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Project Title: Plastic Cement Block Using Polyethylene Waste
Experiment Findings · January 2020
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.33099.34087
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Subash Gupta Sandesh Karki
Tennessee State University Tribhuvan University
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Project Title: Plastic Cement Block Using Polyethylene Waste
Submitted to:
Vector- Direct Your Vision , WRC
Submitted by:
Shisir Acharya(Pas074bce122)
Sudip Aryal(pas074bce131)
Sandeep Bist(Pas074bce102)
Santosh Adhikari(Pas074bce110)
Sunil Yadav(Pas074bce136)
Sagar Acharya(Pas074bce99)
1
Table of contents
1) Abstract
2) Project Background
3) Objectives
4) Methodology
5) Project Schedule
6) Proposed Budget
7) Conclusion
8) References
9) Appendices
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1) Abstract
As we know that plastic excessive usage has created many problems. Despite creation
of alternative ideas for plastics, it is used vigorously. From this we know that plastics
cannot be totally banned. We have to create alternative methods to minimize the
effects of plastics on our environment. This project is based on the concept the idea
to make the utilization of plastics in construction of houses. Buildings are constructed
in large number. So we have proposed a project to utilize the plastics in cement to
make plastics cement paste which has better qualities than existing cement. It
increases the strength of cement and other qualities.
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2) Project Background
Disposal of plastic waste in environment is considered to be a big problem due to its very
low biodegradability and presence in large quantities. Plastic waste is increasing
continuously, especially in the form of throw away packaging such as drinking water bottles,
designed to be convenient, inexpensive, and accessible. Plastic disposal, however, is difficult
and has a lower recyclability rate than other types of materials such as glass and paper. Non-
load-bearing concrete blocks for safe and efficient use can be manufactured using plastic
flakes as an alternative material aggregate. Therefore, finding alternative methods of
disposing waste by using friendly methods are becoming a major research issue. Dumping of
plastic waste in environment is considered to be a giant issue due to its very low
biodegradability and existence in huge quantities. Present time use of such, industrial and
urban wastes from polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were considered
as substitute replacements of part of the conventional aggregates of concrete. The largest
component of the plastic waste is polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and
polystyrene. The reuse of wastes is important from different point of view. It helps to save
and sustain natural resources that are not replenished, Besides, using of plastic waste material
in concrete mix will not only be its safe disposal and dumping technique but may get
improved the concrete properties like tensile strength, chemical resistance, drying shrinkage
and creep on short and long term basis. Today sustainability has got top priority in
construction industry. Recently plastics were used to prepare the coarse aggregates thereby
providing a sustainable option to deal with the plastic waste. Therefore, recycling of plastic
waste is an important topic in order to decrease environmental pollution and prevent waste
of resources. Polyethylene is a semi-crystalline material with tremendous chemical
resistance, good corrosion resistance, and good fatigue and wear resistance. It provides good
resistance to organic solvents and strength with low moisture absorption
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3) Objectives
The major objectives of the plastic cement blocks are:
• In building construction
• In pavement of roads
• These blocks are easy to install, durable, reasonably priced and available in varities of
textures and colours so can be used for decorative purposes
• Implementation of dam wall by plastic concrete to control water seepage under soil
dams structure
• As a business model
• It makes permanent utilization of plastics
• The blocks made is environment friendly and cheaper
• Increases Ductility of blocks
• Improves workability of blocks
• Decoration purposes
• The utility can further be increased by producing reinforced concrete block
• A plastic concrete block is a perfect solution to control erosion
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4) Methodology
Project is focussed on utilization of polyethylene plastic wastes. This is a model which shows
that plastic wastes can be utilized wisely. The model can be designed in different blocks and
cubic shapes as per the user need. First of all, plastic wastes are collected and these are
grinded into fine particles. Grinded particles are sieved to separate finer and coarser particles.
Then fine particles are mixed in right proportion with Portland cement. Sand is mixed in right
proportion. Then 25% water is added to the mixture. Then the mixture is placed on mould.
Samples are then left in mould for dried , then put in water for 3-4 days for solidifying and
curing to increase their cohesion. After that, samples left from water to dry and test their
properties. The next step was putting the samples again in water for 7 days and 28 days to
study their strength properties. Then compressive strength test of blocks is done. The size of
block to be made is 7x16x6 cu.inch.
5) Project Schedule
Week Work expected
1st Collection of plastics and grinding
2nd Mixing of grinded plastics and sand with
cement
3rd Mixing of plasticizers with cement
4th Compressive strength of block is determined
6) Budget Estimation
Materials Price
Cement (1 Bag) 750
Sand 1000
Plastic waste
Casting mould -------
Sheet Metal 500
Grinder -------
Miscellaneous 500
Total 3000
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7) Conclusion
It is possible to produce plastic cement from waste of polyethylene materials that generated
from human activities like food packages or crates. Solid-state recycling process becomes an
effective and powerful methodology to realize the green state forming from recyclable wastes
to useful parts. It is eco-friendly and cost effective. It is light weighed having low density as
compared with normally available cement blocks. Blocks are suited for cheaper construction
purposes. Mechanical strength and workability of block is improved. These blocks can be
used as retaining wall structures. After this product is developed, it can be used as business
model. It utilizes the available plastic wastes. After reading various research papers it is found
out that in the final output has reduced moisture content and after dealing with various test
results will be noted. To increase the quality of products will be noted to to determine the
right proportion quantity to be added.
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8) References
1) Reuses of plastic wastes in Paver Blockas- IJERT
2) Recycling of polythene wastes to produce Plastic Cement by AK Jassim
3) www.academia.edu/plasticwastes
4) Ecobricks: Building with waste (www.altaccom.com)
5) Plastic Waste Management- Swachh Bhaarat Programme
6) Paschimanchal Campus Library, Pokhara
7) Other websites and research papers
