Edge Computing in 5G

Alliance University, Anekal-Bengaluru. April 24

K.Eeshwari Devi

2021BIFT07AED005
[email protected]

computing for 5G. The article then emphasizes

Abstract:
edge computing and elaborates on its
definition and how it can overcome the
The purpose of 5G, the next generation of insufficiencies of cloud computing in 5G. The
mobile networks, is to improve the quality article also outlines the utilization of edge
of service by reducing latency and computing in 5G, including autonomous
increasing throughput. Edge computing, a vehicles, virtual reality, and augmented reality.
new technology that brings cloud
capabilities closer to the end user (or user
equipment), is helping to advance the 5G In conclusion, the article investigates the idea
network. This technology addresses some of edge computing and its applications in 5G
of the concerns associated with traditional networks. It highlights that edge computing
cloud systems, such as high latency and can overcome the inadequacies of traditional
inadequate security. Our research has cloud computing by bringing cloud
produced a taxonomy of edge computing capabilities closer to the end-users. This leads
in 5G, which outlines the most advanced to a decrease in latency and a security
solutions currently available. Our improvement.
taxonomy is based on factors such as
goals, computational platforms, Section 1- Introduction
characteristics, 5G functionalities,
performance metrics, and roles. 1.1 Introduction to Edge Computing
Additionally, we emphasize important Edge computing refers to the practice
aspects, such as the necessary conditions of computing and processing client
for the effective implementation of 5G.
data in proximity to the data source, as
Keywords: 5G, cloud computing, edge opposed to relying on a centralized
computing, fog computing. server or cloud-based location. The key
concept behind edge computing is to
enhance accessibility and efficiency for
end-users by bringing computing
resources, data storage, and enterprise
Literature Review for Your Paper on
applications closer to them.
Virtualization in Cloud Computing
Essentially, the primary objective of
A discussion regarding edge computing and its edge computing is to process and store
significance in 5G networks is presented. The data as close as possible to its origin,
article commences by introducing 5G and
describes the constraints of conventional cloud
 rather than relying on a centralized internet load, faster response times,
location such as a cloud-based server. improved security, better application
performance, deeper insights, critical data
analysis, and enhanced customer
experiences.
Edge computing minimizes processing
latency and bandwidth usage by
processing data at the source. Michael
Clegg, VP and GM of IoT and Embedded
at Supermicro, compares this to a pizza
restaurant that has multiple branches to
Figure 1 Edge Computing Architecture serve customers in different areas. By
processing data at the edge, it reduces the
Data accumulation is crucial for modern need to send information to and from the
businesses, but it has led to internet cloud.
congestion resulting in bandwidth
constraints and latency issues. Edge
computing processes data closer to the
1.2 Basic Components of Edge
source and presents numerous benefits, Computing
including reduced internet load, faster
response times, improved security, better Emphasis on locations is crucial in edge
application performance, deeper insights, computing as it enables businesses to
critical data analysis, and enhanced access in-depth data from multiple
customer experiences. Therefore, it is a locations. This becomes particularly
practical solution that every modern important in meeting the needs of future
business should adopt to improve its customers. Edge computing allows for
operations and stay competitive in the real-time analysis of critical data without
market. The accumulation of data has the need to send it thousands of miles
become a crucial aspect of modern away. This is a significant step forward for
business operations. This has resulted in companies looking to develop high-
internet congestion, leading to issues such performance applications with low latency.
as bandwidth constraints and latency
Edge computing has been a significant part
problems. In contrast to traditional
of the technological landscape even before
computing models where data is generated
the advent of IoT. Its origins can be traced
by user or client computers, edge
back to content delivery networks (CDN)
computing presents a viable solution by
and has since evolved into an
processing data closer to the source.
indispensable requirement for businesses
Edge computing is an innovative solution today.
that every forward-thinking business
issue.
should consider implementing to enhance
its operations and maintain a competitive
edge in the market. This technology offers
numerous benefits, including reduced
 programming of IoT devices, speed
is a critical requirement. This is
why IoT and edge computing is an
ideal combination, as they
complement each other perfectly.
The deployment of IoT in edge
computing capabilities that are in
close proximity to devices enables
businesses to respond to newly
acquired data within a matter of
Figure 2 Components Edge Computing. seconds. Failure to adopt edge
networks could result in companies
The present study sheds light on the missing out on cost savings,
