Section A: Multiple choice questions:
Tick the correct option: [10 marks]
1. Which structure is present in both plant and animal cells?
A) Cell wall
B) Chloroplast
C) Mitochondrion
D) Large central vacuole
2. Which biological molecule is the main source of energy in cells?
A) Protein
B) Carbohydrate
C) Lipid
D) Nucleic acid
3. What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?
A) Energy production
B) Protein synthesis
C) Transport of substances
D) DNA replication
4. Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
A) Mitochondria
B) Cell membrane
C) Cell wall
D) Ribosomes
5. Enzymes are biological catalysts that:
A) Slow down chemical reactions
B) Speed up chemical reactions without being used up
C) Break down DNA molecules
D) Store genetic information
6. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of:
A) Brain and spinal cord
B) Brain and nerves
C) Spinal cord and sensory neurons
D) Sensory neurons and motor neurons
7. What prevents the backflow of blood in veins?
A) Thick walls
B) Valves
C) High pressure
D) Red blood cells
8. Which statement about white blood cells is correct?
A) They can ingest bacteria by a process called phagocytosis
B) They can produce antigens in response to foreign antibodies.
C) They convert fibrinogen to fibrin when bleeding happens.
D) They transport toxins from body tissues to the liver.
9. What process helps pull water up the xylem from roots to leaves?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Transpiration
C) Respiration
D) Digestion
10. The building blocks (monomers) of proteins are:
A) Fatty acids
B) Glucose molecules
C) Amino acids
D) Nucleotides
Section B:
1. Match the type of cell in Column A with its correct function in Column B. [5 marks]
Column A (Type of Cell) Column B (Function)
1. Red blood cell A. Absorbs water and minerals from soil
2. Nerve cell B. Carries oxygen in the blood
3. Root hair cell C. Contracts to enable movement
4. Muscle cell D. Transmits electrical impulses
5. Ciliated cell E. Moves mucus out of the airways
2. Provide accurate definitions of the following terms: [5 marks]
(a) Diffusion
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(b) Transpiration
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(c) Reflex arc
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(d) Continuous variation
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(e) Homeostasis
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