SECONDARY 2 SET 4

Multiple-Choice Questions:
109 −987654321
1. Determine the exact value of √𝐴𝐵 if 𝐴 = 4(1 + 123456789) and 𝐵 = .
10
A. 12345679
B. 123456789
C. 24691358
D. 246913580
E. 987654321

2. Compute the exact value of

3
√20233 + 3(2023)(23)2 − 3(2023)2 (23) − 233 .
A. 23
B. 1977
C. 2000
D. 2023
E. 2046

3. An 𝑛-sided polygon has 945 diagonals. Determine the value of 𝑛.

A. 42
B. 45
C. 48
D. 51
E. 54

4. Which of the following is the factorization of 𝑥 4 + 64?

A. (𝑥 + 2)4
B. (𝑥 − 2)4
C. (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 + 32)
D. (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 8)(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 8)
E. (𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 8)(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 8)
5. At what time between 8:00AM and 9:00AM will the hands of a clock form a right angle?
A. 8: 15 𝐴𝑀
5
B. 8: 24 𝐴𝑀
11
7
C. 8: 25 11 AM
3
D. 8: 27 11 𝐴𝑀
E. 8: 45 𝐴𝑀

9
6. If 𝑚 ≠ 3 and 𝑚3 = 27, then what is the value of 𝑚 + 𝑚 − 2023?
A. −2026
B. −2023
C. −2020
D. 2023
E. 2026

7. The ratio of the three interior angles of a triangle is 9: 11: 16. What is the measure of the second
largest interior angle in degrees?
A. 45
B. 55
C. 70
D. 75
E. 80

8. How many integer value(s) of 𝑥 is/are there such that −15 < 3𝑥 − 11 < 17?
A. 8
B. 9
C. 10
D. 11
E. 12

9. In a quadratic equation, if the sum and product of the roots are 2√6 and 5 respectively, then what
is the absolute value of the difference of the roots?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
E. 4

10. Determine the exact value of

21
4+ .
21
4+4+⋯
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
E. 7
OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS
11. Find the exact value of
3 3
√16 + 8√5 + √16 − 8√5.

12. Determine the area of the given square as shown below.

Question 12

13. If 𝑥 and 𝑦 are positive numbers such that 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 34 and 𝑥𝑦 = 41, find 𝑥 + 𝑦.

1 1
14. Given that 9𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 = 3, determine the value of 27𝑥 3 + 𝑥 3 .

15. If 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐 are positive integers, and 5𝑎 = 6𝑏 = 7𝑐, what is the smallest possible value of 𝑎 + 𝑏 +
𝑐?

16. The surface areas of two cubes, one of which has an edge 23cm longer than the second one differs
by 14766 𝑐𝑚2. Calculate the length of the side of the smaller cube.

17. Find the number of different words (with or without meaning) that can be formed with the letters
of the word “DINNER” such that the vowels are always together.

18. A triangle has side lengths of 18,24 and 30. What is the diameter of the circle that can be inscribed
in it?

19. If 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 𝑑 = 32 and all of them are integers not less than 4, find the number of possible
solution sets.

1
20. The equation 𝑥 2 − (𝑚 − 4)𝑥 + 2 𝑚 = 0 has real roots. If 𝑚 is a real number greater than 5, then
what is the minimum value of 𝑚?

21. A square is inscribed in a circle of radius 42. Find the perimeter of the square.
22. Find the number of integral solution(s) (𝑎, 𝑏) of the equation
1 1 1
+ = .
𝑎 𝑏 36

23. How many ways are there to choose 3 staffs, 2 associates and 1 manager among 9 people?

24. Find the smallest integer 𝑎 for which √𝑎 + 2023 + √𝑎 is an integer.

25. Let 𝑟, 𝑠 and 𝑡 be the roots of the equation 𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 0. Determine the value of the
expression:
1 1 1
+ + .
𝑟−1 𝑠−1 𝑡−1
 SECONDARY 2 SET 4
SOLUTION MANUAL
Multiple-Choice Questions:
109 −987654321
1. Determine the exact value of √𝐴𝐵 if 𝐴 = 4(1 + 123456789) and 𝐵 = .
10
A. 12345679
B. 123456789
C. 24691358
D. 246913580
E. 987654321
Answer: C
Solution:
109 − 987654321
√𝐴𝐵 = √[4(1 + 123456789)] [ ]
10

12345679
= √4(123456790) ( )
10
= 2√123456792
= 2(12345679)
= 24691358

2. Compute the exact value of

3
√20233 + 3(2023)(23)2 − 3(2023)2 (23) − 233 .
A. 23
B. 1977
C. 2000
D. 2023
E. 2046
Answer: C
Solution:
3
√20233 + 3(2023)(23)2 − 3(2023)2 (23) − 233
3
= √20233 − 3(2023)2 (23) + 3(2023)(23)2 − 233
Note that the radicand is of the form 𝑎3 − 3𝑎2 𝑏 + 3𝑎𝑏 2 − 𝑏 3 which is a special product for
(𝑎 − 𝑏)3 ,
where 𝑎 = 2023 and 𝑏 = 23.
 We have
3
√(2023 − 23)3
3
= √(2000)3
= 2000.

