ON THE JOB TRAINING AT D.K INDUSTRIES N.C.

THINNER
A project report submitted Madurai Kamaraj University

In report Fulfilment of the requirement of the award f the Degree

BACHELOR OF COMMERCE WITH COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

BY

S. GURUSIVA (C2C25963)

V. MARIKANI (C2C25969)

DR. (MRS) K. NAGAJOTHI., M.COM. M.Phil., Ph.D., B.ED.,

Assistant professor

Department of Commerce with Computer Applications

UNDER GRADUATE DEPATEMENT OF COMMERCE WITH COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

SRI VIDHYA COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE

(Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University)

VIRUDHUNAGAR-626005

MARCH-2025
Mr. P. MUTHUPANDI., M.Com (CA), M.phil, CGT,

Head of the Department,

Department of Commerce with Computer Applications,

Sri Vidhya College of Arts &Science,

Virudhunagar.

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled “ON THE JOB TRAINING AT
D.K INDUSTRIES N.C.THINNER “ is submitted GURUSIVA .S
(C2C25963) MARIKANI .V (C2C25969) in partial fulfilment of the
requirement to the award of the Degree of Bachelor of commerce with computer
applications Madurai Kamaraj University as a record of bonafide work done by
under the knowledge, supervisor and guidance of Mr. P. MUTHUPANDI.,
M.Com (CA), M.PHIL, CGT., Head of the Department, Department of
Commerce with Computer Applications, Sri vidhya college of arts & science
Virudhunagar.
I further, certified that to the best of my knowledge the work reported
here in does not from part of any project report on the basic of which a Degree or
award were concerned on an earlier occasion on this or any other CA

Signature of the head of the department

Dr. (Mrs) K. NAGA JOTHI., M.Com. M.phil., Ph.D., B.ED.,

Assistant Professor,

Department of Commerce,

Sri Vidhya College of Arts & Science,

Virudhunagar.

CERTIFICATE

“ON THE JOB TRAINING AT D.K INDUSTRIES N.C.THINNER” is a

bonafide work done by GURUSIVA. S (C2C25963) MARIKANI.V (C2C25969)
a student of B.com(CA) doing course in Sri Vidhya College of Arts & science,
Virudhunagar during 2024-2025 submitted a practical fulfilment of requirement for
award of the degree of Bachelor of Commerce with Computer Applications, a
Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University and the dissertation has not previously
taken from the basic for the requirement award of any degree, Diploma, Associate
ship, fellowship or other similar title

Signature of the Guide

UNDER GRADUATE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE WITH COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

SRI VIDHYA COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE

(Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University)
VIRUDHUNAGAR

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled” ON THE JOB TRAINING AT
D.K INDUDTRIES” is submitted by GURUSIVA. S (C2C25963)
MARIKANI.V (C2C25969) in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award
of the Degree of Bachelor of Commerce with Computer Applications, Affiliated to
Madurai Kamaraj University as a record of bonafide work done by her in the
Academic year 2024-2025

GUIDE HOD VICE PRINCIPAL PRINICIPAL

The project viva voce held on--------------------------

INTENRNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

UNDER GRADUATE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE WITH COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

SRI VIDHYA COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE

(Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University)

VIRUDHUNAGAR

DECLARATION

We hereby declare that this project entitled as on “ON THE JOB TRAINING AT
D.K INDUSTRIES” is done by us. I further declare that no part of the reports is plagiarized
from other sources. All information included from other sources. All information from other
sources has been duly acknowledged. We agree that any part of the report is found to be
plagiarized; we shall take full responsibility for it.

DATE: SIGNATURE OF CANDIDATE

S. GURUSIVA (C2C25963)

V. MARIKANI (C2C25969)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 First of all. I praise and thank god almighty for the immunized
blessing he has bestowed upon the during this project work and throughout my
entire carrier. For him be honour and glory forever.

I take this responsibility distinguished opportunity to express my

sincere word of gratitude and thanks to my correspondent Er. Mr. R.
THIRUVENKADA RAMANUJA DOSS., and principal Dr. M. GANESAN.,
M.sc., M.Phil., PhD., Sri Vidhya College of Arts & Science, Virudhunagar, for
extending constant throughout the project.

I am by solemnly submit my honest and humble thanks to my head of

the department Mr. P. MUTHUPANDI., M.Com (CA), M.Phil, CGT, providing
me a platform to carry out my project.

I own sincerely thanks to my guide Dr. (Mrs) K. NAGA JOTHI.,

M.Com., M.phil., PH.D., B.ED., for there unstrained attention at all stages and for
her valuable guidance and constructive suggestion to make his project a successful
one.

Last but not the lease; I would link thanks my parents for the all
support rendered by them without them nothing would have been possible it is
great sense to thanks to my friends, who helped me in completing project.

CONTENT
 CHAPTER TITLE OF THE PAGE
NO CONTENT NO

Design of the Training

1.1 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER-I 1.2 DEFINITION 1-5
1.3 IMPORTANCE
1.4 TYPES OF TRAINING
1.5 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.6 PERIOD OF TRAINING
1.7 NEED OF TRAINING
Organizational profile
CHAPTER-II 2.1 INTRODUCTION 6-10
2.2 DEFINITION
2.3 IMPORTANCE

Design of the Training

3.1 INTRDUCTION
3.2 PURCHASE DEPARTMENT 11-33
CHAPTER-III 3.3 PRODUCTION ANALYSIS
3.4 STOCK ANALYSIS
3.5 MARKETING DEPARTMENT
3.6 FINANCIAL DEPARTMENT
3.7 SALES DEPARTMENT
3.8 FILLING & CAPPING MACHINE

Pricing Structure
4.1 SEMI AUTOMATIC TWO HEAD SOLVENT FILLING
CHAPTER-IV 4.2 SINGLE HEAD ROPP CAPPING MACHINE 34-41
4.3 PADMA SHRI PAINTING TOOL AND ROLLES

