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Activity - Main - XML: Practical # 1 Introduction To Android, Android Studio Ide Application Fundamentals

The document outlines a series of practical exercises focused on Android application development, covering topics such as UI design with XML, activity lifecycle management, and resource management. It includes code snippets for various layouts (Linear, Relative, Table) and demonstrates how to implement features like network connectivity checks and menu options. Each practical section provides a structured approach to building Android applications using Kotlin and XML.

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karinkato2103
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45 views34 pages

Activity - Main - XML: Practical # 1 Introduction To Android, Android Studio Ide Application Fundamentals

The document outlines a series of practical exercises focused on Android application development, covering topics such as UI design with XML, activity lifecycle management, and resource management. It includes code snippets for various layouts (Linear, Relative, Table) and demonstrates how to implement features like network connectivity checks and menu options. Each practical section provides a structured approach to building Android applications using Kotlin and XML.

Uploaded by

karinkato2103
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Practical # 1

Introduction to android, android studio ide application fundamentals

activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<[Link]
xmlns:android="[Link]
xmlns:app="[Link]
xmlns:tools="[Link]
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">

<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hello students!"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

</[Link]>
______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
[Link]
package [Link].practical11

import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {


override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
[Link](savedInstanceState)
setContentView([Link].activity_main)
val c=[Link](CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE) as
ConnectivityManager
val networkInfo = [Link]

if(networkInfo!=null && [Link])


{
if ([Link]==ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE)
{
[Link](applicationContext,"Connected to
Mobile",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
}
if ([Link]==ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI)
{
[Link](applicationContext,"Connected to
Wifi",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
}
}
else
{
[Link](applicationContext,"You are
offline",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
}
}
}
______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
[Link]
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="[Link]
package="[Link].practical11"
xmlns:tools="[Link]

<uses-permission
android:name="[Link].ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"></uses-permission>

<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/data_extraction_rules"
android:fullBackupContent="@xml/backup_rules"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/Theme.Practical11"
tools:targetApi="31">
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="[Link]" />

<category android:name="[Link]" />


</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>

</manifest>

Practical # 2
Programing resources: color,theme, string, drawable, dimension,image

[Link]
<resources>
<string name="app_name">Android Resources</string>
<string name="my_text">TYIT</string>

</resources>
___________________________________________________________________
[Link]
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<color name="colorPrimary">#FFEB3B</color>
<color name="colorPrimaryDark">#18463F</color>
<color name="colorAccent">#D81B60</color>

</resources>
______________________________________________________________________
[Link]
<resources xmlns:tools="[Link]
<!-- Base application theme. -->
<style name="[Link].Practical21"
parent="[Link]">
<!-- Customize your light theme here. -->
<item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
<item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>

</style>

<style name="Theme.Practical21" parent="[Link].Practical21" />


</resources>
_______________________________________________________________
[Link]
package [Link].practical21

import [Link]
import [Link]

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {


override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
[Link](savedInstanceState)
setContentView([Link].activity_main)
}
}

Practical 3
Programing activities and fragments, activity life cycle, method, multiple activities
life cycle of fragments and multiple fragments

activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<[Link]
xmlns:android="[Link]
xmlns:app="[Link]
xmlns:tools="[Link]
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">

<!-- <TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hello TYIT"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" /> -->

<Button
android:id="@+id/about_us"
android:layout_width="130dp"
android:layout_height="102dp"
android:text="AboutUs"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="154dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="323dp"
tools:ignore="MissingConstraints" />

</[Link]>
___________________________________________________________________
[Link]
package [Link].myapplication111

import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

val TAG="Main Activity"


override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
[Link](savedInstanceState)
setContentView([Link].activity_main)
Log.d("ActivityLifecycle", "onCreate called")
val about_us = findViewById<Button>([Link].about_us)
about_us.setOnClickListener{
val i = Intent(this,AboutUs::[Link])
startActivity(i)
}

override fun onStart() {


[Link]()
Log.d("ActivityLifecycle", "onStart called")
}

override fun onResume() {


[Link]()
Log.d("ActivityLifecycle", "onResume called")
}

override fun onPause() {


[Link]()
Log.d("ActivityLifecycle", "onPause called")
}

override fun onStop() {


[Link]()
Log.d("ActivityLifecycle", "onStop called")
}

override fun onDestroy() {


[Link]()
Log.d("ActivityLifecycle", "onDestroy called")
}
}
______________________________________________________________________
__________
[Link]

package [Link].myapplication111

import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]

class AboutUs : AppCompatActivity() {


val TAG = "About Us"

