SCHOOL:-

NAME:-
CLASS: SENIOR TWO (2) S.S. 2
SUBJECT: PHYSICS
SECOND TERM EXAMINATION 2022/2023 its boiling point (c) it does not have effect (d) increases its
SECTION A - OBJECTIVE boiling point by 50C (e) none of the above
1. Which of the following is not an effect of heat? A. expansion 20. Which of the following statement is true about evaporation (a)
B. contraction C. change of state. D. increase in weight evaporation occurs at all temperature except at boiling points
2. Temperature can be measured in the following units except (b) evaporation only occurs at boiling point (c) evaporation
A. degree Celsius B. kelvin C. degree Fahrenheit D. occurs at all temperature (d) all of the above (e) none of the
centigrade-meter above
3. When heat is extracted from water it changes from liquid to 21. Impurities change the boiling points of liquid. So, salt added to
gas. What is this process called____(a) vaporization (b) water will (a) increase its boiling point (b) reduces its boiling
evaporation (c) condensation point (c) it does not have effect (d) reduces its boiling point by
4. The process of by which a gas is converted to a solid is 50C(e) none of the above
called____(a) sublimation (b) deposition (c) vaporize 22. Calculate the quantity of heat energy that is required to
5. Fahrenheit is a unit for_____ (a) heat (b) gas (c) temperature change 25.6 kg mass of ice to liquid at a constant
(a) water temperature (a) Q = 8601600 J (b) Q = 9601600 J (c) Q =
6. ____ of a substance is defined as the amount of heat required 7801600 J
to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance through 23. Which of the following is the correct SI unit of specific latent
1°C. (a) special heat capacity (b) specific heat capacity (c) heat? (a) Jkgk (b) Jkg-1k-1 (c) Jkgk-1 (d) Jkg-1 (e) Jkg
molar heat capacity 24. Latent heat of fusion changes substances from its (a) solid
7. _____ of a substance is defined as the amount of heat state to liquid state (b) from liquid to solid (c) from liquid to
required to raise the temperature of 1 mole of a substance gas
through 1° C (a) special heat capacity (b) specific heat 25. The heat required to change 1kg of ice at 00C to water at the
capacity (c) molar heat capacity same temperature is called (a) specific latent heat of
8. There are ____ types of heat capacities (a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 3 vaporization (b) specific heat capacity (c) specific latent heat
9. ____ The heat supplied to a system to raise its temperature of fusion (d) heat capacity (e) specific heat capacity
through 1° C keeping the volume of the system constant is 26. The temperature at which the saturated vapor pressure of a
called (a) heat capacity at constant pressure (b) heat capacity liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure gives rise to a
at constant volume (c) thermodynamics phenomenon called (a) boiling point (b) melting point (c)
10. The heat supplied to a system to raise its temperature evaporation (d) freezing point (e) no answer
through1° C keeping the external pressure constant is 27. The instrument used to measure relative humidity of an
called__(a) heat capacity at constant pressure (b) heat environment is (a) hydrometer (b) hygrometer (c) humid-
capacity at constant volume (c) thermodynamics meter (d) hygroscope (e) none of the above
11. An electric heater rated 12V is used to heat 450g of water 28. The temperature at which the water vapors present in the air
when a current of 5A was passed through it. What is the final just sufficient to saturate it is referred to as (a) relative
temperature after 30minutes? [Specific capacity of water = humidity (b) vaporization (c) dew point (d) condensation point
4200 JKg-1K-1] (a) 57k (b) 20k (c) 57k (d) 80k (e) 40k (e) no answer
12. If the pressure of the vapor on top of an enclosed liquid is 29. The equation PxVyTz = constant is Boyle’s law if (a) x=0, y=0,
equal to the atmospheric pressure, what will be the z=1 (b) x=1, y=0, z=0 (c) x=1, y=1, z=0 (d) x=1, y=1, z=1 (e)
temperature of the liquid enclosed? (a) room temperature (b) x=1, y=1, z=-1
boiling point (c) freezing point (d) standard temperature 30. A column of air 10cm long is trapped in a tube at 270C. What
13. 200g of water at 90°C is mixed with 100g of water at 30°C. is the length of the volume at 1000C? (a) 12.4cm (b) 13.7cm
What is the final temperature? (a) 50oC (b) 60oC (c) 70oC (d) (c) 18.5cm (d) 37.0cm (e) 100cm
80oC MARKING GUIDE (ANSWERS)
14. Which of the following is not used to determine the heat 1.D 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.A
content of a body? (a) mass of the body (b) volume of the 11.C 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.D 16.A 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.E
body (c) specific heat capacity of the body (d) temperature of 21.A 22.A 23.D 24.A 25.C 26.A 27.B 28.C 29.A 30.A
the body (e) all of the above THEORY
1a. Differentiate between heat and temperature. 1b. Define heat
15. A____ is an instrument used in measuring the quantity of heat and list 3 effects of heat
(a) Barometer (b) Aerometer (c) anemometer (d) calorimeter 2a. Define heat capacity? 2b. The law of Calorimeter states that?
