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Herbal Drug Technology: Quick Revision Guide

The document provides a quick revision guide on herbal drug technology, focusing on quantitative and qualitative phytochemical screening, as well as thin layer chromatography (TLC). It includes key questions and answers about the importance of phytochemical screening, methods for estimating various compounds, and the principles behind different tests. Additionally, it explains the use of TLC for separating components based on polarity and mobility.

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Aditya Thakkar
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141 views3 pages

Herbal Drug Technology: Quick Revision Guide

The document provides a quick revision guide on herbal drug technology, focusing on quantitative and qualitative phytochemical screening, as well as thin layer chromatography (TLC). It includes key questions and answers about the importance of phytochemical screening, methods for estimating various compounds, and the principles behind different tests. Additionally, it explains the use of TLC for separating components based on polarity and mobility.

Uploaded by

Aditya Thakkar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Herbal Drug Technology - Viva Quick Revision

Quantitative Phytochemical Screening - Viva Q&A

Q: Why is quantitative phytochemical screening important?

A: To estimate the exact amount of bioactive constituents responsible for therapeutic effects and ensure

standardization and quality control.

Q: Which reagent is used for total phenol estimation?

A: Folin-Ciocalteu reagent.

Q: What is the principle of alkaloid estimation?

A: Precipitation of alkaloids with ammonia after acid extraction and gravimetric determination.

Q: Which standard is used for flavonoid estimation?

A: Quercetin.

Q: What is the significance of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)?

A: It is a reference standard used to quantify phenolic content in terms of gallic acid concentration.

Qualitative Phytochemical Screening - Viva Q&A

Q: What is the purpose of phytochemical screening?

A: To detect the presence of bioactive chemical groups responsible for the pharmacological activity of the

plant.

Q: What are primary vs secondary metabolites?

A: Primary metabolites: Essential for plant growth (e.g., sugars, amino acids). Secondary metabolites:
Herbal Drug Technology - Viva Quick Revision

Bioactive compounds (e.g., alkaloids, flavonoids).

Q: Which test is used to detect flavonoids?

A: Shinoda test and Alkaline reagent test.

Q: What indicates the presence of tannins?

A: Blue-black or green coloration with ferric chloride.

Q: What is the principle of the foam test?

A: Saponins reduce surface tension, producing persistent foam when shaken with water.

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) - Viva Q&A

Q: What is TLC?

A: TLC is a chromatographic technique used to separate and identify components in a mixture based on

polarity and mobility.

Q: What is an Rf value?

A: The Retention factor (Rf) is the ratio of distance travelled by the compound to that of the solvent front.

Q: Why is silica gel used?

A: Silica gel is polar and porous, making it ideal for separating a wide range of compounds based on polarity.

Q: Why is a UV chamber used?

A: Many phytochemicals are fluorescent or UV-active and become visible under UV light (254 or 366 nm).
Herbal Drug Technology - Viva Quick Revision

Q: What is the purpose of the mobile phase?

A: The mobile phase (solvent system) carries the components up the TLC plate based on solubility and

polarity.

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