concept of edge computing and its increased efficiency, and improved
functioning, which is carried out in connectivity.
synchronization with three core
components. The analysis of these 2. Communication Networks
components is crucial in understanding the The emergence of 5G technology
efficacy of edge computing and its has engendered a multitude of
potential to deliver optimal results. exciting innovations and
developments. Regrettably, the
network's capabilities have been
1. Internet Of Things (IOT) bogged down by the advent of new
The utilization of IoT devices has wireless devices, including IoT,
surged in recent years, resulting in resulting in a challenging scenario
a corresponding increase in to manage the enormous influx of
bandwidth consumption. The large virtual data. Fortunately, two
volume of data generated by these powerful technologies, namely 5G
devices poses a challenge to communication networks and edge
companies, causing complications computing, have been identified to
in managing and storing the data, address these challenges. The
which ultimately impacts private convergence of these technologies
clouds and data centers. is proving to be a game-changer
The non-exhaustive possibilities of and is significantly improving our
the Internet of Things (IoT) have lives. Specifically, the nexus of
generated significant excitement edge computing and 5G networks
among businesses. IoT has is driving the digital transformation
emerged as a key driving force for for contemporary businesses.
edge computing in various ways.
Specifically, edge computing
primarily resides in an IoT 3. Cloud Computing
environment where data is stored Over an extended period,
remotely, far from the central data centralized cloud computing has
server. In light of the efficient been the preeminent standard in the
 IT industry and continues to be the  Scalability: Resources are
undisputed leader. However, the allocated dynamically in edge
distinction between cloud and edge computing, which enables
computing can often be challenging efficient management of
to discern. Preceding edge workload fluctuations.
computing, cloud computing is a  Real-time Insights: Edge
formidable tool implemented to computing has the ability to
store and process computer enable organizations to carry
resources in a centralized data out instant data analysis,
centre. Conversely, edge thereby providing valuable
computing is a distributed model insights in real-time.
typically deployed by applications
and devices that require swift
responses, real-time data Section 2- Background
processing, and essential insights.
This section presents an outline of 5G, the
1.3 Benefits of Edge Computing timing properties of data, edge computing,
Edge computing provides numerous along with the significant needs and the
benefits in different industries and uses of edge computing in 5G.
applications, improving efficiency,
2.1. Requirements of 5G Systems
performance, and scalability. Below
The emergence of 5G networks
are some of its main advantages:
represents a significant milestone
 Low Latency: Edge computing
in the evolution of wireless
is a technology that processes
communication, driven by the need
data closer to its origin,
to meet diverse demands. The
thereby reducing latency. This
critical requirements include high
attribute facilitates real-time
data rates, ultra-low latency, and
response for applications such
robust reliability, which are
as the Internet of Things (IoT)
essential for a broad range of
and autonomous vehicles.
applications, including high-
 Bandwidth Optimization: This
definition video streaming and real-
approach ensures that data
time services such as autonomous
processing occurs in close
vehicles. Moreover, the 5G
proximity to the source,
network must support massive
resulting in a more efficient
connectivity, optimize spectral and
and sustainable use of network
energy efficiency, and maintain
resources.
stringent security and privacy
 Data Privacy and Security: The
standards. The concept of network
enhancement of privacy and
slicing further enhances the
security can be achieved by
adaptability and scalability of the
processing data locally, which
5G network. These requirements
can significantly reduce the
embody the transformative
risk of breaches and ensure
capabilities of 5G technology,
compliance with regulations.
 heralding a new era of unparalleled traffic signal control
performance and innovation in the systems generate this type
digital landscape.The evolution of of data.
5G systems represents a pivotal
advancement in wireless  Non-real-time data is not
communication, propelled by time-sensitive and can
stringent requirements tailored to tolerate latency.
meet diverse needs. Key among
these are high data rates, ultra-low
latency, and robust reliability, 2.3. Significance of Edge Computing
crucial for applications ranging The transformative power of edge
from high-definition video computing on data processing,
streaming to real-time services like analysis, and decision-making is
autonomous vehicles. Additionally, what makes it so significant. Time-
5G must accommodate massive sensitive applications such as
connectivity, optimize spectral and autonomous vehicles and Internet
energy efficiency, and uphold of Things require real-time or near-
stringent security and privacy real-time responses, which edge
standards. Network slicing further computing significantly reduces by
