GOST R EN 779-2014

Group T58

NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

General purpose air purification filters

DEFINING TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Particulate air filters for general ventilation. Determination of the filtration performance

OKS [Link]

Date of introduction 2015-12-01

Introduction

1 PREPARED by the All-Russian Public Organization "Association of Engineers for Micro-

pollution Control "(ASINCOM) on the basis of its own authentic translation into Russian of
the standard specified in paragraph 4 and the Open Joint-Stock Company " Research Center
for Control and Diagnostics of Technical Systems (JSC "SIC CD")

2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 184 "Ensuring

industrial cleanliness"

3 APPROVED AND PUT INTO EFFECT by Order No. 1419-st of the Federal Agency for
Technical Regulation and Metrology of October 24, 2014

4 This standard is identical to the European regional standard EN 779: 2012* " General
purpose air purification filters. Determination of technical characteristics"(EN 779: 2012
"Partial air filters for general ventilation - Determination of the filtration performance")

________________

* Access to international and foreign documents mentioned in the text can be obtained by
contacting the User Support Service. - .

When applying this standard, it is recommended to use the corresponding national standards
of the Russian Federation instead of reference international standards, details of which are
given in the additional appendix.

5 INSTEAD OF GOST R EN 779-2007

The rules for applying this standard are set out in GOST R 1.0-2012 (section 8). Information
on changes to this standard is published in the annual (as of January 1 of the current year)
information index "National Standards", and the official text of changes and amendments - in
the monthly information index "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or
cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notification will be published in the next
issue of the information index "National Standards". The relevant information, notification
and texts are also posted in the public information system-on the official website of the
Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet (<url>).

Introduction

General provisions

The test methods given in this standard are developed on the basis of EN 779: 2002. The
schematic diagram of the installation according to EN 779 is preserved. The DEHS aerosol
(or similar) used for testing is evenly sprayed to the test filter along the cross-section of the
air duct. The filter efficiency is determined by the ratio of the particle concentration in the air
before the filter to the ratio of the particle concentration after it using an optical particle
counter.

Filter classification

Classification according to EN 779: 2002 (groups F and G) is changed in this standard to a

classification consisting of three groups (groups F, M and G).

If, according to the test results, the filter has an average efficiency below 40% for particles
with a size of 0.4 microns, then it belongs to group G, within which a class is assigned for
average dust retention.

If the filter has an average efficiency of 40% to 80% for particles with a size of 0.4 microns,
then it is classified as group M (M6, M7). Filters of group M are classified according to
average efficiency (particles with a size of 0.4 microns). Filter classes F6 and F7 have been
replaced with classes M6 and M7. The filter characteristics remain the same.

If the filter has an average efficiency of 80% or higher for particles with a size of 0.4
microns, then it belongs to group F (F7-F9). Filters of Group F are classified according to
average efficiency (particles with a size of 0.4 microns).

Control aerosol

Performance tests will use DEHS aerosol (or equivalent) for the following reasons:

- a significant part of the equipment provided for in EN 779: 2002 and Eurovent 4 / 9b is
used, which is mastered by users;

- it is possible to easily obtain homogeneous aerosols of liquids with the required

concentrations and particle sizes;

- undiluted DEHS is used to create an uncharged aerosol.

- spherical latex particles are used to calibrate the particle counters. Optical particle counters
are more accurate for spherical liquid particles than for non-spherical solid salt particles and
control dust.

Filtering characteristics
Appendix A discusses re-entrainment and separation of particles from the filter.

In an ideal filtration process, each particle is retained by the filter fiber when it first comes
into contact with it, but other particles can affect the already settled particle, causing it to be
carried away by the air flow. Fibers and particles of the filter itself can also be separated by
mechanical forces. The reasons for the release of fibers and particles may be of interest to the
user, but they cannot be determined using an optical particle counter.

The effect of some types of filter media is based on the electrostatic effect, which allows you
to achieve high filtration efficiency with low resistance to air flow. Certain types of particles,
such as combustion products or oil mist, can neutralize the charge and reduce filtration
efficiency. Users should be aware of this property of electrostatic filters. It is also important
to detect a decrease in filtering efficiency. The described test procedure for a discharged filter
allows us to determine whether the filter efficiency depends on the mechanism of particle
retention due to the electrostatic effect, and to obtain quantitative information about its effect.

1 Scope of application

This International Standard specifies the classification of general-purpose air purification

filters and methods for determining their technical characteristics. The requirements for
control aerosols, devices and equipment used in determining the effectiveness of filters, as
well as for the design of test results are given.

To classify filters, tests should be performed using two synthetic aerosols, one of which is
fine aerosol to determine filtration efficiency as a function of particle size from 0.2 to 3.0
microns, the second is coarse dust to determine the dust capacity of the filter. When testing
coarse filters, the filtration efficiency is determined by the dust retention capacity.

This International Standard specifies requirements for filters with an initial efficiency of less
than 98% for particles with a size of 0.4 microns. Filter tests should be performed at air flow
rates between 0.24 m / s (850 m / h) and 1.5 m /s (5400 m /h).

The results obtained in accordance with the requirements of this standard cannot be used for
predicting the operational efficiency and service life of the filter. Other factors affecting the
filtering efficiency that should be taken into account are described in Appendix A.

2 Normative references

This standard uses normative references to the following standards*. For dated links, only the
specified version of the standard is used. For undated references, use the latest edition of the
document (including any amendments).

_______________

* For the table of compliance of national standards with international standards, see follow
the link. - .
EN ISO 5167-1: 2003 Measurement of liquid flow using overpressure sensors. EN ISO 5167-
1:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in
circular cross-section conduits running full-Part 1: General principles and requirements

ISO 2854: 1976 Statistical interpretation of data. Methods of estimation and control, relating
to means значениям and variations (ISO 2854: 1976 Statistical interpretation of data-
Techniques of estimation and tests relating to means and variations)

ISO 12103-1: 1997 Road transport. Test dust for filter evaluation. Part 1. Arizona desert test
dust (ISO 12103-1: 1997 Road Vehicles-Test dust for filter evaluation-Part 1: Arizona test
dust)

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions are used in this International Standard:

3.1 dust retention: Removes dust from the air.

3.2 average dust retention capacity : The ratio of the mass of dust trapped by the filter
to the mass of dust in the air before the filter reaches the final pressure drop during testing.

Note-The average dust retention capacity is used to classify Group G filters.

3.3 average efficiency : Average value of filter efficiency for particles with a size of 0.4
microns under various dust loads until the filter reaches the final pressure drop during testing.

Note: The average efficiency is used to classify filters of groups M and F.

3.4 average efficiency : Average efficiency for the particle size range i for different dust
load intervals j.

3.5 average discharged efficiency of the filter efficiency : Average efficiency for the
particle size range i after removing the electrostatic charge from the filter.

3.6 average untreated filter efficiency : Average efficiency of an untreated filter for
the particle size range i.

3.7 charged filter: A filter with an electrostatic charge or a polarized filter.

3.8 coarse filter: A filter with a classification designation from G1 to G4.

3.9 counting rate: The number of events counted per time unit.

3.10 DEHNS: Liquid (diethylhexylsebacinate) for preparation of control aerosols.

3.11 discharged efficiency: Efficiency of the filter material after neutralization of the charge
with isopropanol.
3.12 test dust capacity: The mass of dust retained by the filter until it reaches the final
pressure drop during testing.

3.13 efficiency: Any of the types of efficiency: initial, average, low filter efficiency,
minimum efficiency.

3.14 face area: Internal cross-section of the duct immediately in front of the filter being
monitored.

Note: The cross-sectional area is 0.61·0.61=0.37 m. .

3.15 face velocity: The value obtained by dividing the air flow rate by the inlet cross-
sectional area.

3.16 final filter: An air purification filter used to trap dust in the air that has passed through
the filter under test.

3.17 final pressure drop-recommended: The maximum operating pressure drop across the
filter recommended by the manufacturer for a specific air flow rate.

3.18 final test pressure drop: Pressure drop, before which the filter's operating (operational)
characteristics are measured for classification purposes.

3.19 fine filter: A filter with a classification designation from F7 to F9.

3.20 high-efficiency air purification filter; (HEPA filter): A high-efficiency air purification
filter having the classification designation from H13 to H14 according to EN 1822-1.

3.21 initial arrest: The amount of dust retained from the first 30 g applied to the filter.

3.22 initial efficiency: The efficiency of the dust-free filter tested at the reference air flow
rate.

Note-For each specified particle size range.

3.23 initial pressure drop: Pressure drop across a clean filter measured at the reference air
flow rate.

3.24 isokinetic sampling: Air sampling where the air velocity at the sampler inlet is equal to
the ambient air velocity at the sampling point.

3.25 loading dust: See synthetic dust.

3.26 mean diameter: The average diameter for a given particle size range.

3.27 media velocity: The value obtained by dividing the air flow rate by the effective
filtration area.
Note-The air velocity in the filter media is expressed in m / s with an accuracy of up to three
digits.

3.28 medium filter: A filter with the classification designation M5 or M6.

3.29 minimum efficiency: The lowest efficiency from the efficiency of the discharged filter,
the initial efficiency and the lowest efficiency obtained during the test.

Note: The minimum efficiency is used to classify Group F filters.

3.30 net effective filtering area: The area of the filter material that holds dust.

3.31 particle bounce: An indicator that characterizes the phenomenon when particles that
have come into contact with the filter material are not retained by it.

3.32 particle size: The equivalent optical diameter of the particles.

3.33 particle number concentration: The number of particles per unit volume of air.

3.34 penetration: The ratio of particle concentrations after the filter and before the filter.

3.35 re-entrainment: Entrainment by the air stream of particles initially trapped by the filter.

3.36 shedding: Particles entering the air stream behind the filter due to the effects of rebound
and secondary entrainment of particles, as well as separation of fibers or particles from the
filter or filter material.

3.37 synthetic dust: specially prepared dust designed to determine the dust retention
capacity, filter efficiency and its dustcapacity.

3.38 test aerosol: The aerosol used to determine the effectiveness of the filter.

3.39 test air flow rate: The volume flow rate of air through the filter during testing.

Note-Expressed in m / s at an air density of 1.2 kg/m. .

3.40 test air: The air used for testing.

3.41 test dust capacity: The mass of dust retained by the filter until it reaches the final
pressure drop during testing.

3.42 ultra-high-efficiency air purification filter; ULPA filter: An air purification filter with
ultra-low particle penetration, having the classification designation from U15 to U17
according to EN 1822-1.

3.43 untreated efficiency: The efficiency of the untreated (charged) filter sample.

4 Designations and abbreviations

The following designations and abbreviations are used in this International Standard:

- dust-retaining capacity;

- dust retention capacity at dust load j,%;

- average dust retention capacity during tests up to the final pressure drop,%;

- concentration limit (sensitivity threshold) of the particle counter;

- coefficient of variation.

- coefficient of variation for the i-th range of particle sizes;

- i - th range of particle sizes or average diameters, microns;

- the minimum size in this range, microns;

- the maximum size in this range, microns.

- average initial efficiency for the i-th range of particle sizes,%;

- average efficiency for the i-th range of particle sizes after the j-th dust load,%;

- average efficiency for the i-th size range when testing up to the final pressure drop,%;

- average efficiency for particles with a size of 0.4 microns when tested to the final
pressure drop (used for classification purposes),%;

- average efficiency,%.

