INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES INVOLVED IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT:
1. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
It is a specialized agency of the United Nations. It is a non-profitable, non-political and the
biggest organization. It was established by an international conference, convened by the
110. Authors - Prof: Prakash K. Mokal &Adv. Ishwarlal Ag
United Nations Economic and Social Council to explore the possibility to have a
health origination. This conference adopted the constitution of the
Organization, which came into force on 7h April and is observed as World
World Healsinglteh
every year.
Health Day'
It consists of the World Health Assembly, the Executive Board and the Secretariat p..
member state of the World has the right of representation at the Assembly. The
Assembly
usually meets annually at its Headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. The Executive Board
consists of 24 members. The members are nominated by each country elected by be
World Health Assembly. They are technically qualified health experts. Secretariati
composed of technically qualified and administrative staff headed by a Director General
For administration purposes WHO has divided the whole world intosixX regions -
1. Africa with regional Headquarters at Brazzaville;
2. South-east Asia with regional office at New Delhi:
3. Europe (Regional Office at Copenhagen);
4. East Mediterranean Region (Regional Office at Alexandria);
5. Westerm Pacific Countries (Regional Office at Manila):
6. America's (Regional Office at Washington). The Pan America Sanitary Bureau serves
as the regional office of WHO for the America.
It holds annual meetings and special sessions at which health problems were discussed. It
functions through expert committees from the 43 panels of experts. Such committees are:.
1. Matenity and Child Welfare Committee.
2. Tuberculosis committee.
3. Malaria Çommittee.s
4. Venereal Disease Committee.
5. Quarantine Committee.
6. Atomic Energy Committee.
7. Nutritional and environmental Sanitation Committee, etc.,
The Committees meet and discuss the particular problems and advice the Director General.
OBJECTIVES:
The objective of WHO as envisaged in its Constitution is "The attainment of the highes!
possible level of health of all people".
FUNCTIONS :
1. It tries to promote health and to prevent the outbreak of disease.
2. It helps the member countries to improve and strengthen their Health services.
3. It helps to plan and coordinate the efforts of the member countries to eradicate disease
such as,
a. Malaria.
b. Tuberculosis.
111, Authors - Prof, Prakash K. Mokal &Ad. Islhwarlal Agarwal.
e. Veneral disease.
d. Viruses.
e. Parasitic disease.
A It works with
member
countries and health organizations:
a. Tocollect information ofepidemics.
b. Todevelop
international quarantine regulation.
C. To standardize medical drugs,
vaccines and treatment.
5. It assists the Governments to
a. Matemal and child health.
eradicate diseases and promote:
b. Mental Health.
c. Medical research.
d. Prevention of accidents.
6. It helps Govermments to improve standard of teaching and training in the healthn
profession.
7. It also Governments to improve:
a. Nutrition.
b. Housing.
C. Sanitation.
d. Working conditions and other aspects of environmental health.
8. It sends international aid to countries devastated by natural disaster such as flood,
earthquakes and tornadoes, etc.
9. It helps the Government to prevent, control and cure serious tropical diseases, for
example, leprosy, Yaws trachoma and iolhaziasis.
10. It also works for the peaceful uses of atomic energy in diagnosis and treatment of
diseases.
11. It als0 provides ways and means for protection against radiation and the safe disposal
of radioactive wastes.
12. It also has research programmer for non communicable disease such as cardio-vascular
and cancer.
2. UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN'S EMERGENCY FUND (UNICEF):
It was established by the United Nations General Assembly on 11h December, 1946, and
named as United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund. It is not specialized
agency. It reports to the Economic and Social Council and to the General Assembly. In
1935, the General Assembly renamed it as the United Nations Children's Fund but the
abbreviations remain the same: Its headquarters is at New York.
Health. 1956.
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It endures that the help and assistance provided by it or through it or by its request,
not be used to farther any
military purpose.
C. It gives advice and technical assistance to members Governments on the following : (1)
Nuclear power development: (i) Health and safety; (ii) RadioacUive wast
management; (1v) Use of radiation and radioisotopes in medicine agricultural industry
and hydrology.
D. It provides fellowship and scholarship for research. Its Headquarter is at Vienna
(Austria).
4. INTERNATIONAL LABOUR, ORGANIZATION (LO):
It was established as an autonomous part, of the League of Nations in 1919. The (United
Nations, Organization recognized ILO as a specialized Agency in 1946.
It consists of the International Labor Conference the Governing body and the International
Labor Office. It is 'an inter-Governmental agency in which representative of Governmental,
employers and employees take part to recommend minimum standards with regard to:
a. Wage.
b. Duration of work.
c. Condition of work.
d. Social security programmers.
e. Industrial safety.
f. Freedom of association.
g. Its Headquarters is at Geneva Switzerland.
5. FOOD & AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATION (FAQ) :
It was established on 16the October, 1945. It was planned by an Interim Commission in
July 1943. The Commission was set up by the United Nations conference. The 'work of
FAO iscarried out by aInternational staff headed by aDirectorGgeneral. Its Headquarter
is at Rome, Italy.
It helps the nations in their programme to increase and improve -
a. The efficiency of agriculture.
b. Forestry and fisheries.
c. The condition of the workers, working agriculture forestry and fisheries.
It continuously reviews the conditions of food and agriculture of the world. It controls the
world food programme with the UN. It uses the supply of the food pledged by members of
UNO and FAOfor,
a. Paying workers on development programmes.
b. Assisting institutional feeding programme for mothers, children and students.
6. COLOMBO PLAN:
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115. Authors -Prof. Prakash K. Mokal &Adv. Ishwarlal Agarwas
a. To uplift Health programmes.
b. To prevent disease.
c. Tolesson human suffering.
Red Cross supplies vitamin, clothes, newspapers, food blankets and other necessary
articles during war and disasters, such as
famine, carthquakes, floods, cyclones etc.
There is Junior Red Cross which are taught to perform activates like village upnil,
immunization, Sanitation of rural area etc.
10.FORD FOUNDATION :
Ford foundation is an International agency, It was established by Heavy ford in 1956. 1t
provides orientation training courses at various centers to people engage in medical work.
It helps in research programme in environmental sanitation and Health projects´ in the
village. It has helped the programme for water supplies and drainage system in West
Bengal (Calcutta).
It helps supporting research in family planning programme of
India.
