TERM - 1 MATHS

CLASS: XII
CHAPTER 3: MATRICES
WORKSHEET 3

1. A matrix is an ordered rectangular array of numbers or functions.

2. A matrix having m rows and n columns is called a matrix of order m X n

n
3. [ a ij ] m X 1 is a column matrix.
4. [ a ij ] 1 X n is a row matrix .

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5. An m X n matrix is a square matrix if m = n
6. A = [ a ij ] m X m is a diagonal matrix if a ij = 0 when i≠j
7. A = [ a ij ] m X m is a scalar matrix if a ij = 0 when i≠j , a ij = k ( k is some

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constant),When i=j
8. A = [ a ij ] m X m is an identity matrix if a ij = 1 when i=j , a ij = 0 when i≠j
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9. A = [ a ij ] = [ b ij ] = B if (i) A and B are of same order , (ii) a ij = b ij
For all possible values of i and j
10. K A = k [ a ij ] m X n = [ k a ij ] m X n
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11. –A = (-1) A
12. A – B = A + (-B)
13. A + B = B + A where A and B are of same order
14. ( A + B ) + C = A + ( B + c ) where A , B and C are of same order.
15. K ( A + B ) = k A + k B where A and B are of same order , k is
constant.
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16. ( k + m ) A = k A + m A where ka dn m are constant.

17. (i) A ( BC) = (AB ) C (ii) A (B+C) = AB + AC (iii) (A +B) C = AC +BC
d

18. If A = [ a ij ] mX n then 𝐴′ = [ a ji ] n X m
19. (i) (𝐴′ )′ = A (ii) (𝑘 𝐴)′ = k 𝐴′ (iii) ( 𝐴 + 𝐵 )′ = 𝐴′ + 𝐵 ′
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(iv) ( 𝐴𝐵 )′ = 𝐵 ′ 𝐴′
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20. A is symmetric matrix if 𝐴′ =A

21. A is skew symmetric matrix if 𝐴′ = - A
22. Any square matrix A can be represented as the sum of a symmetric
1 1
( 𝐴 + 𝐴 )′ and a skew symmetric matrix ( 𝐴 − 𝐴 )′ .
2 2
23. If A and B are two square matrix such that AB = BA = I , then B is the
inverse of A and is denoted by 𝐴−1 and A is inverse of B.
24. If A and B are invertible matrices of same order , (𝐴𝐵)−1 = 𝐵 𝐴−1
25. Inverse of a square matrix , if it exists , is unique.
 MCQ

Q1 3 2
If A = [ 2 − 3 4 ] , B = [2] X = [ 1 2 3 ] , Y = [3]
2 4
AB + XY equals to
(a) [ 28 ] (b) [ 24 ] (c) [ 12 ] (d) [ -28 ]

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Q2 The number of all possible matrices of order 3 X 3 will each entry 0 or 1
is
(a) 27 (b) 18 (c) 81 (d) 512.

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Q3 If matrix A is both symmetric and skew symmetric , then
(a) A is diagonal matrix
(b) A is square and zero matrix
(c) A is square matrix
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(d) None of these
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Q4 𝛼 0 1 0
If A = [ ] and B = [ ] , then the value of α for which
1 1 5 1
𝐴2 = B is
(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 4 (d) Not possible to find
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Q5 C is a skew symmetric matrix of order n , X is a column matrix of order

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n X 1 then X’ C X is a
(a) square matrix (b) identity matrix
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(c) zero marix (d) None of these

Q6 A is a 3 X 4 matrix . A matrix B is such that A’ B and B A’ are defined

.Then the order of B is
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(a) 3 X 4 (b) 3X3 (c) 4X4 (d) 4X3

Q7 𝑎 𝑏 𝑥 𝑦
. If A=[ ] 𝐴2 = [𝑦 𝑥] then value of x and y are
𝑏 𝑎
(a) x = 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 y = 𝑎2 - 𝑏2
(b) x = 2 a b y = 𝑎2 + 𝑏2
 (c) x = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 y = ab
(d) x = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 y = 2 a b
Q8 1 3
If A=[ ] and 𝐴2 – k A – 5 I = 0 then the value of k is
3 4
(a) 3 (b) 7 (c) 5 (d) 9

