BIOLOGY

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 TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………...
Acknowledgement.…………………………………………………………………………………
Examination 1 ……………………………………………………………………………………...
Examination 2 ……………………………………………………………………………………...
Examination 3 ……………………………………………………………………………………...
Examination 4 ……………………………………………………………………………………...
Examination 5 ……………………………………………………………………………………...
Examination 6 ……………………………………………………………………………………...
Examination 7 ……………………………………………………………………………………...
Examination 8 ……………………………………………………………………………………..
Examination 9 ……………………………………………………………………………………..
Examination 10..…………………………………………………………………………………..
Examination 11..………………………………………………………………………… ……….
Examination 12..………………………………………………………………………… ………..
Answers of examination 1 .………………………………………………………………………..
Answers of examination 2 .………………………………………………………………………..
Answers of examination 3 .…………………………………………………………… ………….
Answers of examination 4 .…………………………………………………………… ………….
Answers of examination 5 .…………………………………………………………… …………..
Answers of examination 6 .…………………………………………………………… …………..
Answers of examination 7 .…………………………………………………………… …………
Answers of examination 8 .…………………………………………………………… …………
Answers of examination 9 .…………………………………………………………… …………
Answers of examination 10.…………………………………………………………… …………
Answers of examination 11.…………………………………………………………… …………
Answers of examination 12.…………………………………………………………… ………….
 INTRODUCTION

This paper consists of biology series of examinations (for form four students). All exams have

been composed based on the current recommend format from National Examination Council of

Tanzania (NECTA) for the year of 2022. Some exams have been collected and reorganized from

regional mock exams conducted in the year of 2020 and 2021.

The paper Aim to exposure students to variety of questions and how to attempt questions

properly. Also, will help students to adapt new format as recommended by NECTA toward their

final examination.

Not only students but also teachers can use it as teaching and learning material during their

teachings.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, we would like to praise and thank God, the Almighty, who has granted

countless blessing, knowledge, and opportunity to the Tzshule Team, so that we have been

finally able to accomplish the work.

Secondly, we would like to thank CEO & Founder of Tzshule (Mr. George Ramadhani ) for

not giving up on his dream of developing and providing educational materials electronically

throughout the country.

We'd also like to thank all Tzshule Users for your support and positive feedback, since it

motivates and encourage us to do more and more in developing educational materials.

- GOD MAY BLESS YOU ALL -

©Tzshule - 2022 “Learn & Achieve”

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Our motto:

“Quality education, for future Generation”

 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
FORM FOUR EXAMINATION - SERIES 01

BIOLOGY- 2022
INSTRUCTIONS TIME: 03HRS

1. This paper consists of three sections, A, B, and C.

2. Answer all questions in section A and B, and two questions in section c. Question
number 13 is compulsory.
3. All drawings must be in pencil and writings must be in black or blue pen.
4. Cellular phones, smart watches and all unrequired materials are not allowed in
examination room.

SECTION A (15 MARKS)

1. In question i – x select the best answer among the given alternatives and write its letter in the
space provided.
(i) Students at Kazamwendo secondary were educated about risk behaviors that must be
abstained. Among the behaviors to be abstained were;
A. Alcoholism and patience
B. Unsafe sexual intercourse and exercising
C. Raping and alcoholism
D. Sharing books during studying and exercising

(ii) In performing food test experiment, after mixing food sample solution, sodium hydroxide
and copper II sulphate, the color of the mixture turned to purple. This implies;
A. protein present
B. starch present
C. lipids present
D. reducing sugar present

(iii) When the sugar is completely oxidized in the cell, it is called;

A. aerobic respiration
B. breathing
C. anaerobic respiration
d. respiration
(iv) In a garden of peas, a gardener observed the seedlings with its cotyledons on the ground.
Those seedlings undergo;
A. hypogeal germination
B. epigeal germination
C. cotyledon germination
D. positive growth
(v) In order to avoid dislocation during movement, two bones are held together by strong tissues
which are known as;
A. muscles
B. tendons
C. cartilage
D. ligaments

(vi) Among the given alternatives one is not correct about growth in mammals;
A. it is irreversible
B. involves increase in complexity
C. broken organs can regenerate
D. enables mammals to adapt their environment

(vii) A person who suffers from night blindness is likely to be lacking………….

A. vitamin C
B. vitamin A
C. vitamin B12
D. vitamin D

(viii) Chickens and dogs have the ability to maintain constantly body temperature. They are
described as
A. homeotherms
B. poikilotherms
C. ectotherms
D. regulators

(ix) When students were doing private study at night, light went off suddenly. Which of the
following change occurred in the eyes of the students?
A. the lens become thicker
B. the eye opened wider
C. the iris enlarged
D. the pupil enlarged
(x) During any mitotic division …………… number of cells is expected to be produced
A. four
B. one
C. two
D. three
2. Match the items in list A with their corresponding in list B by writing the letter of correct
answer against the number of item.
LIST A LIST B
(i) nucleus A: site for respiration
(ii) mitochondria B: site for transpiration
(iii) chloroplast C: place where cell organelles are suspended
(iv) cell membrane D: controls all activities of the cell
(v) cytoplasm E: site for photosynthesis
F: allows some substances to enter the cell
G: allows all substances to enter the cell

SECTION B (60 MARKS)

3. Some chemicals used in biological experiments are very dangerous and harmful. In what ways
the following substances are harmful?
(i) Biohazards
(ii) Radioactive substances
(iii) Toxic substances
(iv) Corrosive substances
(v) Highly flammable substances
(vi) Oxidizing agents

4. Around the school farm there were two kinds of flowers classified as group A and group B.
Group A flowers attract insects so much and group B were not. The two kinds undergo different
type of pollination.
(a) Identify the type of pollination favorable for group A and B
(b) Differentiate flowers in group A from those in group B. (4 points)

5. At a certain birthday party, people were drinking soda and eating cakes. Expectedly, their blood
sugar levels were high. Explain the mechanisms taken by their bodies to regulate high and low
blood sugar levels.

6. In order for organism to grow well, there must be a particular kind of cell division
(a) Identify and give meaning of the kind of cell division responsible for growth
(b) How is the kind in 6 (a) above significant? 4 points.

7. For gaseous exchange to be effective, respiratory surfaces must possess some special features
to make the process successful. Identify any four adaptive features of the respiratory surface that
enable gaseous exchange to be effective.
8. During classification period, form three students classified maize and beans in two separate
classes.
(a) Identify the classes maize and beans were classified to.
(b) Point out four benefits of the plants above
9. When form one pupils visited biology laboratory, they found out different equipment which
were not familiar to them. As a form four student explain to them the role of the following
equipment
(i) Mortar and pestle
(ii) Glass watch
(iii) Hand lens
(iv) Measuring cylinder
(v) Test tube
(vi) Test tube holder

10. Blood circulation is essential for any mammal in everyday life. How is blood circulation
important to a mammal body? (04 points).

11. in a certain ecosystem there were the following organisms; lizard, grasshopper, hibiscus plants,
mushrooms, frog, butterfly and bee.
(a) Construct a food web using those organisms.
(b) From the food web identify
(i) Secondary consumers
(ii) Decomposers

12. How the study of biology is important in our daily life? (4points)

SECTION C (25 MARKS)

Answer two questions from this section. Question 13 is compulsory.

13. In a certain village, people were suffering much from waterborne diseases which affected their
digestive systems. As a biologist you are required to educate them on the diseases basing on the
following;
(i) Meaning of waterborne diseases
(ii) Two examples of waterborne diseases affecting the digestive system
(iii) Common symptoms of the diseases
(iv) Preventive and control measures of the diseases.

14. Explain three advantages and two disadvantages of transpiration process in plants.

15. As classification is one of the topics of interest in Biology, explain it relying on the following
(i) Meaning
(ii) Types
(iii) Importance.
 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
FORM FOUR EXAMINATION - SERIES 02
BIOLOGY- 2022
TIME: 3:00 Hours

Instructions
1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of fifteen (15) questions.
2. Answer all questions in section A and B and any two (2) questions from section C, of
which question 13 is compulsory.
3. Section A carries fifteen (15) marks, section B sixty (60) marks and section C carries
twenty five (25) marks.
4. All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams that must be drawn in
pencil.
5. Cellular phones and any other unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination
room.

