1 The ray diagram shows the image of an object formed by a converging lens.
converging
lens
object
image
50 cm 40 cm 72 cm
What is the focal length of the lens?
A 40 cm B 50 cm C 72 cm D 90 cm
2 A parallel beam of light falls on a converging lens.
Which diagram shows what happens to the beam of light?
A B C D
3 A plane mirror is fitted to a wall.
Which statement about the image formed by the mirror is correct?
A The image is real.
B The image is left to right (laterally inverted).
C The image is smaller than the object.
D The image is upside down.
4 The diagram shows a ray of light in air incident on a glass block. Some of the light is refracted,
and some of the light is reflected. Two angles p and q are marked on the diagram.
ray of
light q
air p
glass
Which row gives the angle of incidence and shows whether the ray undergoes total internal
reflection?
angle of total internal
incidence reflection
A p no
B p yes
C q no
D q yes
5 The diagram shows an object in front of a plane mirror.
At which labelled position is the image of the object formed?
B C
A D
plane
mirror
eye
object
6 The diagram shows a ray of light incident on the edge of a piece of glass. The angle i is greater
than the critical angle.
Which arrow shows the direction of the ray after it leaves the edge of the glass?
normal
ray of
D
light
i
glass
air C
A
B
7 Which diagram correctly shows a ray of light reflected by a plane mirror?
A B
ray of 40° 50° ray of 50°
light light
50°
C D
ray of 40° ray of 40°
light light
40° 50°
8 Which diagram shows how the light from a candle is reflected by a mirror, and shows the position
of the image formed?
A B
image of image of
candle candle
candle candle
eye
eye
mirror mirror
C D
candle candle
image of
candle eye
image of eye
candle
mirror mirror
9 Water waves may be used to demonstrate refraction by making them pass into water of a
different depth.
deep water
wave direction shallow water
wavefronts
Why does the water wave change direction as it passes into the shallow water?
A The frequency of the wave decreases.
B The frequency of the wave increases.
C The speed of the wave decreases.
D The speed of the wave increases.
10 The diagram shows a ray of light inside a glass rod. The critical angle for the light in the glass is
42°.
surface of
normal
ray of light glass rod
air
40°
glass rod
Which row shows what happens to the light when it reaches the surface of the glass rod?
11 A sound wave has a certain amplitude and a certain frequency.
A second sound wave is quieter and lower in pitch than the first sound wave.
The second wave has
A a larger amplitude and a greater frequency.
B a larger amplitude and a smaller frequency.
C a smaller amplitude and a greater frequency.
D a smaller amplitude and a smaller frequency.
12 The diagram shows a ray of light travelling in a substance P. The ray reaches a boundary with a
substance Q. Total internal reflection occurs at the boundary.
substance P substance Q
normal
angle X
boundary
ray of
light
Which row contains correct statements about angle X and about the optical density of substance
Q?
angle X substance Q
A smaller than the critical angle less dense than substance P
B smaller than the critical angle more dense than substance P
C greater than the critical angle less dense than substance P
D greater than the critical angle more dense than substance P
13 Which labelled distance is the focal length of the lens?
A B
10
14 A ray of light is reflected by two parallel plane mirrors X and Y.
mirror X
30°
30°
eye
mirror Y
Which statement is correct?
A The angle of incidence at mirror X is 30°.
B The angle of incidence at mirror Y is 60°.
C The angle of reflection at mirror X is 120°.
D The angle of reflection at mirror Y is 0°.
15 Scout P signals to scout Q on the other side of a valley by using a mirror to reflect the Sun’s rays.
Sun’s
scout P rays
mirror
scout Q
Which mirror position would allow the Sun’s rays to be reflected to scout Q?
A B C D
mirror Sun’s Sun’s Sun’s Sun’s
rays rays rays rays
16 A plane mirror is used to form an image of an object.
At which labelled point is the image formed?
object
A
ray of light
B C
plane mirror
D
17 The diagram shows light passing from air into glass.
air glass
NOT TO
SCALE
60°
30°
normal
The glass has a refractive index of 1.5.
What is the angle of refraction in the glass?
A 19° B 22° C 35° D 49°
18 A boy wears a shirt with a letter F on the front. He stands in front of a plane mirror.
mirror
What does he see in the mirror?
A B
19 The diagram shows the image of a clock in a plane mirror.
What time is shown?
A 02:25 B 02:35 C 09:25 D 09:35
20 Which diagram shows how a ray of light could pass through a glass block in air?
A B
glass glass
C D
glass glass
21 Which diagram correctly represents rays of light passing through a converging lens in a camera?
A B
camera camera
object object
image image
lens lens
C D
camera camera
object object
image image
lens lens
22 Light enters a glass block at an angle of incidence of 46°.
The light refracts at an angle of refraction of 26°.
What is the refractive index of the glass?
A 0.57 B 0.61 C 1.64 D 1.77
23 The diagram shows a ray of light passing through a semicircular glass block into air.
air
glass
P
ray of
light
Which row gives the correct name for angle P and states how angle P compares with the critical
angle?
angle P compared with
name of angle P
the critical angle
A angle of incidence larger than the critical angle
B angle of incidence smaller than the critical angle
C angle of refraction larger than the critical angle
D angle of refraction smaller than the critical angle
24 The diagram shows a ray of light travelling from X. Angle P is less than the critical angle.
In which direction does the ray continue?
P
glass A
air
B
D
C
25 The image formed by a plane mirror is upright.
position
object of image
eye
What are the other characteristics of the image?
laterally inverted magnified
virtual
(left to right) (larger than the object)
A no yes yes
B yes no no
C yes no yes
D yes yes no
26 The diagram shows a ray of monochromatic light passing through a semi-circular glass block.
50° ray emerges in air
close to glass
surface
incident reflected
ray glass ray
air
What is the refractive index of the glass?
A 0.64 B 0.77 C 1.31 D 1.56
27 A thin converging lens is used to produce, on a screen, a focused image of a candle.
screen
image
lens
candle
Various focused images are produced on the screen by moving the lens and the screen
backwards and forwards.
Which statement is always correct?
A The image is at the principal focus (focal point) of the lens.
B The image is bigger than the object.
C The image is closer to the lens than the object is.
D The image is inverted.
28 The diagram shows light travelling from air into glass.
Four angles v, w, x and y are shown.
normal
light
w
air v
glass y
Which formula is used to calculate the refractive index n of the glass?
sin v sin v sin w sin w
A n= B n= C n= D n=
sin y sin x sin y sin x
29 The diagram shows a converging lens forming an image of an object.
image object
Y
Which statement about the image is correct?
A It is real and can be seen by an eye at X.
B It is real and can be seen by an eye at Y.
C It is virtual and can be seen by an eye at X.
D It is virtual and can be seen by an eye at Y.
30 The diagram shows an object in front of a plane mirror. The mirror forms an image of the object.
N object
At which labelled point is the image formed, and which type of image is formed?
where the image
type of image
is formed
A at M real
B at M virtual
C at N real
D at N virtual