Analysis
CHAPTER-V 5.1 INTRODUCTION 42-44
5.2 FINDING

CHAPTER-VI Conclusion 45-46

6.1 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER-I
CHAPTER-I

DESIGN OF THE TRAINING

 INTRODUCTON
 DEFINTION
 IMPORTANCE
 TYPES OF TRAINING
 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
 PERIOD OF TRAINING
 NEED OF TRAINING
 SCHEMEOF THE REPORT

DESIGN OF THE TRAINING

1.1 INTRODUCTION
 On-the-job training Also known as OJT is a form of training that talking place in a
normal Working situation. Normal working situations is means that the trainee is on actual
working position environment

As a student on-the-job training is part of the college curriculum that targets to

teach or train and introduce the students about the work and their future career. OJT is very
important to the students because it will show them the reality about working condition and
there are so many things that would be added to their learning.

When a student is undergoing an internship or OJT, there would be a change that

the trainee may absorb or offered a job after graduation. To the fresh graduate student, OJT
Is also important when applying a job. Some company or employers often asked about thru
trainee’s experience during his or her training and its relationship about the job he or she is
applying for. The experience that a trainee has can give a great job.

Especially in accounting related jobs, most companies or employers often required

and asked an on-the-job training experienced from his or her training. It is an advantage to
work with the company or employer when a trainee has experience from any accounting
related filed. The previous superior from a company that the trainee had trained may
recommend him or her skills to the company affiliates or to other company that he or she
knows.

OJT or internship is the best training ground for the student because it gives an
idea on what to be real worker or it gives the idea of career realities that he or she had
chosen. The student trainee’s OJT adviser or employer might include as character
reference, the company that he or she is currently applying may contact them about his or
her skills and knowledge as their student or intern the company that currently employing
for. The company may also ask information and make a background check to them. OJT
experience could be considered as a guide an first days at work especially if they intern’s
or trainee’s OJT and recent work are related. His or her experience and observation as a
student trainee can be used to current job for some issues on adjustments.

OJT should not be taken for granted because it is important. It will bring the trainee
on their future career. Nowadays, the competition is tight towards job-seekers and high
qualification is required by the companies that’s why student trainees should have good
performance during their OJT.

1.2 DEFINITION
 On- the job training (OJT) means training in the public or private sector that is given
to a paid employers while he or she is engaged in productive and that provides knowledge
and skills essential to the full and adequate performance on the job. OJT programs must be
supervised by an employer, work site sponsor, or other responsible partly, daily. Upon
satisfactory completion of the training, the employer is expected to retain participations as
regular employees without receiving a subsidy

1.2 IMPORTANCE
 Training is the process of increasing the knowledge and skills for doing particular job. It
is an organizational procedure by which people learn knowledge and skills for definite
purpose.
 A short term job training program cloud is just the ticket for you to gain access to a
rewarding career filed. There are a surprising number of fields that you can enter without
completing long degree programs.
 Some training programs are as short as a few weeks; others can take longer. However, all
of them will provide what you need to get started on the path to a new career quickly. If
you’re stuck in a job that don’t like or the just tired of doing the same old thing every
day, consider what else you cloud be doing instead.
 Many jobs in education and training are about using your communication skills and
knowledge to help to help people to develop and learn. So whether you like working with
and skills to help other
 Training is intended to provide carrier opportunities to the people and to meet the
growing personal of the industry. The purpose of training is basically to bridge the gap
between job requirements and present competence of any employers training is aimed at
improving the behaviours.
1.3 TYPES OF TAINING
Training methods can be broadly classified as follows
 On the job training methods
 Off the job training methods

1.4.1 ON THE JOB TRAINING

 It also known as internal training. This method is emphasized on learning
while an individual is actually engaged in work.
 Orientation or induction training
 Job rotation
 Vestibules training
 Introduction of latest techniques
 Development of human relation
1.4.2 OFF THE JOB TRAINING
It also known as external training. In this type of training a trainee leaves his
working place and devote to his entire time for training purpose.
 Special course and lectures
 Conference
 Case study
 Brain storming
 Sensitivity training

1.5 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

 To get first head basic knowledge about the functioning of the business
organisation.
 To become familiar with the factory environment.
 To understand the need for effective management through keen
observation.
 To make a qualitative comparison between theory and practice.
 To cleanly observe the performance of the worker and executions.

1.6 PERIOD OF TRAINING

I did my on the job training at D.K INDUSTRIES N.C THINNER Virudhunagar

district in Tamilnadu. I have undergone training from 02.01.2025 to 08.01.2025.during the
period I gained lots of information about purchase, production, finance, human resource
and sales department from there.

1.7 NEED OF THE TRAINING

The training program is designed with view to enable the students to have an
exposure and working experience in the practical field Madurai Kama Raj University
incorporated on the job training as a component of commerce with computer applications
degree course for a period of 1 week. It helps confidence of the student.
CHAPTER-II
CHAPTER-II

ORGANIZATION PROFILE

2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.2 ABOUT THE INDUSTRIES

2.3 COMPANY PROFILE

INTRODUCTION
Industries are the only company manufacturing N.C.THINNER by true
solvents. Most of them are uses distilled solvent to procedure N.C.THINNER is nitro cellulose
thinner mainly used for solvent based nitro product. The NC thinner is a blend of colour less low
order mineral spirits used for thinning oil base points. There are three type of thinner like-

1. Slow evaporating
2. Medium evaporating
3. High evaporating

N.C.THINNER has an average evaporating. N.C.THINNER has an average

evaporation rate suggested for all nitro products when application made in normal condition of
temperature and humidity. N.C.THINNER to the quickly reduces of the consistency of the
lacquer to the required degree. It improves film smoothness of lacquer dries when applied either
by spray or dipping thus extending excellent finish lacquer dries without blushing, resin blush,
pin holding and other surface defects. No orange peel developed after the evaporation of
N.C.THINNER and therefore increases the tensile strength of the firm along with its gloss NC
thinner and manufactured through the continuous blending of the different chemicals.

