2/22/2025

PHYSICS-I
(THEORY PPT)

CHAPTER#1
(CLO 1)

Prepared by

Physics Staff
Department of Engineering
UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND APPLIED SCIENCES

Department of Engineering UTAS Ibri Engineering Physics 1 (PHYS1110)

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Demonstrate the use of S.I. system of

01 measurements

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F.W. Sears, M.W.
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Zemansky and H.D. Young
“ University Physics “ 7th 3
ed., Addison –Wesley www.physicsclas
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Comp, 1987
sroom.com
https://www.omren.o
m/?lang=en
R.A. Serway and J.S.
Faughn,” College Physics
“, Thomson Learning Inc.,
UK, 2003

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5 http://physics.info
https://momp.deepkn www.proquest.com

http://physics.info owledge.io/resources

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What is Physics?

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Mechanics Study of energy and forces and its physical effects

Heat and thermodynamics study of thermal energy

Sound study of sound energy and classifications

Light & Optics study of light energy and its properties,

Electromagnetism study of charges, currents, electromagnetic phenomena

Atomic and Molecular physics study of the composition of matter (atoms & molecules)

Nuclear physics study of the nuclei of the atoms and their properties

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▪ There are seven fundamental quantities.

▪ These quantities are length, mass, time,
current, light intensity, temperature and
amount of substance.

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“A quantity which is derived from fundamental

quantities is called derived quantity”.

All quantities in physics except those quantities that

mentioned in the first category (fundamental
quantity) are derived quantities.
Example
Area = length x width
Volume = length x width x height
Speed = distance/time
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Definition:
“A standard or a reference for measurement of
any physical quantity”.

❑ The weight of a ball is 20 kg, where 20 is the

number and kg is the unit.
❑ Based on the physical quantities, units can

be divided into two types: Basic or

Fundamental units and Derived units.
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Definition:
 “Units in which fundamental quantities expressed are called
as fundamental units. or
 Those units which are not derived from any derived unit.”

Fundamental Quantities SI Units Symbol

Length meter m
Mass kilogram kg
Time second s
Electric Current ampere A
Temperature kelvin K
Amount of Substance mole mol
Luminous Intensity candela cd
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Derived Units
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Definition:

“Units which are derived from the

fundamental units to express the derived
physical quantities are called derived units.”

Some of the derived units are …

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No. Physical Quantity Unit Abbreviation

1 Area square meter m2
2 Volume cubic meter m3
3 Velocity meter/second m/s
4 Acceleration meter/second2 m/s2
5 Force, weight newton N
6 Momentum kilogram-meter/second kg. m/s
7 Work, energy joule J
8 Power watt W
9 Frequency hertz Hz
10 Pressure pascal Pa
11 Electric Charge coulomb C
12 Electric resistance ohm Ω
14 Electric field strength newton / coulomb N/C
15 Electric potential volt V
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The following three systems of units are popular

among the others.
➢The French or Gaussian system ( CGS )
➢The US customary system or British Engineering
system of units ( BES ) Or FPS
➢MKS
System of units Unit of length Unit of mass Unit of time

MKS meter (m) kilogram (kg) second (s)

CGS centimeter (cm) gram (g) second (s)
FPS foot (ft) pound (lb) second (s)
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Power Prefix Abbreviation Power Prefix Abbreviation Power Prefix Abbreviation

10-18 atto a 10-3 milli m 106 mega M

10-15 femto f 10-2 centi c 109 giga G

10-12 pico p 10-1 deci d 1012 tera T

10-9 nano n 101 deka da 1015 peta P

10-6 micro μ 103 kilo k 1018 exa E

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Conversion of Units
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 The area of a room is expressed in meters (m), but

the length of a pencil is expressed in centimeters
(cm) and its thickness in millimeters (mm).
 Thus, we need to convert one unit to another.

Length Conversion

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Mass Conversion

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Convert 75.00 km/h to m/s

𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎
75 × 𝟔𝟎 ×𝟔𝟎 = 20.83 m/s

Convert 1 cm2 to SI unit (m2) (area)

1 cm2 = 1 cm × 1 cm = 10-2 m × 10-2 m = 10-4 m2

Convert 1 cm3 to SI unit (m3) (volume)

1 cm3 = 1 cm × 1 cm × 1 cm
= 10-2 m × 10-2 m × 10-2 m= 10-6 m3
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Dimension: It is defined as the power to which the

fundamental/basic units of mass, length and time that are
raised to express the unit of that physical quantity.

❑ Speed = distance / time = [L/T] = [M0LT-1]

❑ Volume = length x width x height = [LxLxL] = [M0L3T0]

❑ Acceleration = velocity / time = [LT-1/T] = [M0LT-2]

❑ Force = mass x acceleration = [MLT-2]

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 Which among the following is not a basic unit of measurement?

a) Time
b) Temperature
c) Momentum
d) Mass
 Answer: c) Momentum
 Explanation: Momentum is not a basic unit of measurement. It is a derived unit.
 State true or false: dimensional analysis helps to know if the physical quantity
is a vector or a scalar quantity.
a) TRUE
b) FALSE
 Answer: b) FALSE
 Explanation: Dimensional analysis offers no information on whether a physical
quantity is a scalar or vector.

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By using dimensional analysis method, whether the

following equations are correct or not.
𝒗 = 𝒗𝟎 + 𝒂𝒕
𝟏
𝜟𝒙 = 𝒗𝟎 𝒕 + 𝒂𝒕
𝟐
𝟐 𝟐
𝒗 = 𝒗𝟎 + 𝟐𝒂𝜟𝒙
𝟏
𝜟𝒙 = 𝒗𝟎 + 𝒗 𝒕
𝟐

Department of Engineering IbriCT Physics 1

(PHYS1100)

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