Green Building: Sustainable and Efficient Construction
(Dhanashree Vinod Thakre, Harshada Gopal Sawakare, Antara Manoj Patil)
ABSTRACT
In the era of rapid development of architecture, green buildings have emerged as a sustainable development path with
many urgent problems, the quality of the building and the subsequent maintenance management aspects are not fully
implemented. This study is based on literature research on green buildings, analyzing the current development of green
buildings and proposing existing problems and future directions for development. The analysis shows that there is a
lack of management planning for the whole process of green buildings, and therefore proposes ideas for a green building
management planning system that will allow for sustainable development of green buildings from design to completion.
Keywords: Green Building, Sustainable Construction, Energy Efficiency, Eco-friendly Materials, Smart Buildings
1. INTRODUCTION
In recent times, environmental pollution and the
increasing energy burden resulting from rapid industrial
development have posed significant challenges for both
India and the world. To ensure sustainable development
in the construction industry, it has become necessary
and urgent to adopt green building practices. Green
buildings integrate sustainable materials, energy-
efficient designs, and eco-friendly technologies to
minimize their environmental footprint. This paper
explores the principles, benefits, and challenges of green
construction while analyzing modern trends and case
studies that highlight sustainable building techniques.
The role of policies and future advancements in green Figure 1. Green energy buildings .
building technology are also discussed.
With the ever-growing demand for infrastructure, the 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
construction industry has emerged as one of the largest
contributors to energy consumption and greenhouse gas 2.1 Definition of Green Building
emissions. Green buildings provide a viable solution to
A green building is a structure designed,
mitigate these issues by incorporating sustainable
constructed, and operated to minimize environmental
construction techniques and resource-efficient materials.
impact while maximizing resource efficiency. These
At present, green building designs are emerging
buildings utilize sustainable materials, energy-efficient
worldwide, integrating renewable energy sources and
systems, and water conservation techniques to enhance
innovative structures.
environmental sustainability.
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2.2. Objectives of Green Buildings 2.2.2 Benefits of Green Buildings .
2.2.1 Green Building Principles The environment has become a key factor in assessing
green buildings. In the development process, the
Energy Efficiency: Reducing energy environment is the basis for the survival of all things, and
consumption through insulation, passive solar the building that provides the living space is the most
design, and high-performance HVAC systems. crucial part of the environment. The sustainable
development of buildings must first meet the green
Water Conservation: Implementing rainwater
design throughout, from the raw materials used in
harvesting, greywater recycling, and water-
construction to the technology that has the most
efficient fixtures.
environmental performance[6]. In addition to this, as
Material Sustainability: Utilizing recycled, urban land use becomes increasingly tight, it is important
renewable, and non-toxic materials. to achieve optimal planning for land resources while not
damaging the environment, and the core of green
Indoor Environmental Quality: Enhancing air
building design is to reduce the use of natural resources
quality, ventilation, and access to natural
and achieve the needs of the building through design.
lighting.
Waste Reduction: Employing waste 2.2.3 Technologies and Innovations in
management strategies, including recycling and Green Buildings .
reusing construction materials.
Renewable Energy Integration: Solar
panels, wind turbines, and geothermal
energy systems contribute to sustainable
energy solutions.
Smart Building Systems: IoT-enabled
devices monitor and optimize energy and
water consumption.
Sustainable Materials: Bamboo, recycled
concrete, and low-VOC (volatile organic
compound) paints promote environmental
health.
Net-Zero and Passive House Designs:
Buildings designed to generate as much
energy as they consume, ensuring long-term
sustainability.
Figure 2. Structure of green energy buildings.
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resources, but also causes serious pollution to the
2.3 The key principles of green building include: environment. There will also be a lot of reusable
play the function and system value, to achieve the materials in the construction waste, so in order toreduce
goal of designing the green building. the cost expenditure of construction materials, the waste
Structure Efficiency - Optimizing the construction materials can be sorted and then recycled,
building design to maximize natural light which not only reduces the cost input of the building,
and ventilation. but also reduces the pollution caused to the
environment.
