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O LEVEL (P1)
SET's
QUESTION'S

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1 (a) Express in set notation, as simply as possible, the subset shaded in the
Venn diagram.

(BUC)'nA A B

(BUC)'n A
Answer (a) ......................................................... [1]

(b) ! = {all polygons},

T = {all triangles},
R = {all regular polygons},
Q = {all quadrilaterals}.

Add the set Q to the Venn diagram in the answer space.

Answer (b)
T R

O
[1]

(c) ! = { x : x is an integer and 3 ! x ! 11}, & X Pit B O X

F = { x : x is a factor of 12}, 3 ,4 , 6
O = { x : x is an odd number}. 3 , 5 7 9
,
11
, ,

List the elements of the set (F ! O)′. > 8 ,

10

Fuo 3 ,4 ,
5 6 7 9 , 11
= ,, ,

8 10
Answer (c) ......................................................... [1]
,
> no of elements
·

( no of common elements
SC
(d) It is given that n(!) = 20. Total
> no of elements not in a set
P and S are sets such that n(P) = 7 and n(S) = 16. Y
S1 S2 Y S
P
Find the smallest possible value of n(P " S) .
x

Total =
(S1 -x + (x) + (S2 -
x +
y
20 =
7 -
x + x+ 16 - x

20 = 7 -

(x +x + 16 -
x

20 = 23 -
x
3
Answer (d) ......................................................... [1]
x = 23 -
20 ↑

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& shade included
2 (a)
–4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4

The set A = {x : 1 ! x < 3} is shown on the number line above.

(i) Set B is shown on the number line below.

–4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4

Complete the description in the answer space.

114
Answer (a)(i) B = {x : ............ x ................} [1]
-

(ii) The set C = {x : x ! – 3}.

Illustrate the set C" using the number line in the answer space.
·
Answer (a)(ii) [1]
–4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4

(b) X = {1, 3, 5}, Y = {3, 5}, Z = {(x, y) : x # X, y # Y, x ≠ y].

List the members of Z.

Answer (b) Z = { ............................................................................................} [2]

3 (a) On the Venn Diagram in the answer space, shade the region A ! B′.

Answer (a) ! A B

[1]
polygon with 4 sides
enclosed figure with some sides
(b) ! = {all polygons}, Q = {all quadrilaterals}, R = {all regular polygons}.

(i) What is the special name of the polygons which belong to Q " R?
(ii) On the Venn Diagram in the answer space, show the set
T = {all equilateral triangles}.
some sides Square
Answer (b)(i) ...................................................... [1]

,
regular polygon (ii) ! Q R
T

[1]

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4 (a) On the Venn diagram in the Answer (a)

answer space, shade the set
A ∪ (B ∩ C). ~
↑
! A B

(b) Express in set notation the subset shaded in the Venn diagram.

!
P Q

Pn@"
Answer (b) ..............................................[1]

(c) In a class of 36 students, 25 study History, 20 study Geography and 4 study neither
History nor Geography.
Find how many students study both History and Geography. x
36 =
(25 pr) - + (x) +
(20 x) + 4-

36 = 49 - x = x= 49 -
36 =
x = 13
5 (a) The sets A and B are shown on the Venn Diagram in the answer space.
The element y is such that y ∈ A and y ∉ B.
On the diagram, write y in the correct region.
Answer (a)
! A B

Y
[1]

(b) ! = {x : x is an integer and 1 ! x ! 8 }. 1< 2 3 4 , 5, 6 ,7 , 8

, ,
P = {x : x > 5}. 6 , 7 , 8
Q = {x : x ! 3}. 1 , 2 , 3

(i) Find the value of n(P Q). 12 ,3 , 6 ,7 , 8

(ii) List the elements of P" Q".

D' = 1, 2 ,
3 4
, ,
5
6
Answer (b)(i) ................................................[1]
0' = 4 5 6 ,7 , 8
, , 4 5
(ii) { ..........................................}
, [1]

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6 (a) Express, in set notation, as simply as !

A B
possible, the subset shaded in the
Venn diagram.

An(BnC) C

An(BnC)
Answer (a) ..................................................[1]

(b) It is given that n(!) = 40, n(P) = 18, n(Q) = 20 and n(P Q) = 7.

Find
40 =
(18 7)- + (7) + (20 1) - +
y
40 11 + 7 13
(i) n(P Q),
= + +
y
3 1+ =) 40 31 = 9
40 y y
-
= =

(ii) n(P! Q!).

11 7
13
9
3
Answer (b)(i) .............................................[1]

(ii) ..............................................[1]

7 (a ) On the Venn diagram shown in the answer space, shade the set P Q!.

