Date : 03-09-2024 STD 10 Maths Total Marks : 80

* Choose the right answer from the given options. [1 Marks Each] [10]
1. If the sum of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial kx
2
+ 4x + 3k is equal to
their product, then the value of k is
(A) − 3

4
(B) 3

4
(C) 4

3
(D) − 4

Ans. : (d) : Let α and β be the zeroes of polynomial kx

2
+ 4x + 3k

According to question,
4 3k 4 4
α + β = αβ ⇒ − = ⇒ − = 3 ⇒ k = −
k k k 3

2. Which of the following is/are solutions of the pair of equations 3x − 2y = 4 and

6x − 4y = 8 ?

(A) x = 2, y = 1 (B) x = 4, y = 4
(C) x = 6, y = 7 (D) All of these
Ans. : (d) : All the values of (x, y) given in options (a), (b) and (c), satisfy the given
pair of equations.
∴ Option (d) is the correct answer.

3. The pair of equations x + 2y + 5 = 0 and −3x − 6y + 1 = 0 have

(A) a unique solution
(B) exactly two solutions
(C) infinitely many solutions
(D) no solution
Ans. : (d): We have, x + 2y + 5 = 0 and −3x − 6y + 1 = 0 Now,
So, the given pair of equations have
a1 1 b1 2 1 c1 5 a1 b1 c1
= − , = = − , = ⇒ = ≠
a2 3 b2 −6 3 c2 1 a2 b2 c2

no solution.
4. In a △ABC , if ∠C = 50
∘
and ∠A exceeds ∠B by 44 , then
∘
∠A =

(A) 43 ∘
(B) 40 ∘
(C) 67 ∘
(D) 87 ∘

Ans. : (d) : Let x and y be the measures of ∠A and ∠B respectively.

∘
Now, ∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180 [By angle sum property]

∘ ∘ ∘
⇒ x + y + 50 = 180 [Given, ∠C = 50 ]

∘
⇒ x + y = 130 … (i)

Also, ∠A − ∠B = 44 ∘
⇒ x − y = 44
∘
… (ii)

Adding (i) and (ii), we get

∘ ∘ ∘
2x = 174 ⇒ x = 87 ⇒ ∠A = 87

Page 1
5. The pair of equations y = 3 and y = 8 has
(A) one solution
(B) two solutions
(C) infinitely many solutions
(D) no solution
Ans. : (d): Both the lines represented by the equations y = 3 and y = 8 are parallel
to x-axis. So, parallel to each other.
∴ The given pair of equations has no solution.
6. x = 2, y = 1 is a solution of the linear equation
(A) 2x + 7y = 11 (B) 4x − 2y = 5
(C) x − 3y = 5 (D) 3x − 4y = 8
Ans. : (a) : (a) L.H.S. = 2(2) + 7(1) = 11 = R.H.S.
(b) L.H.S, −4(2) − 2(1) = 6 ≠ R.H.S.
(c) L.H.S. = 2 − 3(1) = −1 ≠ R.H.S.
(d) L.H.S. = 3(2) − 4(1) = 2 ≠ R.H.S.
∴ x = 2, y = 1 is the solution of the equation 2x + 7y = 11

7. Extreme value of a given data

(A) affect the median
(B) do not affect the median
(C) nothing can be said
(D) none of these

Ans. : (b) : Since median is the value of the middle most item, extreme values do
not affect the median.
8. In a single throw of a die, the probability of getting a multiple of 2 is
(A) 1

2
(B) 1

3
(C) 1

6
(D) 2

Ans. : (a):Total number of possible outcomes = 6

Favourable outcomes of getting multiple of 2 are {2, 4, 6} i.e., 3 in number.
∴ Required probability =
3

6
=
1

9. A child has a block in the shape of a cube with one letter written on each face as
follows:

The cube is thrown once. What is the probability of getting A ?

(A) 1

3
(B) 1

6
(C) 1

2
(D) 1

Ans. : (a):Total number of possible outcomes = 6

As there are two A 's.

∴ Favourable number of outcomes = 2
∴ Required probability =
2

6
=
1

Page 2
10. The HCF of two numbers is 27 and their LCM is 162 . If one of the numbers is 54 ,
find the other.
(A) 27 (B) 9 (C) 81 (D) 3
Ans. : (c) : For two numbers a and b, we know that
(a × b) = HCF(a, b) × LCM(a, b)

Here a = 54, HCF = 27 and LCM = 162

27×162
∴ 54 × b = 27 × 162 ⇒ b = = 81
54

Hence, the other number is 81 .