SECTION A (15 marks)

Answer all questions in this section.
1. For each of the items (i)-(x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and
write its letter beside the item number in the answer sheet provided.
(i) Which among the following is not an infection and disease of the respiratory system?
A. Asthma B .Bronchitis C. Pneumonia D. Emphysema E. Luekaemia.
(ii) What among of the following conditions or factors can be changed or change in an
Experiment?
A. Problems B. Hypothesis C. Conclusion D. Variables E. Observations
(iii) One of the following is the similarity between Division Coniferophyta and Division
Angiospermophyta
A. They reproduce sexually by seeds C .They have cones
B. They are wind pollinated D. They have seeds with cotyledons
E. They produce flowers
(iv)Eating a lot then forcefully removing the food from the body immediately is known as?
A. Obesity B Marasmus C Bulimia nervosa D Kwashakor E Rickets
(v) Magesa started salivating as he saw peeled half ripe mango with topping of red chilli
powder. What part of the brain is concerned with Magesa’s salivation.

A Hypothalamus B. Medulla oblongata C cerebellum D Cerebrum

E. Cerebral hemisphere
 (vi) The outermost floral part of a flower is called
A Petal B Sepal C Stamen D Receptacle E Stalk
(vii) When giving First Aid to a snakebite victim you should not
A Cut the wound B Calm them down C Remove jewellery from the bitten limb
(D) Lower the bitten area. (E) Wash the wound.
(viii) Which theory suggests that life arose from the evolution of simple organic
molecules into more complex ones and their ultimate evolution into cells.
(A) Spontaneous generation theory (B) Cosmozian theory
(C) Special creation theory (D) Organic evolution theor
(E) Steady state theory
(ix) Juma has blood group O. therefore Juma has an antigen
(A) B (B) A and B (C) A (D) He has no antigen (E) He has no antibody
(x) The following are typical parts of eukaryotic cell except.
(A) Cytoplasm (B) Cell membrane (C) Nucleus (D) Cilia (E) Mitochondria.

2. Match the items in List A with the responses in List B by writing the letter of the correct
response beside the item number in the answer sheet provided:

LIST A LIST B
i.Allows air to get in and out of the middle ear A. Pinna
ii.Transmit vibrations of sound from the eardrum to the oval B. Auditory canal
window. C. Eardrum
iii.Vibrates and transmits the sound vibrations to the ear D. Ossicles
ossicles. E. Eustachian
iv.Collects, concentrates and directs sound waves into the F. Cochlea
auditory canal. G. Semi circular canals
v.Directs sound waves to the eardrum, H. Sebum

SECTION B (60 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section
3. (a)Give the meaning of the following terms as used in Biology
i) Osmosis
ii) Double blood circulation
b) i) State any two components of the vascular system
ii) Name two features of the red blood cells
4(a) i) what do you understand by term respiration?
ii) State two types of respiration
b) Outline any four (4) adaptations of the respiratory surfaces
5(a) State any four (4) laboratory safety rules
b) Briefly explain why we need laboratory rules. ( any two points)

6. Study carefully the following food web taken from a part of Serengeti National park, then
answer the questions that follow:

Bacteria

Hyena

Lion Gazelle

Zebra

Grass Shrubs

(a) What will happen if bacteria will be eliminated from the food web?
(b) Name the organisms from the food web which form the third trophic level
(c) Point out the organisms which form the group of secondary consumers.
(d) Extract four food chains from the above food web.
7. (a) (i) Define the term mitosis

(ii) Outline the significance of mitosis to organisms

(b) Define the following terms and give an example of an organism where each takes place
(i) Complete metamorphosis
(ii) Incomplete metemorphosis
(iii) Ecdysis
8. (a) A pure line pea plant which produces axial flowers was selfed with a pure line plant
which produces terminal flowers. All the F1 plants produced had axial flowers. When the
axial flowers were selfed they gave out 312 plants with axial flowers and 104 plants with
terminal flowers.
(i) Which character was dominant? Give reason(s)
 (ii) Show how the axial flowered plants were obtained in the first cross
(iii) Show how the two phenotype of plants were obtained in the second cross
(iv) In F2 offspring how many were homozygous axial flowered?
(b) What is incomplete dominance?
9. a) Define the term Organic Evolution
b) List down any three (3) theories of origin of life.
c) Name two theories that support Organic Evolution

10. (a) List down the major groups of living things

b) Identify the group in which each of the following organisms belongs;
i) Mushroom ii) bed bug iii) liverwort iv) Earthworm v) Amoeba (vi) Bacteria
vii. Maize

11. (a) Give four ways which people can use to minimize complications of the pregnancies.
(b) Mention two causes of infertility in human.
12. (a) What is homeostasis?
(b) Briefly explain how vertebrates overcome the problem of being overheated.
SECTION C (25 marks)
Answer two (2) from this section, question 13 is compulsory.
13. As a Health Prefect, prepare a morning speech to address to your fellow students at the parade,
about how to keep themselves and the environment clean. Considering the following guidelines;
• Meaning of personal hygiene
• Importance of personal hygiene (any two)
• Principles of personal hygiene (any six)
• Items necessary for personal hygiene (any eight)

14. With the aid of a diagram, identify and label the main parts of the alimentary canal.
15. a) A form two students wanted to test proteins, lipids and starch present in a given food sample
solution, but they did not know how to go about. As a form four student, help these students how to
carry out this experiment by filling the necessary information in a table form as shown below:

Food tested Procedure Observation Inference

b) In addition to the food substances named in 15 (a), list down the missing components for a
balanced diet.
 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
FORM FOUR EXAMINATION - SERIES 03
BIOLOGY- 2022
TIME: 3:00 Hours

INSTRUCTIONS
1) This paper consists of section A, B and C
2) Answer all questions in section A and B and only Two (2) questions from section C
3) All writtings should be in blue or black Ink pen excepts for diagrams that must be drawn
in a pencil
4) Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room
5) Write your Examination number (index number) on every page of your answers booklets
provided
SECTION A {15 Marks}
Answer all questions in this section
1. For each of the following items (i – x) choose the correct answer from among the given
alternatives and write its letter besides the item number in the answer booklet(s)
provided.
i. Which of the following diet should be added to the diet of lactating mother:
A. Groundnuts C. Cassava
B. Fish D. Orange

ii. The functional unit of the Kidney is:

A. Ureter C. Urinary blader
B. Glomerulus D. Nephrone

iii. A communicable disease which effects large number of people in a short period
of time in a given locality is referred as:
A. Epidemic C. Sporadic
B. Endemic D. Pandemic

iv. The movement of bulk fluid materials along a vessel or tube is termed as;
A. Osmosis
B. Diffusion
C. Mass flow
D. Transport
 v. A respiratory surface in fish is called
A. Gills
B. Fins
C. Operculum
D. Spiracle

vi. The by-products in photosynthesis process are referred as

A. Oxygen and water
B. Carbohydrate and carbondioxide
C. Carbohydrate and water
D. Carbondioxide and oxygen

vii. A term describes the organisms with similar nutritional habit is known as
A. Community
B. Food chain
C. Trophic level
D. Food web

viii. A structure which encloses and protects the inner parts of a cell is called
A. Cell wall
B. Cell membrane
C. Nucleus
D. Chloroplasts
a
ix. A blood vessel which conveys oxygenated blood towards the heart is called:
A. Artery
B. Vein
C. Pulmonary artery
D. Pulmonary vein
x. A carpel of a flower consists of:
A. Anther and style
B. Style, stigma and ovary
C. Stigma and ovary
D. Style and ovary

2. Match the items in List A by choosing the correct answer form List B and write by
writing the corresponding letter in box provided
LIST A LIST B
i. Growth which occurs when the rate of cell A. Apical meristem
increase is higher than the cell loss B. Lateral meristem
ii. The type for cell division which results into C. Epigeal germination
two daughter cells D. Hypogeal germination
iii. The kind of seed germination in which the E. Meiosis
cotyledons emerge from the ground F. Mitosis
iv. The ability of seed to germinate G. Seed dormancy
v. Cause the increase in length and height of H. Seed viability
roots and shoots I. Positive growth
J. Negative growth
 SECTION B (60 Marks)
Answer all questions
3. (a) Define the term “First Aid” and “First Aid Kit”

(b) i/ List four importance of first Aid

ii/ Briefly explain how to render first aid to a snake biten victim (four points)

4. (a) What do you understand by the term “Gaseous Exchange”

(b) i/ List organs responsible for gaseous exchange in the following organisms;

S/N Organism Respiratory organ

i. Amoeba
ii. Grasshopper
iii. Toad pole
iv. Tilapia
v. Plant

ii/ Explain three factors affecting the rate of respiration

5. (a) i/ Define the term Excretion

ii/ List three importance of excretion in mammals

(b) Explain why form three students at KIGHARE SECONDARY SCHOOL there in
Usangi they have frequently Urination during morning class session.