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {


[Link](savedInstanceState)
// setContentView([Link].activity_main)
Log.d(TAG, "Inside onCreate")
[Link](this, "You are under about us", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()

}
}
______________________________________________________________________
_________________________
[Link]
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="[Link]
xmlns:tools="[Link]

<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/data_extraction_rules"
android:fullBackupContent="@xml/backup_rules"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/Theme.MyApplication111"
tools:targetApi="31">
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="[Link]" />

<category android:name="[Link]" />


</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name=".AboutUs"></activity>
</application>

</manifest>

Practical 4
Programing related to different layouts: linear, relative, table

Linear Layout
Activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="[Link]
xmlns:app="[Link]
xmlns:tools="[Link]
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
tools:context=".MainActivity"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="@color/material_dynamic_primary70"
>

<LinearLayout
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp">

<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextText2"
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="text"

android:hint="@string/search"/>

<Button
android:id="@+id/button3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="@string/search" />

</LinearLayout>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextText3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="text"
android:text="Name" />

<ImageView
android:id="@+id/imageView"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="164dp"
android:layout_gravity="bottom"
app:srcCompat="@drawable/ic_launcher_background" />
</LinearLayout>
____________________________________________________________________
Relative Layout
Activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="[Link]
xmlns:app="[Link]
xmlns:tools="[Link]
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
tools:context=".MainActivity"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="@color/material_dynamic_primary70"
>

<LinearLayout
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp">

<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextText2"
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="text"

android:hint="@string/search"/>

<Button
android:id="@+id/button3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:text="@string/search" />

</LinearLayout>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextText3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="text"
android:text="Name" />

<ImageView
android:id="@+id/imageView"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="164dp"
android:layout_gravity="bottom"
app:srcCompat="@drawable/ic_launcher_background" />
</RelativeLayout>
______________________________________________________________________
_______
Table Layout(activity_main.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TableLayout xmlns:android="[Link]
xmlns:app="[Link]
xmlns:tools="[Link]
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">

<TableRow
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_marginTop="150dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="50dp">

<EditText
android:id="@+id/mytext"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="username"
android:inputType="text" />

</TableRow>

<TableRow
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="50dp">

<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextText2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="text"
android:hint="passward" />
</TableRow>
<TableRow
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="50dp">

<Button
android:text="Login"
android:id="@+id/login"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
</TableRow>
</TableLayout>
_______________________________________________________
Table Layout([Link])

package [Link]

import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {


@SuppressLint("MissingInflatedId")
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
[Link](savedInstanceState)
setContentView([Link].activity_main)

var text=findViewById<EditText>([Link])
var btn=findViewById<Button>([Link])
[Link]{
var strMessage:String
strMessage=[Link]().toString()
[Link](this,"hello $strMessage",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
}
}
}

______________________________________________________________________
_____________

PRACTICAL NO 5
Programing ui elements

ACTIVITY_MAIN.XML
No changes

[Link]
package [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {


override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
[Link](savedInstanceState)
enableEdgeToEdge()
setContentView([Link].activity_main)

override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu?): Boolean {

[Link]([Link],menu)
return [Link](menu)
}

override fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {


val id=[Link]

if (id==[Link])
{
[Link](this,"search",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
}
if (id==[Link])
{
[Link](this,"AboutUs",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
}
if (id==[Link])
{
[Link](this,"Contact Us",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
}
return [Link](item)
}
}

[Link]
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="[Link]
xmlns:app="[Link]

<item
android:id="@+id/search"
android:title="@string/search"
app:showAsAction="always" />

