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Understanding Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms

Allergic rhinitis is a common allergic reaction characterized by seasonal occurrences that mostly affects children and adolescents. It is caused by allergens like pollens, dust mites, animal exposure, and pollution that trigger an immunoglobulin E response and inflammation in the nasal mucosa. Symptoms include sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, and nasal congestion. Diagnosis involves nasal smears, blood tests, and skin or RAST testing. Treatment includes over-the-counter or prescription antihistamines, decongestants, nasal sprays, and immunotherapy for persistent allergies. Nursing care educates patients and encourages avoidance of allergens and proper medication administration and use.

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Jamie Icabandi
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88 views2 pages

Understanding Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms

Allergic rhinitis is a common allergic reaction characterized by seasonal occurrences that mostly affects children and adolescents. It is caused by allergens like pollens, dust mites, animal exposure, and pollution that trigger an immunoglobulin E response and inflammation in the nasal mucosa. Symptoms include sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, and nasal congestion. Diagnosis involves nasal smears, blood tests, and skin or RAST testing. Treatment includes over-the-counter or prescription antihistamines, decongestants, nasal sprays, and immunotherapy for persistent allergies. Nursing care educates patients and encourages avoidance of allergens and proper medication administration and use.

Uploaded by

Jamie Icabandi
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Allergic rhinitis a form of allergic reaction in the respiratory system which is characterized by seasonal occurrences.

Children and adolescents are mostly affected by this. Over all this is the most common allergic reaction that happens on all age groups and it has a family origin also.

Etiology: 1. Pollens from trees, grass and weed which usually increases during spring, summer and fall respectively. 2. Harsh environmental factors like pollution, smoke and strong smells. 3. Other triggering factors can cause year-round symptoms that do not appear to be associated with specific triggers. Dust mite and animal exposure are called perennial allergens. There is a tendency also for chronic symptoms to appear. Pathophysiology: The immunoglobulin (Ig) E increases whenever an inhaled allergen stays on the mucosal surface. It combines with nasal mucosa. The nasal mucosa then becomes edematous and leukocytes infiltrated it. There is tissue edema since capillary permeability increases. Signs and Symptoms: 1. Itching, burning nasal mucosa 2. Copious mucous secretions causing runny nose 3. Red, burning, teary eyes 4. Sneezing 5. Pale, boggy nasal mucosa Diagnostic evaluation: 1. Nasal smears indicates eosinophil in nasal secretions. 2. Peripheral blood count lymphocytes increase above 1,200 mL 3. Elevated serum IgE 4. Skin test positive among various allergens 5. Radioallergosorbent test specific test for IgE, antibodies are present when they combine with the radiolabeled allergens Medical management: 1. 2. Prescription of use of anti-histamines. There non-drowsing anti-histamines that are available in the market. Immunotherapy. This is advised for clients with specific inhalant allergens like house dust and pollens which is unavoidable. Nursing management: Administer antihistamines, decongestants and topical corticosteroids. Caution clients to avoid driving vehicles whenever he or she is on antihistamines or decongestants. Teach the client the proper use of saline nasal sprays by blowing his nose first then administer the nasal medication. Assist the client when he or she is advised for immunotherapy.

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Encourage a routine cleaning of the house, furnitures and equipments which may house dust and other pollens. There are second generation anti-histamines that are non-drowsing. These are appropriate for clients who cannot avoid working while the allergy is going on. Their work wont be interfered.

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