- average efficiency of the discharged material for the i-th range of particle sizes;

- the average efficiency of the s-th sample of the discharged material for the i-th range
of particle sizes;

- average efficiency of the untreated (charged) filter material for the i-th size range;

- the average efficiency of the s-th sample of untreated (charged) filter material for the
i-th range of particle sizes;

F7-F9 - classes of fine filters.

G1-G4 - classes of coarse filters.

M5, M6 - classes of medium filters.

- the mass of dust supplied to the filter at the j-th dust load, g;

- average value.

- the average value in the i-th range of particle sizes;

- mass of dust in the air duct after the filter, g;

- mass of dust passed through the filter at the j-th dust load, g;

- mass of dust applied to the filter, g;

- weight of the finishing filter before dust supply, g;

- weight of the finishing filter after dust supply, g;

- the number of particles before the filter with dimensions in the i - th range of values.

- number of points.

- the number of particles after the filter with dimensions in the i - th range of values.

OPC - optical particle counter.

- air pressure, Pa.

- absolute air pressure up to the filter, kPa;

- pressure drop on the s-th sample of discharged material;

- static pressure measured in the air flow, kPa;

- pressure drop on the s-th sample of untreated (charged) material;

- mass air consumption, kg / s;

- air flow rate through the filter, m / s;

 - air flow rate according to the flow meter, m / s;

- subscript indicating the ordinal number of the sample ( =1, 2, 3, ...);

- air temperature up to the filter, °C;

- air temperature on the flow meter, °C;

- distribution variable.

- dustcapacity, g;

- uncertainty,%.

- standard deviation.

- standard deviation for the i-th size range.

- the number of degrees of freedom.

- air density, kg / m ;

- relative humidity of the air to the filter,%;

- increase in dust mass, g;

- weight gain of the finishing filter, g;

- pressure drop across the filter, Pa;

- pressure drop on the flow meter, Pa;

- pressure drop across the filter at an air density of 1.20 kg / m , Pa;

ANSI - American National Institute for Standardization.

ASHRAE - American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers;

ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials

CAS - Chemical Reference Service.

CEN - European Committee for Standardization.

EN - European standards.

EUROVENT - European Committee of Manufacturers of Air Treatment and Refrigeration

Equipment;

ISO is an International Organization for Standardization.

5 Requirements

The design and marking of the filter must exclude the possibility of incorrect installation. The
design of the filter must ensure its tight fit in the air duct, eliminating leaks along the sealing
circuit, while observing the installation procedure.

The filter assembly (filter and frame) must be made of materials that are resistant to
temperature, humidity and corrosion.

The filter assembly must be designed to withstand mechanical impacts that may occur during
normal operation. Dust or fibers released by the filter material into the air stream must not
pose a risk to people or equipment.

6 Classification

Filters are classified by average efficiency or average dust retention under the following
conditions:

- air flow rate of 3400 m / h (0.944 m /s), unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer;

- the maximum final pressure drop during testing on a coarse filter (for class G) is 250 Pa;

- the maximum final pressure drop when tested on a medium filter (for Class M) and a fine
filter (for Class F) is 450 Pa.

The classification of effectiveness for these conditions is shown in Table 1.

If the filters are tested at air flow rates and final pressure drops that differ from the above,
then they are also classified according to Table 1, but with specific conditions, for example,
G4 (0.7 m / s, 200 Pa), F7 (1.25 m /s).

Table 1-Classification of air purification filters*

_______________

* The atmospheric dust characteristics differ significantly from the control aerosol used in the
tests. In this regard, it is difficult to judge performance characteristics or service life based on
the test results. Efficiency is also negatively affected by static charge loss or particle
separation.
 Minimum
Average
Final test Average dust retention efficiency
efficiency
Group Class pressure capacity synthetic for particles with
drop, Pa for particles with
dust retention, % a size of 0.4
a size of 0.4
microns, %
microns, %
Coarse
G1 250 50 65 -- -
filters
G2 250 65 80 -- -
G3 250 80 90 -- -
G4 250 90 -- -
Filters
medium M5 450-40 - 40 60 -
filters
M6 450-60 - 60 80 -
Fine filters F7 450-80 - 80 90 35
F8 450-90 - 90 95 55
F9 450-95 - 95 70

Minimum efficiency is the lowest efficiency of the initial efficiency, the efficiency of the
discharged filter and the lowest efficiency obtained during the test.
7 Test equipment
7.1 Test conditions

Indoor or outdoor air can be used to generate the control air. The relative humidity of the air
should be less than 75%. Exhaust air can be removed to the outside or supplied to the interior
or recirculated. Measuring equipment may impose restrictions on the temperature of the
reference air.

It is recommended to provide filtration of the exhaust air, if it may contain a control aerosol
or dust.

7.2 Test bench

The test bench (Figure 1) consists of several sections of square air ducts with internal
dimensions from 616 to 622 mm. The length of the duct section must be at least 1.1 m of the
filter length and at least 1 m.
 1 - duct section; 2-duct section; 3-filter under test; 4-duct section in which the filter is
installed; 5-duct section; 6-duct section; 7-HEPA filter (not lower than class H13); 8-DEHS
particle entry point; 9-dust injection nozzle; 10-mixing hole; 11-perforated plate; 12-pre-filter
sampler; 13-post-filter sampler
Figure 1-Test bench diagram

The duct must be made of an electrically conductive material, be grounded, have smooth
internal surfaces and be sufficiently rigid to maintain its shape when exposed to pressure
during operation. Small parts of the air ducts can be made of glass or plastic for easy viewing
of the filter and equipment. It is recommended to provide viewing windows for monitoring
the test progress.

HEPA filters are installed up to the section of the air duct 1, in which the aerosol is sprayed
and mixed with air in order to ensure uniformity of concentration to the filter during
efficiency tests.

At the beginning of the duct section 2, there is a mixing hole 10, in the center of which there
is a nozzle for spraying dust. After the nozzle is a perforated plate 11, designed to ensure the
uniformity of dust spraying. In the last third of this duct there is a sampler for the aerosol
supplied to the filter. When testing for dust retention, the sampler must be closed or removed.

The mixing port and the perforated plate should be removed during performance tests to
prevent flow turbulence. To avoid systematic errors, it is recommended to remove these
elements when measuring the differential pressure.

The duct section 5 can be used for efficiency and dust retention tests. When testing for dust
retention, a finishing filter is installed in this section, and when testing for efficiency, a
sampler is installed (after the filter). It is possible to duplicate the duct section 5. In this case,
one part is used for dust retention tests and the other part is used for efficiency tests.

The test bench can operate at both positive and negative pressure. If the pressure is positive
(the fan is located up to the stand), control aerosol and dust can enter the room. At negative
pressure, air from the room can enter the stand and cause a change in the number of particles.
The dimensions of the stand and the location of the pressure measurement taps are shown in
Figures 2 and 3. The presence of taps allows you to measure the static pressure on the filter
under test. They are located at four points along the contour of the duct and are connected to
each other by an annular tube.

A 6flow meter is installed in the duct section 6. Depending on the type of flow meter, this
section may be shorter than shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2-Dimensions of the test bench

 1-mixing hole; 2-perforated plate 152±2 mm, holes occupy 40% of the area; 3-outlet for
pressure measurement; 4-transition element of the air duct (filter is smaller than the cross-
section of the air duct); 5-transition element of the air duct (filter is larger than the cross-
section of the air duct)
Figure 3-Elements of the test bench

7.3 Aerosol preparation - DEHS control aerosol

The control aerosol consists of unprocessed and undiluted diethylhexylsebacinate (DEHS).

Other substances with similar properties can also be used. The DEHS control aerosol
produced by the Laskin sprayer is widely used in monitoring the integrity of HEPA and
ULPA filters.

Figure 4 shows a diagram of the aerosol production plant, which includes a small bottle of
DEHS suspension and a Laskin sprayer. To produce an aerosol, the sprayer is supplied with
compressed air that does not contain particles. The sprayed droplets are fed directly into the
test bench. The pressure and flow of air in the sprayer vary depending on the control air flow
rate and the desired aerosol concentration. With a reference air flow rate of 0.944 m / s, the
pressure is approximately 17 kPa, which corresponds to an air flow rate in the sprayer of
approximately 0.39 dm / s (1.4 m / h).

A different spray can be used, capable of forming uncharged droplets with satisfactory
concentrations at sizes from 0.2 to 3.0 microns.

Before starting the test, adjust the aerosol concentration to the filter to achieve stable test
results at concentrations below the particle counter match error level.

1 - particle-free air (pressure about 17 kPa); 2 - aerosol sent to the test bench; 3 - Laskin
spray; 4 - control aerosol (for example, DEHS); 5-four 1.0 mm holes, with the upper edge
of the hole having an angle of 90° and slightly touching the bottom of the collar; 6-four 2.0
mm holes directly after the tube in a line with radial holes
Figure 4-DEHS particle generation system

7.4 Aerosol sampling system

The samplers located before and after the filter must be connected to the particle counter by
rigid tubes of the same length and shape (the same number of bends and straight sections).
Sampling tubes must be electrically conductive, have a high dielectric constant, and have a
smooth inner surface (steel and other materials).

Tapering samplers are placed in the center of the sections before and after the filter. The inlet
of the sampler must be directed towards the air flow parallel to it. The sampler must have
изокинетичностьюan isokinetic value of 10% for a reference air flow rate of 0.944 m /s.
Isokinetic sampling is also required for measurements in other streamsизокинетический.

The use of three identical valves allows you to take aerosol samples before and after the
filter, or to pass clean air through the HEPA filter. The valves must have a direct-flow design.
The results of the first measurement are not taken into account due to the possible loss of
particles in the sampling system.

The air flow rate can be maintained by a pump in the particle meter (for meters with a low
sampling rate). The exhaust line must be connected to an isokinetic sampler connected
directly to the particle counter to ensure изокинетичностиan isokinetic range of ±10%.

There is a loss of particles in the air duct, aerosol tubes, and particle counter. We should try
to reduce the loss, because with a small number of particles, the statistical error increases and
the accuracy of the results decreases. The effect of particle losses is minimal if the sampling
losses before and after the filter are close.

1-filter; 2-HEPA filter (clean air); 3-valve before the filter; 4-clean air valve; 5-valve after the
filter; 6-computer; 7-particle counter; 8-pump
Figure 5-Diagram of the aerosol sampling system

7.5 Flow measurement

Flow rate measurement should be carried out using measuring instruments in accordance with
EN ISO 5167-1 (plates with holes, Venturi tubes, etc.).

The measurement uncertainty should not exceed 5% of the measured value with a 95%
confidence interval.

7.6 Particle Counter

The method involves the use of an optical particle counter with threshold sizes from 0.2 to
3.0 microns. The counting efficiency of the optical particle counter should be 50% for
particles with a size of 0.2 microns. The particle size range should be divided into at least five
parts, the boundaries of which are approximately equidistant from each other on a logarithmic
scale.
For more information and instructions on how to calibrate and operate the particle counter,
see section 8.

7.7 Differential pressure measuring equipment

The differential pressure measurement should be performed at the points of the duct
according to Figure 2. At each measurement point, there must be four connected outlets
located evenly along the contour of the cross-section of the air duct.

Differential pressure measurement equipment must have an error of not more than ±2 Pa in
the range from 0 to 70 Pa. For pressure drops of more than 70 Pa, the error should not exceed
±3% of the measured value.

