B Y VINAYAK CHAUBEY
SECTION:H
ROLL NO:1 1
STREAM: CSE(AI ML)
REGISTRATION NO: 1 09242500081 93
UNIVERSITY ROLL NO:1 0901 6241 38
What are Matrices?
Mathematical Structures Representing Data
Matrices are rectangular arrays of numbers or variables In machine learning, matrices are used to represent data
arranged in rows and columns. They are a fundamental efficiently, such as images, text, and numerical datasets.
mathematical tool used in a wide range of disciplines, Each row of a matrix can represent a data point, and each
including machine learning. column a feature.
Applications of Matrices in ML
Data Representation Linear Regression
Matrices are used to store and Matrices are fundamental for
manipulate data in a structured solving linear regression
manner, enabling efficient problems, where they represent
processing and analysis of large the relationship between
datasets. independent variables and
dependent variables.
Neural Networks
Matrix operations form the core of neural networks, enabling the
calculation of weighted sums and activations at each neuron.
Matrix Multiplication and its
Role
Combining Information
Matrix multiplication allows us to combine and transform data
represented by matrices.
Weight Updates
In neural networks, matrix multiplication is used to update the
weights of connections between neurons during training.
Transformations
Matrix multiplication can be used to rotate, scale, and translate
data, enabling efficient transformations in machine learning
applications.
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors in ML
Data Insights
Eigenvalues and eigenvectors provide valuable insights into the underlying
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structure of data.
Dimensionality Reduction
2 PCA, a technique for dimensionality reduction, leverages
eigenvalues and eigenvectors to identify key dimensions in data.
Understanding Relationships
3 Eigenvalues and eigenvectors help understand how
matrices transform data, highlighting directions of
greatest variance.
Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
Dimensionality Reduction
1 PCA is a powerful technique used to reduce the dimensionality of data while preserving essential
information.
Data Visualization
2 PCA helps visualize high-dimensional data in lower-dimensional spaces,
making it easier to understand patterns and relationships.
Feature Engineering
PCA can be used to create new features by identifying
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important directions in the data, improving model
performance.
Regularization Techniques using Matrices
L1 L2
L1 Regularization L2 Regularization
L1 regularization adds a penalty proportional to the sum of L2 regularization penalizes the sum of squared
absolute values of the coefficients, promoting sparsity. coefficients, preventing overfitting by shrinking the
coefficients.
Challenges and Limitations
Missing Data
Dealing with missing data can be challenging when working with matrices.
Noise and Outliers
Noise and outliers can significantly impact matrix operations, leading to
inaccurate results.
Computational Complexity
Matrix operations can be computationally expensive, especially for large datasets.
Conclusion and Future
Trends
Matrices play a pivotal role in machine learning, providing a powerful
framework for data representation, processing, and analysis. As
machine learning continues to evolve, matrices will remain a core
tool, driving advancements in areas like deep learning, natural
language processing, and computer vision. This presentation has
only scratched the surface of this exciting area.