Q9 −1 −8 −10
1 −2 −5
If A [ ] = [ 1 −2

n
−5 ] then A is
3 4 0
9 22 15

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5 −2
2 −1 1
(a) [ ] (b) [ 1 0]
0 −3 4
−3 4

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2 −1
−1 1 0
(c) [ 1 0] (d) [ ]
2 −3 4
−3 4
Q10 1 −2
If A = [4 −3
2 1 uc
2
0] B = [−4 −5
3
−6] then the element of second
5 −1 6 7 −8 9
column and third row of AB is
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(a) 1 (b) -44 (c) 30 (d) -33

Q11 The diagonal elements of a skew symmetric matrix are (a)

all zeros ( b ) are all equal to some scalar k not equal to zero ( c ) can
be any number ( d ) None of these
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Q 3 𝑥+1
If A = [
di

] is a symmetric matrix , then x is

12 2𝑥 + 3 𝑥 + 2
(a) 4 (b)2 ( c ) -4 ( d ) -2
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Q Choose the correct statement:

13
(a) Every identity matrix is a scalar matrix .
(b) Every scalar matrix is a identity matrix.
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(c) Each diagonal matrix is a identity matrix.

(d) A square matrix with all the elements 1 is an identity matrix.

Q14 If A is square matrix such that 𝐴2 = A , then ( 𝐼 + 𝐴 )2 - 3 A is

(a) I (b) 2A (c) 3I (d) A

Q15 𝑥+𝑦+𝑧 9
The values of x , y and z , if [ 𝑥 + 𝑧 ] = [5] are
𝑦+𝑧 7
(a) x=2 y=3 z=4 (b) x=2 y=4 z=3
(c) x=3 y=4 z=2 (d)x=3 y=2 z=4

Q16 𝑎 𝑏
If matrix A = [ ] is the square root of the 2 X 2 identity matrix ,
𝑐 −𝑎
then the relation a between a, b and c is

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( a ) 𝑎2 + b c – 1 = 0 ( b ) 𝑎2 – b c – 1 = 0
( c ) 𝑎2 + b c +1 = 0 ( d ) - 𝑎2 + b c – 1 = 0

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Q Suppose 3 X 3 matrix A = [𝑎𝑖𝑗] , whose elements are given by a ij = 𝑖 2 - 𝑗 2
17

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Then a 32 is equal to
(a)5 (b)1 (c)2 (d)3
Q
18
If [
1 2
−2 −𝑏
( a ) 20
] +[
𝑎
3
4
2
] =[uc
5
1
( b ) 22
6
0
] , then 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 is equal to

( c ) 12 ( d ) 10
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Q 2 −1 10
X [ ] + y [ ] = [ ] then the value of x is
19 3 1 5
( a) 0 (b)3 (c) 7 ( d ) 10

Q 1 0 0
20 If A = [0 1 0] then 𝐴2 is equal to
s

𝑎 𝑏 −1
di

( a) 0 (b) -A (c) I (d)2A

Q 1 0 2 𝑥
21 If [𝑥 −5 −1] [0 2 1] [4] = O then the value of x is
aa

2 0 3 1
( a ) 5 √5 ( b ) ± 4 √3 ( c )± 3√5 ( d ) ± 6√5
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Q 1 0 1 0
If A = [ ] and I = [ ] , then the value of k so that
22 −1 7 0 1
𝐴2 = 8 A + k I is

(a) 4 (b)5 (c)6 (d)–7

Q 3 −4 5 2 𝑝 𝑞
If X = [ ] ,B=[ ] and A = [ ] satisfy the equation AX
23 1 −1 −2 1 𝑟 𝑠
=B
Then the matrix A is equal to
−7 26 7 26 −7 −4 −7 26
(a) [ ] (b) [ ] (c) [ ] (d) [ ]
1 −5 4 17 26 13 −6 23
Q If A = [ a ij ] mXn , then 𝐴′ is equal to
24