<item
android:id="@+id/aboutus"
android:title="@string/about_us" />

<item
android:id="@+id/contactus"
android:title="@string/contact_us" />

</menu>

[Link]
<resources>
<string name="search">Search</string>
<string name="about_us">About Us</string>
<string name="contact_us">Contact Us</string>
</resources>

Design part
PRACTICAL 6 : FRAGMENT

ACTIVITY_MAIN.XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<[Link]
xmlns:android="[Link]
xmlns:app="[Link]
xmlns:tools="[Link]
android:id="@+id/main"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">

<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="432dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="horizontal"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="-19dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="54dp">
<[Link]
android:id="@+id/fragmentContainerView"
android:name="[Link]"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1" />

<[Link]
android:id="@+id/fragmentContainerView2"
android:name="[Link]"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1" />
</LinearLayout>
</[Link]>

[Link]
package [Link]

import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {


override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
[Link](savedInstanceState)
enableEdgeToEdge()
setContentView([Link].activity_main)
[Link](findViewById([Link])) { v, insets
->
val systemBars = [Link]([Link]())
[Link]([Link], [Link], [Link],
[Link])
insets
}
}
}
[Link]

package [Link]

import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]

/**
* A simple [Fragment] subclass.
* Use the [[Link]] factory method to
* create an instance of this fragment.
*/
class Fragmentone : Fragment() {
override fun onCreateView(
inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?,
savedInstanceState: Bundle?
): View? {
// Inflate the layout for this fragment
return [Link]([Link].fragment_fragmentone, container, false)
}

[Link]

package [Link]

import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]
import [Link]

/**
* A simple [Fragment] subclass.
* Use the [[Link]] factory method to
* create an instance of this fragment.
*/
class Fragmenttwo : Fragment() {
override fun onCreateView(
inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?,
savedInstanceState: Bundle?
): View? {
// Inflate the layout for this fragment
return [Link]([Link].fragment_fragmenttwo, container, false)
}

[Link]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>


<FrameLayout xmlns:android="[Link]
xmlns:tools="[Link]
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#FF5722"
tools:context=".Fragmentone">

<!-- TODO: Update blank fragment layout -->


<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:text="fragment 1"
android:textSize="34sp" />

</FrameLayout>

[Link]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>


<FrameLayout xmlns:android="[Link]
xmlns:tools="[Link]
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#E91E63"
tools:context=".Fragmenttwo">

<!-- TODO: Update blank fragment layout -->


<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:text="fragment 2"
android:textSize="34sp" />

</FrameLayout>

OUTPUT

Practical 7 :- Programs on Intents, Events, Listeners and Adapters

Activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>​


<LinearLayout​
xmlns:android="[Link]
xmlns:tools="[Link]
xmlns:app="[Link]
android:layout_width="match_parent"​
android:layout_height="match_parent"​
tools:context=".MainActivity"​
android:background="@color/black">​
<TableLayout android:layout_width="wrap_content"​
android:layout_height="wrap_content"​
android:layout_marginLeft="50dp"​
android:layout_marginTop="150dp">​
<TableRow>​
<Button​
android:id="@+id/btn1"​
android:text="1"​
android:layout_gravity="center"​
/>​
<Button​
android:id="@+id/btn2"​
android:text="2"​
android:layout_gravity="center"​
​
/>​
<Button​
android:id="@+id/btn3"​
android:text="3"​
android:layout_gravity="center"​
/>​
</TableRow>​
<TableRow>​
<Button​
android:id="@+id/btn4"​
android:text="4"​
​
android:layout_gravity="center"​
/>​
<Button​
android:id="@+id/btn5"​
android:text="5"​
android:layout_gravity="center"​
​
/>​
<Button​
android:id="@+id/btn6"​
android:text="6"​
android:layout_gravity="center"​
​
/>​
</TableRow>​
<TableRow>​
<Button​
android:id="@+id/btn7"​
android:text="7"​
​
android:layout_gravity="center"​
​
/>​
<Button​
android:id="@+id/btn8"​
android:text="8"​
android:layout_gravity="center"​
​
/>​
<Button​
android:id="@+id/btn9"​
android:text="9"​
android:layout_gravity="center"​
/>​
</TableRow>​
</TableLayout>​
</LinearLayout>