6. (a) Differentiate between Meiosis from Mitosis. (Any two points)

(b) Briefly explain the terms “Responsible sexual behaviour” and “Irresponsible
sexual beahviour” with any two example for each

7. (a) Define the following biological terms

i. Reflex action
ii. Reflex arc

(b) Use the flow diagram to describe neurotic pathway of reflex action

8. (a) i/ Give the meaning of term “Waste”

ii/ State three basic principle of waste disposal

(b) Outline four effects of poor waste disposal

 9. 400 rose plants with red petals with some white spots were crossed with same plants
species having red petals with some white spots. A first filial generation led the
following phenotypic proportions, 290 plants with red petals, 110 plants with red
petals with some spots.
i. Use property defined genetic symbols to show all crosses that lead to
the following of above plants and write simplified ration for the plants
ii. What is the genotypic ratio of first filial generation
10. (a) List five general characteristics of Kingdom Animalia

(b) Place the following Organisms to their respective classes

Organism Class
i. Earthworm ……………………………………………………
ii. Bean plant ……………………………………………………
iii. Cockroach ……………………………………………………
iv. Millipede ……………………………………………………
v. Ostrich ……………………………………………………
vi. Rat ……………………………………………………
vii. Tapeworm
……………………………………………………

11. Explain the Mechanism of blood sugar regulation in mammals

12. (a) Differentiate between Digestion and Egestion

(b) Explain how ileum in human alimentary canal is adapted to its mode of function
(five points)

SECTION C (25 Marks)

Answer two questions form this section. Question 13 is compulsory.
13. Majority of people believe that all bacteria are harmful organisms. As a biologist
explain how bacteria are beneficial and harm to human beings (15 marks)

14. Living organisms are reproducing day after day but it seems the population of various
organisms remains constant. By using ideas of Darwin theory. Discuss (10 marks)

15. Write an essay about COVID – 19 using the following guidelines

- Causes
- Mode of transmission
- Signs and symptoms
- Effects
- Prevention measures
******************************************************************************
 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
FORM FOUR EXAMINATION - SERIES 04
BIOLOGY- 2022
TIME: 3:00 Hours

INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consists of section A, B and C with total of fifteen (15) questions.
2. Answer all questions in section A, B and two (2) questions from section C of which question
13 is compulsory.
3. All writings should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams that must be in pencil.
4. Be neat and maintain good hand writing.

SECTION A (15 Marks) Answer all questions from this section

1. For each of the item (i) – (x) choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives
and write its letter beside the item number in the answer sheet provided.
i. strong tissue that holds muscles to bones at the joints is
A. Ligament B. Cartilage C. Connective tissue D. Tendons

ii. Which of the following organisms belong to phylum ascomycota

A. Bread mould C. Mushroom
B. Yeast D. Toad stool
iii. By which process does carbon dioxide pass from blood to alveoli of the lungs
A. Osmosis B . Diffusion C. Transpiration D. Respiration
iv. In which category the malpighian layer of mammalian skin is plastic?
A. System B. Cell C. Tissue D. Organ
v. After period of vigorous activity you would except blood leaving a muscle to have
A. More carbon dioxide, more oxygen and more glucose
B. Less carbon dioxide, less oxygen and less glucose
C. More carbon dioxide, less oxygen and less glucose
D. More carbon dioxide, less oxygen and more glucose
vi. Predict what will happen if the plant lack nitrogen
A. Leaves will turn to yellow
B. Leaves will turn to blue
C. Leaves will turn to purple
D. Leaves will turn to brown
vii. The statement that will summarize what a scientist has learnt from the experiment
A. Problem identification C. Hypothesis
B. Conclusion D. Data interpretation
viii. A part of microscope which allow the observer to move the microscope tube up
and down by tiny amounts to change the focus and see specimen clearly
A. Rotating nosepiece C. Focusing knobs
B. Eye piece lens D. Objective lens
ix. Calculate the data of ovulation in a menstrual cycle of 28 days if menstruation occurs
on day 9th to 13th of a month.

A. 18th C. 28th

B. 20th D. 22nd
x. A term which best described a condition of a plant cell that has lost too much water is
A. Haemolysis C. Crenation
B. Turgidity D. Plasmolysis
2. Match the responses in list B with the phrases in list A by writing the letter of the correct
responses from list B beside the item number.

LIST A LIST B
i. Renal vein A. Tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder
ii. Renal artery B. Tube that carry urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
C. Stores the urine temporary
iii. Ureter D. Collects urine from all the collecting ducts
E. Take blood away from the kidney
iv. Urethra F. Brings blood containing waste products to the kidney.
v. Urinary bladder

SECTION B (60 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section

3. (a) Give the meaning of the term “laboratory”

(b) With the aid of diagram, briefly describe the following warning signs.
(i) Biohazard

(ii) Toxic
(iii) Flammable
 4. Study the food web and answer the questions which follow

a) From the diagram name (i) two primary consumer and (ii) Secondary consumer
b) Construct, using the food web above, one food chain, with four links’
c) Explain why every food chain must begin with green plant.
d) If all the owls were killed, what would happen to the size of the populations of
earthworms.

5. (a) Give one function for each component found in gastric juice
(b) How does ileum adapted to its role (02 points)
6. (a) Give the name of muscles which are found above and below humurus.
(b) Explain what happen to the muscles when

i. The arm is bending

ii. The arm is straight
(c) what are the adaptations of the muscle to its functions.
7. (a) Differentiate between simple reflex action and conditioned reflex action. (4 points)
(b) Why we cannot “test” food well when suffering from cold?
8. Ngosha on his way to school came across a lion on the path coming right towards him. In
no time she found herself up a tree.
i. What give him the ability to climb the three so quickly?
ii. Identify the different process that went on in his body during this incidence. (only3)
9. (a) What is “germination” and A seed”
 (b) There how many types of germination and what are they?
(c) What are the changes which occurs during seed germination.
10.(a) Use the word “hormozygous”, “heterozygous”, “dormant” and “recessive”
(where suitable) to describe the following gene combination
(i) Bb (ii) BB (iii) bb
(b) A married couple has four girls children but no boys. Does this mean that the husband
produces x – chromosomes only?. Show how the father is the determinant of the sex of the child.
11.(a) What is binomial nomenclature
(b) Give any three (3) rules followed in naming organisms scientifically. (c) List two (2)
advantages of giving scientific names to an organism.
12.Briefly explain the mechanism that helps mammals to control their body temperature in
their environment. (4 points)

SECTION C (25 marks)

Answer two (2) questions from this section. Question 13 is compulsory.
13.Why are mothers advised to breast feed their babies instead of using bottle feeding or cup
feeding from powder or liquid milk? (6 points)
14.Briefly explain the mechanism of breathing in human beings.
15.(a) Give the long term of STLs, STDs, HIV and AIDS.
(b) Explain the risky situation, behaviour and practice which lead to the disease listed
above.