Answer (a)
!
P Q

[1]

(b) There are 27 children in a class.

Of these children, 19 own a bicycle, 15 own a scooter and 3 own neither a bicycle nor a
scooter. j0= 9
-

Using a Venn diagram, or otherwise, find the number of children who own a bicycle but
not a scooter.

27 =
(19-yu) + (x() + (15 x) -
+ 3

27 = 37 -
3

x = 37 - 27

x = 10
9
Answer (b) ............................................ [2]
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8 (a) ! = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 },
A = { 1, 2, 3 },
B = { 5 },
C = { 3, 4 }.

List the elements of

(i) A ! C,

Y2 3
1 3 ,
4
k 2 , 3 , 4 [1]
Answer (a)(i) ..................................

(ii) B ! " C !.
> X4 > ,
5

1 ,2
Answer (a)(ii) ................................. [1]

(b) A group of 60 children attend an after school club.

Of these, 35 children play football and 29 play hockey.
3 children do not play either football or hockey.

By drawing a Venn diagram, or otherwise, find the number of children who play only
hockey.

60 =
(35 ) -
+ (6() + (29 x) -
+

60 = 67 -

60 = x= 7
x = 67 -

29 - 7 = 22

2
Answer (b) ...................................... [2]

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9 The Venn diagram shows the sets !, P, Q and R.

! = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
! Q
P
1 2 5
4 3 6 9
7 8
10 R

(a) Find the value of n(Q ! R).

8
Answer (a) ...................................... [1]

(b) List the elements of the set P! " (Q ! R).

5 6 9 , 7 8 } [1]
Answer (b) { .................................
, , ,

(c) One element is chosen at random from !.

Write down the probability that this element belongs to (P " Q) ! (P " R).

Answer (c) ...................................... [1]

10 (a) Using set notation, describe the shaded region in the Venn diagram.

A B

Answer Au (BnC)
........................................ [1]

(b) In the Venn diagram, shade the region represented by Pʹ ∩ (Q ∪ R ).

!
P Q

[1]
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11 (a) On the Venn diagram, shade the set A B C!.

!
A B

[1]

(b) ! = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}

P = {x : x is a prime number}
Q = {x : x " 5}

(i) Find the value of n(P Q) .

Answer ........................................ [1]

(ii) List the elements of P Q! .

Answer ........................................ [1]

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12 ! = { x : x is an integer and x ! 5 } ! F
P = { x : x is a prime number }
F = { x : x is a multiple of 4 }
S = { x : x is a multiple of 6 }

The Venn diagram shows the Universal set and the set F.

(a) Draw and label the two sets P and S to complete the Venn diagram. [2]

(b) Write down a possible element y such that y is an even number and y ∈ (F S)".

Answer y = ................................. [1]

13 The Venn diagram shows the Universal set and the set B.
A and C are two sets such that

A B = B, A B ! B, A C=∅ and B C ! ∅.

Draw the sets A and C in the Venn diagram. ! B

[2]

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14 (a) Given that A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 } and B = { 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 }, find n( A B ).

Answer ..................................... [1]

(b) ! = { p, q, r, ... } !
X Y
On the Venn diagram, write
each of the letters p, q, and r in
its appropriate subset, given that

p X Y Z,

q X! Y! Z!,

r (X Y )! Z.

[3]

15 In a survey, 60 students are asked !

which of the subjects Biology (B),
History (H ) and Spanish (S) they B H
are studying.
3
The Venn diagram shows the results. 15 16

27 students study History. 2

5 p

9
q
S

(a) Find the values of p and q.

Answer p = ...................................

q = .............................. [1]

(b) Find n(H ʹ).

Answer ..................................... [1]

(c) Find n!(B ∪ H ) ∩ S ʹ".

Answer
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o B =e o
4 3 2 -3
16 (a) A = e 1 2 1 1
(i) Find 2A – B.

(ii) Find B –1.

Answer
! " [1]

Answer
! " [2]

(b) ! = {natural numbers}

P = {factors of 8}
Q = {factors of 12}

List the elements of the set P Q.

Answer ................................................................ [2]

(c)
!
M N

Use set notation to describe the shaded subset in the Venn diagram.

Answer ............................................ [1]

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17 ! = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
A = {odd numbers}
B = {multiples of 3}

(a) Complete the Venn diagram to illustrate this information�

!
A B

[1]

(b) Find the value of n (A B)�

Answer �������������������������������������������� [1]

(c) List the elements of the set A B!�

Answer �������������������������������������������� [1]

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18 (a) Express, in set notation, the subset shaded in the diagram.

!
A B

Answer ................................................ [1]

(b) ! = {a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h}

P = {a, b, c}

Q = {b, c, d, e, f}

(i) Find n ^P , Qh.

