Humber UTC
Q1.A manufacturer of springs tests the properties of a spring by measuring the load applied
each time the extension is increased. The graph of load against extension is shown below.
(a) State Hooke’s law.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) Calculate the spring constant, k, for the spring. State an appropriate unit.
spring constant ......................................... unit ...............
(3)
Page 1
Humber UTC
(c) Use the graph to find the work done in extending the spring up to point B.
work done ............................................ J
(3)
(d) Beyond point A the spring undergoes plastic deformation.
Explain the meaning of the term plastic deformation.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(1)
(e) When the spring reaches an extension of 0.045 m, the load on it is gradually
reduced to zero. On the graph above sketch how the extension of the spring will
vary with load as the load is reduced to zero.
(2)
(f) Without further calculation, compare the total work done by the spring when the load
is removed with the work that was done by the load in producing the extension of
0.045 m.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 12 marks)
Page 2
Humber UTC
M1.(a) Force proportional to extension
up to the limit of proportionality (accept elastic limit) dependent upon award of
first mark
Symbols must be defined
allow ‘F=kΔL (or F ∝ ΔL) up to the limit of proportionality ’ for
Accept word equation
allow stress ∝ strain up to the limit of proportionality’ for the
the second mark only
second mark only
2
(b) Gradient clearly attempted / use of k=F / ΔL
k = 30 / 0.026 = 1154
or 31 / 0.027 = 1148
correct values used to calculate gradient with appropriate 2sf answer given (1100 or
1200)
1100 or 1200 with no other working gets 1 out of 2
OR 1154 ± 6 seen
Do not allow 32/0.0280 or 33/0.0290 (point A) for second
mark.
AND load used >= 15 (= 1100 or 1200 (2sf) )
32 / 0.028 is outside tolerance. 32/0.0277 is just inside.
Nm / N / m (newtons per metre)
−1
(not n / m, n / M, N / M)
3
(c) any area calculated or link energy with area / use of 1 / 2FΔL
(or 0.001 Nm for little squares)
35 whole squares, 16 part gives 43 ± 1.0
OR equivalent correct method to find whole area
0.025 Nm per (1cm) square × candidates number of squares and correctly
evaluated
OR (= 1.075) = 1.1 (J) (1.05 to 1.10 if not rounded)
3
Page 3
Humber UTC
(d) permanent deformation / permanent extension
Allow: ‘doesn’t return to original length’; correct reference to
‘yield’ e.g. allow ‘extension beyond the yield point’
do not accept: ‘does not obey Hooke’s law’ or ‘ceases to
obey Hooke’s law’,
1
(e) any line from B to a point on the x axis from 0.005 to 0.020
straight line from B to x axis (and no further) that reaches x axis for 0.010<=ΔL<=
0.014
2
(f) work done by spring < work done by the load
Accept ‘less work’ or ‘it is less’ (we assume they are referring
to the work done by spring)
1
[12]
Page 4