* Given section consists of questions of 2 marks each. [20]

11. How many two-digit numbers are divisible by 3?

Ans. : The two -digit numbers divisible by 3 start from 12,15,18,21,...,99

Here,
a = 12

d = 3

an = a + (n − 1)d

⇒ 99 = 12 + (n − 1)(3)

⇒99 = 12 + 3n − 3

⇒ 90 = 3n

⇒ n=30
Thus, 30 two-digit numbers are divisible by 3.
12. Find the sum of first 24 terms of the list of numbers whose nth term is given by
an = 3 + 2n.

Ans. : an = 3 + 2n
Put n = 1, 2, 3,...
a1 = 5, a2 = 7, a3 = 9....
a = 5, d = 7 - 5 = 2
S24 =
24

2
[2 × 5 + (24 − 1) × 2] = 12[10 + 46] = 672
13. E and F are points on the sides PQ and PR respectively of a △ PQR. For PE = 3.9
cm, EQ = 3 cm, PF = 3.6 cm and FR = 2.4 cm case, state whether EF || QR.
Ans. :
We have
PE 3.9 1.3
= = . . . . . (I )
EQ 3 1

PF 3.6 3 1.5
= = = . . . . (I I )
FR 2.4 2 1

From (I) and (II),

we get
PE PF
≠
EQ FR

Therefore, EF is not parallel to QR. (By converse of basic proportionality theorem)

14.

Page 3
 It is given that E and F are points on the sides PQ and PR respectively of a △PQR.
For PE = 4 cm, QE = 4.5 cm, PF = 8 cm and RF = 9 cm, state whether EF||QR.
Ans. :
From the given information, we can have
PE 4 40 8
= = = . . . . . (I )
EQ 4.5 45 9

PF 8
= . . . . (I I )
RF 9

From (I) and (II), it is clear that PE

QE
=
PF

RF

Therefore, EF||QR (By converse of basic proportionality theorem)

15. In figure, DE || OQ and DF || OR. Show that EF || QR.

Ans. :
In △P QO ∵ DE||OQ

∴
PD

DO
=
PE

EQ
....... (1) [By basic proportionality theorem]
In △P RO ∵ DF ||OR

∴
PD

DO
=
PF

FR
....... (2) [By basic proportionality theorem]
from (1) and (2), PE

EQ
=
PF

FR

∴ EF ||QR ...... [By converse of basic proportionality theorem]

16. Find the ratio in which the segment joining A(1, -5) and B(-4, 5) is divided by the
x-axis. Also find the coordinates of the point of division.
Ans. :
17. The wickets taken by a bowler in 10 cricket matches are as follows :
2, 6, 4, 5, 0, 2,1, 3, 2, 3
Find the mode of the above data.
Ans. : At first, we arrange the given data in ascending order:- 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5,
6
Now find the most occurring number i.e. 2
Hence, mode = 2
18. Gopi buys a fish from a shop for his aquarium. The shopkeeper takes out one
fish at random from a tank containing 5 male fish and 8 female fish. What is the
probability that the fish taken out is a male fish?

Page 4
 Ans. : There are 13 (8 + 5) fish out of which one can be chosen in 13 ways.
Total number of elementary events = 13
There are 5 male fish out of which one male fish can be chosen in 5 ways.
Favourable number of elementary events = 5
Hence, required probability =
5

13

19. A bag contains lemon flavoured candies only. Malini takes out one candy without
looking into the bag. What is the probability that she takes out
i. an orange flavoured candy?
ii. a lemon flavoured candy?
Ans. : Since, P(E) + P (not E) = 1
P (not E) = 1 - P(E) = 1 - 0.05 = 0.95
20. One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Calculate the probability
that the card will
i. be an ace,
ii. not be an ace.
Ans. : Well-shuffling ensures equally likely outcomes.
i. There are 4 aces in a deck. Let E be the event ‘the card is an ace’.
The number of outcomes favourable to E = 4
The number of possible outcomes = 52
Therefore, P(E) = 4

52
=
1

13

ii. Let F be the event ‘card drawn is not an ace’.