Energy Efficiency - Using energy saving
appliances, insulation, and renewable The increased use of renewable materials such as
energy sources. wood, waste paper and fibre insulation in construction
not only reduces the investment in construction, but also
Water Efficiency- Implementing rainwater
alleviates the ecological problems caused by the over-
harvesting, water recycling, and low-
exploitation of natural resources by humans. In the past,
consumption fixtures.
the traditional construction industry was often very vague
Material Efficiency – Using eco- friendly about the use of materials, but with the development of
and locally sourced materials to reduce technology, people's concepts are gradually updated.
environmental impact.
Waste Reduction - Minimizing construction
and operational waste through efficient
planning and recycling.
Figure 4. Building materials used in green building.
As shown in figure 4, the materials used in green.
According to research, suitable building materials are often
sourced from materials that can be sourced or manufactured
locally[8]. Some materials may have excellent properties in
their own right, but are not green due to their longevity,
Figure 3 . Comparison of the two building materials reusability and origin. When selecting green building
materials, it is important to consider not only the impact of the
3. SUSTAINABLE material itself, but also the energy consumption due to
transport and extraction, and the damage to the ecosystem. To
DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN
achieve a reduction in transport costs and CO2 emissions,
BUILDINGS they should be derived from inexhaustible assets, produce
less harmful gases for humans and at the same time need to
3.1 New Building Material Design
be economical.
When a building reaches the end of its service
life, it will be demolished, and the resulting
construction waste not only causes waste of
3
Prutha Patel and Anant Patel suggest that plastic waste, when emissions, no noise in the application of clean energy, so it is
recycled, can be used to make certain attractive decorative very much in line with China's current national policy of
items as a rapidly consumable resource with a limited but "energy-saving and emission reduction", and has been
highly reusable lifespan[9]. Green building materials are widely used[12].
therefore often renewable resources that can effectively reduce
For a long time, the energy used by humans has been
the use of limited resources, improve the durability of
mainly fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas and coal, which are
buildings and reduce harmful emissions and radiation from
non-renewable energy sources. Therefore, the use of solar
products. Figure 2 below, shows the various sustainable
energy technology in building design makes a lot of sense.
building materials used in green building construction[10].
The main two types of solar energy utilized in an active way
are currently solar thermal utilization and photoelectric
utilization: photoelectric utilization is the use of solar cells to
generate electricity to provide energy. As technology
advances, photovoltaic conversion efficiency will also
increase and costs will be further reduced. Solar cells can
also be combined with building materials to form a new
type of photovoltaic building material, such as solar
photovoltaic roofs, solar electric walls and solar
photovoltaic glass. These materials can not only generate
electricity, through the appropriate design can also make the
building components at the same time set multi-functional
in one, as the future of ecological building composite
materials, its application does not affect the building
Figure 5. Sustainable materials for green building
aesthetics, but also for the building shape gives a high
construction
technology connotation, is the future direction of sustainable
development of the building.
3.2 New Energy Architecture Design (Solar For example, transparent thermal walls can store solar
Architecture) heat in summer and use the stored heat for heating in winter,
a widely used approach to solar energy systems.
In the increasingly tight situation of energy worldwide,
environmental pollution has also become more serious, so the
development and use of clean energy should be increased, not
only to reduce energy consumption, but also to reduce the
pollution caused to
the environment. At this stage, the efficiency of wind and
solar energy use is greater, so in the design of buildings,
clean energy should be used as much as possible, such as
solar water heaters and solar power, which is an important
means in green design[11].
Solar energy is an inexhaustible new green natural
energy source that is free to use, constantly renewable, no Figure 6. Solar construction architecture.
need for transport, no pollutant
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4. CONCLUSION 5. REFERENCES
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