****************************************************************************
 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
FORM FOUR EXAMINATION - SERIES 05
BIOLOGY- 2022
TIME: 3:00 Hours

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of section A, B and C with total of fifteen (15) questions
2. Answer all questions in Section A and B and TWO (2) questions from section C
3. Except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil, all your work must be neatly written in blue or
black ink
4. Write your Name on every page of your answer booklet(s)

SECTION A (15 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section

1. For each of the items (i)-(x), choose the correct answer among the given alternatives and write its
letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided
(i) Which is NOT a type of sense?
(A) Taste (B) Smell (C) Testes (D) Touch (E) Sound
(ii) ………… waste is in the form of liquid or in watery state
(A) Sludge Waste (B) Urine (C) Liquid Waste (D) Gaseous Waste
(E) Mud Water
(iii) The villi in the small intestine ………………
(A) Increase surface area for digestion (B) Increase surface area for absorption of food nutrients
(C) Have no function (D)Secrete digestive enzymes (E)Reduce diffusion distance of food nutrients

(iv) A blood group B― Patient hospitalized for blood deficiency can only receive blood from two
possible donors
(A) 𝐵− or 𝑂+ (B) 𝐴− or 𝑂+ (C) 𝐵− 𝑜𝑟 𝑂 −
(D) 𝐵+ or 𝐵− (E) 𝐵− or 𝐴𝐵+
(v) Before birth bone are made mostly of cartilage whose cells absorb ……… after birth to produce bones
(A) Potassium (B) Calcium (C) Sodium (D) Magnesium (E) Iron
(vi) Excess amino acids in the body are broken down to form urea in the …………
(A) Pancreas (B) Spleen (C) Liver (D) Ileum (E) Kidney
(vii) A mammalian body temperature ……………
(A) Is under control of the heart (B) Change with environmental temperature
(C)Remain fairly constant (D) Is about 37 degrees Fahrenheit
(E)Is under control of environment
 (viii) …………… is only allowed for married adults
(A) Anal Intercourse (B) Homosexuality (C) Prostitution
(D) Bestiality (E) Sexual (Vaginal) Intercourse
(ix) Which of the following traits cannot be inherited:
(A) Eye Colour (B) Dimples (C) Body Scars (D) Height (E) Body Colour
(x) What is the name given to the crossing of F1 generation/Hybrid to one of its parents?
(A) Reciprocal Cross (B) Test Cross (C) Back Cross (D) Monohybrid Cross (E) Genetic Cross
2. Match the phrases in LIST A with the responses in LIST B by writing the letter of the correct
response from LIST B beside the item number of LIST A in your answer booklet.

LIST A LIST B

i. Absorption of water occur here A. Diabetes insipidus

ii. The process by which urine is formed B. Diabetes mellitus
iii. Plant waste product used to make malaria drugs C. Hibernation
iv. Behavioral patterns where organism go to deep D. Aestivation
sleep E. Distal convoluted tubule
v. Diabetes characterized by sweet urine F. Loop of henle
G. Morphine
H. Quinine
I. Ultra filtration
J. Decantation

SECTION B 60 Marks

3. (a) define Microscope

(b) State the functions of the following parts of microscope
(i) Stage (ii) Diaphragm (iii) Stage clip (iv) Body tube
(v) Mirror

4. (a) Name the cell organelles that perform the following functions:
(i) Synthesis protein
(ii) Control vital processes in the cell
(iii) Control materials entering and living the cell
(iv) Site for respiration
(b) “Life is only possible in a cell with no nucleus” Account for this statement

5. (a) With vivid example, explain three (3) basic principles of waste disposal
(b) How can you maintain good manner when you’re invited for dinner at your
neighbour’s house?

6. (a) state the part of the human digestive system which depends on external
Secretion for digestion and identify three food nutrient digested in this part
(b) Name food nutrient whose digestion is highly affected when human stomach was
removed, state enzyme involved and condition required in the digestion of the food
nutrient named

7. (a) (i) Define the term Oxygen Dept.

(ii) Write a word equation for the anaerobic respiration of glucose in:
➢ Muscle Cells
➢ Bean Plant
 (b) A person who was living at sea level had 5.1 X 1012 red blood cells in every litre of
blood. This person moved to live in the highlands after some times his/her blood had 6.4
X 1012 red blood cells per litre of blood. Explain the advantage of these changes

8. (a) explain the following

(i) Why are many white blood cells found in the region of wound
infected with bacteria
(ii) Why matured red blood cells lacks nucleus
(iii) Why veins had valves at a regular interval
(iv) How water in the soil enters the root hair cells of a plant

(b) Mention three factors that enable arteries to transport blood at great distance

9. (a) (i) Define the term reflex action

(ii) Arrange the following components of reflex arc in a correct order
• Intermediate neuron
• Motor neuron
• Receptor
• Sensory neuron
• Effector organs
(b) State the hormone which is being produced in excess in the following conditions
i. Elevated Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
ii. Gigantism
iii. Low blood sugar levels
iv. In reabsorption of sodium in loop of henle
v. In contraction of uterus

10. (a) Briefly explain the following terms

(i) Incest
(ii) Homosexuality
(iii) Prostitution
(iv) Masturbation
(b) Differentiate identical twins from Fraternal twins

11. (a) Briefly explain why during adolescences stage the rate of growth is rapid?
(b) Draw the diagram of sigmoid growth curve, label the four significant phases

12. (a) State mendelian 1st law of inheritance

(b) One family was quarreling due to a baby girl being an albino while neither of the couple
was an albino. The father of the child was telling his wife that she was responsible for the child
being an albino. By using genetic diagrams that are well illustrated, show how the two parents
each was responsible for albino daughter and not the mother only. Using capital letter “A” as the
dominant gene
SECTION C (25 Marks)

Answer TWO (2) questions from this section and question number 13 is compulsory

13. Cholera is a serious disease that affects large number of people within a short period of
time. Write an essay on cholera using the following headings:
(i) Causative agent (ii) Mode of transmission (iii) Symptoms (iv) Effects (v) Preventive
measures (vi) Treatment
14. With vivid examples, discuss five (5) ways through which communicable diseases are
transmitted from one person to another
15. Describe how oxygen from the atmosphere gets its way to the liver tissues

***********************************************************************************
 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
FORM FOUR EXAMINATION - SERIES 06
BIOLOGY- 2022
TIME: 3:00 Hours

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of 15 questions.

2. Answer all questions in sections A and B and TWO questions from section C
in which question 13 is compulsory
3. All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams which must be
inpencil
4. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination
room.
5. Write your examinations numbers on every page of your answer sheet(s).

SECTION A (15 Marks

Answer all questions in this section.

1. For each of the items (i)-(x) choose the correct answer among the given alternative ]s and
write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

(i) Viruses are considered to be non-living because:

A They are only active in the contents of a living cell B They have true nuclei
C The body is covered by cell wall
D They are single cell Eukaryotic Organism
E They have cell wall made up of cellulose.

(ii) Select the items that indicates the best Match in the vitamin –
deficiency A Vitamin A ………dry scalyskin
B Vitamin B .............. loss of appetite and yawning
C Vitamin C.............. anaemia and high blood pressure
D Vitamin D ............. soft deformed bones
E Vitamin E ..............poor night vision

(iii) Which of the following is a chemical substance that catches fire easily?
A. Corrosive B. Flammable C. Oxidant
D. Irritant E. Harmful

(iv) When students were conducting private study at right, lights went off suddenly.
Which of the following changes occurred in the eyes of the students?
A. The lens become thicker B. The pupils become
large
C. The ciliary muscle relaxed D. The lids closed
E. The eyes opened wider
 (v) One of the following is the principle of good manner
A Eating fast B Speaking respectively C Throwing food
D Wearing tight clothes E Washing the body everyday
(vi) Which of the following is formed immediately after fertilization?
A A placenta B An embryo C A foetus
D Amniotic fluid E A zygote
(vii)
A type of germination where by the Cotyledons is raised above the ground is called
A Epigeal B Hypogeal C Hypocotyls
D Tap root E Epicotyls
(viii) The offspring produced by mating the F1generation is known as
A F3generation B F1products C
F2products D New generation E
Genetic generation
(ix) Which food substance can be tested by using Iodinesolution?
A . Protein B. Starch C . Carbohydrate
D . Non reducing sugar E . Reducing sugar
(x) People with blood group ............. are called universal recipients
A. AB B .B C .O
D. A E .None of the above
2. Match the phrases in List A with the corresponding responses in List B, by writing the letter
of the correct alternative in List B on the answer sheet provided.

