Scribd
Upload
146 views2 pages

Anatomy of the Human Eye Explained

The document describes the structure and function of the human eye, detailing the process of vision from light entering the eye to the brain interpreting images. It explains the roles of different parts of the eye, including the lens and photoreceptors (cones and rods), in focusing light and detecting color and brightness. Additionally, it covers the accommodation process, which adjusts the lens shape to focus on objects at varying distances.

Uploaded by

Shashi Dwarkah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
146 views2 pages

Anatomy of the Human Eye Explained

The document describes the structure and function of the human eye, detailing the process of vision from light entering the eye to the brain interpreting images. It explains the roles of different parts of the eye, including the lens and photoreceptors (cones and rods), in focusing light and detecting color and brightness. Additionally, it covers the accommodation process, which adjusts the lens shape to focus on objects at varying distances.

Uploaded by

Shashi Dwarkah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

The human eye

Structure of the eye

Letter Structure Function

O
The human eye

How we see

In order for us to see the following has to happen:

1. Light hits an object


2. Light bounces off the object and enters or eye.
3. It first passes through the conjunctiva, the cornea and the pupils until it hits the lens.
4. The lens bends the light rays to focus it on the retina.
5. When light hits the retina, special cells called photoreceptors turn the light into electrical signals.
6. These electrical signals travel from the retina through the optic nerve to the brain.
7. Then the brain turns the signals into the images you see.

Types of photoreceptors

A photo receptor is a receptor cell that detects light. There are two types:

1. Cones- Detect colour and details (found mainly in fovea)


2. Rods- Detect the brightness of light. (found on all parts of retina except the fovea)

Accommodation

This is the process by which the shape of the lens is changed to focus the light rays coming from
different distances onto the retina. This is facilitated by the suspensory ligaments and the ciliary
muscle.

Focusing on a distant object


o Light rays from a distant object enter eye in a relatively straight line, parallel to each other.
o To focus the light rays on the fovea, they need to be bent slightly.
o The ciliary muscles relax, causing the suspensory ligament to tighten/tense.
o The tightened ligaments pull on the lens, causing it to become thinner.
o A thinner lens bends the light rays slightly to focus on the fovea of the retina

Parallel light rays from distant object

Focusing on a near object


o Light rays from a near object enter eye at a wider angle, diverging from each other.
o To focus the light rays on the fovea, they need to be bent alot.
o The ciliary muscles contract, causing the suspensory ligament to slacken.
o The slacken ligaments release the lens, causing it to become thicker/bulged.
o A thicker/bulged lens bends the light rays to focus on the fovea of the retina

You might also like