7.8 Dust supply line

Any dust supply line can be used for testing, as long as it gives the same results as the line
shown in Figure 6. The line is designed to supply synthetic dust to the filter under test at a
constant speed. A certain amount of pre-weighed dust must be placed on a mobile tray that
moves at a constant speed. Dust is collected by a gear wheel and fed to the slot
пылеотборнойof the ejector dust collection tube. The ejector sprays dust using compressed
air and directs it to the test bench via a dust supply line. The spray tip should be placed at the
entrance to the duct section 2 and be coaxially aligned with it. The compressed air must be
dry, clean and free of oil.
 1-dust supply line (to the control dust inlet); 2-electroplated thin-walled tube; 3-venturi
ejector; 4-ejector; 5-compressed air supply hole; 6-dust tube (0.25 mm from the dust tray); 7-
gear wheel for dust extraction (outer diameter 88.9 mm, length 114.3 mm, has 60 teeth 5
mm high); 8-wheel tooth; 9-dust tray; 10-infrared reflector lamp, 150 W
Figure 6-Main dimensions of the dust supply line

The diagram and main dimensions of the dust supply line are shown in Figures 6 and 7. The
angle between the dust collection tube and the dust supply line must be 90°. In real situations,
this angle may be smaller.

Measures should be taken to prevent backflow of air through the dust collector tube at
positive pressure in the duct when the line is not in use.

The degree of dust dispersion depends on the characteristics of the compressed air, the
geometry of the aspirator assembly, and the air flow rate through the aspirator. The venturi
aspirator wears out during operation, as dust increases its size. Therefore, the dimensions
should be checked periodically to ensure that they meet the tolerance requirements of Figure
7.
 a) dust extraction pipe; b) ejector; c) venturi ejector

Tolerances:

- 0,8 - for integers.

- 0.03 - for decimals

Figure 7-Ejector, Venturi ejector and dust supply line details

Periodically check the pressure on the valve in the air supply line relative to the venturi tube
so that the air flow rate in the dust supply line is (6,8±0,2) m/s. These measurements should
be made for different pressure differences in the duct (8.11).

8 Parameters of the test bench and equipment

8.1 Uniform distribution of the air flow velocity in the cross section of the test
bench

The uniform distribution of the air flow velocity in the cross-section of the test bench should
be determined by measuring at nine specified points, as shown in Figure 8, immediately
before the installation section of the test filter. However, there is no filter or mixing device.
Measurements should be carried out with a device (tool) with an error of not more than ±10%
with the ability to measure the lowest speed of 0.05 m/s.

Measurements should be made at air flow rates of 0.25, 1.0 and 1.5 m /s. When measuring
speed, it is important that there is no disturbance of the air flow, which can be caused by the
measuring device, the operator and other reasons. The duration of each measurement should
be at least 15 seconds. The average of the three dimensions should be calculated for each of
the nine points, and the average and standard deviation should be calculated from these nine
values.

The coefficient of variation is calculated by the formula

, (1)*

where * is the standard deviation of measurements at nine points.

- the average value of measurements at nine points.

________________

* The formula and its explication correspond to the original. -.

it must not exceed 10% of each of the values when measuring air flow.

8.2 Uniformity of aerosol distribution in the cross-section of the test bench

The uniformity of aerosol distribution in the cross-section of the test bench should be
measured at the nine cross-sectional points shown in Figure 8 in front of the filter in its
immediate vicinity. The mixing device must be removed for the duration of the test.

Measurements can be performed using a single sampler that is sequentially transferred to the
measurement points.

The sampler must have the same shape as the sampler used in performance tests and have an
appropriate inlet diameter that allows isokinetic sampling within 10% at a reference air flow
rate of 0.944 m /s. The same sampler and the same sampling conditions should be used for
reference flow rates of 0.25, 1.0 and 1.5 m /s. The sampling line should be as short as
possible to reduce aerosol loss during sampling, and should be the same diameter as in
performance tests.
The aerosol concentration must be measured with an aerosol particle counter that meets the
requirements of this standard. The number of counted particles in each particle size range in
one dimension should be more than 500 to reduce statistical error.

Figure 8-Points for sampling and measuring the distribution of air velocity and aerosol
dispersion

Sampling is performed sequentially at each measurement point at least five times. Five values
at each point are averaged for all ranges of particle sizes and the coefficient of variation (
) is calculated for each i-th range of particle sizes using the formula:

, (2)*

where * is the standard deviation (for nine measurement points) for the i-th range of
particle sizes.

- the average measurement value for nine measurement points for the i-th particle size
range.

________________

* The formula and its explication correspond to the original. -.

The coefficient of variation should be less than 15% for reference air flow rates of 0.25, 1.0
and 1.5 m /s.

8.3 Calibrating the particle counter

Optical particle counters determine the particle concentration and equivalent optical particle
size. The meter reading is strictly dependent on its calibration.

To avoid negative effects on the accuracy of results caused by different aerodynamic, optical,
and electronic systems of different types of meters, particle counting in the sections before
and after the filter should be performed with the same instrument.

The meter must be calibrated at least once a year and have a valid calibration certificate.
Calibration of the meter is carried out by the manufacturer or other competent organization
according to accepted methods (see IEST-RP-CC014; ISO 21501-1; ISO 21501-4) using
spherical isotropic monodisperse particles of polystyrene latex (PSL) with a refractive index
of 1.59. Calibration should be performed for at least three channels in the range of 0.2 to 3
microns, including channels 0.2 and 3 microns.

Confirmation of the correct calibration of the meter can be obtained by checking the
distribution of the control aerosol in the section located before the filter, at each test. It is
recommended to check the meter calibration correctly often enough in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions. It is sufficient to confirm that PSL particles of various sizes
appear in the corresponding range of particle sizes. Checks with PSL particles in the lower
and upper size ranges are particularly important.

The flow rate of air passing through the meter during sampling must be within ±5% of the
nominal value according to accepted methods (for example, according to IEST-RP-CC014).

8.4 Checking the particle counter for a zero count

If a HEPA or ULPA filter is installed directly at the sampler inlet, the meter should show less
than 10 particles per minute in the size range from 0.2 to 3.0 microns. The sampling system is
also checked during this test.

8.5 Checking the particle counter for a match error

The particle counter can display particle concentrations that are lower than they actually are,
if the maximum allowable particle concentration set for this counter is exceeded and a
matching error occurs. When testing the filter, the maximum particle concentration should
not exceed the maximum permissible concentration, so that the matching error does not
exceed 5%. Otherwise, the obtained data on the filter efficiency will be lower than in reality.

If the particle concentration cannot be reduced in the cross-section of the test bench located
before the filter, then a dilution system is used that reduces the aerosol concentration to a
level below the maximum permissible concentration. To account for the uncertainty
associated with the dilution factor, a dilution system should be used both before and after the
filter.

To detect a match error, you can use either of the following two procedures. Procedure 2 is
preferred.

1) Filter efficiency should be evaluated at different concentrations. If the maximum

permissible concentration is exceeded, the effectiveness will begin to decrease.
2) In the section located before the filter, the distribution of particle concentrations should be
obtained. After that, the concentration should be reduced (diluted) and the particle
concentration distribution should be evaluated again. If the curve of the last particle
distribution has shifted towards smaller particles, then this is an indication that the previous
concentration was higher than the maximum permissible one. If the dilution factor is known,
it should be checked for each counter size range.

Reducing the concentration can be achieved by increasing the air flow rate or reducing the
supply of control aerosol from the generator.

Dilution of the concentration can be achieved by introducing a dilution system into the
sampling system.

8.6 Testing for 100% efficiency

Verification is carried out to confirm that the test bench and sampling system provide 100%
control efficiency.

The test is performed using a HEPA or ULPA filter as a test device. The usual test procedure
is used to determine effectiveness. The test should be carried out at an air flow rate through
the filter of 0.944 m /s. The efficiency should be more than 99% for all particle sizes.

8.7 Tests in the absence of a filter

Tests in the absence of a filter allow you to evaluate the retention of particles in the channel
itself, the sampling system and other parts of the test stand, using the filter efficiency
assessment methodology. The reference air flow rate should be 0.944 m /s. Two tests should
be performed, which should show the following performance values:

- (0±3)% - for particles with dimensions of 1 microns or less.

- (0±7)% - for particles with dimensions greater than 1 µm.

The number of registered particles of each size should be more than 500 to limit the statistical
error.

8.8 Time to enter the operating mode of the aerosol generator

It is necessary to determine the time required for the generator at the background
concentration level to reach a stable aerosol generation mode. The time required to stabilize
the aerosol concentration should be taken into account when conducting tests according to
this standard.

8.9 Calibration of pressure measuring instruments

Means for measuring the differential pressure must have an error according to 8.13 (Table 2).

8.10 Checking the differential pressure

The purpose of the test is to confirm that leaks in the differential pressure measurement
system do not significantly affect the accuracy of air flow or differential pressure
measurements. Tests can be performed using a calibration device or using the following
procedure.

Description of the test method

Carefully seal the pressure measuring points in the test bench. Disconnect the pressure gauge
that measures the differential pressure. Create a constant negative pressure (discharge) of
5000 Pa. Check all sampling lines (Figure 9). Pressure changes are not allowed.

1 - plugged hole for pressure measurement; 2 - section of the test device

Figure 9-Test diagram of the differential pressure measurement system

Create the maximum allowable pressure drop for the pressure gauge.

The procedure should be performed sequentially at positive and negative (under discharge)
pressure values. Pressure changes at the inlet ports are not allowed.

Additionally, for periodic checks of the differential pressure measurement system, a

perforated plate (or other device) with a known differential pressure can be used at air flow
rates of 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5 m /s.

8.11 Air flow through the dust generator

The purpose of the tests is to determine the air flow rate through the dust generator.

The venturi tube undergoes wear and tear due to dust and compressed air, which leads to an
increase in its internal dimensions. Therefore, it is important to periodically check the air
flow through the dust generator. The flow rate should be (6,8±0,2) l/s. Measurements are
performed according to the scheme shown in Figure 10.
 1 - dust generator; 2-tank with a volume of at least 0.25 m ; 3 - HEPA filter; 4-device that
measures air flow; 5-fan; 6 - device for measuring differential pressure

Note-The differential pressure must be zero.

Figure 10-Diagram of air flow measurement through a dust generator

8.12 General requirements for parameters

Table 2-General requirements for parameters

Name of the parameter or type Clause of this

Values
of test standard
Uniformity of air flow
8.1 <10%
velocity distribution
Uniformity of aerosol
8.2 <15%
distribution
Calibration of the particle
8.3 According to the current calibration certificate
counter
Checking the particle counter The maximum permissible concentration must
8.5
for a matching error not be exceeded
Checking the counter for zero Less than 10 counts per minute in the particle
8.4
counts size range from 0.2 to 3.0 microns
Checking for 100% efficiency 8.6 >99%
, the allowed error is:
Tests If there is no filter 8.7 - ±3% for particle sizes of 1.0 microns;
- ±7% for particle sizes >1 microns
Aerosol generator operating
8.8 In accordance with the measurements
time
Permissible error depending on the
measurement range:
Calibration of the pressure
8.9 - ±2 Pa in the range from 0 to 70 Pa;
gauge
- ±3% of the measured value at a pressure
greater than 70 Pa
Differential pressure tests 8.10 No leaks
Air flow through the dust
8.11 (6.8±0.2) l / s
generator
Note - - coefficient of variation.
8.13 Maintenance equipment

Table 3-Maintenance frequency

For After any possible

Name of indicator or Clause of Twice a
each Monthly Annually change in
type of test this standard year
test characteristics
Test channel
Uniformity of air flow
8.1 X
rate distribution
Uniformity of aerosol
8.2 X
distribution
100% efficiency test 8.6 X X
Filter-free tests 8.7 X X
Differential pressure
8.10 X X
test
Instrument
Aerosol generator
8.8 X X
operating time
Calibration of the
8.9 X X
pressure gauge
Calibration of the
8.3 X X
particle counter
Checking the particle
counter for a matching 8.5 X
error
Checking the particle
counter for a zero 8.4 X X
count
Air flow through the
8.11 X X
dust generator
Note-The equipment should be cleaned regularly to prevent characteristics.
9 Test materials
9.1 Requirements for air cleanliness, temperature and humidity

Indoor or outdoor air may be used for testing. In efficiency tests, the air is treated in HEPA
filters, after which it does not contain background particles. Test conditions-in accordance
with section 7. Exhaust air can be discharged outside, into the room or sent for recirculation.
Filtration of the exhaust air is recommended if it may contain control aerosol and dust
supplied to the filter.