N.C.THINNER increase the tensile strength of the firm along with its gloss

ABOUT THE INDUSTRY

Kind Attention MR. Deepak Sekaran

Dear Sir,

We would like to thank you for your interest as well as your valuable inquiry in
SHREE BHAGWATI GROUP.

Ours is an ISO 9001-2008 and CE certificate as well as duns & Brad sheet certified
company. We are renowned company in bottle packing solutions for different industries
like pharmacy, cosmetic, oil, distillery, toiletry, food etc. we offer a wide range of product like
liquid filling line, viscous filling line, powder filling line, tablet & capsule filling line as well as
processing machinery of all section like oral, granule tablet etc.
With reference to your discussion held with MR. Nilesh pawar; we are pleased to sent herewith
budgetary quotation of your requirement of SHREE BHAGWATI MAKES SEMI
AUTOMAIC TWO HEAD SOLVENT FILLING AND SINGLE HEAD ROPP CAPPING
MACHINE. we hope you will find the offer in line of your requirement

Please visit our website for our client list;

http:// www.bhagwatipharma.co.in/client-list.html

If you need any further techno commercial clarifications please feel free to contact us.

With best regards,

ARJUN RAO,

Mobile no: +91 9898070475

Email Id: [email protected]

2.3 COMPANY PROFILE

2.3.1 PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION

CHAPTER-III
CHAPTER-III

FUNCTIONAL AREAS

3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 PURCHASE DEPARTMENT
3.3 PRODUCTION ANALYSIS
3.4 STOCK ANALYSIS
3.5 MARKETING DEPARTMENT
3.6 FINANCIAL DEPARTMENT
3.7 SALES DEPARTMENT
FUCTIONAL AREAS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
Just a different functions in the human body performed and regulated by different organs,
different functions within a business are performed and controlled by different parts of the
business. One of the reason for separating business operations into functional areas is to allow
each to operate within its area of expertise thus building efficiency and effectiveness across the
business as a whole. The key functional areas of a business are they following.
3.2 PURCHASE DEPARTMENT
 Purchasing manager/ directors, and procurement manager/ directors guide the
organization’s acquisition procedures and standards. Most organizations use a three-way
check as the foundation of their purchasing programs. The involves three department in
the organization completing separate parts of the acquisition process. The three
department do not all the reports to the same senior manager, to prevent unethical
practise and lend credibility to the process. These departments can be purchasing,
receiving and accounts payable; or a plant manager, purchasing and accounts payable.
Combinations can vary significantly, but a purchasing department and account payable
are usually two of the three departments involved
.
 When the receiving department is not involved, it is typically called a two-way check or
two-way purchasing order. In this situations, the purchasing department issue purchase
order receipt not required. When an invoice arrives against the order, the accounts
payable department will then go directly to the requestor of the purchase order to verify
that the goods or services were received. This typically what is done for goods and
services that will bypass the receiving department. A few examples are software
delivered electronically, NRE work (non- reoccurring engineering services), consulting
hours, etc.

 Historically, the purchasing department issued purchase for supplies, services,

equipment, and raw materials. Then, in an effort to decrease the administrative costs
associated with the repetitive ordering of basic consumable items, “blanket or “master”
agreements typically have a longer duration and increased scope to maximize the
quantities of scale concept. When additional supplies were required, a simple release
would be issued to the supplier to provide the goods or services.
 Another method of decreasing administrative costs associated with respective contracts
for common material, is the use of company credit card, also known as “purchasing
cards” or simply “p-cards”. P-card programs vary, but all of them have internal checks
and audits to ensure appropriate use. Purchasing managers realized once contracts for the
low dollar value consumable are in place, procurement can take a smaller role in the
operation and use of the contracts. There is still oversight in the forms of audit and
monthly statements reviews, but most of their time is now available to negotiate major
purchase and setting up of other long terms contracts. Theses contract are typically
renewable annually.
 Goods bought for the purpose other than direct selling, such as for research and
development, are added to inventory and allocated to research and development expense
as they are used. On a side note, equipment bought for research and development are not
added to inventory, but are capitalized as assets
 3.3 PRODUCTION ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
In the ordinary languages, in term “production” means rising of cops or making of a physical
goods in factories. For examples, if you makes ice cream, you will say that you have produced
ice cream (goods). But from the point of view of economics, you have not produced any new
thing in the from of milk, sugar, cream, etc, And thus have created the utility. Marshall is right to
say, “Man does not produce physical (material) goods; but when it is said that he produces
material goods, in fact, he only creates the utility. Even the scientists also agree that “ Matter can
neither be created nor destroyed”. Thus in economics, the word “ production” is used to imply
creation increasing the utility of a goods so that its value is inceraed.

3.3.1 PRODUCTION FLOWCHART

 3.3.2DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CONSUMPTION AND
PRODUCTION

 Generally, production and consumption are considered to be altogether contrary

and different activities.
 Consumption is the use of utility production is creation of utility. In fact, their
difference is not so fundamental. Both these are two different aspects of the same
activity. For examples, when a carpenter makes a chair, he performs an act of
production by increasing the utility of log of wood. But at the same time, he has
also consumed the log of wood by using its utility.
 Thus, two aspects of the same activity are production and consumption. According
to professor. Mehta ., “ when the utility of a goods is used for the direct
satisfaction of want, it is called consumption, and its use for the indirect
satisfactions of want is called production”

3.3.2 FACTORS OF PRODUCTION

Factors of production are the source people use to produce goods and service;
they are the building blocks of the economists divide the factors of production into four
categories; land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship.