LIST A LIST B
(i) Bi concave in shape, lack a nucleus A. Leucocytes
(ii) Have irregular shape which respond to infections B. Erythrocytes
(iii) Fragments of cells produced in the bone marrow C. Thrombocytes
(iv) A fluid tissue consisting of white cells, red cells, platelets and D. Thrombin
plasma. E. Phagocytes
(v) The fluid part of the blood. F. Plasma
G. Capillaries
H. Blood

SECTION B (60 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

3. (a) Define the following terms as used in biology.

(i) Biology laboratory (ii) Botany
(b) Give the function of the following parts of light microscope (One function in each).
(i) mirror (ii) objective lens (iii) Eye piece
(iv) Base (v) Limb or Arm ( vi) Clip
( vii) Course adjustment (viii) Stage

4. (a) (i) What are the raw materials for photosynthesis

(ii) List one product of photosynthesis

(b)State how the ileum is adapted for absorption function.

5. (a) Differentiate between a zygote and a sperm

(b) Name the hormone in human body which
 (i) Secreted during birth to initiate labour (ii) Stimulate milk production
(iii) Re absorption of water in the kidney (iv) Sodium absorption in the kidney.

6. (a) Differentiate between epigeal and hypogeal germination

(b) Mention condition necessary for seed germination
(c) Describe changes occurs during seed germination

7. (a) What do you know by the following terms

(i) Genetics ii). Albinism iii). Complete dominance iv). Mutation
(b) Mr and Mrs Msakanjia happen to have four children in their marriage, one of them
is albino, use the genetic diagram to prove the statement above.
8. (a) Give the
function of
(i) Red blood cell
(ii) White blood cells
(b) Outline six roles played by the blood in Human beings.

9. (a) Explain the term Osmoregulation

(b) Briefly explain the mechanisms of regulating sugar level in theblood.

10. (a) How could the body remove or destroy a bacterium that lands
(i) On the cornea (ii) On the Hand (iii) In the bronchus (iv) In the stomach
(b) Explain why it is
(i) Not health to sleep in a closed room with many potted plants
(ii) Dangerous to sleep in a poorly ventilated room with a charcoal burner on.
11. (a) Write short notes on the following terms; food chain and food web.
(b) Construct sensible food web from the given organisms, Grass, Grass hopper,
Rabbit, Toad, Snake, and Vulture

12. (a) Differentiate between Sexual reproduction and Asexual reproduction

(b) State two behaviors which may lead to the following risk.
i) STD’s ii). HIV infection

SECTION C (25 Marks)

Answer two (2) questions from this section. Question 13 is compulsory.

13. During the rainy season the common problem of eruption of diseases become more serious.
Cholera has been a long-term problem in Tanzania. The government tried to eradicate the disease
but has not been very successful
(a) Explain the possible reasons that have led to the failure of problem of cholera
(b) Explain how this disease can be eradicated successfully in terms of its mode of
Transmissions, control, and curative methods.

14. Food preservation is very important in Human life. Discuss its importance under the following
guideline
(a) Need for preservation
(b) Local (traditional) food preservation methods and their biological effects
(c) Advantages of local food preserving methods.

15. With the aid of well labeled diagram explain clearly how the gaseous exchange occurs across
alveolus.
*************************************************************************
 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
FORM FOUR EXAMINATION - SERIES 07
BIOLOGY
TIME: 3:00 Hours Year : 2022

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of fifteen (15) questions

2. Answer all questions from section A and B and only two (2) questions in section C,
whereby question number thirteen (13) is compulsory.

3. All writings should be in blue or black ink pen except the diagram that must be drawn
in pencil.

4. Calculators, cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the
examination room.

5. Write your Examination Number in every page of your answer sheet(s)

SECTION A (15 MARKS)

1. For each of the following items (i-x) write the correct answer among the given
alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer sheet(s)
provided.

i. Animals show irritability this means that they?

A. Always move
B. Are capable of growing
C. Reproduce
D. Respond to stimuli
E. Are able to loco mote

ii. Are conditions or factors that can change or be changed in an experiment.

A. Hypothesis
B. Problems
C. Variable
D. Conclusion
E. Experiment

iii. If your asked to prepare a first aid kit with its components, which of the following
you will not include?
A. Iodine tincture
B. Sterilized cotton wool
C. Medicine to cure diseases
D. Pair of scissors
E. Soap
 iv. Example of diseases caused by bacteria are
A. Tuberculosis, Cholera and Ebola
B. Tuberculosis, Typhoid and Cholera
C. Elephantiasis, AIDs and sleeping sickness
D. Malaria, Bilharzias and cancer
E. Measles, Amoebic dysentery and chicken pox

v. If you go to a market and buy sweet potatoes and onion you will actually be buying
A. Onion bulb and stem tuber
B. Root tubers and fleshy leaves
C. Root tubers and stem tubers
D. Stem tuber and fleshy leaves
E. Stem tuber and Onion bulb

vi. Oxygen passing from the atmosphere into the blood of an organism takes one of
the following routes
A. Bronchi ____ Bronchioles ____ Trachea ____Alveoli
B. Trachea ____ Bronchioles ____ Bronchi ____ Alveoli
C. Bronchioles ____ Bronchi____ Trachea ____ Alveoli
D. Trachea ____ Bronchi ____ Bronchioles ____ Alveoli
E. Alveoli ____ Trachea ____ Bronchi ____ Bronchioles

vii. If the human blood is mixed with distilled water and examined under microscope,
the red cell would have?
A. Shrunken a little
B. Swollen slightly
C. Stayed in some size
D. Totally shrink
E. Swollen and burst

viii. Compared with the pollen grain of a wind pollinated flowers and that of an insect
pollinated flower will be
A. Rough, dry and produced in large amount
B. Smooth sticky and produced in small amount
C. Rough, dry and produced in small amount
D. Rough sticky and produced in small amount
E. Smooth, dry and produced in large amount

ix. Fern plants are vascular plants like mango tree and coconut plant, but ferns differ
by?
A. Processing only one seed leaf
B. Reproducing by spores
C. Having seed in seed box
D. Lacking xylem and vessels
E. Having by-pinnate leaves

x. During menstrual cycle, as the level of estrogen start to rise

A. LH-Luteinizing hormone start to rise
B. Progesterone hormone in inhibited
C. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is inhibited
D. Corpus Luteum begins to form ovum
E. Testosterone production is stimulated
2. Match the phrases in list A and responses in list B by writing the letter of the
correct response from list B beside the item of list A in your answer sheet(s)

LIST A LIST B

i. Reduce reflection of light within A. Retina

the eyes B. Choroids
ii. Control the intensity of light C. Lens
entering the eye D. Iris
iii. Cells sensitive to light of low E. Cones
intensity F. Rods
iv. Control the shape of the lens G. Blind sport
v. Cause reflection of light in the H. Ciliary body
eye I. Aqueous humor
J. Cornea

SECTION B (60 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section

3. a) What do you understand by the following terms as used in biology

i. First aid kit
ii. Risks
iii. An Accident
iv. Poisoning

b) Halima’s son was stung by honey bee but she is not familiar on how to help her
son. As a biologist assist her by outlining four procedures of giving first aid to her
son.

4. a) State the conditions necessary for seed germination and briefly describe
how they facilitate germination

b) With vivid examples differentiate epigeal germination from hypogeal germination

5. a) Outline any two (2) distinctive characteristics of phylum arthropoda

b) (i) Mention the classes of phylum arthropoda
(ii) Name one (1) representative member for each class you have
mentioned in 5 (b) (i) above

6. a) Suggest how
i. Life style and diet may cause problem with circulatory systems
ii. Why does the heart beat fast during exercise?
b) Explain why some trees are killed when a ring bark is removed in their
stems

7. a) How are lung alveoli suited for their function?

b) List four factors that affect the rate of respiration
c) What are the product of anaerobic respiration in?
i. Plants
ii. Animal

8. a) what meant by the following term

i. Natural environment ii). Ecosystem
 b) (i). List members or components of an ecosystem and give function of each
(ii). Construct the food web using the following organisms;
Worm, insects, field mice, toad, green plants, snake and hawk

9. The diagram in figure 1 below is reflex arc in human being, study the diagram and
answer the questions that follow

Figure1

a) Name labeled parts A-F

b) (i) Outline the function of parts B, C and D
(ii) If someone touches hot object, what is the response shown by part E and
F

10. The middle aged man in regularly visiting local traditional healer, suspecting that he
has been be witched. He has prolonged cough and emitting blood-stained sputum
whenever he coughs. He cannot eat properly he has poor appetite and suffers weight
loss. He has surprised that he sweat a lot during the night
a) What would your advice the man to do?
b) Which disease is he likely to be suffering from
c) List down the causes of the disease
d) How it transmitted?
e) Mention the preventive measures

11. a) Define the term excretion

b) Why do plant lack special excretory organs?