9.2 Control aerosol

The DEHS control aerosol generated by the Laskin spray is widely used for testing HEPA
and ULPA filters.
Instead of the Laskin sprayer, any other sprayer capable of producing liquid particles of
sufficient concentration in the size range from 0.2 to 3.0 microns can be used. Undiluted
DEHS solution can also be used without aerosol preparation.

DEHS has the chemical formula:

or

and the following properties:

- density-912 kg / m .

- melting point-225 K;

- boiling point - 529 K;

- flash point-more than 473 K;

- steam pressure-1,9 MkPa at 273 K;

- refractive index-1.450 at a wavelength of 600 nm;

- dynamic viscosity - from 0.022 kg /m * s to 0.024 kg/m·s;

- CAS number-122-62-3.

9.3 Dust applied to the filter

Synthetic dust applied to the filter (G1-G4) is defined in ANSI / ASHRAE 52/2 and has the
following composition (by weight):

- 72% of the control fine dust according to ISO 12103-A2;

- 23% soot;

- 5% cotton fibers.

The control fine dust according to ISO 12103-1 consists mostly of quartz particles. The size
distribution is shown in table 4.

Table 4-Size distribution of control dust according to ISO 12103-1: 1997

Size, microns Particle content, % (by weight)

1 96.5 to 97.5
2 87.5 to 89.5
3 78.0 to 81.5
4 70.5 to 74.5
5 64 to 69
 Size, microns Particle content, % (by weight)
7 54 to 59
10 46 to 50
20 26 to 30
40 9 to 12
80 0 to 0.5
9.4 Finishing filter

The finish filter captures any feed dust that passes through the test filter when the dust is fed.

The final filter must capture 98% of the supplied dust and not increase (decrease) its loss by
more than 1 g when the humidity changes during one test cycle.

The design of the finishing filter can be arbitrary and must meet the efficiency requirement
(dust retention capacity of more than 98%). The filter must have an initial efficiency of more
than 75% for DEHS particles with a size of 0.4 microns.

10 Filter tests
10.1 Test preparation

The filter must be assembled according to the manufacturer's recommendations and then
weighed to the nearest gram. External elements (if they are provided) must have the same
characteristics as in actual operation.

The filter and its mounting elements (frame) must be installed hermetically in the channel.
The tightness of the installation is checked by visual inspection, leakage is not allowed. If, for
some reason, the filter size does not allow it to be tested under standard conditions, then it is
allowed to connect two or more filters of the same type so that the entire system does not
have leaks. The characteristics of such a system should be reflected in the test report.

10.2 Initial pressure drop

The initial differential pressure values must be recorded at 50%, 75%, 100%, and 125% air
flow rates relative to the nominal value in order to plot the differential pressure curve as a
function of air flow. The differential pressure values should be reduced to a density of 1.2
kg / m according to Annex C.

10.3 Initial efficiency

10.3.1 General provisions

The efficiency of the discharged filter media should be determined in accordance with section
11, and the filter efficiency should be determined in accordance with this section.

10.3.2 Determining effectiveness

The efficiency for a given particle size range should be calculated using the formula

, (3)

where is the number of particles of the i-th size range obtained in the cross-section of the
channel after the filter;

- the number of particles of the i-th size range obtained in the cross-section of the channel
to the filter.

The initial efficiency versus diameter curve should be plotted on the diagram. The average
diameter is the geometric mean of the minimum and maximum diameter values in the i-th
range of particle sizes, calculated by the formula

, (4)

where is the minimum particle diameter in the size range.

- maximum particle diameter in the size range.

The initial efficiency is determined at a given reference air flow rate and a stable
concentration of particles supplied by the aerosol generator, in accordance with the
requirements for the particle counter matching error, and the results of each measurement in
the stream behind the filter should be sufficient to obtain a statistically reliable result with an
acceptable test duration.

Efficiency is determined from at least 13 measurements lasting at least 20 seconds each

sequentially in the stream before and after the filter. Before each measurement, the particle
counter is cleaned or a sample is taken in the stream before and after the filter without
counting particles to stabilize the particle concentration in the sampling lines.

The calculated cycle for the i-th range of particle sizes is shown in Table 5.

Table 5-Measurement cycle for the i-th particle size range

Measurement number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Pre
-filter measurement Post-filter
measurement

The first unit efficiency is calculated for the i-th range of particle sizes by the formula
 . (5)

A series of 13 measurements allows you to determine six single performance results .

...

The initial average efficiency is calculated for the i-th range of particle sizes using the
formula

, (6)

where are the initial average filter efficiencies for the ith particle size range.

10.4 Feeding dust to the filter

10.4.1 Dust supply method

Standard control dust is continuously fed to the filter and the differential pressure and filter
efficiency are measured sequentially. Doses for dusting the filter (increment of the mass of
dust supplied) are weighed with an accuracy of ±0.1 g and placed in a dust tray. Dust is fed to
the filter at a concentration of 70 mg / m until the differential pressure value for this test
stage is reached. The dust retention capacity and efficiency are determined after each dust
increment cycle. For filters with a known average efficiency of less than 40%, it only
determines the dust retention capacity. Before stopping the dust supply, the dust remaining in
the dust tray is swept away with a brush to the gripper (tube) so that the dust gets into the air
stream. The dust supply tube should be vibrated or tapped for 30 seconds. The amount of dust
applied to the filter can also be determined by weighing the remaining dust in the tube. Then,
any synthetic dust should be re-fed into the channel section up to the filter using a
compressed air stream directed at an angle relative to the filter.

The tests are stopped, the final filter is re-weighed (with an accuracy of 0.5 g) to determine
the amount of synthetic dust captured, and the dust retention capacity is calculated. All dust
deposits in the channel between the test subject and the final filter must be collected with a
fine brush and added to the mass of the final filter.

The initial efficiency and initial pressure drop are determined before the dust supply, and the
efficiency, pressure drop and dust retention capacity are determined after the supply of 30 g
of dust and after at least four approximately equal dust loads (increments) until the final test
pressure drop is reached. The first 30 g of dust determines the initial dust retention capacity,
and additional dust loads (increments) allow you to build a smooth curve of efficiency and /
or dust retention capacity depending on the amount of dust supplied until the final pressure
drop during testing is reached.

Table 6 shows the parameters determined during the dust supply.

Table 6-Determined parameters for measurements or calculations after each dust supply cycle

Test stage Parameter

Dust
to be determined holding- Dust
Pressure
Efficiency retaining capacity
capacity
drop Initial (before dust supply) Yes No No Yes
After 30 g of dust is applied (first dust
supply to determine the initial dust Yes Yes No Yes
retention capacity)
At the end of each intermediate dust
Yes Yes No Yes
increment
After the last dust increment (at the final
Yes Yes Yes Yes
test pressure drop)

If it is difficult to estimate dust increments, then feeding dust until a pressure drop of
approximately 100, 150, 250, and 450 Pa is reached will produce a smooth curve. For a filter
with a low initial differential pressure or a filter with a low differential pressure increase
depending on the dust load, one or more measurement points are required at the beginning of
the dust supply process. Other filters may require an additional measurement point at the end
of the dust supply process to ensure that the measured points are evenly distributed.

Note: If the dust load increases, at least four evenly distributed points must be selected to plot
the pressure drop curve against the dust load. Additional measurement points may be required
if the required dust mass for the increment is difficult to determine.

The values of dustcapacity, average efficiency and dust retention capacity at the specified
final pressure drop during testing are determined by linear interpolation of the corresponding
graphs.

10.4.2 Dust retention capacity

The dust retention capacity should be determined after each dust supply cycle.

When each subsequent pressure drop is reached, the pre-weighed finish filter is removed
from the test bench and re-weighed. Increasing the mass of the test filter allows you to
determine the dust mass пылиof the dust retained by it. The dust retention capacity for the
j-th dust supply cycle is calculated by the formula

, (7)

where is the mass of dust passed through the filter (increase in the mass of the final filter
and dust after the device ), after the j-th cycle of dust supply;
 - the mass of dust applied to the filter (dust increment ) during the j-th dust supply
cycle.

Tests are stopped if the dust retention capacity is below 75% of the maximum dust retention
capacity or if two values are below 85% of the maximum value. The initial dust retention
capacity is calculated after the first 30 g of dust is applied.

The average dust retention capacity is calculated from at least five values obtained during the
tests. The average dust retention capacity is calculated by the formula

, (8)

where is the total mass of the supplied dust.

, , ... - dust masses fed sequentially to the filter until the final pressure drops are
reached during the tests , , ... .

Значения Dust retention values greater than 99% are indicated in the test report as >99%.

A continuous dust retention curve, depending on the amount of dust supplied, should be
plotted from the dust retention data, which is plotted at points corresponding to the average
values of mass increments.

10.4.3 Efficiency

The initial efficiency and, if possible, the efficiency should be determined immediately after
each dust supply cycle. Leaks must be repaired before testing begins.

After each dust supply cycle, the filter is purged for 5 minutes to reduce secondary
entrainment of particles from the partially dusty filter and the inner surface of the stand
channel. Secondary entrainment or separation of particles after 5 min is included in the
measurement results, as it affects the efficiency value.

The efficiency is determined in the same way as the initial efficiency (10.3.2) from a series of
at least 13 measurements for at least 20 seconds each, carried out sequentially in sections
located before and after the test filter. Each measurement should be preceded by purging the
air ducts of the sampling lines to stabilize the particle concentration in them.

The average efficiency after each dust supply cycle is calculated for a range of particle sizes
using the formula

, (9)

where , ..., is the unit efficiency for the i-th range of particle sizes after the dust
supply cycle;
 - average efficiency for the i-th particle size range after the j-th dust supply cycle.

10.4.4 Average efficiency

For a series of n dust supply cycles, the average efficiency is calculated by the formula

, (10)

where is the average efficiency for the i-th range of particle sizes for all dust supply
cycles;

- average efficiency for the i-th particle size range after the j-th dust supply cycle;

- the amount of dust applied during the jth dust supply cycle.

where n is the number of dust supply cycles.

10.4.5 Dustproof capacity

The dust storage capacity at a given final pressure drop during testing is calculated by
multiplying the total mass of dust supplied (i.e., taking into account its losses in the channel
to the filter installation site) by the average dust retention capacity.

11 Test procedure for discharged filter media

11.1 General provisions

Static charge removal is used to determine the dependence of the filter efficiency on the
particle trapping mechanism due to electrostatic forces and to obtain quantitative information
about the significance of the electrostatic particle trapping effect. This is achieved by
determining the effectiveness of the first un-discharged filter material, and then discharged,
when the static charge is removed and does not affect the particle trapping effect.