The number of outcomes favourable to the event F = 52 - 4 = 48
The number of possible outcomes = 52
Therefore, P(F) = 48

52
=
12

13

* Given section consists of questions of 3 marks each. [30]

21. Solve the following question-Aftab tells his daughter, Seven years ago, I was
seven times as old as you were then. Also, three years from now, I shall be three
times as old as you will be. (Isn’t this interesting?) Represent this situation
algebraically and graphically by the method of substitution.
Ans. : Let the present age of Aftab and his daughter be x and y years respectively.
Then, the pair of linear equations that represent the situation is
x - 7 = 7(y - 7), i.e., x - 7y + 42 = 0 ...(1)
and x + 3 = 3(y + 3), i.e., x - 3y = 6 ...(2)
from equation (2), we get x = 3y + 6
By putting this value of x in equation (1), we get
(3y + 6) -7y + 42 = 0,
i.e., -4y = -48, which gives y = 12
Again by putting this value of y in equation (2), we get

Page 5
 x= 3 × 12 + 6 = 42
So, the present age of Aftab and his daughter are 42 and 12 years respectively.
22. The larger of two supplementary angles exceeds the smaller by 18 degrees. Find
them by substitution method.

Ans. : Let the larger and smaller of two supplementary angles be xo and yo
respectively.
Then, according to the question.
The pair of linear equations formed is
∘ ∘ ∘
x = y + 18

x
0
+y
0
= 180
∘
∵ The two angles and supplementary
Substitute the value of xo from equation (1) in equation (2), we get
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
y + 18 +y = 180

0 ∘ ∘
⇒ 2y + 18 = 180
∘ ∘ ∘
⇒ 2y = 180 − 18
∘
⇒ 2y = 162
∘
∘ 162 ∘
⇒ y = = 81
2

Substituting this value of yo in equation (1), we get

0 ∘ ∘ ∘
x = 81 + 18 = 99

Hence, the larger and smaller of the two supplementary angles are 99o and 81o
respectively.
Verification, Substituting xo = 99o and yo = 81o, we find that both the equations (1)
and (2) are satisfied as shown below:
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
y + 18 = 81 + 18 = 99 = x

0 ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
x +y = 99 + 81 = 180

This verifies the solution.

23. Find the roots of equation: 1
−
1
= 3, x ≠ 0, 2
x (x−2)

Ans. : The given equation may be written as

(x−2)−x
= 3
x(x−2)

⇒3x(x − 2) = −2

⇒ 3x
2
− 6x + 2 = 0 ..(i)
This equation is of the form ax
2
+ bx + c = 0 , where a = 3, b = −6 and c = 2 .
∴ D = (b
2
3 × 2 = 36 - 24 = 12 > 0.
− 4ac) = (−6)
2
−4 ×

So, the given equation has real roots.

Now, √D
−
− −− –
= √12 = 2√3

−b+ √D 6+2 √3 6+2 √3 3+ √3

∴ α = = = =
2a 2×3 6 3

−b− √D 6−2 √3 6−2 √3 3− √3

β = = = =
2a 2×3 6 3

Hence, the required values of x are and

(3+ √3) (3− √3)

3 3

24. Find the number of terms in AP: 7, 13, 19, …., 205

Page 6
 Ans. :
7, 13, 19, ...., 205
Here a = 7
d = 13 - 7 = 6
an = 205
Let the number of terms be n.
Then, an = 205
⇒ a + (n - 1)d = 205
⇒ 7 + (n - 1)6 = 205
⇒ 6(n - 1) = 205 - 7
⇒ 6(n - 1) = 198
198
⇒ n −1 =
6

⇒ n - 1= 33
⇒ n = 33 + 1
⇒ n = 34

Hence, the number of terms of the given AP is 34.

25. Is this –1.2, –3.2, –5.2, –7.2, …. an AP? If it forms an AP, find the common
difference d and write three more terms.
Ans. :
-1.2, -3.2, -5.2, -7.2, ....
a2 - a1 = -3.2 - (-1.2) = -3.2 + 1.2 = -2.0
a3 - a2 = -5.2 - (-3.2) = -5.2 + 3.2 = -2.0
a4 - a3 = -7.2 - (-5.2) = -7.2 + 5.2 = -2.0
i.e. ak+1 - ak is the same everytime, So, the given list of numbers form an AP with
the common differenced d = -2.0
The next three terms are:
-7.2 + (-2.0) = -9.2
-9.2 + (-2.0) = -11.2
and -11.2 + (-2.0) = -13.2
26. Is the given sequence:12, 52, 72, 73, ..... forms an AP? If it forms an AP, then find
the common difference d and write the next three terms.
Ans. :
We have given the numbers as follows: 12, 52, 72, 73.....
now find
a2 - a1 = 52 - 1 = 25 - 1 = 24
a3 - a2 = 72 - 52 = 49 - 25 = 24
a4 - a3 = 73 - 72 = 73 - 49 = 24
As, the common difference is the same. The sequence is in A.P.
Next three terms are:a5 = a4 + d = 73 + 24 = 97