1. Land: Land is that factors of production which is freely available from nature. In
it, not only on the surface of soil is included, but also all other free gifts of the
nature below the surface are included; for example, forest, minerals, fertility of
soil, water, etc. According to Marshall. “ land means the material and the forces
which nature gives freely for man’s aid, in land and water, in air. Light and heat”.
Land is also called a nature resource.
2. Labour: labour is a human factor of production. In it all those mental and
physical activities of man are included which are performed in order to earn
money. The services of a carpenter, black-smith, waiver, teacher, lawyer and
doctor, etc, are called labour.
3.Capital: Capital is that man-made factor of production which is used for more
production. Factors like machine, tools, raw minerals, buildings, railway,
factories, capital.

2.4 Stock Analysis

Introduction
Stock analysis is the evaluation of a particular trading instrument, an
investment sector, or the market as a whole. Stock analysis attempt to
determine the future activity of an instrument, sector. Or market. Stock
analysis is a method for investors and traders to make buying and selling
decisions. By studying and evaluating past and current data, investor and
traders attempt to gain an edge in the markets by making informed
decisions.

 Types of Stock Analysis

Stock analysis can be grouped into two broad categories:
3.4.2 Fundamental analysis

the fundamental stock analysis method involves the evaluation of a business at

a basic financial level. Investor are fundamental analysis to determine whether
the current price of a company’s stock reflects the future value of the
company.

Fundamental analysis uses different factors such as the current economic

environment and finances of the company to estimate its stock value.
Different key ratios are also used to determine the financial health and
understand the true value of company stock.

Earnings per share (EPS) - The EPS is useful when companies operating in
the same industry need to be compared. A company’s EPS indicates its
profitability; hence, traders consider an increasing EPS a good sign. The
higher the value of EPS, the more of the company shares are worth buying.

Price to earnings ratio (P/E) - the P/E ratios indicates how much investors are
willing to pay for the earnings of a company. A higher P/E value could mean
an overvalued stock. Or, it could imply that the market is expecting the
company to perform extremely well over time. On the other hand, a low P/E
value is seen as unfavourable by the market.

Price to earnings to growth ratio (PEG) – the PEG ratio helps to determine the
value of a company’s stock while considering the earnings growth of the
company. The PEG ratio, along with the P/E ratio, can help obtain a clearer
picture of company’s stock then the P/E value alone.

Price to book ratio (P/B) – the P/B ratio is used to compare the market value
of a company with its book value. It seeks the value that the stock market
places on a company’s stock relative to the book value of the company. A
company with sound financial health will trade for more than its book value
since investors will consider the company’s future growth while pricing the
stocks.
 Return on equity (ROE) - it measures how effectively a company uses the
assets for producing earnings. A higher implies that a company squeezes out
greater profits with available assets. Hence, with all other things equal, it will
be better to invest in high ROE companies in the long run.

Dividend payout ratio – it measures the percentage of the company’s earnings

paid to shareholders or owners. The earnings of the company’s. Which are not
passed on to the shareholders, are used to pay off debts. Reinvest in business
operations, or are retained for future use.

3.4.3 Technical Analysis

 The technical analysis method involves examining data generated through market
activities, such as volume and prices. Analysis following such a type of stock analysis use
technical indicators and tools like charts and oscillators to identify pattern that can
indicate future price trends or direction.

 Technical analysts examine the historical trading data of a security and estimate the
future move of the security. It is frequently used for commodities. The technical analysis
is based on the following assumptions:

 The market knows it all. Technical analysis assumes that the market price of a stock
reflects all that has or can affect a company. Technical analysis consider that all the
factors affecting the company are priced into the security.

 Price follows a trend. It implies that once trend is established, future prices trend to
follow the direction of the trend. Such an assumption is the basic of many strategies for
technical trading.

 History is likely to be repeated. History repeats itself mainly concerning price movement.
Market psychology causes price movements to repeat. Technical analysis involves using
chart patterns to analyze the movements in the market and study trends. Charts that have
been used for over 100 years are still relevant since price movement patterns are often
repetitive.
 2.5 Marketing Department
3.5.1 market study and analysis

Major market is Tamilnadu, there are near about 3500 paints shops
decorative paints and more than 500 shops for automotive paints. Our main
customer Padmashri Brush World has captured a sound share in the market.
The reputation of pioneers is enhanced by the collective capabilities and
cohesive support of their talented personal and facilities in paint brush and
paint roller manufacturing and marketing all over tamilnadu.

NC Thinner is sold in all the paints shops and there is also a demand.
Mostly, NC Thinner is used as diluents in all nitrocellulose based coatings in
all proportion as a paint industry, rubber industry and ceramic industry and
textile industry. N.C Thinner quickly reduce the consistency of the lacquers to
the required degree. It improves film smoothness of lacquers when applied
either by spray or dipping thus extending excellent finish.

3.5.2 Earthing of Tanks

1. Every tank or other receptacles for the storage in bulk, other than a well
head tank or tanks of less than 50,000 litres capacity containing petroleum class c shall be
electrically connected with the earth in an efficient manner by not less than two separate and
district connections placed at the opposite extremities of such tanks or receptacle. The roof and
all metal connections of such tanks or receptacle shall be efficient contact with body of such tank
or receptacle.

2. The connections and contacts required under sub-rule (1) shall have
as few joints as possible. All joints shall be riveted, welded or bolted and also soldered to ensure
both mechanical and electrical soundness.

3. The resistance to earth shall not exceed 7 ohms and the resistance
to any part to the earth plate or to any other part of fitting shall not exceed 2 ohms.
3.5.3 Testing of earth connections-

1. The connections and contacts of the tank or receptacles required under rule
127 shall be inspected and tested by a competent person at least once in every twelve months by
means of a direct reading instrument, such as, a merger.