12. a) What growth curvature mean as applied in movement?

b) Name four (4) types of joint found in the human skeleton and for each describe
and give an example.
 SECTION C (25 MARKS)
Answer only two (2) questions but question number thirteen (13) is compulsory.
13. Write an essay on Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) using the following guidelines /
outlines
• Causative agent
• Transmission of the disease
• Symptoms of the disease
• Preventive measure against the disease
• Treatment

14. Mr. Pondamali believed that living things do not change with course of time. As
biologist convince him by explaining the evidences of organic evolution. Give four
points.

15. a) What is genetics?

b) In cross between red cow and white bull, ¼ of the F2 generation were red cow, ½
were roan and ¼ were white bull
i. What is the type of inheritance?
ii. Show how this phenotype were obtained

******************************************************************
 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
FORM FOUR EXAMINATION - SERIES 08
BIOLOGY
TIME: 3:00 Hours YEAR: 2022

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of fifteen (15) questions.
2. Answer all questions in section A and B, and two(2) questions in section C where by question number eleven
(11) is compulsory
3. All writings should be in blue or black ink pen EXCEPT for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil
4. Calculators, cellular phones and any authorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
5. Write your Examination number on every pages of your answer booklet

SECTION A (15 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section
1. For each of the items (i-x) choose the correct answer among the given alternatives and write its letter
besides the item number in the answer booklet provided.
i.One of the following is not part of the reproductive system of a female mammal
A. Vagina B. Urethra C.Fallopian tube D. Uterus E. Ovary
ii) A phylum consisting of species with jointed appendages and exoskeleton is known as
A. Chordate B. Annelida C. Arthropoda D. Platyhelminthesis E. Nematoda
iii) Tongue rollers in genetics is an example of
A. Mechanical digestion
B. Lubricating food
C. Continuous variation
D. Discontinuous variation
E. Swallowing
iv) Tympanic membrane is another name for ………….
A. Ossicles
B. Eardrum
C. Eustachian tubes
D. Cochlea
E. Pinna
v) Example of diseases caused by bacteria are
A. Tuberculosis, Cholera and Ebola
B. Malaria, Bilharzias and Cancer
C. Elephantiasis, AIDS and Sleeping sickness
D. Measles, Amoebic dysentery and Chickenpox
E. Tuberculosis, Typhoid and Cholera
vi) Oxygen passing from the atmosphere into the blood of an animal takes one of the following routes:
A. Bronchi – bronchioles – trachea – alveoli
B. Trachea – bronchioles – bronchi – alveoli
C. Trachea – bronchi – bronchioles – alveoli
D. Bronchioles – bronchi – trachea - alveoli
E. Alveoli – trachea – bronchi – bronchioles
vii) The function of hydrochloric acid in food testing experiment is
A. To decolourise food sample
B. To test reducing sugar
C. To oxidize the food sample
D. To neutralize sugary food
E. To hydrolyse complex sugar to simple sugar

viii) The transport of food substances against the concentration gradient in a cell by using energy is
called
A. Active transport E. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Passive transport
D. Mass transport
ix) In mammals, the organ which acts as a reservoir for carbohydrate is
A. Pancreas
B. Liver
C. Spleen
D. Stomach
E. Rectum
x) If you go to a market and buy some potatoes and onion you will actually be buying
A. Onion bulb
B. Root tubers and fleshy leaves
C. Root tubers and stem tubers
D. Stem tubers and fleshy leave
2. Match the phrases in List A with the responses in List B by writing the letter of the correct
response from List B beside the item number of List A in your answer booklet.
LIST A LIST B
i. Controls the pituitary gland A. Synapse
ii. Concerning with reasoning, intelligence B. Effector
and judgement. C. Hypothalamus
iii. The nervous pathway taken by impulse D. Reflex arc
in reflex action E. Medulla oblongata
iv. Controls and coordinate body balancing F. Cerebrum
organs, thus making accurate movement G. Cerebellum
possible H. Peripheral nervous system
v. A gap through which impulses pass
when travelling from one neuron to
another

SECTION B (60Marks)
Answer all questions in this section

3 a) (i) What is a tissue?

(ii) Name two animal and plant tissues
b) Define the term cell differentiation
c) Briefly explain the importance of cell differentiation
4. a) Explain the concept of mitosis
b) Mention stage of mitosis
c) Explain the significance of mitosis in growth
5. a) Why biology? Give two reasons
b) Classify the following organisms to class level giving one distinctive features for each
classification level
a) Bean plant b) Toad
6.a)What do you understand by the term Binomial nomenclature?
b) Give two (2) advantages of scientific naming of living organism
c) Why is it difficult to destroy viruses?
7 a) i)What is shock?
ii) What are the causes of shock?
b) Give four importance of first aid

8. a) i) Briefly explain why pituitary gland is called master gland?

ii) Explain why during cold we lose sense of smell
b) Insulin and glucagon work antagonistically, Explain.

9. a) Explain the adaptation of the lungs for gaseous exchange

b) What is the biological importance of shivering during cold weather?
c) Explain why some trees are killed when a ring of bark is removed their stems

10. a) What is the composition of mammalian blood ?

b) Explain clearly the functions of mammalian blood.

11. Explain why

i) It is possible for a person to swallow something while standing on his head
ii) One does not urinate frequently on a hot day?
12. Study the structure of a hip joint in the mammalian skeleton

i) Name the parts of labelled A, B, C, D, E and F

ii) State the functions of parts B and C
iii) Name the type of joint represented by structure above and state one characteristic of such a
joint
 SECTION C (25 Marks)
Answer only two (2) questions but question number eleven (11) is compursaly
13.a)A black rabbit homozygous for coat colour was crossed with a white rabbit of unknown
genotype. The offspring was all black. By means of a diagram and symbols find the
genotype of the parent and offspring.
b) i) What is sex- linked character?
ii) If coat colour in rabbit question number 8 (a) is a sex- linked character, what would be the
phenotypes and genotypes of offspring produced from a cross between a black male and a
white female?
14.Among the minerals most essential to our bodies are Iron, calcium and sodium. Discuss these
minerals under the following headings
i) Roles to the body
ii) Natural common sources
iii)Deficiency disorders caused by each to man

15.Write an essay on Bilharzias using the following outline

i) Causative agent
ii) Transmission of the disease
iii) Symptoms of the disease
iv) Preventive measures against the disease

*************************************************************************
 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
FORM FOUR EXAMINATION - SERIES 09
BIOLOGY
TIME: 3:00 Hours YEAR: 2022

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of fifteen (15) questions.
2. Answer all questions in sections A and B and TWO questions from section C in
which question 13 is compulsory
3. All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams which must be in pencil
4. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
5. Write your examinations numbers on every page of your answer sheet(s).

