CONDITIONALS

if + present simple, + will / going to clause the first conditional for real possibilities

= if + possibility in the future + result in the future If I have enough money next year, I'll buy a house.
= if+ possibility in the present + result in the future If you leave now, you won’t be late.

if+ past simple, + would clause the second conditional for unreal situations

= if + something untrue in the present + impossible If I knew the answer, I would tell you.
result in the present or future (= I don’t know the answer so I can’t tell you)
= if + something unlikely in the future + unlikely If I won the lottery I’d give up work.
result in the future (= I probably won’t win the lottery so I won't give up work)
= were can be used instead of was If I were rich, I’d buy you a new car.

if + past perfect, + would have done the third conditional for past possibilities

= if + something that didn’t happen in the past + If they’d invited me, I would have gone to the party.
result that didn’t happen in the past (= they didn’t invite me so I didn't go to the party)

Use if + past perfect, + would a mixed conditional

= if + something that didn't happen in the past + If you hadn’t stayed out late last night, you wouldn't be tired
result that isn’t true in the present now. (= you did stay out late last night so you are tired now)

may/might, could, should result or consequence is not certain, only a possibility

If + present simple, may / might If I have enough money next year I may buy a house.
If + past perfect, may / might have + perfect If you hadn’t helped me, I might have succeeded.
If I won the lottery, I could give up work
If you hadn’t helped me, I couldn’t have done it.
If you wanted to keep this secret, you shouldn’t have told
George

A-Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form / correct types of conditional.
1 If you ……don’t put up…. (not/put up) this shelf, you won’t have anywhere to put your books.
2 If he …………………. …………………. (change) jobs, he would be a lot happier.
3 If I were you, I …………………. …………………. (tell) her how you feel.
4 If you continue to shout so loudly, you …………………. …………………. (wake up) the baby.
5 Even if he …………………. …………………. (ask) them, they wouldn’t have agreed to come.
6 Unless you …………………. …………………. (feel) any better, you can take the rest of the day off.
7 If she …………………. …………………. (not/threaten) him, he wouldn’t have left.
8 I …………………. (not/trust) him if I were you.
9 If you’re patient for a few minutes, I …………………. …………………. (be able) to finish this.
10 He …………………. …………………. (not/go) with her if he had known she would behave so
irresponsibly.
11 I wouldn’t have been able to do it unless she …………………. …………………. (help) me.
12 Sometimes if you …………………. …………………. (take) a chance, it pays off.
13 If he …………………. …………………. (wake up) earlier, he wouldn’t have been late for work.
14 If they will go on making so much noise, I …………………. …………………. (have to) punish them.
15 It we …………………. …………………. (intend) to spend the day in London, we would have bought a
day pass.
16 Keep your voice down in case he …………………. …………………. (overhear) us.
17 If she …………………. …………………. (be) more experienced, she would be more likely to get the job.
18 If the food …………………. …………………. (not/be) so bad, we wouldn't have complained.
19 Sales will increase provided that the advertising campaign …………………. …………………. (be)
successful.
20 If you …………………. …………………. (spend) less on clothes, you would be able to save some money.

B- Rewrite the following statements to form first, second, third or mixed conditionals.
21 You're unfit because you don’t do enough exercise.
If you did enough exercise, you would be fit.
22 I got angry because he was rude to me.
If he
23 I might go to live m Australia but I'll have to find a job first.
If I
24 You only know about this because I told you.
If I
25 I didn't tell her about it because she didn’t ask me.
If she
26 You don’t know this programme because you don't watch television a lot.
If you
27 We're not sitting outside because it's raining.
If it
28 We're friends again because he apologized to me.
If he
29 You didn’t hear what I said because you weren’t listening.
If you
30 I’m feeling ill because I ate too much.
If I

unless

Unless you help me I won’t be able to do it.

= If … not
We are going to go for a walk tomorrow, unless it’s raining.
I don’t know why she was angry, unless my comments had
= except … if
annoyed her

in case
To talk about something that might possibly happen
= in case + present I’m going to leave early in case it takes a long time to get there.
Take my number in case you need to phone me later on.
= in case + any tense I took a sandwich in case I got hungry on the journey
In case you haven’t heard the news, I’ll tell you.

as long as I provided (that) /providing (that)

to talk about something that must happen or be true in order for the other part of the sentence to happen or be true
= as long as / provided / providing + present As long as you leave before 3, you’ll catch the plane.
tense I’ll go back to work tomorrow provided (that) I’m feeling better.
= as long as I provided /I providing + any He told me I could stay as long as I was quiet.
tense Providing that you’ve followed my instructions, everything will be
 fine.

even if
to talk about a possibility which does not affect or make any difference to what is stated in the other part of the
sentence
Even if she apologizes, I won’t forgive her.
Even if I’d tried hard, I would have failed.
= even if + conditional pattern
Even if I’d done what you suggested, I’d be in the same position
now.
= even if + any tense Even if you speak the language, it isn’t easy to make friends here.
use even if with any appropriate verb tense to talk about the consequences of possible facts