2. The testing instrument referred to in sub-rule (1), if capable of producing a

spark, shall be so shielded as to be incapable of igniting petroleum vapour.

3. A record of such inspections and tests shall be maintained by the licensee in

the licensed premises and shall be produced on demand by any inspector.

3.5.2.1 Raw material

It is mixture of Ether, Acetate, Alcohol solvents, aromatic solvents and ketones

suitable diluents to all nitro product, it is manufactured for reducing lacquers before they are
applied by different methods.

 Aromatic solvents : Toluene, Xylene

 Alcohol solvents : IPA, Iso-butanol n-butnol, Di acetone alcoholetc
 Ketones : acetone, MIBK,MEK etc,
 Acetate : ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, 3-mothoxy acetate etc.
 Ether ; EC,BC etc.
3.5.2.2 Evaporation Rates:
 N-butyl acetate = 1.0
 Di acetone – 0.12
 N-butanol -0.4
 Xylene -0.7
 Butyl acetate -1
 MIBK / Methyl iso butyl ketone -1.6
 Toluene – 1.9
 IPA / iso propyl alcohol – 2.9
 Ethyl acetate – 4.2
 Acetone – 6.3
3.5.2.3 Manufacturing process
 Unload solvents from tanker to IBC (Intermediate Bulk Container).
 Pump to drums with air operated diaphragm pumps.
 Mix solvents as per formula to 1000 litre IBC.
 Fill pet bottles as per customer requirements and close with aluminium caps.
3.5.2.4 Drawing of Samples
 In all cases, the sampling officer shall personally superintend the drawing of the sample
and the sample shall be drawn in the presence of at least one witness. Where the sample
is drawn from an original unopened receptacle containing petroleum otherwise in bulk
the opening shall be sufficient to admit of the sample being rapidly transferred from the
receptacle.

 Two bottles, each of a capacity of 1litre shall be filled to nine-tenths of their capacity
with the sample and corked. The corks shall be driven home and cut- off level with the
neck; and melted sealing wax shall be worked into the corks and the bottles shall be
efficiently sealed.

 In the case of petroleum imported into india, the bottles containing the samples shall,
after being sealed, be labelled with the name of the consignee, particulars of the ship or
vehicle by which it is imported and such other distinguishing marks as may be necessary.
3.5.2.5 Importance in Storage
 Keep the container tightly closed.
 Shelf life is unlimited in close container.
 Keep away from direct sunlight and other sources of heat or ignition.
 Do not smoke in storage areas.

3.5.2.6 Packing:
 Available in 250ml., 500ml., 1lit., 3lit., 5lit., and 200lit(Drum)
3.5.2.7 Physiological Hazards
1. Thinner contains highly flammable solvents.
2. Harmful if inhaled and if absorbed through skin can cause irritation.
3. Always use protective gloves and eye goggles when handling this product.
4. It is highly recommended to provide proper ventilation on working area.

3.6 Financial Department

3.6.1 Financial Aspects:-
Fixed Capital-
Land value 8640 sq.ft (50 Rs/sq.ft) - 4, 32,000
Concrete platform 2500 sq.ft (250 Rs/ sq.ft) - 6, 25,000
Borewell with pump - 75,000
Covered area with steel roofing 2500sq.ft(150rs/sq.ft)- 3,75,000
Total Fixed Capital = 15, 07,000 Rs

3.6.2 Machinery and Equipments:-

Air operated diaphragm pump with compressor - 1, 00,000
Filling and Ropp Capping m/c - 3, 00,000
IBC tanks - 24, 000
Total Machinery and Equipments - 4, 24,000 Rs

3.6.3 Recurring Material (per month):-

Electricity usage 2 units/ hours - 2,500 Rs (approx)
Labor cost 4 persons - 30,000 Rs
Total Recurring Expenditure - 32, 500 Rs