SECTION A (15 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section

1. For each of the items (i) -(x), choose the correct answer among the given alternatives and
write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided
(i) Which of the following is the most important difference between plants and animals?
A Growth B Movement C Nutrition
D Sensitivity E Development
(ii) The following are the branches of biology. Identify one which is not
A Microbiology B Ecology C Genetics
D Science E Mycology
(iii) Which of the following specialized cells in plant is responsible for the high
concentration of chloroplast responsible for photosynthesis?
A Chlorophyll B Palisade C Guard cell
D Root hair cells E Xylems
(iv) The following are examples of water borne diseases:
A Malaria and Bilharzias B Diarrhea and malaria
C Yellow fever and Typhoid D Cholera and Typhoid
E Malaria and Typhoid
 (v) Mutual interaction between two species is described by which of the following
statement?
A Both lives as parasite B Both benefit and flourish
C One harmed and the other benefit D Both neither benefit nor harmed
E Non –of the above is correct
(vi) A very young tadpole breath by means of
A Spiracle B Gills C Segments
D Nostril E Skin
(vii) Salome gets an accident and found that she could hardly maintain her body
equilibrium. Which one among the following structures of her body was probably
damaged?
A Cochlea B Medullar Oblongata C Semi secular canal
D pituitary canal E Auditorium canal
(viii) Pancreases secrete pancreatic juice which contain the following enzymes
A Bile, Lipase and Trypsin B Trypsin, Bile and Amylase
C Amylase, Trypsin and mucus D Renin, Trypsin and amylase
E Trypsin, mucin and lipase
(ix) -------- is the force responsible for pulling of water to the top of the tall trees
A Capillarity pull B Transpiration pull C Osmotic
pressure
D Turgor pressure E Mass flow rate
(x) -------- and --------- grows into shoot and root respectively during seed germination
A Plumule and Epicotyl B Plumule and radicle
C Radicle and Plumule D Seed and Hilum
E Epicotyl and plumule
2. Match the responses in List A with responses in List B by writing the letters of the
correct response beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.
LIST A LIST B
(i) Maintenance of constant internal A. Diabetes mellitus
environment B. Nephron
(ii) Deamination of Amino Acid C. Kidney
(iii) Blood capillaries within Bowman’s D. Glomerulus
capsule E. Liver
(iv) Sugar in urine F. Diabetes inspindus
(v) Functional unit of a kidney G. Regulation
H. Homeostasis
I. Urination
J. Excretion
 SECTION B (60 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section
3 (a) Name the locomotory organs of the following organisms
(i) Amoeba (ii) Euglena (iii) Man (iv) Earthworm
(b) Differentiate between movements and locomotion.
4 (a) (i) What are the raw materials for photosynthesis
(ii) List one product of photosynthesis
(b) State how the ileum is adapted for absorption function.
5 (a) Give four forms and shapes of bacteria
(b) Outline four economic importance of useful bacteria.
6. (a) Briefly explain the meaning of the following biological terms

(i) Seed germination (ii) Epigeal germination

(iii) Meristerms (iv) Primary growth in plants

(b) State four significances of water during seed germination.

7. (a) How could the body remove or destroy a bacterium that lands

(i) on the cornea (ii) on the Hand (iii) on the bronchus (iv) in the
stomach

(b) Explain why it is

(i) Not health to sleep in a closed room with many potted plants

(ii) Dangerous to sleep in a poorly ventilated room with a charcoal burner on.

8. (a) Write short explanation of the following terms

(i) Excretion (ii) Neurone
(b ) Animal brain has different part with different functions, discuss the function of the
following parts
(i) Motor neurons (ii) Relay neurons
(iii) Sensory neurons (iv) Medulla oblongata
9. (a) Explain the meaning of the following terms in relation to coordination
(i) Reflex action
(ii) Reflex arc
(b) Distinguish between simple and Conditioned reflect action. Give four points.
10 (a) (i) Define Immunity
(ii) Distinguish between natural active immunity and artificially active immunity
(b)Name four diseases which children are immunized
11. (a) Explain the meaning of the following terms:

(i) Excretion (ii) Deamination (iii) Detoxification (iv) Secretion

(b) The following are the main excretory products in man carbon dioxide, excess water
and Urea

(i) Name the major organs through which each is excreted

(ii) Name two substances that the body would be deficient following heavy sweating
12. (a) Elaborate any three traditional and three modern methods of food processing and
preservation.

(b) Show clearly the importance of Breast- feeding in children (Give 3 points)

SECTION C

Answer all questions from this section, question 13 is compulsory

13. (a) Briefly discuss the following theories of origin of life.

( i ) Special creation
( ii ) Chemical evolution theory

(b) Outline Lamack’s Theory of evolution and explain with specific examples why
biologists dispute the theory today.

(c) Outline the main differences between Lamack’s and Darwin’s theories of evolution.

14. (a) What are the four major differences between Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA).

(b) A pure breeding pea plant with smooth seeds was crossed with pure breeding pea
plant with wrinkled seeds

(i) Show the result of F1 and F2 on selfing F1 .

(ii) Work out the phenotypic and genotypic ratio of F2.
15. Write an essay on the transportation in plants using the following guidelines
(a)Meaning of transportation
(b)The importance of transportation
(c )The adaptation of features which enable the plant to reduce water loss.

*********************************************************************
 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
FORM FOUR EXAMINATION - SERIES 10
BIOLOGY
TIME: 3:00 Hours YEAR: 2022

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of 15 questions.

2. Answer all questions in sections A and B and two (2) questions from section C of which
question 13 is compulsory.
3. Section A carries fifteen (15) marks, section B sixty (60) marks and section C carries twenty
five (25) marks.
4. All writings should be in blue or black ink, except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil.
5. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the Examination room.
6. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s)

SECTION A: (15 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section
1. For each of the following items (i) – (x), choose the most correct answer from among the given
alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet(s) provided:

(i) When the first day of menstruation was 8th April on which date is a woman of 28 days
cycle most likely to ovulate?
A. 26th March
B. 22nd April
C. 5th May
D. 16th April E. 21st April.

(ii) Its cell body is located within the central nervous system:
A. Sensory neurone
B. Spiral neurone
C. Motor neurone
D. Inter neurone
E. Cranial neurone.

(iii)Tonoplast is the membrane found in:

A. Nucleus
B. Chloroplast
C. Mitochondrion
D. Vacuole
E. Cell membrane.
(iv) Which of the following organism may have the same nutritional value with plants:
A. Amoeba
B. Euglena
C. Paramecium
D. Yeast E. Plasmodium.

(v) The plant which bears one of the reproductive structures only (Stamen/Pistil) is referred
to as:
A. Complete flower
B. Incomplete flower
C. Monoecious D. Dioecious
E. Hibiscus.

(vi) A process of formation of chiasmata occur in:

A. Prophase I of meiosis I
B. Prophase I of meiosis II
C. Prophase of mitosis D. Metaphase I of meiosis I
E. Metaphase of mitosis.

(vii) The type of immunity that can prevent a young individual against measles is
called:
A. Active artificial immunity
B. Artificial passive immunity
C. Active natural immunity D. Natural passive immunity
E. Natural immunity.

(viii) A concave notch of kidney where renal artery, renal vein, ureter, nerve
lymphatic vessel converge is called:
A. Renal pelvis
B. Hilum
C. Hilium
D. Hillum E. Hillium.

(ix) Why was Lamarck’s theory of “use and disuse” criticized? A. People didn’t like his
ideas
B. Phenotypically acquired characteristics are not
inheritable
C. Went against many religious beliefs D. He was not the
father of evolution
E. He was not real scientist.

(x) Which of the following sets include characteristic that is not for living things?
A. Feeding, irritability and growth
B. Reproduction, death and definite shape
C. Excretion, locomotion and feeding
D. Growth, movement and respiration
E. Movement and gaseous exchange.
2. Match the response in list B with the phrases in list A by writing the letter of the correct response
from list B beside the item number of list A in your answer booklet provided:

LIST A LIST B

(i) A structure the nucleus that contains DNA A. F1 : 3:1

(ii) Offspring from genetically unlike parents B. F1 : 1:2:1
(iii) Specific site of a gene C. Dominant gene
(iv) Parental genotype Tt x Tt D. DNA
(v) A gene that conceals the expression of another gene E. Locus
F. Hybrid
G. Heterozygote
H. Gene

SECTION B: (60 Marks)

Answer all question in this section

3. (a) How do the following blood components contribute to our life processes?
(One point for each)

(i) Thrombocytes
(ii) Plasma
(iii)Leukocytes

(b) State three (3) structural differences between a red blood cell and white blood cell.

4. (a) Define the following terms as used in growth:

(i) Germination
(ii) Seed dormancy
(iii)Seed viability

(b) A maize garden was observed to have plants of different height and size despite being of
the same age and receiving/equal treatment. Give reasons for such observation. (Any three
(3) points)

5. (a) What is digestion?

(b) Explain the following biological observations:
(i) Unpolished cereals are more important in women than men.
(ii) “Pancreas is the site for secretion only but not digestion”. Justify.

6. (a) Differentiate between excretion and regulation.