Page 7
 a6 = a5 + d = 97 + 24 = 121
a7 = a6 + d = 121 + 24 = 145
27. Is the given sequence a, 2a, 3a, 4a,...forms an AP? If it forms an AP, then find the
common difference d and write the next three terms.
Ans. :
from the given sequence, we can have
a2 − a1 = 2a − a = a

a3 − a2 = 3a − 2a = a

a4 − a3 = 4a − 3a = a

since a −a
i.e. the common difference is the same for all values of k
k+1 k

Hence, the given sequence forms an AP.

Now the next three terms are:
a5 = a + 4d = a + 4a = 5a
a6 = a + 5d = a + 5a = 6a
a7 = a + 6d = a + 6a = 7a
Next three terms are: 5a, 6a and 7a
28. Prove the given identity, where the angles involved are acute angles for which
the expressions are defined. tan A

1−cot A
+
cot A

1−tan A
= 1 + sec A cos ecA
[Hint: Write the expression in terms of sin θ and cos θ ]
Ans. : LHS-
tan A cot A
+
1−cot A 1−tan A

= tan A
1
+
tan A

1−tan A
1−
tan A

= tan A
tan A−1
+
tan A(1−tan A)
1

tan A

=
2
tan A 1
+
tan A−1 tan A(1−tan A)

= tan A−1

tan A(tan A−1)

[a3-b3=(a-b)(a2+ab+b2)]
2
(tan A−1)(tan A+tan A+1)
= tan A(tan A−1)

= tan A+tan A+1

tan A

=tan A + 1 + cot A
= sin A

cos A
+
cos A

sin A
+1

2 2

= sin A+ cos A

sin A cos A
+1

= 1

sin A cos A
+1

= sec A cosec A+ 1
= R.H.S
29. In △ABC, right-angled at B, AB = 5 cm and ∠ ACB = 30°. Determine the lengths os
sides BC and AC.

Page 8
 Ans. :
Given AB = 5 cm
∠ ACB = 30o

According to diagram,
tan C =
side opposite to angle C

side adjacent to angle C

tan 30o = AB

BC

√3
= BC
5

BC = 5√3 cm
–

sin C = side of angle C

hypotenuse

sin 30o = AB

AC

2
= AC
5

AC = 10 cm.
30. A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow which comes to rest pointing at
one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (see figure) and these are equally likely
outcomes. What is the probability that it will point at:

i. 8?
ii. an odd number?
iii. a number greater than 2?
iv. a number less than 9?
Ans. : Out of 8 numbers, an arrow can point any of the numbers in 8 ways.
∴ Total number of outcomes = 8

N umber of f avourble outcomes

P roabibilty of the event =
T otal number of possible outcomes

i. Favourable number of outcomes = 1

Hence, P (arrow points at 8) = 1

ii. Favourable number of outcomes = 4

Hence, P (arrow points at an odd number) = 4

8
=
1

Page 9
 iii. Favourable number of outcomes = 6
Hence, P (arrow points at a number greater than 2) = 6

8
=
3

iv. Favourable number of outcomes = 8

Hence, P (arrow points at a number less than 9) = 8

8
= 1

* Given section consists of questions of 5 marks each. [20]

31. Form the pair of linear equations in the problem, and find it's solution
graphically.
10 students of class X took part in Mathematics quiz. If the number of girls is 4
more than the number of boys, find the number of boys and girls who took part
in the quiz.
Ans. :
Formulation: Let the number of girls be x and the number of boys be y.
It is given that total ten students took part in the quiz.
∴ Number of girls+ Number of boys = 10

i.e. x + y =10
It is also given that the number of girls is 4 more than the number of boys.
∴ Number of girls= Number of boys + 4
i.e. x = y+4
or, x-y = 4
Thus, the algebraic representation of the given situation is
x + y=10 ........(i)
x - y =4 ..........(ii)
Add (i) and (ii) we get
x + y + x - y = 10 + 4
2x = 14
x=7
Put x = 7 in (i)
x + y = 10
7 + y = 10
y = 10 -7
y=3
So, value of x = 7 and y = 3
Graphical Representation: Now putting y = 0 in x + y = 10, we get
x = 10. Similarly, by putting x = 0 in x + y = 10, we get y = 10.
Thus, two solution of equation (i) are:
x 10 0

y 0 10
Similarly, two solutions of equation (ii) are:
putting y = 0 in x - y = 4, we get