Answer ................................................ [1]

(ii) List the members of the subset P l + Q.

Answer ................................................ [1]

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19 (a) On the Venn diagram, shade the set Pl + ^Q , Rh.

!
P Q

[1]

(b) A group of 40 children are asked what pets they own.

Of these children, 13 own a cat, 5 own both a cat and a dog and 15 own neither a cat
nor a dog.

Using a Venn diagram, or otherwise, find the number of children who own a dog, but
not a cat.

Answer .............................................................. [2]

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20 (a) Use set notation to describe the shaded subset in the Venn diagram.

!
P

Q R

Answer ......................................... [1]

(b) In a group of students

30 play cricket,
38 play football and
9 play neither cricket nor football.

Find the lowest possible number of students in the group.

Answer ......................................... [2]

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21 (a) On the Venn diagram, shade the set Cl + ^A , Bh.

!
A B

[1]

(b) ! = { −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }

P = { −1, 0, 1, 2 }

Q = " x2 : x ! P ,

Find n ^ Q h.

Answer ............................................. [1]

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22 (a) ! = { x : x is an integer, 40 G x G 50 }

P = { x : x is a prime number }

Q = { x : x is a multiple of 6 }

(i) Find n( P ).

Answer .............................................. [1]

(ii) List the members of Q.

Answer .............................................. [1]

(b) In a group of 25 people,

11 people own both a bicycle and a skateboard,
6 people own neither a bicycle nor a skateboard,
n people own a bicycle.

Find the smallest and the largest possible values of n.

Answer smallest .............................................. [1]

largest .............................................. [1]

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23 TheVenndiagramshowsthesetsA,BandC.

!
A B
p q r
t u
s
v
C w

Listtheelementsof

(a) A∪B,

Answer............................................ [1]
(b) B′∩C.

Answer............................................ [1]

24 (a) On the Venn diagram, shade the set B + (A , C)l .

! B
A

[1]
(b) ! = { 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 }

W = { x : x is a multiple of 2 }

H = { x : x is a multiple of 3 }

(i) Find n (W ∪ H ).

Answer ................................................. [1]

(ii) List the members of W + H l .

Answer ................................................. [1]

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25 (a) In the Venn diagram, shade the region which represents the subset (P , Q)l + R.

!
P Q

[1]

(b) ! = { x : x is an integer and 22 G x G 33 }

E = { x : x is an even number }
T = { x : x is a multiple of 3 }
F = { x : x is a multiple of 4 }

(i) List the members of T + F .

Answer ............................................. [1]

(ii) Find n (E , T ) .

Answer ............................................. [1]

(iii) Given that y ! F l + E , find one possible value of y.

Answer y = ............................................. [1]

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26 50 students are asked what type of movie they like to watch.

Of these students,

• 26 like comedy,
• 15 like both action and comedy and
• 8 like neither action nor comedy.

Using a Venn diagram, or otherwise, find the number of students who like action but not comedy.

Answer ........................................... [2]

27 (a) ! = { 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96 }

P = { x : x is an even number }

Q = { x : x is a multiple of 3 }

(i) Find n(P , Q).

Answer .......................................... [1]

(ii) Given that y ! ! and that y is a prime number, write down the value of y.

Answer y = .................................... [1]

(b) In the Venn diagram, shade the region represented by A' + B.

!
A B

[1]

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14 (a) In the Venn diagram, shade the region which represents the subset ^A+ Blh, C .
28

!
A B

C
[1]

(b) In a group of 36 students,

23 study Spanish,
17 study French,
4 study neither Spanish nor French.

By drawing a Venn diagram, or otherwise, find the number of students who study both Spanish
and French.

Answer .......................................... [2]

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29 (a) In a sports club 24 members play basketball (B),

28 play cricket (C),
16 play football (F),
9 play basketball and cricket,
11 play cricket and football and
6 play basketball and football.
Five members play all three games and eight members play none of these games.

(i) Complete the Venn diagram to show this information.

!
F

C B

[2]

(ii) Hence work out the total number of members in the club.

Answer ........................................... [1]

(b) In another sports club, the number of members playing basketball (B), cricket (C) and football (F)
are shown in the Venn diagram below.

!
F
16
4
3 2
12

20 11 5

C B

(i) Find n(F ').

Answer ........................................... [1]

(ii) Find n( ( F , C ) + B ').

Answer ........................................... [1]

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30 (a) Use set notation to describe the shaded set in the Venn diagram.

A B

Answer ........................................... [1]

(b) Use set notation to complete the statement about sets C and D.

D
C

Answer C ................................... D [1]

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