SOLUTIONS
PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
1. (a) Ishan’s automobile radiator is filled with 1.0Kg of water. How many grams of ethylene glycol
(Molar mass=62g/mol) must Ishan add to get the lowering in freezing point 2.80C. Kf for water is 1.86
KKgmol-1.
(b) What type of deviation from Raoult’s law is shown by ethanol and acetone mixture? Give reason
2. Identify which liquid will have a higher vapour pressure at 90°C if the boiling points of two liquids A
and B are 140°C and 180°C, respectively.
3. Predict the state of the solute in the solution in the following situations:
(a) When ‘i’ is found to be more than one.
(b) When ‘i’ is found to be less than one.
4. What happens when
(i) A pressure greater than osmotic pressure is applied on the solution side separated from solvent by
a semipermeable membrane?
(ii) Acetone is added to pure ethanol?
5. State Raoult’s law for a solution containing volatile components. Write two characteristics of the
solution which obeys Raoult’s law at all concentrations.
6. Give reasons:
(a) A decrease in temperature is observed on mixing ethanol and acetone.
(b) Potassium chloride solution freezes at a lower temperature than water.
7. Give reasons:
(a) An increase in temperature is observed on mixing chloroform and acetone.
(b) Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water.
8. (a) Out of 0·1 molal aqueous solution of glucose and 0·1 molal aqueous solution of KCl, which one will
have higher boiling point and why?
(b) Predict whether van’t Hoff factor, (i) is less than one or greater than one in the following:
(i) CH3COOH dissolved in water
(ii) CH3COOH dissolved in benzene
9. What type of azeotropic mixture will be formed by a solution of acetone and chloroform? Justify on
the basis of strength of intermolecular interactions that develop in the solution.
10. Draw the graph between vapour pressure and temperature and explain the elevation in boiling point
of a solvent in solution.
11. Give reasons for the following:
12. (a) Measurement of osmotic pressure method is preferred for the determination of molar masses of
macromolecules such as proteins and polymers.
(b) Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water.
(c) Elevation of boiling point of 1 M KCl solution is nearly double than that of 1 M sugar solution.
13. What are colligative properties? Write the colligative property which is used to find the molecular
mass of macromolecules.
14. Gas (A) is more soluble in water than Gas (B) at the same temperature. Which one of the two gases
will have the higher value of KH (Henry’s constant) and why?
15. Out of 1 M glucose and 2 M glucose, which one has a higher boiling point and why?
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16. Blood cells are isotonic with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. What happens if we place blood cells in
a solution containing.
(i) 1.2% sodium chloride solution?
(ii) 0.4% sodium chloride solution?
17. On mixing liquid X and liquid Y, volume of the resulting solution decreases. What type of deviation
from Raoult’s law is shown by the resulting solution? What change in temperature would be observe
after mixing liquids X and Y?
18. What is meant by positive deviations from Raoult’s law? Given an example? What is the sign of
Δ𝐦𝐢𝐱𝐇 for positive deviation?
19. Define azeotropes. What type of azeotrope is formed by positive deviation from Raoult’s law? Give
an example.
20. Explain the following:
(i) Henry's law about dissolution of a gas in a liquid
(ii) Boiling point elevation constant for a solvent
21. For a 5% solution of urea (Molar mass = 60 g/mol), calculate the osmotic pressure at 300 K. [R = 0·0821
L atm K–1 mol–1]
22. Calculate the mass of ascorbic acid (Molar mass = 176 g mol–1) to be dissolved in 75 g of acetic acid,
to lower its freezing point by 1·5°C.
(Kf = 3·9 K kg mol–1)
23. A solution contains 5·85 g NaCl (Molar mass = 58·5 g mol–1) per litre of solution. It has an osmotic
pressure of 4·75 atm at 27°C. Calculate the degree of dissociation of NaCl in this solution.
(Given: R = 0·082 L atm K–1 mol–1)
24. A 10% solution (by mass) of sucrose in water has a freezing point of 269.15 K. Calculate the freezing
point of 10% glucose in water if the freezing point of pure water is 273.15 K.
(Given: molar mass of sucrose =342 g/mol, Molar mass of glucose =180 g/mol)
A. 265. 53 K B. 265. 53 K
C. 271. 32 K D. 282.43 K
25. The vapour pressure of pure benzene at a certain temperature is 0.850 bar. A non-volatile, non-
electrolyte solid weighing 0.5 g when added to 39.0 g of benzene (molar mass 78 g mol-1). Vapour
pressure of the solution, then, is 0.845 bar. What is the molar mass of the solid substance?
26. The boiling point of benzene is 353.23 K. When 1.80 g of a non-volatile solute was dissolved in 90 g
of benzene, the boiling point is raised to 354.11 K. Calculate the molar mass of the solute. K b for
benzene is 2.53 K kg mol –1
27. 1.00 g of a non-electrolyte solute dissolved in 50 g of benzene lowered the freezing point of benzene
by 0.40 K. The freezing point depression constant of benzene is 5.12 K kg mol –1. Find the molar mass
of the solute.
28. 200 cm3 of an aqueous solution of a protein contains 1.26 g of the protein. The osmotic pressure of
such a solution at 300 K is found to be 2.57 × 10-3 bar. Calculate the molar mass of the protein.
29. Calculate the mass of ascorbic acid (vitamin C, C6H8O6) to be dissolved in 75 g of acetic acid to lower
its melting point by 1·5°C. (Kf for CH3COOH) = 3·9 K kg mol-1) & (molar mass of ascorbic acid =
176g/mol)
30. An aqueous solution of 2 percent non-volatile solute exerts a pressure of 1·004 bar at the boiling point
of the solvent. What is the molecular mass of the solute?
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