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(a) [ a ji ] nXm (b) [ a ij ] mXn (c) [ a ji ] mXn (d) [ a ij ] nXm

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Q If A and B are symmetric matrices of same order , then AB – BA is a
25
(a) Skew symmetric matrix
(b) Symmetric matrix

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(c) Zero matrix
(d) Identity matrix

Q
26
0
If A = [−𝑐
𝑏
𝑐
0
−𝑎
−𝑏

0
uc
𝑎2
𝑎 ] and B = [𝑎𝑏
𝑎𝑐
𝑎𝑏
𝑏2
𝑏𝑐
𝑎𝑐
𝑏𝑐 ] , then AB is
𝑐2
(a) B (b) A (c) O (d) I
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Q A square matrix A = [ a ij ]n X n is called a diagonal matrix if a ij = 0 for
27
(a) i=j (b) i<j (c) i>j (d) i≠j

Q 1
4 1 0 2 0 −1 15 + 𝑥
If A = [ ] ,B=[ ] , C = [2] and D = [ ] such
s

28 1 −2 2 3 1 𝑥 1
1
di

that ( 2 A – 3 B ) C = D , then x =
aa

(a) 3 (b) -4 (c) -6 (d) 6

Q 1 2 2
29 If A = [2 1 −2] is a matrix satisfying A 𝐴𝑇 = 9 I 3 , then the values
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𝑎 2 𝑏
of a and b respectively are

(a) 1, 2 (b) -2 , -1 (c) -1 , 2 (d) -2 , 1

Q 3 −4
If [ ] is sum of a symmetric matrix B and a skew symmetric matrix
30 1 −1
C, then C is
1 −5/2 1 −5/2
(a) [ ] (b) [ ]
5/2 0 5/2 1
0 −5/2 1 −3/2
(c) [ ] (d) [ ]
5/2 0 5/2 1

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Q
31
0 −1
] , then 𝐴16 is equal to :

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If A = [
1 0
0 −1 0 1 −1 0 1 0
(a) [ ] (b) [ ] (c) [ ] (d) [ ]

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1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
Q
32 0 2 0
uc 3𝑎
If A = [ ] and k A = [ ] , then the values of k , a and b
3 −4 2𝑏 24
are respectively
(a) -6,-12,-18 (b) -6,4,9 (c) -6,-4,-9 (d) -6,12,18
Ed

CASE STUDY : 1
Two farmers Ram Kishan and Gurcharan Singh cultivate only three
varities of rice namely X , Y and Z . The sale ( in ₹ ) of these varities of
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rice by both the farmers in the month of September and October are
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given by the following matrices A and B

September sales (in ₹)

aa

X Y Z

10,000 20,000 30,000 𝑅𝐴𝑀 𝐾𝐼𝑆𝐻𝐴𝑁

A=
50,000 30,000 10,000 𝐺𝑈𝑅𝐶𝐻𝐴𝑅𝐴𝑁 𝑆𝐼𝑁𝐺𝐻
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 October sales ( in ₹)

X Y Z

5,000 10,000 6,000 𝑅𝐴𝑀𝐾𝐼𝑆𝐻𝐴𝑁

B=
20,000 10,000 10,000 𝐺𝑈𝑅𝐶𝐻𝐴𝑅𝐴𝑁 𝑆𝐼𝑁𝐺𝐻

Based on the above information answer the following question:

Q1 The combined sales in September and October for each farmer in each
variety is

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5,000 10,000 24,000 15,000 30,000 36,000
(a)[ ] (b)[ ]

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30,000 20,000 0 70,000 40,000 20,000
15,000 30,000 36,000 5,000 10,000 24,000
(c)[ ] (d)[ ]
30,000 20,000 0 70,000 40,000 20,000

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Q2 The change in sales from September to October is

(a)[
5,000
30,000
10,000
20,000
24,000
0
]
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(b)[
15,000
70,000
30,000
40,000
36,000
20,000
]

