NAME – Medha Jha

ENROLLMENT NUMBER – A13054323018

COURSE – Msc in geoinformatics and remote sensing
PROJECT - Morphometric based prioritization of watershed for
groundwater potential of Mula river basin, Maharashtra, India

SUMMARY
In today’s week I will be using Strahler method of stream
ordering of mula river basin the data used by me is DEM data of
mula
River basin of 30m resolution downloaded from usgs earth
explorer

ABOUT THE PLACE

The study is conducted on Mula River Basin of Pune district
covering an area of 1294.70 km2. It is east flowing river located on
western ghat. The study area lies between 18°34′ and 18°33′ N
latitude and 73°49′ E and74°20′ E longitude. The river Mula is one of
the sub tributary of Bhima on the Deccan Plateau. The drainage
pattern of Mula River is dendritic. Pune district has a hot semi arid
climate bordering with tropical wet and dry (Aw) with average
temperature ranging between 19 and 33 °C. The annual precipitation
of Pune district is 722 mm which occurs mainly in monsoon season
(June to September) and July is the wettest month of the year. The
major crops found in this area is Jowar, wheat, bajra, sugarcane, rice,
soybean, onion ,groundnut, vegetables, turmeric, grape,
pomegranate etc
ABOUT THE METHODOLOGY
Stream ordering is a linear aspect of morphometric analysis.
Here in my project I have used the Strahler method of stream
ordering
The Strahler method of stream ordering classifies streams in a
drainage network based on the joining of streams of the same order,
assigning the smallest, unbranched streams as first-order and
increasing the order when two streams of the same order merge.
Here's a more detailed explanation:
 First-Order Streams:
The smallest, unbranched streams, also known as headwater
streams, are designated as first-order streams.
 Stream Order Increase:
When two streams of the same order (e.g., two first-order
streams) join, the resulting stream is assigned an order one level
higher (e.g., second-order).
 No Order Increase with Different Orders:
If streams of different orders join, the resulting stream retains
the order of the higher-order stream, and the order does not
increase.
 Example:
 Two first-order streams join to form a second-order
stream.
 Two second-order streams join to form a third-order
stream.
  A first-order stream joins a second-order stream, the
downstream stream remains a second-order stream.
 Significance:
Stream order is a valuable tool in geomorphology and
hydrology, as it correlates with other basin parameters like drainage
area and channel length.
STEPS INVOLED IN STREAM ORDERING(STRAHLER)
1. First open Arcgis , add the dem data
2. After adding the dem data go to project to raster option and
select the desired UTM zone
3. After the projection of the dem data is done go to fill
option to remove the imperfections
4. After fill is done go to flow direction option
5. After flow direction is done now go basin option
6. Once he basin is creates now we will have to clip the desired
basin
7. For that first we will go to raster to polygon option, after
the basin is converted into polygon
8. Then we will select the desired basin
9. After the basin is selected now we will right click under
Raster_basin go to data export data and save the basin
shapefile
10 now we will go to data management tool – raster – raster
processing-clip In the input raster we will select flow direction
and in the output extent we will we select the clipped basin
11 after this now we will go to flow accumulation option under
hydrology in spatial analyst toolbox
12 after flow accumulation is done now we will use conditional
tool under spatial analyst toolbox select con after that
In input conditional raster we will choose flow accumulation
and in expression we put VALUE > 500
13 After this now we will go to stream order under hydrology
option for the input stream raster we will use the
Conditional raster
14 now we will do stream to feature, right click go to properties
– symbology – in the value field we choose grid code – add to
field
And we can see the stream order of the basin
15 after that we will create map of the basin , the method has
already been discussed by me in the previous weeks
 This is the output of my work done by me during this week
INTERPRETATION
Stream ordering is the first step taken in any drainage basin
analysis. In this work ranking of streams has beencarried out
based on the method proposed by Strahler(1964). The Mula
River is VIth order.
 This indicates that the river basin has a dendritic drainage
pattern indicating a relatively uniform topography and efficient
drainage.
 Relief and Erosion:
 The presence of higher-order streams can also indicate a basin
with a significant relief (difference in elevation), which can lead
to steeper slopes and increased potential for soil erosion.
 Infiltration and Runoff:
 The drainage pattern and slope characteristics influence how
water infiltrates into the soil and how much runoff occurs.
Steeper slopes and less permeable soils might lead to more
runoff and less infiltration, potentially impacting soil health.