16. ____ is defined as the process of reducing heat hot to the 3a. The thermal capacity of an object is 585 JK-1. Calculate the
surrounding (a) lagging (b) calorimeter (c) regnant (d) mass of the object if its specific heat capacity is 390 kg-1K-1
capacity 3b. What is the amount of heat that is required to raise the
17. Calculate the heat capacity of a mass 258g if its specific heat temperature of 350 g of the aluminium cone from 30°C to 68°C if
capacity is 900JKg-1K-1 (a) Cp = 232200JK-1 (b) Cp = its specific heat capacity is 900 JK-1 K-1
252200JK-1 (c) Cp = 2200JK-1 4a. What is meant by the statement that the specific heat capacity
18. A phenomenon which is used to describe the process by of water is 4200JK-1K-1? Calculate the temperature change when
which a substance changes from solid to gas is called (a) 1000 J of heat is supplied to 100g of water
evaporation (b) freezing (c) sublimation (d) melting (e) 4b. Define Specific Heat capacity With Formula, S.I.
vaporization 5a. Define evaporation and What is boiling? 5b. Differences
19. What effect will reducing the surface pressure of a liquid have between boiling and evaporation
on its boiling point? (a) increase its boiling point (b) reduces 6a. Define vapor pressure 6b. Differentiate between saturated and
unsaturated vapor pressure
SOLUTIONS rapid evaporation is seen to occur in every parts of the
liquid with the bubbles of vapor escaping to the surface.
[Link] between Heat and Temperature
This process is known boiling.
1. Heat is a measure of the total internal energy of a
body while temperature is the degree of hotness or 5b.
coldness of the body.
2. Heat takes place due to temperature difference while Differences between Boiling and Evaporation:
temperature occurs due to slight change of substance. Boiling Evaporation
3. Heat is measured in joules while temperature is
measured in Kelvin / Celsius. Occurs at a specific
[Link] of Heat (i) Occurs at all temperatures
When heat is applied to a body the following effect may occur temperature
1. Expansion: when heat is applied, volumes increases
while density decreases. Occurs throughout the Occurs at the surface of
2. Change in temperature: When heat is added on a
(ii)
liquid the liquid
body, the temperature increases
3. Change of state: melting, freezing, condensation,
(iii) Bubbles are seen Bubbles are not seen
evaporation etc.
4. Thermion emission: Addition of heat on metal may
result in the emission of electron from the surface of Causes heating and an Causes cooling and a
the metal (iv) increase in the entropy of decrease in the entropy of
Photo electric emission: The emission of electron when the system the system
sufficient light of high frequency is illuminated on a metal
surface e.g. zinc plate.
[Link] capacity of a system is defined as the amount of heat
required to raise the temperature of the system through 1°C
[Link] law of Calorimeter states that heat lost by hot
substance = heat gained by the cold substance 6a. Vapor Pressure
3a. SOLUTION
Data given in the question: When a liquid evaporates in a closed container, the
Heat capacity =585 JK-1, vapor formed above the liquid exerts a pressure.
Specific heat capacity is 390 kg-1K-1 According to kinetic molecular theory, the molecules of
the vapor are in constant motion and will hence exert a
Formula: thermal capacity Cp = mass * specific heat capacity
pressure just like the molecules of a gas. This pressure
Substitution: 585 = mass x 390
is called the vapor pressure of the liquid.
Make mass the subject: Mass = 585 ÷ 390.
Mass = 1.5 Kg
3b. SOLUTION 6b. Saturated and unsaturated vapor pressure and
Data given in the question: its relation to boiling
Mass = 350 g = 350 ÷ 1000 = 0.35 kg,
s.h.c = 900 JK-1 K-1, A saturated vapor is a vapor that is in contact with its
1 = 30°C, 2 = 68°C own liquid within a confined space. When the enclosed
∆ = 2 – 1 = 68 – 30 = 38°C space above a liquid is saturated with vapor molecules
Formula: Q=mxcx∆
and can hold no more molecules, the pressure exerted
Substitution: Q = 0.35 x 900 x 38
Q = 11970 Joules by this saturated vapor is said to be the saturated vapor
4a. SOLUTION pressure (s. v. p) of the liquid. The vapor is said to be
Data given in the question: saturated when the number of molecules escaping from
Mass = 100g = 100 ÷ 1000 = 0.1 kg, the liquid per unit is equal to the number returning to the
c = 4200JK-1K-1, liquid per unit time. The saturated vapor is thus said to
Q = 1000 J be in a state of dynamic equilibrium with its own liquid.
Formula: Q=mxcx∆ Saturated vapor pressure increases with temperature.
Substitution: 1000 = 0.1 x 4200 x ∆
Make ∆ the subject:
On the other hand, the unsaturated vapor is the vapor
∆ = 2.38°C
which is not in contact with its own liquid in a confine
4b. Specific heat capacity of a substance is the quantity
space. It is not in dynamic equilibrium with its own liquid.
of heat that is required to raise the temperature of 1 kg
The rate at which the liquid evaporates is greater than
mass by 1°C or 1Kelvin. The unit of specific heat
the rate at which the liquid condenses. Thus, the
capacity is Joule per Kilogram per Kelvin (JK-1K-1)
pressure exerted by a vapor which is not in contact with
5a. Evaporation is defined as the process by which liquid
its own liquid in a confined space is called unsaturated
molecules breaks away from the surface of the liquid to
vapor pressure.
remain as vapor
As heat is being added to a liquid, its temperature
increases steadily until at a certain temperature when