11.2 Equipment

The test procedure is based on standard filter treatment with isopropanol to assess the effect
of electrostatic charge on capture efficiency.

During tests using isopropanol, the effectiveness of untreated (in isopropanol) samples of
filter materials is first measured. The samples are then placed in isopropanol with a
concentration of more than 99.5%. If regenerated isopropanol is used, its purity should be
more than 99.5%. After the samples are treated with isopropanol, they are placed on an inert
surface in a fume hood for drying. After drying, the efficiency measurements are repeated for
approximately 24 hours. To confirm that the sample does not contain isopropanol residues,
the masses of the untreated and dried after treatment sample are compared.

Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of equipment for testing filter materials. This system
consists of a test channel, a flow meter, an air flow monitoring device, a sampling tube (in the
flow after the filter), and a pressure gauge. The filter material sample is fixed by means of a
flange in the test channel. The test channel also includes a mixing section, which ensures that
the sample is representative in the flow behind the filter media. The sampler is connected to
the sampling system of the particle size analyzer. Air and control aerosol can be drawn from
the main channel, i.e. an aerosol generator can be used to test the filter.

1 - pressure gauge; 2-test channel; 3-filter material sample; 4 - mixing section; 5-sampling
tube after filter; 6-flow meter; 7-air flow control device; 8-fan; 9-sampling tube before filter;
10-channel before filter; 11 - control aerosol
Figure 11-Filter material testing equipment

Figure 12 shows a scheme for treating a sample of filter material with isopropanol. When
applying this method, a cuvette (container) for technical isopropanol and a substrate are used,
on which samples of filter materials are placed for drying. Samples are dried in a laboratory
fume hood.
 1 - device for determining efficiency; 2 - sample of filter material; 3-isopropanol treatment;
4-cuvette (container) with isopropanol; 5-fume hood; 6-drying of a sample of material
Figure 12-Scheme for processing a sample of filter material with isopropanol

11.3 Preparation of test samples

Representative samples of the material should be obtained from the customer or cut from
another filter that is identical to the test subject. The sample sizes must correspond to the size
of the whole filter. The places where samples of filter materials are cut (from the whole filter)
should be random. If you cannot cut out flat samples of filter material from the filter, then cut
out a small section of the filter and install it hermetically in the test bench. The total area of
all sections of the test filter material should be 600 cm and include at least three samples.

11.4 Determination of filter media efficiency

11.4.1 General provisions

Tests of discharged filter media should be performed at 100% and 50% of the rated air
velocity. The results obtained at 100% of the nominal air velocity are used to determine the
filter class. The results at 50% of the nominal air velocity are used to evaluate the efficiency
of the discharged filter media.

Testing begins with the installation of a sample of filter media in the test bench. The nominal
air velocity is set equal to the nominal air velocity in the filter material (for the effective
filtration area). After adjusting the air velocity, measure the pressure drop across the filter.

Filtration efficiency for particles is determined by measuring the particle concentration in the
air stream before and after the filter material sample. Requirements for control aerosol,
particle size range and efficiency determination-in accordance with 10.3.2.

11.4.2 Testing with isopropanol

Tests with isopropanol are performed in the following sequence:

a) weigh samples of filter media;

b) determine the efficiency and measure the pressure drop for untreated samples. The
efficiency of untreated samples and pressure drops are denoted and , respectively;

c) the test untreated samples are electrostatically charged by placing them in isopropanol for
two minutes, then the samples are placed on inert substrates for drying.

Drying of samples from isopropanol is carried out in a laboratory fume hood.

d) after drying the samples (24 h), determine their mass. If the mass of the sample has
increased by more than a few tenths of a gram compared to the initial value, then it should be
dried;

e) determine the efficiency and measure the differential pressure for discharged samples. The
efficiency of samples of discharged filter material and pressure drops are denoted and
, respectively.

11.4.3 Formatting results

The average efficiency of untreated and discharged samples of filter materials is calculated
and entered in the test report:

a) the average efficiency of untreated samples is calculated by the formula

where is the range of particle sizes.

- serial number of the sample ( =1, 2, 3, ...);

- total number of samples.

b) the average efficiency of the discharged material for discharged samples is

calculated by the formula

where is the range of particle sizes.

- serial number of the sample ( =1, 2, 3, ...);

- total number of samples.

c) the average efficiency for particles with a size of 0.4 microns of untreated samples is
compared with the initial efficiency of the filter for particles with a size of 0.4 microns . If
the average efficiency of the untreated samples exceeds the limits of ( ±8)%, then two
more samples should be tested and the values obtained should be included in the re-
calculation of the average efficiency.

11.5 Test report

The average efficiency of the discharged material and the average efficiency of the untreated
samples should be indicated in the test report for each i-th particle size range.

The results obtained at the nominal air velocity should be used to classify filters. The average
efficiency of the discharged material for particles with a size of 0.4 microns and the average
efficiency of the untreated material (at nominal air velocity) should be indicated in the test
report.

12 Uncertainty of test results

The uncertainty of average efficiency is determined with a confidence probability of 0.95. In

the pre-filter cross-section, the number of particles counted during sampling must be at least
500 in each particle size range up to 1 µm in accordance with ISO 2854: 1976. The
confidence interval is calculated using the following formulas:

, (11)

, (12)

, (13)

, (14)

, (15)

where is the average efficiency.

- uncertainty.

- efficiency at point i.

- the number of degrees of freedom.

 - Student's distribution variable, depending on the number of degrees of freedom ;

- number of the point where the efficiency value is determined .

- standard deviation.

The value is determined from Table 7. The uncertainty is calculated for each
particle size range.

Table 7-Student distribution according to ISO 2854: 1976

Cycle number Number of degrees of freedom

*
4 3 1,591
5 4 1,242
6 5 1,049
7 6 0,925
8 7 0,836
* corresponds to a confidence probability of 0.95 ( =0.05).

The uncertainty of average efficiency for classification purposes is calculated using the
following formulas:

, (16)

, (17)

where is the uncertainty of the average efficiency for the i-th range of particle sizes.

- uncertainty of the average efficiency for the i-th particle size range after the j-th dust
supply cycle;

- the amount of dust applied during the j-th dust supply cycle;

- dust supply cycle number.

13 Test report
13.1 General provisions

The test report should include a description of the test procedure and any deviations from it.
The report should indicate the type and identification number of the particle meter, as well as
the method of measuring air flow. The protocol should include:

- conclusion based on the test results;

- calculation of efficiencies and their uncertainties;

- data and results of air flow and differential pressure measurements;

- data and measurement results of the amount of dust supplied.

The protocol is drawn up in accordance with this standard. The protocol forms are shown in
Figures 13-15 and Tables 8-13. These forms are optional, but the protocol must include the
information specified in them. Entries in each table and column should preferably include:

- filter type.

- designation of this standard;

- test number.

- control aerosol.

- control air consumption.

The dust supply, dust capacity and average efficiency must be recorded at the final pressure
differences in tests of 150 and 250 Pa for filters of Group G and 250, 350 and 450 Pa for
filters of groups M and F. Linear interpolation or extrapolation is allowed to determine from
the closest measured values the values at a given final test pressure drop.

13.2 Explanations in test reports

These explanations are intended for persons unfamiliar with the methods of this standard to
help understand and explain the results in the test report.

The high efficiency of many types of filters is ensured by the passive electrostatic charge of
the material fibers, which is especially pronounced at the initial stage of filter operation.
Environmental factors affecting the filter during operation can affect this charge and
significantly reduce the initial efficiency.

This effect is compensated by dust settling on the filter material, which can even cause an
increase in efficiency (mechanical efficiency). At the end of the filter's service life, the
filtration efficiency can become equal to the initial efficiency or even exceed it. The indicated
efficiencies of the untreated (charged) and discharged material indicate the degree of
influence of the electrostatic charge on the initial efficiency. It should not be assumed that the
efficiency of a discharged filter characterizes the behavior of the filter during operation. It
shows the efficiency of the filter when the influence of electrostatic charge is completely
excluded, without taking into account the compensating increase in mechanical efficiency.

Filter efficiency is determined using artificially created DESH droplet clouds with carefully
controlled particle size. The measurements are repeated after feeding the ASHRAE dust filter
until the pressure drop reaches 250 Pa for the coarse filter test (G) and 450 Pa for the finish
filter test (F) and the medium filter test (M). The dust capacity measured in this case can be
used for comparison or ranking, but These tests should not be assumed to reflect the actual
operating conditions of the filter, as the properties of the dust used in the test may differ
significantly from the properties of real dust.

13.3 Conclusions

The final section of the test report (Figure 13) should include the following information:

a) basic data:

1) name of the testing organization;

2) date of the test;

3) last name and initials of the operator;

4) the report number.

5) test requirements;

6) the device manufacturer;

7) date of receipt of the device (filter);

b) information about the manufacturer of the device (filter) to be tested:

1) description of the device.

2) type, identification data and marking;

3) the manufacturer;

4) design description (for example, pocket filter, number of pockets);

5) dimensions (width, height, depth);

6) the type of filter media, and if possible or acceptable, the following must be specified:

(i) An identification code (i.e., for example, fiberglass type ABC123, inorganic fibers type
123ABC);

(ii) an effective filter surface;

(iii) Dust-proof capacity;

7) additional information, if necessary;

c) test data:

1) control air flow rate;

2) temperature and relative humidity of the control air;

3) the type of supplied dust and control aerosol;

d) test results:

1) initial and final pressure drop during testing;

2) initial and average efficiency (0.4 microns), including the uncertainty of the results of
determining the average efficiency;

3) initial and average dust retention capacity;

4) dustproof capacity;

5) the efficiency of the untreated and discharged filter (0.4 microns);

6) filter class and indication (in parentheses) of test conditions, if the reference air flow or
final pressure drop during testing is non-standard;

e) graphs of the main technical characteristics:

1) the dependence of the differential pressure on the air flow rate for a clean filter;

2) the dependence of the pressure drop on the amount of dust supplied;

3) the dependence of the efficiency (0.4 microns) on the amount of dust supplied;

4) the dependence of the dust retention capacity on the amount of dust supplied (the curve
should be plotted at points corresponding to the average values of weight increments).

f) records that:

1) the results refer only to the tested filter.

2) the test results cannot be considered as technical characteristics of the filter under real
operating conditions;

In conclusion, based on the test results, you should:

- round the numerical values of the test results to the nearest integer.
- specify the uncertainty of average efficiency only for particles with a size of 0.4 microns.

13.4 Efficiency

In addition to the conclusion on the test results, tables and graphs should indicate the results
of determining effectiveness.

a) The tables indicate:

1) efficiency and its uncertainty for each particle size after different dust supply cycles (Table
8);

2) average efficiency for each particle size at different final pressure drops during testing.
Dust capacity and filter class can be included in table 9.

3) the dependence of the differential pressure on air flow and dust supply (Table 10);

4) dependence of the dust holding capacity on the pressure drop and dust supply (Table 11);

5) efficiency of the untreated and discharged filter (Table 12).

b) The graphs show:

1) the dependence of efficiency on particle size after different dust supply cycles (Figure 13);

2) average efficiency at various final pressure drops during testing (Figure 13);

3) initial efficiency (Figure 13).

Linear interpolation or extrapolation from the nearest obtained particle efficiency value to the
final test pressure drop should be calculated as the efficiency at a given final test pressure
drop. Alternatively, the average results can be interpolated or extrapolated with respect to the
nearest measurement of the final test pressure drop.