.6.4 Raw Material (Per Month):-

Cost of solvents 71 Rs per litre

 9000 litre per month

Total purchase value – 6, 39, 000 Rs

Pet bottle purchase for 9000 bottle = 63000 Rs

3.6.5 Cost of Production (Per Annum):-

S.NO DESCRIPTION COST VALUE

1 Recurring expenditure 32, 500

2 Total depreciation on investment on building 10% 1, 50, 000

3 Total depreciation on investment on machinery 5% 6, 250

3.6.6 Turnover Per Month:-

9000 pcs 1liter NC thinner bottle = 7, 92, 000

Cost of production =32,500+63000 = 7, 34, 500

Profit = Turnover-Cost of Production

Profit = 7, 92, 000 – 7, 34, 500 = 57, 500

% of profit on sales = profit * 100 / turn over

% of profit on sales = 75000*100/7, 92, 000 = 7.26%

3.7 Sales Department

Introduction

 A sales department is the direct link between a company’s product or service and
its customers. However, a well- trained sales department does more than making
sales. Your sales staff builds relationships with your customers. Further, a quality
sales person helps identify a customer’s unique needs and makes sure that those
needs are met. Since sales person have direct contact with your customers on an
ongoing basis, they become privy to personal information that helps make sales
interactions smoother and friendlier. A highly trained sales professional tailors
sales pitches to the individual customers and learns the ins and outs of their needs
  For examples, say you own an office supply business. A customer calls your sales
team and says that they need printer paper. The sales person will ask what type of
printer the business is using, how long it take the office to go through a sheaf of
paper and whether they need a higher quality paper for any reason. A design firm
printing work sample might need a higher quality paper than a non profit hat is
only looking to print handouts for meetings. Your salesperson ensures that the
customer is getting what the need , in the right volume and at the right price.
 Further a sales department promotes the growth of your business as well as
customer retention. A quality sales person builds an ongoing, long-term
relationship with yours customers. The importance of personal relationships in
business can’t be understated. A personal connection makes customer feel valued
and encourages them remain loyal to your company. Plus, a happy customer will
recommend your brand to other
3.7.1 Objective
A sales department has several objective, aside from just making sales. Since your sales
department is often the link between your customers and the product or service your company
offers, there are other necessary functions a sales department must meet
Converting Sales: Of course, a sales department’s main objective is to make ales. However,
they must also do so efficiently and as inexpensively as possible. It is not enough to collect
information and process an order. A sales department is always concerned with improving its
conversion rate. A conversion rate is the percentage of customers who compete a sale. So if
your sale team speaks to 100 potential customers per day and 20 of those conversation result in a
sale, then your team has a 20 percent conversion rate. A better conversion means the business
spends less money converting each customer, resulting in higher profits.
Customer Retention: Your sales team as responsible for retaining customers, a monumentally
important task. It costs a business five-to-25 times more money to attract new customers than it
does to keep existing customers. Research further shows that upping your customer’s retention
rate by only 5 percent can result in increased profits of 25-to-95 percent for your business. It
makes sense always to keep your customers happy . this is where your sales teams comes in. As
the direct point-of-contact for your business, your sales department is building valuable
relationships with customers. A sales team that fellows up with the
customers and makes sure they are happy with the product or service your providing is crucial.
Most customers who take their business elsewhere do so quietly, without informing anyone so
one objective of a sales staff is to make sure customers remain happy and continue to do business
with your company.

Business Growth: The sales department is one of the most critical sectors of business for
growth. Through relationship-building and keeping customers happy, word-of-mouth
recommendations increase. Plus, satisfied customers are usually willing to leave positive reviews
for your company online. Reviews are critically important in doing business these days.
Prospective clients wants to see that you have made other customers happy, and are all too
willing to go to your competitors if there is no evidence that you’re doing so. This is why your
sales team can help you grow your business. Through outstanding customer service, your
customers become loyal and sign your praise to others, bringing in new business. What’s more a
quality sales staff will always be searching of new client leads, further growing your business.
3.7.2 Sales Department Responsibilities
 The responsibilities of a sale department vary depending on the business, and how large
the team is. However , the first responsibility of a sale department is usually searching
for and identifying prospective clients. The next responsibility of the sale department is
reaching out to those potential clients and making contact, which is when the
relationship-building begins in earnest. A sales representative will identify the need of the
client, and find out any relevant information for making a sale.

 Next, the sale department is responsible for delivering presentations and proposals that
will convert the customer. For example, say a prospective customer tells your sales
representative that he is looking for a new office supplier, but what he needs that others
don’t have is a selection of specialty links. Your sales department now puts together a
presentation for the customer that illustrates your wide ink selection. Usually, a team
member will also put together a proposal for the business. The individualized courting of
clients can help convert leads into long-term customers, so it’s important to get this part
right.

 If the prospective client is happy with the customer services of the sales staff and the
bottom line of the proposal, it’s time to close the deal. Successfully closing sales is
another responsibility of the sales is another responsibility of the sales staff: processing
transactions and ensuring payments
 run smoothly finally, the sales department is responsible for managing customer
relationship and keeping customers happy long-term. As previously noted, customer
retention is crucial to business profitability which often falls on the sales team as they
continue to fellow up with and most the needs of customers. The sales department must
maintain customer relationship and manage the satisfaction of all clients.

3.7.3 The Different Roles of a Sales Department

 The responsibilities of a sales department are varied. Thus, a sales department is often
split up into multiple roles, each with their unique functions:

 Sales Development Representative: Also called business development representatives,

a sale development representative is responsible for step one of the sales process:
researching, identifying and contacting leads. This persons is often a cold caller or the
team member who makes the first contact with a prospective client. Once the customer
leads has been identified as a “ qualifying lead” (one likely to result in a sale), a sale
development representative that lead to a higher-level sales representative.

 Account Executive: The account executive is responsible for bringing in new business
and marketing sales, filling the traditional sales person role. This person must be a closer
since the success of the deal ultimately falls on their shoulders. Account executive create
presentations, run demonstrations, write proposals, identify any obstacles to the purchase
process, negotiate terms with clients and finally, make the sale.

 Sales Specialist: A sales specialist has in-depth knowledge of the product and the
industry. This is the person you want handling complicated issues or difficult customers
questions. A sales specialist is also adept at doing product demonstrations and client
proposals. In a sales department, this specialist takes on any complex sales or advanced
challenges that come up for the team.

 Customer Success Representative: A customer success representative is responsible for

following up and renewing sales with customers who have already made purchase. This
role is crucial for customer retention and ensuring your business isn’t leaving money on
the table. A customer success representative keeps your best customer happy and finds
new ways to further the relationship, thus increasing your profits.

 Sales Manager: The sales manager is the leader of the team, and responsible for making
sure the team is meting their responsibilities and hitting their goals. This
 person charged with steering the ship as well as measuring and improving outcomes.