3. An 𝑛-sided polygon has 945 diagonals. Determine the value of 𝑛.

A. 42
B. 45
C. 48
D. 51
E. 54
Answer: B
Solution:
𝑛(𝑛 − 3)
= 945
2
𝑛(𝑛 − 3) = 1890
𝑛2 − 3𝑛 = 1890
𝑛2 − 3𝑛 − 1890 = 0
(𝑛 + 42)(𝑛 − 45) = 0
𝑛 = 45

4. Which of the following is the factorization of 𝑥 4 + 64?

A. (𝑥 + 2)4
B. (𝑥 − 2)4
C. (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 + 32)
D. (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 8)(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 8)
E. (𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 8)(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 8)
Answer: E
Solution:
𝑥 4 + 64
= (𝑥 2 )2 + (8)2
Our goal here is to create a perfect square trinomial, that is we must add and subtract 16𝑥 2 .
(𝑥 2 )2 + (8)2 + 16𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 2
= [(𝑥 2 )2 + 16𝑥 2 + (8)2 ] − 16𝑥 2
= (𝑥 2 + 8)2 − 16𝑥 2
= (𝑥 2 + 8)2 − (4𝑥)2
We now have a difference of squares.
(𝑥 2 + 8)2 − (4𝑥)2
= (𝑥 2 + 8 + 4𝑥)(𝑥 2 + 8 − 4𝑥)
= (𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 8)(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 8) 𝑜𝑟 (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 8)(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 8)
2
5. At what time between 8:00AM and 9:00AM will the hands of a clock form a right angle?
A. 8: 15 𝐴𝑀
5
B. 8: 24 𝐴𝑀
11
7
C. 8: 25 11 AM
3
D. 8: 27 11 𝐴𝑀
E. 8: 45 𝐴𝑀
Answer: D
Solution:
Using clock-angle formula,
11
𝜃 = |30𝐻 − 𝑀|
2
11
90 = |30(8) − 𝑀|
2
11
90 = 240 − 𝑀
2
11
−150 = − 𝑀
2
300 3
𝑀= = 27 .
11 11
3 300
Hence, we have 8: 27 11 𝐴𝑀 or 8: 𝐴𝑀.
11

9
6. If 𝑚 ≠ 3 and 𝑚3 = 27, then what is the value of 𝑚 + 𝑚 − 2023?
A. −2026
B. −2023
C. −2020
D. 2023
E. 2026
Answer: A
Solution:
𝑚3 − 27 = 0
(𝑚 − 3)(𝑚2 + 3𝑚 + 9) = 0
Since 𝑚 ≠ 3,
𝑚2 + 3𝑚 + 9 = 0
9
𝑚+3+ =0
𝑚
9
𝑚 + = −3
𝑚
9
𝑚+ − 2023 = −3 − 2023 = −2026.
𝑚
7. The ratio of the three interior angles of a triangle is 9: 11: 16. What is the measure of the second
largest interior angle in degrees?
A. 45
B. 55
C. 70
D. 75
E. 80
Answer: B
Solution:
9𝑥 + 11𝑥 + 16𝑥 = 180
36𝑥 = 180
𝑥=5
We have
11𝑥 = 11(5) = 55.

8. How many integer value(s) of 𝑥 is/are there such that −15 < 3𝑥 − 11 < 17?
A. 8
B. 9
C. 10
D. 11
E. 12
Answer: D
Solution:
−15 < 3𝑥 − 11 < 17
−4 < 3𝑥 < 28
4 28
− <𝑥<
3 3
1 1
−1 < 𝑥 < 9
3 3
−1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 9
We have all integers from −1 to 9 as value(s) for 𝑥.
Hence, we have 11 integer values.

9. In a quadratic equation, if the sum and product of the roots are 2√6 and 5 respectively, then what
is the absolute value of the difference of the roots?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
E. 4
Answer: C
Solution:
Let 𝑎 and 𝑏 be the roots of the quadratic equation.
We have
𝑎 + 𝑏 = 2√6, 𝑎𝑏 = 5.
 Now,
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 − 4𝑎𝑏 = 𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑏
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 − 4𝑎𝑏 = 𝑎2 − 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 − 4𝑎𝑏 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)2
2
(2√6) − 4(5) = (𝑎 − 𝑏)2
(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 24 − 20 = 4
√(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = √4
|𝑎 − 𝑏| = 2.