13.5 Differential pressure and air flow

All required data and results of air flow and differential pressure measurements obtained
during the tests should be presented in a table. The pressure drop curves for a clean and dusty
filter are presented in the conclusion.

The differential pressures must be adjusted to an air density of 1.2 kg / m in accordance

with Annex C.

13.6 Dust-holding capacity and dust capacity

All required data and results of dust capacity and dust retention measurements should be
presented in a table.
The initial dust retention capacity, average dust retention capacity and dust capacity at
various final pressure drops during testing, as well as the dust retention curve, should be
indicated in the conclusion.

13.7 Marking

The filter must be marked with the following information:

- name, trademark or other information about the manufacturer.

- type and source number of the filter.

- designation of this standard;

- the filter group and class according to this standard.

- the air flow rate at which the filter was classified.

If the filter in the ventilation duct can be installed incorrectly, then marking is necessary for
the correct installation of the filter - there must be inscriptions "top", "direction of air flow".
The marking must be clear and durable.
 Figure 13-Final section of the test report

Table 8-Efficiency and uncertainty after different dust supply cycles

EN 779: 2012 Efficiency and uncertainty after various dust supply cycles
of the Air filter:
Test N:
Control aerosol:
Air consumption, m / s
Particle size, microns Efficiency, %
Range Average Pressure drop/dust applied
Pa Pa Pa Pa Pa Pa Pa
g g g g g Pa g

Note-The uncertainty of the obtained efficiency values correspondsto the 95% confidence
interval.

Table 9-Average efficiency at various final pressure drops during testing

EN 779: 2012-Average efficiency at various final pressure drops during

Air filter tests:
Test N:
Control aerosol:
Air consumption: m / s
Particle size, microns Average efficiency, %
Range Average Final pressure drop during testing, Pa

Dust capacity y y y
Filter class
 Figure 14-Efficiency after different dust supply cycles

Figure 15-Initial and average efficiency after different dust supply cycles
Table 10-Air flow and pressure drop after different dust supply cycles
EN 779: 2012 Air consumption and pressure drop after different dust supply cycles
Air filter:
Test N:
Control aerosol:
Air flow rate: m / s
Mass of dust
Date Flow Meter Filter
supplied

, , , , kg / , , , , ,m , ,
,g °c % kPa kg/m
°C kPa Pa m /s Pa
Pa
Clean filter

Pressure drop on the clean filter is proportional , where =

Dust supply cycle

Designations and units of measurement

- total mass of dust applied to the filter, g;

- absolute air pressure up to the filter, kPa;

- static pressure on the flow meter, kPa;

- mass air flow, kg / s;

- air flow through the filter, m / s;

- air temperature up to the filter, °C;
- temperature in the flow meter, °C;

- air density to the filter, kg/m ;

- relative humidity to the filter,%;

- measured pressure drop across the filter, Pa;

- pressure drop across the flow meter, Pa;
- pressure drop across the filter at an air density of 1.20 kg / m , Pa.
Table 11-Pressure drop and dust retention capacity after different dust supply cycles
EN 779: 2012-Pressure drop and dust retention capacity after various dust supply
cycles
Air filter:
Test N:
Control aerosol:
Air consumption: m / s
Date , Pa ,g ,g , Pa ,g ,g ,g ,g ,%

Mass of the filter

under test Initial mass of the filter under test: g
Final mass of the filter under test: g
Designations and units of measurement
-dust retention capacity,%;

- dust in the channel after the filter, g;

- total mass of dust applied to the filter, g;

- mass of the final filter before the dust increment, g;

- mass of the final filter after the dust increment, g;

- dust increment, g;

- increase in the mass of the final filter, g;

- pressure drop before the dust increment, Pa;

- pressure drop after the dust increment, Pa.

Table 12-Efficiency and pressure drop of untreated filter media
EN 779: 2012-Efficiency and pressure drop of untreated filter material
Air filter:
Test N:
Control aerosol:
Air flow rate: m / h
Air velocity in the filter media: m / s
Filter media sample size: m
Particle size, microns Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Average
Efficiency, %
Range Average pressure drop, Pa

Note-The uncertainty of the obtained efficiency values correspondsto a 95% confidence

interval.

Table 13-Efficiency and differential pressure of the discharged filter material

EN 779: 2012-Efficiency and differential pressure of discharged filter material
Air filter:
Test N:
Control aerosol:
Air flow rate: m / h
Air velocity in the filter media: m / s
Filter media sample size: m
Particle size, microns Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Average
Efficiency, %
Range Average pressure drop, Pa

Note-The uncertainty of the obtained efficiency values correspondsto a 95% confidence

interval.
 Appendix A
(reference)

Separation of particles from filters

A. 1 General provisions

The term "separation" refers to three different phenomena: particle rebound, separation of
fibers or particles from the filter material, and secondary particle entrainment. Some or all of
these phenomena are more or less likely to occur during the filter's lifetime.

A. 2 Particle separation

A. 2. 1 Particle bounce

In an ideal filtration process, each particle should be continuously delayed when it first
encounters a filter surface, such as a filter fiber, or a previously delayed particle. For small
particles and low air velocities, the adhesion forces significantly exceed the kinetic energy of
moving particles in the air stream, and dust particles that are already trapped are unlikely to
be carried out of the filter. An increase in particle size and air velocity leads to a decrease in
this effect, for example, large particles "bounce" off the fibers. But at the same time, they lose
quite a lot of energy and can be delayed in the subsequent collision with the fiber. However,
if there is no effective contact with the fiber, then the particles will be lost, i.e. they will be
removed from the filter, which leads to a decrease in efficiency for particles in this size range.

The method for determining the number of compartments of this type using solid particles is
defined in ASHRAE / ANSI Standard 52.2: 1999. The effect of particle rebound cannot be
measured by a method that uses liquid particles, according to this standard.

The particle bounce effect is more noticeable for group G filters than for groups M and F.

Some researchers [see references 1) and 2) in A. 4] found that for particles with sizes from 4
to 8 microns, there is a decrease in efficiency, which may be due to the effect of particle
entrainment. This International standard does not contain methods for evaluating the
effectiveness of solid particles with dimensions greater than 3 microns.

A. 2. 2 Separation of fibers or particles by filter media

Some filter designs include a filter material that also contains and / or generates some free
fibers or particles of the material. This material can be removed from the filter by air flow.
The degree of fiber loss depends on the integrity of the fiber structure of the filter material,
the hardness and instability of dust loads and air velocities during the filter's service life. It
should be noted that the number of fibers released (removed from the filter) is insignificant in
comparison with the total amount of dust passed through the filter under typical
environmental conditions.

The effect of separation of fibers or particles by the filter material is more noticeable for
filters of groups M and F than for group G.

A. 2. 3 Secondary particle entrainment

If the amount of trapped dust on the filter increases, the following additional effects occur:

a) an incoming particle can hit a previously captured particle and knock it out into the air
stream;

b) the air velocity in the filter material increases due to the reduced space for air passage by
trapped particles. In addition, the filter material may shrink due to an increase in air flow
resistance, and thus cause an additional increase in air velocity in the air ducts. This increase
in air velocity can carry away some of the deposited particles.

c) fluctuations in the filter material during filter operation cause a redistribution of dust
trapped by the filter material. Fluctuations lead to an increase in dust entrainment.
Fluctuations in the filter material can be caused by the following reasons:

1) normal air flow through the filter during periodic (for example, daily) start and stop of air
conditioners at facilities;

2) changes in air flow leading to compression and loosening of the filter material;

c) mechanical vibration.

Particle entrainment for these reasons (also called "entrainment" or "discharge") can be
measured and quantified [see fig. references 3) and 4) of this annex, as well as 10.4.2].

The entrainment effect is equally pronounced for filters of groups F, M, and G.

A. 3 Tests

The particle size efficiency curves (Group F filters) given in this standard show that the effect
of the separation effect is very small. The dust retention curves пылезадерживающей(Group
G filters) given in this standard show that this factor affects only slightly, or does not affect at
all. Any decrease in dust retention or resistance during the filter feed tests should be
considered as an indication that it is possible to separate particles from the filter.

It is difficult to make a meaningful assessment of particle separation (separation of particles

from the filter media and secondary entrainment). The particle counter may not always
respond quickly to short-term "emissions" or the formation of a collection of particles.

A future revision of this International standard will consider methods that can quantify the
"separation" or "secondary entrainment" of particles or fibers.

You should also pay attention to the difficulties in evaluating these filter characteristics for
real conditions obtained using synthetic dust. Users should be aware of the possibility of
separating fibers from the filter. In operating conditions where this phenomenon may occur,
diagnostic air sampling should be performed.
A.4 Links

1) Phillips B.A., Davis W.T. and Dever, М., Investigation of the Effect of a Topically Applied
Tackifier in Reducing Particle Bounce in a Melt-Blown Air Filter (Filtration & Separation,
1996, p.933)

2) Qian Y., Willeke K., Ulevicius V. and Grinshpun S.A., Particle Re-entrainment from
Fibrous Filters (Aerosol Science and Technology, 27:3)

3) Kuehn T.H., Yang C.H. and Kulp R.H., Effects of Fan Cycling on the Performance of
Particulate Air filters used for IAQ Control (Indoor Air '96, The 7th International Conference
on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Vol.4, p.211)

4) Rivers R.D. and Murphy D.J., Determination of Air Filter Performance under Variable
Air Volume (VAV) Conditions (ASHRAE 675-RP:1996)
 Appendix B
(reference)

Explanations

B. 1 General provisions

The methods described in this standard are a development of the methods given in EN 779:
2002. The basic design of the test bench specified in EN 779: 2002 has been preserved. The
DEHS control aerosol (or equivalent) is sprayed evenly across the channel cross-section to
the test filter. The optical particle counter (OPC) analyzes representative samples taken
before and after the filter to obtain data on the filter's efficiency by particle size.

Details of the design of the stand are not given, but it is assumed that the stand ensures the
accuracy and reliability of test results.

B. 2 Classification

The classification system EN 779: 2002 (containing the classification of filters in groups F
and G) has been changed to include three filter groups (F, M and G). The classification group
is determined by the filtration efficiency of liquid DEHS particles with a diameter of 0.4
microns.

Filters with an average efficiency below 40% for particles with a size of 0.4 microns belong
to group G (coarse filters). For these filters, indicate the efficiency as " <40%". Classification
of Group G filters (G1-G4) is based on their average dust retention capacity (dust supply
test).

Filters with an average efficiency of 40% to 80% (excluding 80%) are classified as Group M
(medium filters) (classes M5, M6), their classification is based on the average filtration
efficiency of particles with a size of 0.4 microns. The filter classes F5 and F6 were changed
to M5 and M6, but they still have the same classification requirements.

Filters with an average efficiency of 80% and above are classified as Group F (fine filters)
(classes F7-F9). Their classification is based on the average filtering efficiency in accordance
with the previous classification, as well as on their minimum efficiency.

B. 3 Tests

B. 3. 1 Control aerosol

The DEHS control aerosol (or its equivalent) was selected for efficacy testing for the
following reasons:

- existing equipment used in accordance with EN 779: 2002 and Eurovent 4/9 can be used;

- liquid aerosols of the required concentrations, size ranges and consistency are easier to
generate;
- particle counters are calibrated using spherical latex particles; determining the size of liquid
spherical particles using an optical particle counter is more accurate than solid particles or
feed dust with non-spherical particles.