3.7.4 How to Improve a Business’s Sales Department

 There are many ways to improve a sales department. Depending on your individual
business and industry, what will work for you may not work for another business.
However, there are a few simple rules you can follow to make sure you are getting the
most from your sales department.
 First assess everyone’s skills and make sure team member are in the right place to thrive.
Not every personality type is cut out for sales. If you have one or two team members who
are consistently underperforming, find our way. Do they dislike working with customer?
Or are they perhaps not trained to a high enough standard? Identify any weakness and
ensure that every member has the support they need to fulfil their role. Whether done
through a training program or coaching by an upper-level team member. It’s crucial that
every member of the sales department is properly brought up to speed on their
responsibilities. Make sure that nobody on your team is failing through the cracks.
 Further, it’s a good idea to look at what training you are providing your sales team. Make
sure everyone is on the same page and receiving similar training on the systems of your
sales department. There is a variety of training programs available online as well as
in-person. Find a program that complements your company’s objectives, and make sure
all employees are trained in that program. Consistent, proper training keeps everyone on
the same page and allows team member to jump in and help each other out when
necessary.
 Next, look at what is motivating your team. If your sales department lacks motivation,
it’s time to improve the incentive you’re offering. Make sure your incentive programs are
targeting your entire sales staff, not just the upper 20 percent. Incentive programs are
often unnecessary complex. Figure out if there is a way to simplify and improve your
incentive program to bring more sales person into the fold. Learn about what every
employees and ask them what incentives they would like to see. Not every employee is
motivated the same way, so it’s important to find out hope you can get the most of the
each person in your sales department.
 Finally it’s crucial to reward and recognize success. People like to be recognized for their
efforts and rewarded when appropriate. This increases motivation and maintains high
morale across the department. A few words of recognition can go a long way, even if a
team member hasn’t done quite enough to hit their targets. For example, say you have a
team member who is struggling to close deals. You give him further training and he
improves his members but doesn’t sell quite enough to reach his
Filling & Capping Machinery for Pharmaceutical Industry in India
 India’s pharmaceutical industry has an advantage of easy availability of raw materials
and cheap labour. Which has helped it to achieve a high growth rate. Further, various
multi-national stakeholders have chosen to invest in the industry. The pharmaceutical
machine industry has had to catch up with the increased growing demand for different
requirements.

 Filling machine is used to put the contents of a container into the packing material. There
is liquid filling machine and powder filling machine to suite the different chemicals and
products in a pharmaceutical processing plant. The machines ensure that the products are
securely placed into the containers to avoid spillage wastage before reaching the
consumer.

(Aerosol-bottle-filling-machine-perfume-bottle- filling line)

Capping Machine
 Capping machinery is required to seal containers like caps and vials. The capping
machine is categorized as either automatic or semi automatic capping machines.
Automatic capping machines can seal up to 100 containers per minute white semi-
automatic machines will do up to 40 containers. Thus will depend on the size, shape,
quantity and number of containers being sealed at a go. Labelling machinery is very
important because it allows for a pharmaceutical company to differentiate its products
and give them a unique identify.
 Processing & packaging machinery for cosmetics and breweries industry

a) Filling Machine
 The cosmetic industry has items such as lotions creams, oils, and powders that are
used as beauty and medical solution. A liquid filling machine that is best suited for
this industry must be able to handle the sticky substances which are normally viscous
in nature. A powder filling machines will enable the four-like substance to be
carefully

Placed into the respective containers without losing the light that are easily blown away
by wind currents

 The breweries industry will mostly require need the liquid filling machine
technologies to fill up the bottles with the desired drink for consumption. The
machine must insert the liquid.
b) packing machine
Packaging in the cosmetics and breweries industries will differ in diameter, shape
and material. A capping machine will be used to seal the package so that the contents
remain in the container until it is opened by a consumer. The sealer should be tightly
placed so that the cosmetic product or brewed liquid is kept from spilling regardless of
how the container is placed.

(single head Ropp capping Machine)

CHAPTER-IV
CHAPTER-IV
4.1 SEMI AUTOMETIC TWO HEAD SOLVENTS FILLING
4.2 SINGLE HEAD ROPP CAPPING MACHINE
4.3 PADMASTHRI PAINTING TOOL AND ROLLERS
 OUOTATION

FOR

SHREE BHGAWATHI

MAKES

SEMI AUTOMETIC TWO HEAD SOLVENTS FILLING

AND

SINGLE HEAD ROPP CAPPING MACHINE

TO

PADMASTHRI PAINTING TOOL AND ROLLERS

ADDRESS

1197A, East veli Street,

Madurai-625001, Tamilnadu, India

Mobile-9788228838

E-mail:- [email protected]
4.1.1 ABOUT THE INDUSTRY

Kind Attention Mr. Deepak sekaran,

Dear Sir,

We would like to thank you interest as well as your valuable inquiry in AHREE GROUP.

Ours is an ISO 9001-2008 and CE certified as well as duns & bradstreet certified company.
we are renowned company in bottle packaging solutions for different industries like
pharma, cosmetic, oil, distillery, toiletry, food etc. We offer a wide range of products like liquid
filling line, viscous filling line, powder filling line, tablet & capsule filling line as well as
processing machinery of all section like oral, granule etc.

With reference to your discussion held with Mr. Nilesh pawar; we are pleased to send here with
budgetary quotation of your requirement of SHREE BHAGWATI MAKES SEMI CAPPING
machine. We hope you will find the offer in line of your requirement.

Please visit our website for our client list: http://www.bhagwatipharma.co.in/client-list.html

If you need any further techno commercial clarifications please feel free to contact us.

With best regards,

Arjun rao

M: 91+9898070475

E-mail: [email protected]
4.1.2 Semi automatic TWO HEAD Solvents filling machine

(photograph is for the reference purpose only. Machine construction & specifications are
subject to change without prior notice due to continue up gradation process)

4.1.3 Description

BHAGWATI semi automatic bottle filling machine is precision on study welded steel
frame completely, enclose in steel and doors are provided to facilitate the servicing of
machine. Working on volumetric principles the unit is made compact, versatile and
enclosed in stainless steel elegantly matt finish body.

4.1.3 Operations

Containers have to place manually below the filling nozzles at platform

of machine. Where motor operated syringes fill desire set volume in container, bottle
guide is provide for precisely match for cantering of container below nozzles, to avoid
spillage of nail-polish on container. The dosing block with a hexagonal bolt fitted below
syringes. This means fill size can be easily set.
 4.1.4 Technical Specification

MODULE SBLF-40
Out/Put Up to 5-10 Bottle per minute (Depends of the operator speed)
Number of head 2Nos
Fill Size*** 100ml to 1000ml with changes part
Electric Specification 0.5HP/415Volts/50vHz(Main Machine)

 Depends on container size, fill size, Neck diameter of container, and

nature of nail-polish etc,** we can supply as per customer requirements.
*** with the help of change parts.