10. Determine the exact value of

21
4+ .
21
4+4+⋯
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
E. 7
Answer: E
Solution:
21
Let 𝑥 = 4 + 21 .
4+
4+⋯
We have
21
𝑥 =4+
𝑥
𝑥 2 = 4𝑥 + 21
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 21 = 0
(𝑥 − 7)(𝑥 + 3) = 0
𝑥 = −3,7.
Note that 𝑥 > 0.
Hence, 𝑥 = 7.

OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS
11. Find the exact value of
3 3
√16 + 8√5 + √16 − 8√5.
Answer: 2
Solution:
3 3
Let 𝑥 = √16 + 8√5 + √16 − 8√5.
3
3 3
𝑥 = ( √16 + 8√5 + √16 − 8√5)
3

2 2
3 3 3 3
𝑥 = 16 + 8√5 + 3 ( √16 + 8√5) ( √16 − 8√5) + 3 ( √16 + 8√5) ( √16 − 8√5) + 16 − 8√5
3
 3 3 3 3
𝑥 3 = 32 + 3 ( √16 + 8√5) ( √16 − 8√5) (( √16 + 8√5) + ( √16 − 8√5))

3 3
𝑥 3 = 32 + 3 ( √16 + 8√5) ( √16 − 8√5) (𝑥)
3
𝑥 3 = 32 + 3𝑥( √256 − 320)
3
𝑥 3 = 32 + 3𝑥( √−64)
𝑥 3 = 32 + 3𝑥(−4)
𝑥 3 = 32 − 12𝑥
3
𝑥 + 12𝑥 − 32 = 0
(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 16) = 0
𝑥=2

12. Determine the area of the given square as shown below.

Question 12
Answer: 900
Solution:
Finding the length of the diagonal, we have
𝑑 2 = (18 + 24)2 + 62
𝑑 2 = 422 + 62
𝑑 2 = 1800
Hence, area of the square is
1 1
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑑 2 = (1800) = 900.
2 2

13. If 𝑥 and 𝑦 are positive numbers such that 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 34 and 𝑥𝑦 = 41, find 𝑥 + 𝑦.
Answer: 2√29
Solution:
(𝑥 + 𝑦)2 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2
(𝑥 + 𝑦)2 = 34 + 2(41) = 116
𝑥 + 𝑦 = √116
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2√29
 1 1
14. Given that 9𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 = 3, determine the value of 27𝑥 3 + 𝑥 3 .
Answer: 0
Solution:
1 1 1
27𝑥 3 + 3
= (3𝑥 + ) (9𝑥 2 − 3 + 2 )
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
1
= (3𝑥 + ) (3 − 3)
𝑥
1
= (3𝑥 + ) (0)
𝑥
=0

15. If 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐 are positive integers, and 5𝑎 = 6𝑏 = 7𝑐, what is the smallest possible value of 𝑎 + 𝑏 +
𝑐?
Answer: 107
Solution:
5
5𝑎 = 6𝑏 => 𝑏 = 𝑎
6
5
5𝑎 = 7𝑐 => 𝑐 = 𝑎
7
We have
5 5
𝑎: 𝑎: 𝑎
6 7
42𝑎: 35𝑎: 30𝑎.
Since 𝑎 is a positive integer, then we can have 42: 35: 30.
Hence, the smallest possible value of 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 is 42 + 35 + 30 = 107.

16. The surface areas of two cubes, one of which has an edge 23cm longer than the second one differs
by 14766 𝑐𝑚2. Calculate the length of the side of the smaller cube.
Answer: 42
Solution:
Let 𝑠1 be the side length of the smaller cube.
6(𝑠1 + 23)2 − 6𝑠12 = 14766
(𝑠1 + 23)2 − 𝑠12 = 2461
𝑠1 + 46𝑠1 + 529 − 𝑠12 = 2461
2

46𝑠1 = 2461 − 529

46𝑠1 = 1932
𝑠1 = 42

17. Find the number of different words (with or without meaning) that can be formed with the letters
of the word “DINNER” such that the vowels are always together.
Answer: 120
Solution:
5!
× 2 = 5! = 120
2!
18. A triangle has side lengths of 18,24 and 30. What is the diameter of the circle that can be inscribed
in it?
Answer: 12
Solution:
Note that the given triangle is a right triangle.
We have
18 + 24 − 30
𝑟= = 6.
2
Hence, the diameter is 𝑑 = 2𝑟 = 2(6) = 12.

