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Escherichia Coli

The document discusses various pathotypes of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and their interactions with human intestinal epithelial cells, categorizing them into six main types: ETEC, EPEC, EHEC, EAEC, EIEC, and DAEC. It also outlines the colonization sites of pathogenic E. coli in the human body, including the small intestine, large intestine, kidney, bladder, brain, and bloodstream. Additionally, it highlights the specific serogroups associated with each pathotype and their respective characteristics.

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12 views1 page

Escherichia Coli

The document discusses various pathotypes of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and their interactions with human intestinal epithelial cells, categorizing them into six main types: ETEC, EPEC, EHEC, EAEC, EIEC, and DAEC. It also outlines the colonization sites of pathogenic E. coli in the human body, including the small intestine, large intestine, kidney, bladder, brain, and bloodstream. Additionally, it highlights the specific serogroups associated with each pathotype and their respective characteristics.

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humaxvyoepwxvfbnop
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252 14 Escherichia coli

Fig. 14.4 Virotype


classifications of
Escherichia coli based
on their interaction with
intestinal villous
epithelial cells:
enterotoxigenic E. coli
(ETEC),
enteropathogenic E. coli
(EPEC),
enterohemorrhagic E.
coli (EHEC),
enteroaggregative E. coli
(EAEC), enteroinvasive
E. coli (EIEC), and
diffusely adhering E.
coli (DAEC). LT
Heat-labile toxin, ST
heat-stable toxin, bfp
bundle-forming pili, A/E
lesion attachment/
effacement lesion
showing actin
accumulation, Stx Shiga
toxin

Table 14.1 Colonization sites of pathogenic E. coli in


the human body (ST), but they do not invade epithelial cells.
Organs and tissues The predominant serogroups are O6, O8,
affected Pathotypes O11, O15, O20, O25, O27, O78, O128, O148,
Small intestine ETEC, EPEC, DAEC, EAEC O149, O159, and O173.
Large intestine EHEC (STEC), EIEC, EAEC 2. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) adhere to
Kidney UPEC epithelial cells intimately, produce attach-
Bladder UPEC ment/effacement (A/E) lesion, and are nonin-
Brain NMEC
vasive. They do not produce any heat-labile
Bloodstream UPEC, NMEC, SepEC
(LT), heat-stable (ST), or Shiga toxins (Stx).
The notable serogroups are O26, O55, O86,
(SepEC), uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), and O111, O114, O119, O125, O126, O127,
neonatal meningitis-causing E. coli (NMEC). O128, O142, and O158.
Diarrheagenic E. coli are again divided into six 3. Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) and
pathotypes (Fig. 14.4): (1) enterotoxigenic E. coli their most pathogenic subset enterohemor-
(ETEC), (2) enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), (3) rhagic E. coli (EHEC): EHEC bind strongly to
Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) and their the epithelial cells, produce attachment/
most pathogenic subset enterohemorrhagic E. effacement lesions, and produce Stx. The
coli (EHEC), (4) enteroaggregative E. coli serogroups are O4, O5, O16, O26, O45, O55,
(EAEC), (5) enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), and O91, O103, O111ab, O113, O121, O117,
(6) diffusely adhering E. coli (DAEC). O145, O157, O172, O176, O177, O178,
O180, and O181.
1. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) adhere to epi- 4. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) adhere to
thelial cells and produce several toxins includ- epithelial cells; form aggregates, appearing
ing heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable toxins like “stacked brick;” and produce toxin but do

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