulate social media
platforms to prevent misinformation, or would
that limit free speech?
• What are the ethical implications of artificial
intelligence replacing human jobs?
• Does the widespread use of surveillance
technology violate human rights?
• Should personal data collected by technology
companies be considered private property?
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 HOMEWORK
Pick one thought-provoking essay question of the
Key Global Challenges in Global Perspectives and
write an Essay of at least 300 words.
5. Global Conflict & Security
• Is military intervention ever justified in resolving
international conflicts?
• Should countries be allowed to develop nuclear
weapons for self-defense?
• How can international organizations effectively
prevent war and terrorism?
• To what extent does globalization contribute to
or reduce conflict between nations?
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 HOMEWORK
Pick one thought-provoking essay question of the
Key Global Challenges in Global Perspectives and
write an Essay of at least 300 words.
6. Poverty & Economic Inequality
• Is globalization helping to reduce or worsening
global inequality?
• Should wealthy nations have a moral obligation
to provide aid to poorer countries?
• How can fair trade contribute to reducing global
poverty?
• Is universal basic income a viable solution to
global economic inequality?
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 HOMEWORK
Pick one thought-provoking essay question of the
Key Global Challenges in Global Perspectives and
write an Essay of at least 300 words.
7. Migration & Refugees
• Should nations have open borders, or is
immigration control necessary for security and
stability?
• How can countries balance national security
concerns with their duty to protect refugees?
• What are the ethical implications of wealthy
nations restricting immigration from poorer
regions?
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