[Link]

package [Link]​
​
import [Link]​
import [Link]​
import [Link]​
import [Link]​
import [Link]​
​
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {​
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {​
[Link](savedInstanceState)​
enableEdgeToEdge() // Make sure this is available for
your Android version​
setContentView([Link].activity_main)​
​
// Initialize buttons​
val btn1 = findViewById<Button>([Link].btn1)​
val btn2 = findViewById<Button>([Link].btn2)​
val btn3 = findViewById<Button>([Link].btn3)​
val btn4 = findViewById<Button>([Link].btn4)​
val btn5 = findViewById<Button>([Link].btn5)​
val btn6 = findViewById<Button>([Link].btn6)​
val btn7 = findViewById<Button>([Link].btn7)​
val btn8 = findViewById<Button>([Link].btn8)​
val btn9 = findViewById<Button>([Link].btn9)​
​
// Set click listeners​
[Link] { toast("1") }​
[Link] { toast("2") }​
[Link] { toast("3") }​
[Link] { toast("4") }​
[Link] { toast("5") }​
[Link] { toast("6") }​
[Link] { toast("7") }​
[Link] { toast("8") }​
[Link] { toast("9") }​
}​
​
private fun toast(s: String) {​
[Link](this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()​
}​
}

Output
Practical 8

Notification:

A) clickable and non- clickable notification

Activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="[Link]

xmlns:tools="[Link]

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:padding="20dp"

android:gravity="center_vertical"

tools:context=".MainActivity">

<Button
android:id="@+id/btnGetNonClickableNotification"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:text="Get Non-Clickable Notification"

android:textSize="20sp"

android:padding="15dp"

android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/btnGetClickableNotification"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:text="Get Clickable Notification"

android:textSize="20sp"

android:padding="15dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

</LinearLayout>

[Link]

package [Link]

import [Link]

import [Link]

import [Link]

import [Link]

import [Link]

import [Link]

import [Link]
import [Link]

import [Link]

import [Link]

import [Link]

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

lateinit var getClickableNotificationButton: Button

lateinit var getNonClickableNotificationButton:Button

private val CHANNEL_ID = "my_channel"

private val NOTIFICATION_ID_NON_CLICKABLE = 1

private val NOTIFICATION_ID_CLICKABLE = 2

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

[Link](savedInstanceState)

setContentView([Link].activity_main)

createNotificationChannel()

getClickableNotificationButton =

findViewById([Link])

getNonClickableNotificationButton =

findViewById([Link])

[Link] {

showClickableNotification()

[Link] {

showNonClickableNotification()

}
}

private fun createNotificationChannel() {

val name = "Practical"

val descriptionText = "Home Page"

val importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT

val channel = NotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID, name, importance).apply {

description = descriptionText

val notificationManager: NotificationManager =

getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager

[Link](channel)

private fun showClickableNotification() {

val intent = Intent(this, MainActivity::[Link])

val pendingIntent = [Link](this, 0, intent,

PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE)

val builder = [Link](this, CHANNEL_ID)

.setSmallIcon([Link].ic_launcher_background)

.setContentTitle("WELCOME TO SN COLLEGE")

.setContentText("Click to reload the app")

.setContentIntent(pendingIntent)

.setAutoCancel(true)

val notificationManager: NotificationManager =

getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager

[Link](NOTIFICATION_ID_CLICKABLE, [Link]())
}

private fun showNonClickableNotification() {

val builder = [Link](this, CHANNEL_ID)

.setSmallIcon([Link].ic_launcher_background)

.setContentTitle("HELLO TYIT")

.setContentText("This notification cannot be clicked.")