B. 3. 2 Feed dust

The feed dust (synthetic dust) is identical to ANSI/ASHRAE 52.2 dust and has the following
composition:

- 72% by weight of standardized control dust for testing air purifiers [ISO 12103 (item A2),
ISO 12103-1: 1997];

- 23% by weight of coal powder [ASTM D3765 CTAB surface (27.3±3) m / g, ASTM
D2414 DBP-adsorption (0.68±0.07) cm /g, ASTM D3265 ton strength (43±4) units];

- 5% by weight of cotton fibers (lint fibers); cotton fibers must be second-cut, extracted from
cotton seed and soil atWiley the Wiley Mill and passed through a sieve with a hole size of 4
mm.

The dust must be prepared at the factory.

The created composition does not represent real dust, but has been used for 20 years to
simulate the dusting of the filter. The dust will be used until a more representative
composition is created.

B. 3. 3 Aerosol distribution and sampling

When using liquid aerosols, a uniform distribution of the particles fed into the filter must be
ensured to determine the efficiency.

For this purpose, appropriate injection devices or mixing devices should be used that provide
a coefficient of variation of less than 10% at the filter inlet.

Aerosol samples for concentration determination and particle size analysis before and after
the filter should be representative at the sampling point and compensate for the effect of
particle loss in the sampling lines.

To obtain representative samples from a single point, a certain fixed position of the samplers
in the measurement sections is required. This is less important for low-efficiency filters
(Class M5) than for high-efficiency filters of Group F (Class F9).

B. 3. 4 Characteristics of the particle counter

The optical particle counter must count particles with dimensions between 0.2 and 3.0
microns at particle concentrations greater than 100 v cm . The counter channels must
include dimensions of 0.4 microns and 3.0 microns. The same particle counter must be used
for pre-filter and post-filter sampling.

B. 3. 5 Testing of flat material

According to the standard, the minimum air flow rate should be 0.24 m /s. This means that
flat (sheet) material at speeds below 0.62 m / s cannot be tested directly. For tests at lower air
velocities in the filter media, the area of the material must be increased. If the material is
fixed in the W-shape frame, it can be tested as a normal filter. There is no relationship
between the W-shape and the flat material, but the method can be used to compare and
evaluate the material.

Figure B. 1 shows a typical W-shape design that can be used to evaluate filter media. The W-
shape has a net effective filtration area of 1 m and provides the same air flow rate through
the filter material (in m /s) and the average air flow rate (in m/s), i.e. at a flow rate of 0.4 m
/ s, the air speed in the filter material is 0.4 m/s.

The test filter material must be applied to the W-mold frame, straightened and secured using
the same W-mold frame (i.e., the filter material is fixed between two W-mold frames).

B. 4 Filtration characteristics

B. 4. 1 General provisions

Measures to reduce secondary entrainment of particulates are given in Annex A.

B. 4. 2 Differential pressure

All pressure drops measured during the tests must be reduced to an air density of 1.2 kg / m ,
which corresponds to the standard conditions: temperature 20°C, barometric pressure
101.315 kPa, relative humidity 50%. However, if the air density is between 1.16 and 1.24
kg/m , then reduction to standard conditions is not required.

B. 4. 3 Effect of electrostatic charge

The determination of effectiveness in this standard and the classification of filters are based
on neutralized control aerosol. To test the dependence of filtration efficiency on electrostatic
charge, the initial efficiency should be determined for both non-neutralized and neutralized
DEHS aerosol generated during testing with a Laskin spray gun. A significant increase in
efficiency for smaller particles is detected when tests are carried out with a non-neutralized
aerosol. This shows that the filter efficiency depends on the electrostatic charge. Tests
performed at a value equal to half the reference air flow rate also give higher efficiency
values for charged filters.
1 - W-mold frame; 2-filter material (1 m ); 3-W-mold pressure frame
Figure B. 1-Example of W-mold frame and filter material test parts
 Appendix C
(reference)

Differential pressure calculation

The pressure drops measured during the tests should be reduced to an air density of 1.20
(1.1987) kg / m with standard air parameters: temperature 20°C, barometric pressure
101.325 kPa, relative humidity 50%. However, when the air density is between 1.16 and 1.24
kg/m , it is not necessary to adjust to standard conditions.

The differential pressure across the filter can be calculated using the following formulas:

, (p. 1)

, (p. 2)

where is the pressure drop, Pa.

- constant.

- air consumption, m / s.

- dynamic air viscosity, Pa * s;

- an exponent.

- air density, kg / m. .

The measurement system must determine the volumetric air flow rate under the prevailing
conditions of air entry into the filter under test. The exponent n in the formula (p. 1) can be
determined by the least squares method from the air flow rate and pressure drops. With a
known exponent of n, pressure drops can be reduced to standard air parameters by the
formula

, (p. 3)

where indicators without an index refer to the values of test conditions, and indicators with
indexes are standard air parameters.

=1.1987 kg / m ;

=18,097 x Pa * s..
The exponent is usually determined only for a pure filter. This indicator may change
during the dust supply cycle. Since it is not desirable to measure and plot the differential
pressure versus air flow curves after each dust supply cycle, the initial value of the indicator
can be used for filter testing. The air density (kg / m ) at the measured temperature , °C,
barometric pressure , Pa, and relative humidity ,%, is calculated by the formula

, (p. 4)

where is the partial pressure of water vapor in the air, Pa, calculated by the formula:

, (p. 5)

where is the pressure of saturated water vapor in the air, Pa, at a temperature of, (°C),
calculated by the formula:

. (P. 6)

Dynamic viscosity , Pa * s, at temperature , °C, is calculated by the formula

. (P. 7)
 Appendix D
(reference)

Test report

D.1 Sample test report

EH 779: 2012-AIR FILTER
TEST RESULTS Testing Organization: Protocol N: 007-20XX
GENERAL DATA
Controller: T.
Test N: 12345 Test Date: 20XX-02-01
Master
Date of receipt
Заказчик Test Customer: World Best Filter Inc. of the filter:
26-01-20XX
Sample provided by: World Best Filter Inc.
TEST FILTER
Construction:
Compact filter
Model: WBF Leader 100 Manufacturer: World Best Filter Inc.
4 V-shaped
pockets
Overall
dimensions of
the filter
Filter Material Type:
(width x
Glass and Synthetic Fiber Effective filtration surface: 19 m height x
(WBF Mix G & F)
depth): 592
mm x 592 mm
x 592 mm
TEST CONDITIONS
Relative Control
Reference air flow: 0.944 m / Temperature: 20- humidity: aerosol:
Dust type:
s 24°CC ASHRAE
26% to 61% DENS
RESULTS
Raw/
Initial discharged
Initial dust- efficiency for Dustcapacity material
Initial pressure drop: 99 Pa removal particles with : 254 g/369 efficiency for
capacity: 98% a size of 0.4 g/461 g particles with
microns: 70% a size of 0.4
microns:
Average
efficiency for
Average
particles with
Final test pressure drop: 250 Average- Filter class
a size of 0.4 70.6%/69.6%
Pa/350 Pa/ 450 Pa dustabsorption: (450 Pa): F9
microns:
99%
93%/95%/96
%
Remarks: -

Figure D. 1-Summary of test results

Table D. 1-Efficiency and uncertainty after different dust supply cycles
YONG 779:2012 - Efficiency and uncertainty after various cycles of dust
Air filter: WBF Leader 100
Test N: 12345
test aerosol: DEHS
air Flow: gravity 0,944 m /s
particle Size, µm Efficiency, %
Differential pressure/mass supplied dust
the the
99 PA 106 PA 119 PA 148 PA 250 PA 351 370 PA 453
Range Average
0g 30 g 60 g 120 g 255 g PA g 465 g
of value of
0,20- from
0,22 73,1±1,1 82,3±1,4 93,5±1,1 98,8±0,4 98,8±0,5 99,0±0,2
0,25 59.9±1,7
0,25- 99,0±0.3
0,30 64,0±3,1 77,6±2,5 84,2±0,9 94,9±1,0 99,1±0,5 99,1±0,2
0,35 mm
0,35-
0,40 70,2±1,4 83,7±0,8 89,4±0,8 96,7±0,5 99,4±0,2 99,2±0,3 99,3±0,1
0,45
0,45-
0,52 76,5±2,1 88,7±2,0 94,0±0,8 97,9±0,4 99,5±0,3 99,4±0,1 99,4±0,2
0,60
0,60-
0,67 86,4±1,5 92,9±1,4 97,2±0,4 99,1±0,5 99,7±0,2 99,6±0,2 99,1±0,3
0,75
0,75-
0,87 90,3±1,2 96,2±0,7 98,5±0,4 99,5±0,2 99,5±0,2 99,6±0,2 99,5±0,3
1,00
1,00-
1,22 94,9±0,6 98,2±0,5 99,5±0,2 99,6±0,3 99,5±0,2 99,6±0,2 99,6±0,1
1,50
1,50-
1,73 98,7±0,3 99,3±0,3 99,6±0,2 99,7±0,2 99,7±0,1 99,6±0,2 99,5±0,3
2,00
2,00-
2,45 99,6±0,3 99,8±0,1 99,8±0,1 99,7±0,3 99,8±0,1 99,8±0,2 99,7±0,2
3,00
3,00-
3,67 99,7±0,4 99,9±0,2 99,7±0,3 99,8±0,4 99,8±0,4 99,7±0,3 99,8±0,3
4,50
note - The uncertainty of the obtained values of efficiency to 95%-mu confidence interval.
Table D.2 - Average efficiency at various final pressure drops during testing
EN 779: 2012-Average efficiency at various final pressure drops in tests
Air filter: WBF Leader 100
Test N: 12345
Control aerosol: DEHS
Air flow rate: 0.944 m /s
Particle size, µm Average efficiency, %
Range Average value Final pressure drop in tests
250 Pa 350 Pa 450 Pa
0.20-0.25 0,22 88,6±1,0 91,7±0,8 93,2±0,7
0,25-0,35 0,30 90,2±1,1 93,0±0,9 94,2±0,8
0,35-0,45 0,40 93,1±0,6 95,0±0,5 95,8±0,4
0,45-0,60 0,52 95,5±0,7 96,7±0,6 97,3±0,5
0,60-0,75 0,67 97,3±0,6 98,0±0,5 98,3±0,4
0,75-1,00 0,87 98,4±0,4 98,8±0,3 98,9±0,3
1,00-1,50 1,22 99,1±0,3 99,2±0,3 99,3±0,2
1,50-2,00 1,73 99,6±0,2 99,6±0,2 99,6±0,2
2,00-3,00 2,45 99,8±0,2 99,8±0,2 99,8±0,2
3,00,-4,50 3,67 99,8±0.4 99.8±0.4 99.8±0.3
Dust capacity 254 g 369 g 461 g
Filter class -- - F9
 Figure D.2-Efficiency after different dust supply cycles

Figure D.3-Initial and average efficiency at various final pressure drops during testing
 Table D.3-Air flow and pressure drop after different dust supply cycles
YONG 779:2012 - air Flow and pressure drop after various cycles of dust
Air filter: WBF Leader 100
Test N: 12345
test aerosol: DEHS
air Flow: gravity 0,944 m /s
filed
, the Aperture
date Mass of Filter
191,5 mm/234,8 mm
dust
, ,
, , kg/m , , , kg/m ,m ,
,g , °C °C % kPa
kPa PA /s PA , PA

