HASAN ABDULLAH

O & A LEVELS BUSINESS STUDIES | ECONOMICS

Chapter 8 ‘Recruitment, selection and training of

workers’
Human resource department
1. recruitment and selection
2. Wages salaries
3. Industrial relations
4. Training programs
5. Health and safety
6. Redundancy and dismissal

Recruitment
It is the process from identifying that the business needs to employ someone up to the
point t which applications have arrived at the business.

The recruitment process

1. Vacancy arises
2. Job analysis
3. Job description
4. Job specification
5. Job advertisement
6. Application forms and shortlisting
7. Interviews and selection
8. Vacancy filled

Job analysis
Identifies and records the responsibilities and task relating to a job.

Job description
Outlines the responsibilities and duties to be carried out by someone employed to do a
specific job.

Job specification
It is a document which outlines the requirements, qualifications, expertise, physical
character-sticks and many related information for a specific job

Internal recruitment
It is when a vacancy is filled by someone who is an existing employee of the business.

Possible advantages of internal recruitment

1. It saves, time and money compare to external recruitment
2. The person is already aware of the companies policies and working conditions.
3. Encourages and motivates other member to work hard for promotions

Possible disadvantages of internal recruitment

1. It might not bring new and fresh mind into the organization
2. It might give birth to jealousy and rivalry among employees.

External recruitment
It is when a vacancy is filled by someone who is not an existing employee of an
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organization and will be new to them. It can be done through advertisement in

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A. Local newspaper

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 HASAN ABDULLAH
O & A LEVELS BUSINESS STUDIES | ECONOMICS
B. Social networking sites
C. Recruitment agencies

Possible advantages of external recruitment

1. May bring new and fresh mind in the business
2. New employee will be highly motivated
3. May increase efficiency and productivity of the business

Possible disadvantages of external recruitment

1. Expensive and time consuming
2. New employee would have to give training and instructions
3. During the process it might halt the production process.

Points to be included in the Curriculum Vitae (c/v or resumes)

1. Name
2. Address
3. Telephone number
4. Date of birth
5. Nationality
6. Education and qualification
7. Work experience
8. Postilion of responsibilities
9. Interests and hobbies
10. Names and addresses of recurrences (if required)

The contract of employment

1. Names of employer and name of the employee
2. Job title
3. Date of joining
4. Hours of work
5. Pay package and fringe benefits if any
6. When the payment will be made
7. Number of holidays
8. Notice period

Part time
it is employment often consider to be between 1-30 hours a week.

Full time
Employee who usually work for 35 or more hours a week.

Training
1. It is to introduce new process or new equipment
2. Improve the efficiency of the workforce
3. Providing training to the unskilled workers
4. Improve the opportunities for internal promotions
5. Increase efficiency and productivity of the workforce.

Types of training
1. Induction training
2. On the job training
3. Off the job training
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 HASAN ABDULLAH
O & A LEVELS BUSINESS STUDIES | ECONOMICS
Induction training
It is when the new employee is introduced to the old employees, explaining the firms
activities, customs and procedures and introducing them to their fellow workers.

Possible advantages of induction training

1. Helps new employees to get a quick intro
2. May be a legal requirement to give health and safety training at the start of a job
3. Means workers are less likely to make mistake

Possible disadvantages of induction training

1. Might be time consuming
2. Delays the start of the employee commencing their job.

On the Job Training

It occurs by watching a more experienced workers doing the job.

Advantages of on the job training

1. Individual attention might be given
2. They learn in the professional environment
3. It is related to the specific needs of the business.

Disadvantage of on the job training

1. Might be time consuming
2. Might distract the trainer and result in inefficiency
3. Might be non serious attitude.

Off the job training

1. It involves being trained away from the workplace usually by specialist trainers

Advantages of off the job training

1. Trained by trained qualified professional trainer
2. It might increase the productivity of the workers
3. Employee maybe taught variety of skills

Possible disadvantages of off the job training

1. Expensive
2. Workers would be paid without doing any work for company
3. Worker might leave the job right after getting training
4. Time consuming

Advantages of training to the Management

1. Greater flexibility of the labour force .
2. Greater motivation and commitment of the employees
3. Increased productivity
4. Improve quality of the output
5. Improved customer services
6. Ability to use new technology

Disadvantages of training to the management

1. Loss of output while training
2. May rise employees expectation for promotions
3. Cost of training
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4. Employees may leave once they are trained

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O & A LEVELS BUSINESS STUDIES | ECONOMICS
Advantages of training to the employee
1. May increase chances for higher pay
2. Increase chances for promotions
3. Easier to apply for jobs at other business

Disadvantages of training to the employee

1. May be asked to undertake additional work
2. May have to work in a different way
3. May be moved to a different job

Workforce planning
It is establishing the workforce needed by the business for the foreseeable future in
terms of the number of skills of employees required.
Often business will require additional employees when they are expanding the business
but at the same time they sometimes also have to perform downsizing that is reducing
the numbers of employees.
This can be due to possible reasons
1. Introducing of automation
2. Falling demand for goods and services
3. Closer of business

Redundancy
It is when an employee is no longer needed and so loses their job. It is not due to any
aspect of their work being unsatisfactory.

Ethical decisions
This is a decision taken by a manager or a company because of the moral code
observed by the firm.
That can be as follow
1. Protect workers from dangerous machinery
2. Provide safety equipment and clothing
3. Maintain reasonable work place temperature
4. Providing hygienic condition and washing facility

Industrial Tribunal
It is a legal meeting which consider workers complaints of unfair dismissal or
discrimination at work.

Contract of employment
It is a legal agreement between employer and employee listing the rights and
responsibilities of workers.

Minimum wage
It is the minimum amount that employer is suppose to pay employee against his job.
This is set by the state, which is in an attempt to increase the living standards of a
common man.

Advantages of minimum wage rate

1. Helps to set the minimum target
2. Will encourage unskilled workers to get training for high packages
3. May help to increase the living standards
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Disadvantages of minimum wage rate

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1. Unfair for skill workers

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 HASAN ABDULLAH
O & A LEVELS BUSINESS STUDIES | ECONOMICS
2. Sometimes might discourage people with skills
3. May even reduce passion to put to more efforts for high packages.

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