.setAutoCancel(true)

val notificationManager: NotificationManager =

getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager

[Link](NOTIFICATION_ID_NON_CLICKABLE, [Link]())

[Link]

<uses-permission android:name="[Link].POST_NOTIFICATIONS" />

Output
Practical 8 :

Notification

B)automatic broadcast receiver


Activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="[Link]

xmlns:app="[Link]

xmlns:tools="[Link]

android:id="@+id/main"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:gravity="center"

android:padding="20dp"

tools:context=".MainActivity">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/infoText"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:textAlignment="center"

android:textStyle="bold"

android:textSize="30sp"

android:text="Hello World!" />

</LinearLayout>

[Link]

<uses-permission android:name="[Link].ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />

[Link]

package [Link]
import [Link]

import [Link]

import [Link]

import [Link]

import [Link]

import [Link]

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

lateinit var infoText: TextView

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

[Link](savedInstanceState)

setContentView([Link].activity_main)

infoText = findViewById([Link])

val manager: ConnectivityManager =

getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE) as ConnectivityManager

val network = [Link]

val networkCapabilities = [Link](network)


if (networkCapabilities != null &&
[Link](NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)) {

when {

[Link](NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR) -> {

[Link] = "Connected to Cellular"

[Link](NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI) -> {

[Link] = "Connected to WiFi"

else -> {

[Link] = "Connected to other network"

} else {

[Link] = "You are Offline"

output:
Practical 10: Programming Security and permissions

[Link]

<uses-feature​
android:name="[Link]"​
android:required="false" />​
<uses-permission android:name="[Link]" />​
<uses-permission android:name="[Link]"/>​
<uses-permission
android:name="[Link].READ_CONTACTS"/>​
<uses-permission
android:name="[Link].READ_CALENDAR"/>

Activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>​


<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="[Link]
xmlns:app="[Link]
xmlns:tools="[Link]
android:id="@+id/main"​
android:layout_width="match_parent"​
android:layout_height="match_parent"​
android:orientation="vertical"​
android:padding="30dp"​
android:gravity="center"​
tools:context=".MainActivity">​
<Button​
android:id="@+id/cameraButton"​
android:layout_width="match_parent"​
android:layout_height="wrap_content"​
android:text="Give Camera Permission" />​
<Button​
android:id="@+id/contactsButton"​
android:layout_width="match_parent"​
android:layout_height="wrap_content"​
android:text="Give Contacts Permission" />​
<Button​
android:id="@+id/calendarButton"​
android:layout_width="match_parent"​
android:layout_height="wrap_content"​
android:text="Give Calendar Permission" />​
</LinearLayout>

[Link]

package [Link]​
​
import [Link]​
import [Link]​
import [Link]​
import [Link]​
import [Link]​
import [Link]​
import [Link]​
import [Link]​
import [Link]​
​
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {​
lateinit var cameraBtn: Button​
​
lateinit var calendarBtn: Button​
lateinit var contactsBtn: Button​
private val MY_CAMERA_REQUEST_CODE = 100;​
private val MY_CALENDAR_REQUEST_CODE = 101;​
private val MY_CONTACTS_REQUEST_CODE = 102;​
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {​
[Link](savedInstanceState)​
setContentView([Link].activity_main)​
cameraBtn = findViewById([Link])​
calendarBtn = findViewById([Link])​
contactsBtn = findViewById([Link])​
[Link] {​
checkAndRequestPermission("Camera",
[Link],MY_CAMERA_REQUEST_CODE)​
}​
[Link] {​
checkAndRequestPermission("Calendar",​

[Link].READ_CALENDAR,MY_CALENDAR_REQUEST_CODE)​
}​
[Link] {​
checkAndRequestPermission("Contacts",​
[Link].READ_CONTACTS,
MY_CONTACTS_REQUEST_CODE)​
}​
}​
private fun checkAndRequestPermission(whichButton: String,
whichPermission:​
String, requestCode: Int) {​
if (checkSelfPermission(whichPermission) !=​
PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {​
[Link](this, "$whichButton Button Clicked",​
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()​
requestPermissions(arrayOf(whichPermission),
requestCode);​
} else {​
[Link](this, "Already has $whichButton
Access",​
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()​
}​
}​
}
Output

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