15,000 30,000 36,000 5,000 10,000 24,000

(c)[ ] (d)[ ]
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30,000 20,000 0 70,000 40,000 20,000
Q3 If Ram Kishan receive 2 percent profit on gross rupees sales, the profit
of Ram Kishan for each variety sold in October is
(a) [ 200 200 120 ] (b) [ 100 100 120 ]
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(c) [ 100 200 220 ] (d) [ 100 200 120 ]

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Q4 If Gurcharan receive 3 percent profit on gross rupees sales , the profit of

Gurcharan Singh for each variety sold in October is

( a ) [ 600 600 300 ] ( b ) [ 600 600 600 ]

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( c ) [ 600 300 300 ] ( d ) [ 300 300 300 ]

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CASE STUDY : 2
Three schools DPS , CVC and KVS decided to organize a fair for collecting
money for helping the food victims
They sold handmade fans , mats and plates from recycled material at a
cost of ₹ 25 , ₹ 100 and ₹ 50 each respectively. The numbers of articles
sold are given as
 School / Article DPS CVC KVS

Handmade fans 40 25 35
Mats 50 40 50
Plates 20 30 40

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Based on the information given above , answer the following questions.

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Q1 What is the total money ( in ₹) collected by the school DPS?
(a) 700 (b) 7000 (c) 6125 (d) 7875

Q2
KVS?
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What is the total amount of money (in ₹) collected by schools CVC and

(a) 14000 (b) 15725 (c) 21000 (d) 13125

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Q3 What is the total amount of money (in ₹) collected by all three schools
DPS , CVC and KVS ?
(a) 15775 (b) 14000 (c) 21000 (d) 17125

Q4 If the number of handmade fans and plates are interchanged for all the
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schools , then what is the total money (in ₹) collected by all the schools?
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(a) 18000 (b) 6750 (c) 5000 (d) 21250

Q5 How many articles (in total) are sold by three schools ?

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(a) 230 (b) 130 (c) 430 (d) 330

CASE STUDY : 3
On her birthday , Seema decided to donate some money to children of an
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orphanage home.
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If there were 8 children less , everyone would have got Rs 10
[Link] , if there were 16 children more,everyone would have got
Rs 10 [Link] the number of children be x and the amount distributed by

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Seema for one child be y (in ₹)
Based on the information given above , answer the following questions.

Q1 The equations in terms are

(a) 5x
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- 4y = 40 , 5x – 8y = - 80
(b) 5x - 4y = 40 , 5x + 8y = 80
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(c) 5x - 4y = 40 , 5x + 8y = - 80
(d) 5x + 4y = 40 , 5x – 8y = - 80

Q2 Which of following matrix equations represent the information given

above?
5 4 𝑥 40
s

(a) [ ] [𝑦] = [ ]
5 8 −80
𝑥
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5 −4 40
(b) [ ] [𝑦 ] = [ ]
5 −8 80
5 −4 𝑥 40
(c) [ ] [𝑦 ] = [ ]
5 −8 −80
aa

5 4 𝑥 40
(d) [ ] [𝑦 ] = [ ]
5 −8 −80
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Q3 The number of children who were given some money by Seema, is

(a) 30 (b) 40 (c) 23 (d) 32

Q4 How much amount (in ₹) is given to each child by Seema ?

(a) 32 (b) 30 (c) 62 (d) 26

Q5 How much amount Seema spends in distributing the money to all the
students of the Orphanage?
 (a) ₹609 (b) ₹ 960 (c) ₹906 (d) ₹ 690

ANSWERS

Q1 A Q2 D Q3 B Q4 d

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Q5 C Q6 A Q7 D Q8 c

Q9 C Q 10 D Q 11 A Q 12 d

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Q 13 a Q 14 A Q 15 b Q 16 a

Q 17 a Q 18 A
ucQ 19 b Q 20 c

Q 21 b Q 22 D Q 23 a Q 24 a
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Q 25 a Q 26 C Q 27 d Q 28 c

Q 29 b Q 30 C Q 31 d Q 32 c
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Case study 1:

1–b 2–a 3–d 4–c

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Case study 2:

1–b 2–a 3–c 4–d 5–d

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Case study 3 :

1–a 2–c 3–d 4–b 5–b