Page 10
 x = 4. Similarly, by putting x = 0 in x + y = 10, we get y = -4.
x 4 0

y 0 -4
Now, we plot the points A (10, 0), B (0, 10), P (4, 0) and Q (0, -4) corresponding to
these solutions on the graph paper and draw the lines AB and PQ representing the
equations x + y = 10 and x - y - 4 as shown in Fig.

We observe that the two lines representing the two equations are intersecting at
the point (7, 3).
32. Solve the pair of linear equations by substitution method: 3x
−
5y
= −2 ;
2 3

x y 13
+ =
3 2 6

Ans. :
3x 5y x y 13
− = −2; + =
2 3 3 2 6

The given system of linear equation is

3x 5y
− = −2 … … … … (1)
2 3

y
x

3
+
2
=
13

6
....... (2)
⇒ 9x − 10y = −12 ........ (3)
2x + 3y = 13 ...... (4)
From equation (3)
9x - 10y = -12
9x = 10y - 12
10y−12
x =
9

Substituting the value of y in equation (4), we get

10y−12
2( ) + 3y = 13
9

20y − 24 + 27y = 117

47y = 117 + 24

141
y =
47

y=3
Substituting the value of y in equation (4), we get
2x + 3 × 3 = 13

2x + 9 = 13

2x = 13 − 9

4
x = = 2
2

Therefore, the solution is

x = 2, y = 3
Verification, Substituting x = 2 and y = 3, we find that both the equations (1) and
(2) are satisfied as shown below:
3 5y 3 5
x− = (2) − (3) = 3 − 5 = −2
2 3 2 3
 x y 2 3 13
+ = + =
3 2 3 2 6

This verifies the solution.

33. Solve the given pair of linear equation by the elimination method and the
substitution method: 3x – 5y – 4 = 0 and 9x = 2y + 7
Ans. :
1. By Elimination method,
The given system of equations is :
3 x - 5 y - 4 = 0............(1)
9x=2y+7
9 x - 2 y - 7 = 0.............(2)
Multiplying equation (1) by 3, we get
9 x - 15 y - 12 = 0.............(3)
Subtracting equation (3) from equation (2) , we get
13 y + 5 = 0
−5
⇒ 13y = −5 ⇒ y =
13

Substituting this value of y in equation (1), we get

−5
3x − 5 ( ) −4 = 0
13

25 27
⇒ 3x + − 4 = 0 ⇒ 3x − = 0
13 13

27 9
⇒ 3x = ⇒ x =
13 13

So, the solution of the given system of equation is

9 −5
x = ,y =
13 13

2. By Substitution method:
The given system of equation is:
3 x - 5 y - 4 = 0.............(1)
9 x = 2 y + 7...................(2)
From equation (2),
2y+7
x =
9
..................(3)
Substituting this value of x in equation(1), we get
2y+7
3( ) − 5y − 4 = 0
9

2y+7
⇒ − 5y − 4 = 0
3

⇒ 2y + 7 − 15y − 12 = 0

⇒ -13y - 5 = 0
⇒ 13y = -5
−5
⇒ y =
13

Substituting this value of y in equation(3), we get

−5
10
2( )+7 − +7
−10+91
​
13 13 81 9
x = = = = =
9 9 117 117 13

34. Prove that –

√5 is irrational.
Ans. : Let us prove irrational by contradiction.
–
√5

Let us suppose that is rational. It means that we have co-prime integers a and b
–
√5

(b ≠ 0)
Such that √5 =
– a

b =a
–
⇒ √5

Squaring both sides, we get

⇒ 5b 2 =a 2 ... (1)
It means that 5 is factor of a2
Hence, 5 is also factor of a by Theorem. ... (2)
If, 5 is factor of a , it means that we can write a = 5c for some integer c .
Substituting value of a in (1) ,
5b2 = 25c2
⇒ b2 =5c2
It means that 5 is factor of b2 .
Hence, 5 is also factor of b by Theorem. ... (3)
From (2) and (3) , we can say that 5 is factor of both a and b .
But, a and b are co-prime .
Therefore, our assumption was wrong. cannot be rational. Hence, it is
–
√5

irrational.
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