SEMI AUTOMATIC SINGLE HEAD ROPP CAPPING MACHINE

MODEL NO. SBCS - 40 R GMP MODEL.

( photo graph is for the reference purpose only. Machine construction & specifications are
subject to change without prior notice due to continue up gradation process)
 4.1.2.1 Description
The Semi Automatic Capping Machine is precision built on sturdy on sturdy
welded steel frame completely enclose in stainless steel sheet and doors are provided to facilitate
the servicing of machine. Machine is having motorized rotating head mechanism, which ensures
proper cap sealing with uniform torque.
4.1.2.3 Operation
Require manually feeding & unloading container, where the body and the neck of
the container are positioned below the rotating head and sealing is performing perfect operation
of capping with uniform torque.

4.1.2.4 Technical Specification

MODULE SBSC- 40R

Output 8-10 Bottles per Minute- Depending on operator speed
No. Of sealing head 1Nos
Electrical motor** 1HP/440Volts/3phase/50HZ(Four Wire) For Main Machine
Change parts required Cap Die if cap diameter change
Pricing Structure of Equipment
Cap Diameter: - 28 & 46

S.NO Machine Name/ Model Qty Price in INR

1 SEMI AUTOMETIC TWO HEADED SOLVENTS 1 No 1,10,000/

FILLING MACHINE.
Model No. SBLf-40 GMP model fitted with one size
syringes set.
Optional:- 1 No 35,000/
 Filling tanks -50 litters
1 No 30,000/
 Extra syringe set
1 No 30,000/
 Flame proof motor
1 No 40,000/
 SS Pipe

2 SEMI AUTOMETIC SINGLE HEAD ROPP CAPPING 1 No 1,55,000

MACHINE.

Model No:SBCS-40R GMP Model with one size 28mm

change parts
1 No 15,000
 Change Parts
 46mm Cap size Change

Watch here Video of our machine

SEMI AUTOMATIC TWO HEAD SOLVENT FILLING MACHINE

htts://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eWDzlaFedx4

SEMI AUTOMETIC SINGLE HEAD ROPP CAPPING MACHINE

http://www.ambaeng.com/2013/02/19/semi-autometic-ropp-sealing-
machine-for-wine-bottle/
CHAPTER-V
CHAPTER-V
ANALYSIS
5.1 INTRODUCTION
These findings support strongly the design and development of the organization.
Suggestion is an idea or plan put forward for consideration and these two things improves the
organization.
5.2 FINDINGS
Findings, conclusions, suggestions and plan of actions are the last parts of theses. Findings are
statements section, upon which they are based upon the data analysis. Conclusions are the
answer to the questions raised, or the statements of acceptance or rejection of the hypotheses
proposed. The conclusions do not need to repeat the evidence, on which they are based, but
extreme care should be exercised to present them with whatever limitations and qualifications
are necessary. Besides findings and conclusions, suggestions are also required for the researcher.
Suggestions are brief suggestions of a limited numbers of recommendations for further
considerations. These suggestions are to given at the end of the report. They must be exhaustive
and should taken into consideration all the difficulties that may arise in implementing them and
plan of action will give ideas for further research study. In this study, an attempt has been made
to recapitulate the findings of the present study. The collected data is analyzed on three factors
like profile of the respondents, entrepreneurial aspects and empowerment aspects. The findings
of the study are as follows:

5.2.1 FINDINGS
5.2.1 Profile of the respondents
 Majority 79% (n=237) of respondents belong to the age group of 25-50 years. The young
and middle age group people can actively participate in socioeconomic activities.

 Majority of respondents belong to Hindu religion i.e78%(n235) while Christian and

Muslim respondents are less because of small group of religion.

 Majority of the respondents i.e100%(n300) of respondents are females. Page 391

 Majority 60%(n=181) of respondents studied up to post graduate level, while 1%(n=2)

respondents are illiterate.

 Majority of the respondents were married that is 65%(n=194) in which 7%(n20) of the
respondents were widow and very less respondents i.e 6%(n=18) respondents were
divorcee marital status.
  With regards to kind and size of family majority of the respondents were living in nuclear
family and 48%(n=145) of respondents having 1-5 members in their family.

 With regards to the income it can be revealed that 65%(n=196) majority of respondents
are earning 30000 to 45000 incomes per month.

 With regards to the saving it can be revealed that 62%(n=185) majority of respondents
are savings Rs 10000 to 25000 per month.

 With regards to the experience of entrepreneur it can be revealed that 52%(n=156)

majority of respondents have 5 to 10 years “experience of entrepreneurship”.

5.3 SUGGESTION
 The company should take some reasonable actions dust and fume by modifying plant
layout.

 Advertisement plays a most important role in business. So they company should try to
give effective advertisement to attract public, through all media.

 It also concentrates on improving its quality still further. It competitors overtake by it

proving finest flour.

 company should provide hygienic foods to their labours.

 Fix the CCTV cameras inside our manufacturing units.

CHAPTER-VI
CHAPTER-VI

CONCLUSION

6.1 CONCLUSION
In review this summer training has been an excellent and rewarding experience. I
have been able to meet and network with so many people that I am sure will able to help time
with opportunities in this future. One main thing that I have learned through this summer training
is times management as well as self motivation. When I first started I did not think I was going to
able to make myself sit in an office for live hours a day, 7 days a week. Once I realized what I
had to do organized my dad and work so that I was overlapping or wasting my hours from the
summer training and time management I had to learn how to motivate myself through being in
this office for so many hours. I came up with various proposal and ideas that the company is still
into using..

I am thankful to all the staff and employees of D.K. INDUSTRIES N.C. THINNER who
went out of their way to help me in this task.