19. If 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 𝑑 = 32 and all of them are integers not less than 4, find the number of possible
solution sets.
Answer: 969
Solution:
𝑎 ≥ 4, 𝑏 ≥ 4, 𝑐 ≥ 4, 𝑑 ≥ 4
Let
𝑎1 = 𝑎 − 4 ≥ 0
𝑏1 = 𝑏 − 4 ≥ 0
𝑐1 = 𝑐 − 4 ≥ 0
𝑑1 = 𝑑 − 4 ≥ 0.
Now,
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 𝑑 = 32
𝑎1 + 4 + 𝑏1 + 4 + 𝑐1 + 4 + 𝑑1 + 4 = 32
𝑎1 + 𝑏1 + 𝑐1 + 𝑑1 = 32 − 16 = 16.
Using stars and bars, we have
16 + 4 − 1
( )
4−1
19
=( )
3
19!
=
3! 16!
= 969.

1
20. The equation 𝑥 2 − (𝑚 − 4)𝑥 + 2 𝑚 = 0 has real roots. If 𝑚 is a real number greater than 5, then
what is the minimum value of 𝑚?
Answer: 8
Solution:
𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 ≥ 0
2 1
(−(𝑚 − 4)) − 4(1) ( 𝑚) ≥ 0
2
𝑚2 − 8𝑚 + 16 − 2𝑚 ≥ 0
𝑚2 − 10𝑚 + 16 ≥ 0
(𝑚 − 2)(𝑚 − 8) ≥ 0
𝑚 ≤ 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚 ≥ 8
Since 𝑚 > 5, then the minimum value of 𝑚 is 8.
21. A square is inscribed in a circle of radius 42. Find the perimeter of the square.
Answer: 168√2
Solution:
The diameter is 2(42) = 84.
Let 𝑠 be the side length of the square.
By Pythagorean theorem, we have
𝑠 2 + 𝑠 2 = 842
2𝑠 2 = 7056
𝑠 2 = 3528
𝑠 = 42√2.
Therefore, the perimeter is 4𝑠 = 4(42√2) = 168√2.

22. Find the number of integral solution(s) (𝑎, 𝑏) of the equation

1 1 1
+ = .
𝑎 𝑏 36
Answer: 49
Solution:
1 1 1
+ =
𝑎 𝑏 36
𝑏+𝑎 1
=
𝑎𝑏 36
𝑎𝑏 − 36𝑎 − 36𝑏 = 0
(𝑎 − 36)(𝑏 − 36) = 362
Factors of 362 : 24 × 34
Number of factors: 2(4 + 1)(4 + 1) = 2(5)(5) = 50.
We can’t have 𝑎 − 36 = 𝑏 − 36 = −36 because that would make the original equation undefined.
Hence, we have 50 − 1 = 49 integer solutions.

23. How many ways are there to choose 3 staffs, 2 associates and 1 manager among 9 people?
Answer: 5040
Solution:
9 6 4
( ) ( ) ( ) = 84(15)(4) = 5040
3 2 1

24. Find the smallest integer 𝑎 for which √𝑎 + 2023 + √𝑎 is an integer.

Solution: 2601
We need two perfect squares whose difference is 2023, that is
𝑚2 − 𝑛2 = 2023
(𝑚 + 𝑛)(𝑚 − 𝑛) = 2023
We have
𝑚 = 68, 𝑛 = 51.
Hence, we have
𝑎 = 512 = 2601.
25. Let 𝑟, 𝑠 and 𝑡 be the roots of the equation 𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 0. Determine the value of the
expression:
1 1 1
+ + .
𝑟−1 𝑠−1 𝑡−1
3
Answer: − 2
Solution:
1 1 1
+ +
𝑟−1 𝑠−1 𝑡−1
(𝑠 − 1)(𝑡 − 1) + (𝑟 − 1)(𝑡 − 1) + (𝑟 − 1)(𝑠 − 1)
=
(𝑟 − 1)(𝑠 − 1)(𝑡 − 1)
(𝑟𝑠 + 𝑟𝑡 + 𝑠𝑡) − 2(𝑟 + 𝑠 + 𝑡) + 3
=
𝑟𝑠𝑡 − (𝑟𝑠 + 𝑟𝑡 + 𝑠𝑡) + (𝑟 + 𝑠 + 𝑡) − 1
Note that by Vieta’s formulas, we have
𝑟 + 𝑠 + 𝑡 = −2, 𝑟𝑠 + 𝑟𝑡 + 𝑠𝑡 = −4, 𝑟𝑠𝑡 = −3.
Hence, we have
−4 − 2(−2) + 3
−3 − (−4) + (−2) − 1
3
=− .
2