Clean filter
26, 101,
2002-02-01 0 20,1 -1,570 1695 1,415 20,3 1,199 1,180 139 139
2 2
26, 101, gravity
2002-02-01 0 20,3 -1,027 1073 1,132 20,3 1,199 99 99
1 2 0,944
26, 101,
2002-02-01 0 20,2 -0,604 599 0,851 20,2 1,199 0,710 66 66
1 2
26, 101,
2002-02-01 0 20,1 -0,292 262 0,566 20,1 1,200 0,472 39 39
0 2
25, 101, of
2002-02-01 0 20,3 -0,088 64 0,282 20,4 1,199 18 18
6 2 0.236

the pressure Drop across a clean filter is proportional to , where

=1,2640
Cycle flow dust
36, 102, gravity
2002-02-01 0 23,4 -1,404 1067 1,126 24,1 1,193 99 98
5 2 0,944
38, 102,
2002-02-01 30 23,1 -1,416 1072 1,129 23,2 1,197 0,943 107 106
6 2
39, 102, gravity
2002-02-01 30 23,2 -1,416 1070 1,127 23,6 1,194 107 106
9 2 0,944
42, 102,
2002-02-01 60 23,2 -1,425 1069 1,127 23,4 1,195 0,943 120 119
5 2
42, 102,
2002-02-01 60 23,2 -1,425 1069 1,127 23,4 1,195 0,943 120 119
5 2
43, 102,
2002-02-01 120 23,3 -1,464 1073 1,128 23,5 1,194 0,945 149 148
0 1
57, 102,
2002-02-01 120 23,1 -1,448 1069 1,125 23,5 1,192 0,945 149 148
3 1
59, 102,
2002-02-01 255 23,2 -1,561 1069 1,124 23,3 1,192 0,943 251 250
2 1
2002-02-01 255 23,7 -1,572 1072 1,125 24,0 57, 102, 1,190 0,945 249 248
 8 1
60, 102, gravity
2002-02-01 370 23,5 -1,664 1071 1,124 23,6 1,191 353 351
5 1 0,944
58, 102,
2002-02-01 370 23,8 -1,671 1071 1,124 24,3 1,188 0,946 349 347
2 1
61, 102, gravity
2002-02-01 465 23,6 -1,123 1071 1,123 23,8 1,189 455 453
0 0 0,944
Designations and units of measurement
- the total mass of dust lodged in the filter, g;
absolute air pressure before the filter, kPa
static pressure meter, kPa;
mass flow rate of air, kg/s;
the flow of air through the filter, m /s;
air temperature to the filter, °C;
- temperature meter, °C;
- the density of the air to the filter, kg/m ;
- relative humidity of air to the filter, %;
- the measured differential pressure across the filter, PA;
a differential pressure flowmeter, PA;
pressure differential across the filter with the air density of 1.20 kg/m , PA.
Table D. 4. - Pressure drop and dust retention capacity after different dust supply cycles
YONG 779:2012 - Differential pressure and peleadisima ability after different cycles of
dust
Air filter: WBF Leader 100
Test N: 12345
test aerosol: DEHS
air Flow: gravity 0,944 m /s
date , PA ,g ,g , PA ,g ,g ,g ,g ,%
2002-02-01 98 30 30 106 2291,8 2292,0 0,2 0,0 99,3
2002-02-01 106 30 60 119 2292,0 2292,3 0,3 0,0 99,0
2002-02-01 119 60 120 148 2292,4 2292,5 0,1 0,0 99,8
2002-02-01 148 135 255 250 2293,2 2293,6 0,4 0,0 99,7
2002-02-01 248 115 370 351 2293,6 2294,1 0,5 0,0 99,6
2002-02-01 347 95 465 453 2294,0 2294,2 0,2 0,0 99,8
Mass of the test filter
, the Initial mass of the test-filter: 5113,4 g
Final mass of the test filter: 5581,7 g
Designations and units of measurement
- peleadisima ability %;
- dust in the pipe after the filter, g;
total mass submitted to the dust filter, g;
the mass of the final filter before the dust increments, g;
- mass finishing dust filter after the increment, g;
- dust increment, g;
the weight gain of a final filter, g;
pressure differential before the dust increment, PA;
pressure differential after the dust increment, PA.
Table D. 5. - Efficiency and pressure drop of untreated filter media

EN 779: 2012-Efficiency and pressure drop of untreated filter material

Air filter: WBF - 100
Test N: 12345
Control aerosol: DEHS
Air flow rate: 45 m / h
Air velocity in the filter material: 0.05 m / s
Filter material sample size: 0.25 m
Particle size, microns Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4
Efficiency, %
Range Average Differential pressure
100 Pa 98 Pa 102 Pa 100 Pa
0,20-0,25 0,22 59,9±1,5 60,0±1,8 60,2±1,6 60,0
0,25-0,35 0,30 63,5±2,8 63,0±2,7 63,5±2,5 63,3
0,35-0,45 0,40 70,5±1,6 70,3±1,8 71,0±1,6 70,6
0,45-0,60 0,52 76,2±1,8 75,9±2,0 76,5±1,9 76,2
0,60-0,75 0,67 86,0±1,9 85,2±1,7 86,3±1,8 85,8
0,75-1,00 0,87 90,5±1,0 90,4±0,8 91,0±1,0 90,6
1,00-1,50 1,22 94,7±0,5 94,1±0,5 95,0±0,6 94,6
1,50-2,00 1,73 99,0±0,3 98,8±0,2 99,2±0,2 99,0
2,00-3,00 2,45 99,8±0,3 99,8±0,2 99,9±0,3 99,8
Note: The uncertainty of the obtained efficiency values correspondsto the 95% confidence
interval.
Table D.6-Efficiency and pressure drop of the discharged filter material

EN 779: 2012-Efficiency and differential pressure of the discharged filter material

Air filter: WBF Leader 100
Test N: 12345
Control aerosol: DEHS
Air flow: 45 m / h
Air velocity in the filter material: 0.05 m / s
Filter material sample size: 0.25 m
Particle size, microns Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Average value
Efficiency, %
Range Average value Differential pressure
103 Pa 105 Pa 104 Pa 104 Pa
0,20-0,25 0,22 58,5±1,6 61,0±1,5 59,0±1,8 59,5
0,25-0,35 0,30 62,5±2,5 62,0±2,8 62,0±2,7 62,2
0,35-0,45 0,40 69,3±1,6 69,3±1,6 70,1±1,8 69,6
0,45-0,60 0,52 76,0±1,9 74,0±1,8 76,0±2,0 75,3
0,60-0,75 0,67 85,5±1,8 85,0±1,9 85,4±1,7 85,3
0,75-1,00 0,87 90,5±1,0 90,2±1,0 89,5±0,8 90,1
1,00-1,50 1,22 94,5±0,6 94,0±0,5 94,0±0,5 94,2
1,50-2,00 1,73 99,0±0,2 98,5±0,3 98,5±0,2 98,7
2,00-3,00 2,45 99,7±0,3 99,6±0,3 98,5±0,2 99,3
Note: The uncertainty of the obtained efficiency values correspondsto the 95% confidence
interval.
D.2 Examples of calculations

The values and designations of the values are given in Table D. 5.

Table D. 7-Dust capacity and average dust retention capacity

Designation Value
Differential pressure, Pa
99 106 119 148 250 351 453
Dust load, g
0 30 60 120 355 370 465
Dust passed through the device, g
- 0,2 0,5 0,6 1,0 1,5 1,7
Average dust holding capacity, %
-99.3 99,3 99.2 99.5 99.7 99.6 99.6
Dustcapacity, g
- 30 60 119 354 369 463

Average dust holding capacity at 453 Pa

Dust capacity at 453 Pa

, (D.1)

Interpolation of dust capacity at 450 Pa

Average dust retention capacity at 450 Pa

The calculated values at a pressure drop of 453 Pa are close to the value at 450 Pa and can be
assumed to be equal to the values at 450 Pa:

.
Table D. 8-Efficiency calculation for particles with a size of 0.4 microns

The designation of the Value of

the pressure Drop, PA
99 106 119 148 250 351 453
Dust load, g
0 30 60 120 355 370 465
the Number of particles in the air to the filter
1412 1602 1936 1233 1476 1620 1754
1317 1581 1900 1125 1437 1568 1793
1414 1651 1862 1094 1412 1546 1734
1394 1612 1865 1101 1404 1646 1811
1389 1588 1921 1050 1408 1565 1698
1362 1532 1785 1079 1415 1599 1674
1360 1491 1801 1080 1377 1597 1770
the Number of particles in the air after the filter
428 268 185 43 10 10 16
417 266 213 41 12 10 9
415 257 184 34 10 8 12
388 254 202 41 5 19 11
423 240 195 32 10 18 11
388 264 209 25 7 14 11
Unit efficiency, %
68,63 at 83.16 90,35 of 96.35 of 99.31 99,37 99,10
69,46 83,54 88,68 96,30 of 99.16 99,36 99.49 in
70,44 84,25 90,13 of 96.90 99,29 a 99.50 of 99.32
72.12 per 84,13 89,33 96,19 99,64 98,82 99,37
of 69.25 84,62 89,48 96,99 99,29 98,86 the 99.35
71,49 82,53 88,34 97,68 a 99.50 99,12 99,36
Efficiency, %
70,23 83,70 89,38 96,74 99,37 99,17 99,33
Uncertainty of efficiency, %
1,36 0,77 0,79 0,57 0,17 0,29 0,13
6 6 6 6 6 6 6
5 5 5 5 5 5 5
1,049 1,049 1,049 1,049 1,049 1,049 1,049
 1,43 0,81 0,82 0,60 0,18 0,30 0,14
Average efficiency, %
- - - - 93,07 of 95.00 95,86
the Uncertainty of the average efficiency, %
- - - - 0,60 0,49 0,43

Efficiency at 453 Pa

The first unit efficiency at 453 Pa is calculated by the formula

Efficiency at 453 Pa

The average value of six unit efficiencies at 453 Pa is calculated by the formula

%.

Efficiency uncertainty at 453 Pa

Average efficiency at 465 g and 453 Pa of dust applied

Average efficiency interpolation at 450 Pa

Uncertainty of average efficiency at 453 Pa

Uncertainty of average efficiency at 450 Pa

The value calculated for 453 Pa that is closest to the value for 450 Pa can be used.
 =±0,43%.

D.3 Final results at 450 Pa

Average efficiency for particles with a size of 0.4 microns (95.8±0.4)

Filter class F9
Average dust retention >99% (99.6%)
Dust capacity =461 g
Appendix YES
(reference)

Information on compliance of international reference standards with national standards of the

Russian Federation

Table YES. 1

Designation of the
reference Degree of Designation and designation of the corresponding national
international conformity standard
standard
GOST 8.586.1-2005 " State system for ensuring the
uniformity of measurements. Measuring the flow rate and
EN ISO 5167-1:
MOD quantity of liquids and gases using standard narrowing
2003
devices. Part 1. Measurement method principle and general
requirements "
GOST R 50779.21-2004" Statistical methods. Rules for
ISO 2854: 1976 NEQ determining and calculating statistical characteristics based
on sample data. Part 1. Normal distribution "
ISO 12103-1: 1997 *
* There is no corresponding national standard. Prior to its approval, it is recommended to use
the Russian translation of this international standard. The translation of this international
standard is available in the Federal Information Fund for Technical Regulations and
Standards

Note-The following symbols for the degree of compliance with standards are used in this
table:

- MOD - modified standard,

- NEQ - non-equivalent standard.

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Keywords: filters, air purification, efficiency, air consumption, technical characteristics

Electronic text of the document

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, 2014