31 Write my address down because you might want to contact me. (case)
Write my address down …in case you want to contact me.
32 I’ll lend you the money but you must give it back to me next week, (long)
I'll lend you the money …………..…………..…………..…………..………….. it back to me next week
33 You can ask me a thousand times but I’ll never agree, (even)
I’ll never agree …………..…………………..…..…………..………….. me a thousand times.
34 If you don’t work hard, you won’t get anywhere in life, (unless)
You won’t get anywhere in life …………..……………..………..…………..………….. hard.
35 To catch that tram we must leave now. (providing)
We’ll catch that train …………..…………..…………..……………..……….. now.
36 He hasn’t got a lot of money but he’d be unhappy anyway, (even)
He’d be unhappy …………..…………..…………..………….…………... a lot of money.
37 I’ll be polite to him but he must be polite to me. (provided)
I’ll be polite to him …………..…………..…………..………….…………... polite to me.
38 If she doesn't get promoted soon, she’ll leave the company, (unless)
She’ll leave the company …………..…………..…………..………….…………... soon.
39 Let's talk about this now because we might not have an opportunity later, (case)
Let's talk about this now …………..…………..…………..…………..………….. an opportunity
later.
48. I didn’t run all the way there but I would have been late anyway, (even)
I would have been late …………..……………..………..…………..………….. all the way there.
C- CORRECT THE MISTAKES
1.- If you’d be more sensible, you didn’t think about such stupid things.
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2.- Unless I don’t have any problem, I won’t bother you.
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3.- Would you help me if you can?
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4.- I’d have bought her a present if she invited me to her birthday party.
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5.- Nobody had noticed if you left the party before the others.
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 6.- If he had been a vegetarian, he wouldn’t eat meat.
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7.- If you came to my party, you’ll enjoy yourself.
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8.- I wouldn’t look up his phone number in the directory if I know it.
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9.- She wouldn’t spend her savings unless it weren’t necessary.
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10.- Would he win de contest if he had entered for it?
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11.- I’ll give up smoking if I had a cold.
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12.- If she works harder, she would pass her exams.
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13.- If she hadn’t a dog, she would feel lonely.
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14.- They’d had understood if you’d explained it to them clearly.
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D- CIRCLE THE RIGHT OPTION:
1.- If we TAKE / WILL TAKE a taxi, we WILL ARRIVE / ARRIVED sooner.

2.- You WOULDN’T GET / DIDN’T GET wet if you WOULD HAVE WORN / WERE WEARING a coat.

3.- If our team HAD SCORED / SCORED more goals, it HAD WON / COULD HAVE WON.

4.- I HAD GIVEN / WOULD HAVE GIVEN you the news if you PHONED / HAD PHONED me
yesterday.

5.- If you TOOK / WOULD HAVE TAKEN more exercise, you MIGHT FEEL / HAD FELT better

6.- If Tim DROVE / HAD DRIVEN more carefully, he WOULDN’T HAVE CRASHED / DIDN’T
CRASH.

7.- If we ARE/WOULD BE LATE for class, our teacher WILL BE / WAS angry.

8.- If we LIVED / WOULD LIVE on another planet, we WOULD SEE / WILL SEE the Earth in the sky.

9.- If we WERE / ARE birds, we WOULD BE ABLE / ARE ABLE to fly.

10.- If you DON’T WEAR / WOULDN’T WEAR your pullover, you WILL FEEL / FELT cold.

11.- If I HAD / WOULD HAVE lots of money, I WOULD GIVE / GAVE some to all my friends.

12.- If I HAD KNOWN / WOULD KNOW it was your birthday, I WOULD SEN / WOULD HAVE SENT
you a card.

13.- If you HAD COME / CAME to seen the film, you WOULD HAVE ENJOYED/ HAD ENJOYED it.
 E- Choose the best one.

1. I ………………. very unhappy if my friends didn’t come to my party.

a) would have been b) will be c) would d) would be
2. If the old man …………………. some money, he would hire a taxi.
a) have b) had c) would have d) had had

3. If you had come in time, you ……………………. the lesson.

a) wouldn’t miss b) would miss
c) would have missed d) wouldn’t have missed
4. I could have heard the telephone if I ……………………….. so deeply.
a) didn’t sleep b) hadn’t been sleeping
c) wouldn’t sleep d) wouldn’t have slept
5. If he doesn’t pay the bill, he ………………………. into trouble.
a) won’t get b) will get c) would get d) would have got
6. If the weather …………………… good, we would go swimming.
a) was b) would be c) were d) is
7. Your brother wouldn’t have found such a nice job if he ……………………. a university diploma.
a) didn’t have b) doesn’t have c) hadn’t had d) hadn’t
8. You would have some money in your pocket if you ……………………. it so generously.
a) hadn’t spent b) didn’t spend c) couldn’t spend d) don’t spend
9. If you don’t succeed in the test, you …………………….. the job.
a) were not going to get b) wouldn’t get c) won’t get d) didn’t get
10. We wouldn’t be here now if we ……………………….. in that airplane crash.
a) were b) had been c) are d) had to be

F) Complete the following sentences in column A using the correct choice from column B.

A B
1. Everyone on board the plane would have died a) If I had not been to a doctor.
2. If the officials hadn’t stopped the poor man, b) if you had taken him to the fun-fair.
3. If the climbers had found an easy way, c) if the plane had crashed.
4. I would be in a hospital now d) she could have bought some expensive
clothes
5. We would have got wet e) so many people wouldn’t have been
killed.
6. If he had had enough time last summer, f) he could have built his small house in
two days.
7. I might have come to your help g) if we hadn’t taken our umbrellas.
8. If the driver had not slept, h) they could have reached the top easily.
9. The young boy would have been very happy i) he would have gone on a holiday.
10. If her father had been rich, j) if I had had time last Sunday.