(b) State parts of the body where the following excretory products are formed
(i) Bile ii). Sweat

(c) Excessive intake of sugary food stuffs may not affect the healthy body. Explain
7. Highlight two differences for each of the following:
(a) Ball and socket and hinge joints
(b) Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle

8. The rate of respiration varies from one person to another. Give three (3) reasons.

9. (a) Write down the genotypes of the following individuals:

(i) Haemophilic male
(ii) Haemophilic female
(iii) Normal male
(iv) Normal female
(v) Normal but carrier female
(b) What will be the percentage of haemophilic girls in F1 when haemophilic male marries a
carrier female for the trait.

10. Clearly explain what will happen if the following parts as the brain will be severely damaged.
(a) Medulla oblongata
(b) Hypo thalamus
(c) Cerebellum

11. (a) Define the term cell differentiation as used in Biology.

(b) Use at least two (2) examples to prove that plant cells are specific in their functions.
.

12. All living things share common characteristics. Briefly explain by using three (3) points.

SECTION C: (25 Marks)

Answer two (2) questions in this section. Question 13 is Compulsory.

13. Life on Earth would have been impossible without the presence of bacteria. Justify.

14. Write an essay on communicable diseases and how they are transmitted from one person to
another (give one (1) example for each mode).

15. In our society, many people believe that it is only couples who are planning to get married
should seek VCT services. Use your Biology knowledge to impart them with proper
understanding on “who should seek VCT services”. (5 points).
 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
FORM FOUR EXAMINATION - SERIES 11
BIOLOGY
TIME: 3:00 Hours YEAR: 2022

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C.

2. Answer ALL questions in section A and B and only two questions from section C. (question
14 is compulsory).
3. Except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil, all writings should be in blue or black ink.
4. Write your examination Number on every page of your answer booklet.

SECTION A (15 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section

1. For each of the items (i – x), choose the correct form among the given alternatives and write
its letter besides the item number in the answer booklet (10 MARKS).
i. The central nervous system consists of:

A. The brain and the spinal cord

B. The spinal nerves
C. The spinal cord and spinal nerves
D. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
E. The brain and spinal nerves
ii. Hormone are carried from one part of the body to another:
A. Along ducts
B. Along nerves
C. By the blood
D. Down the hollow part of the spinal cord
E. By the water
iii. During cold weather shivering occurs in a mammalian body in order to;
A. Shake off coldness
B. Produce sweet
C. Relax the muscles
D. Generate heat
E. Prevent heat
iv. Shortly after an egg is fertilized the product is known as:
A. Embryo
B. Zygote
C. Foetus
D. Young baby
E. Children
v. Which one of the following is correct order of events?

A. 𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 → 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 → 𝑜𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

B. 𝑜𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 → 𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 → 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
C. 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 → 𝑜𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 → 𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
D. 𝑜𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 → 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 → 𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
E. 𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 → 𝑜𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 → 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
vi. The dry mass is more preferred to fresh weight in estimating growth in plants. This is because it is
more accurate due to fact that:
A. Dead organisms are easier to work with
B. Dry plants are lighter to measure
C. It measure even irregular organism
D. It exempts the variations due to water content
E. It is simple that other methods
vii. If boiled with Fehling’s solution (Benedict’s solution) which is blue, the mixture first turn green
and finally produces an orange, yellow or red coloured precipitate. This is the test for: A. Lipids
B. Protein
C. Sucrose
D. Starch
E. Reducing sugar
viii. Peristalsis can be defined as the :
A. Wave like movements caused by muscular contraction and relaxation along the
digestive tract that help to propel food.
B. Closing of the stomach entrance by a sphincter muscle.
C. Closing off trachea by the epiglottis in swallowing.
D. Surrounding of food particles by the pseudopodia of amoeba
E. Opening of trachea by the epiglottis in swallowing.

ix. Consider this food chain; 𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑠𝑠 → 𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠 → 𝐵𝑖𝑟𝑑𝑠; the birds in this food chain are:
A. Producers C. Primary consumers D. Secondary consumer
B. Tertiary consumers E. Decomposer
 x. In mammals, deoxygenated blood from the body enters the heart through:

A. Left vertical
B. Right vertical
C. Right atrium (auricle)
D. Left atrium (auricle)
E. Pulmonary vein.
2. Match the phrases in list A with the responses in list B by writing the letter of the correct
response from list B beside the item number of list A in your answer booklet (5 marks).
LIST A LIST B

i. Reproduction, growth, respiration and A. Movement is possible to only one direction

movement B. Movement is possible to all direction
ii. Temperature, wind, light, soil, Water, C. Abiotic factors
atmospheric pressure and altitude D. Characteristics of living things
iii. Hinge joint E. Biotic factors
iv. Pressure of the cell contents against the cell F. Hydrolysis
wall. G. Characteristics of non living things
v. A chemical breaking down of a substance
H. Turgor pressure
involving addition of water.
I. Wall pressure
J. Photolysis

SECTION B (60 MARKS)

Answer ALL questions in this section.
3. (a) What do you understand by the following terms (i) Biology (ii) Zoology (b) Why it is
important to study Biology? Give four reasons.
4. (a) Briefly explain the following terms. (i) Trophic level (ii) Food chain (iii) Food web (b)
With examples, briefly explain how the following interactions of living organism take place.
(i) Predation (ii) Parasitism (iii) Mutualism.

5. (a) What are the characteristics of an insect-pollinated flower?

(b) Define the term cross-pollination
(c) Mention three agents of pollination
6. (a) Give the long meaning of the following abbreviation terms (i) HIV (ii) STIs (iii) STDs
(b) List the organs responsible for gaseous exchange in the following organisms. (i) Goat
(ii) Grasshopper (iii) Frog
7. (a) Explain any two theories of organic of evolution.
(b) Name the structures used for movement in the following: (i) Amoeba (ii) Paramecium (iii)
Fish (iv) Mammals (v) Earth worm.
8. (a) What is shock?
(b) What are the causes of shock? (any two causes) (c) List down any three causes of
fainting?
9. (a) Briefly describe how water, air and temperature facilitate seed germination.
(b) Differentiate epigeal germination from hypogeal germination (three differences).
10. (a) State three basic principles of waste disposal (b) Explain three effects of poor waste
disposal.
11. (a) Define the terms “Classification system” and “Taxonomy”
(b)(i) List the types of classification system
(ii) Give two differences between the classification systems you have listed in (b)(i)

12. In an experiment, a variety of garden peas having a smooth seed coat was crossed with a
variety having a wrinkled seed coat. All the seeds obtained in the F1 had a smooth seed coat.
The F1 generation was selfed.
The total number of F2 was 7324. Let the gene for smooth seed coat be S.

(a) Work out the genotypes for the F1.

(b) Work out the genotype and phenotype ratio of F2.
(c) Calculate the number of the; (i) Wrinkled seeds in F2 (ii) Smooth seeds in F2

SECTION C (25 MARKS)

Answer only two questions in this section; question 14 is compulsory
13. (a) A group of form IV students from Chita Secondary School had a study visit to St. Francis
Hospital at Ifakara. They noted a patient with Sunken eyes, Severe dehydration, weak pulse,
deep breathing, vomiting and Convulsions.
(i) What could be the possible disease that the patient was suffering from?
(ii) Briefly explain the causes and controls / preventive measures of the disease
mentioned in (a)(i) above.
14. Most of the young people today practice risky behaviours thinking that it is a modern style of
life. This is a wrong concept. Discuss the factors which contribute to risky behaviours among
young people in the society and their consequences.
15. Rape is among of the current social problems in our community. Write an essay on rape,
based on the following: - Meaning of rape.
- Possible causes of rape.
- Consequences of rape.
- Ways of avoiding rape.
-
************************************************************************
 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
FORM FOUR EXAMINATION - SERIES 12
BIOLOGY
TIME: 3:00 Hours YEAR: 2022

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of 15 questions.

2. Answer all questions in sections A and B and two (2) questions from section C of which
question 13 is compulsory.
3. Section A carries fifteen (15) marks, section B sixty (60) marks and section C carries twenty
five (25) marks.
4. All writings should be in blue or black ink, except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil.
5. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the Examination room.
6. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s)
**************************************************
THE END