augments adaptability and moving computation closer to the
scalability. In essence, these source of data generation.
requirements encapsulate the Scalability is further improved by
transformative capabilities of 5G, this method since computing
heralding a new era of unparalleled resources can be dynamically
performance and innovation in the distributed at the edge to handle the
digital landscape. increasing number of connected
devices and data streams.
2.2. Main Characteristics of 5G Data
Data can be classified into three 2.4. Key Requirements of Edge
primary categories based on its Computing in 5G
time attributes: In the context of 5G networks,
edge computing's essential
 Hard real-time data follows requirements are specifically
a strict predefined latency designed to meet the particular
and is typically generated needs of distributed computing at
by applications like the network edge. The following
healthcare services, video are the primary prerequisites:
streaming, and gaming.
Edge computing in 5G networks
 Soft real-time data also necessitates certain requirements to
adheres to a predefined handle the complexities of
latency, but it can tolerate decentralized computation at the
some bounded latency. network edge. The most important
Applications like intelligent of these is the requirement for
 extremely low latency, which is and data. Doctors can use a
essential for edge data processing remote platform to operate
in real-time or almost real-time. surgical tools to save lives from a
This is especially important for distance where they feel safe and
applications that depend on latency, comfortable.
such as augmented reality and the
 Entertainment and multimedia
Internet of Things, where quick
applications, such as streaming
responses are critical. High
HDTV or 3D TV.
bandwidth capabilities are also
essential for enabling smooth data  Virtual reality, augmented reality,
transfer between edge nodes and and mixed reality, such as
centralized cloud servers, streaming video content to virtual
guaranteeing peak performance. In reality glasses. The size of the
order to minimize disruptions and glasses can be reduced by
maintain continuous operation, offloading computation from the
particularly for critical glasses to edge servers.
applications, robust reliability and
resilience mechanisms are equally  Tactile internet, which is the next
important. This calls for redundant evolution of the Internet of things,
protocols and failover mechanisms. provides ultra-responsive and
ultra-reliable network connectivity
Furthermore, scalability is to ensure the successful delivery of
necessary to support the rapidly real-time control messages and
increasing number of edge devices physical tactile experiences
and growing data volumes, remotely.
allowing the edge infrastructure  URLLC, which ensures high
to dynamically adjust to changing reliability between UEs specifically
needs. Together, these essential in M2M communications, supports
requirements highlight how low-latency transmissions of small
important edge computing is to payloads with very high reliability
enhancing 5G network from a limited set of UEs, such as
capabilities and opening up new fire alarms.
avenues for real-time services and
applications.  Internet of things, such as smart
appliances that connect devices
(e.g., household appliances) to the
Section 3- Applications
internet.
3.1 Applications of Edge Computing in
5G  Factories of the future, such as
Edge computing is essential to many smart machines, to improve safety
5G applications that require high data and productivity. Operators can
rates, high availability, local use a remote platform to operate
processing, and real-time interaction. heavy machines, particularly those
These applications include: located at hard-to-reach and
 Healthcare, such as remote surgery unsafe places, from a safe and
and diagnostics, as well as comfortable place.
monitoring of patient vital signs
 Emergency response, whereby computing reduces the distance
different kinds of data and data travels, which improves
information about an event or user experience while enabling
incident are gathered from vital functions like remote
different sources at different times. surgery and autonomous car
The partially available data and navigation that require
information are used to make immediate feedback.
critical decisions, and they provide
a more complete picture of the In addition, edge computing is
event as time goes by. Decisions essential for 5G network
made are shared with the bandwidth optimization. It
emergency response team (e.g., lessens the need to send
firefighters) in real time, even massive amounts of data over
before their arrival at the location great distances to centralized
of the event. cloud servers by processing
data locally at the edge. This
 Intelligent transportation system,
optimization reduces data
whereby drivers can share or
transmission costs, relieves
gather information from traffic
network congestion, and
information centers to avoid
preserves bandwidth—
vehicles that are in danger or stop
especially in settings where
abruptly, in a real-time manner to
bandwidth is expensive or
avoid accidents. In addition,
scarce.
unmanned vehicles can sense their
surroundings and move safely in
Furthermore, edge computing's
an autonomous manner.
decentralized structure
improves 5G networks'
dependability and resilience. It
3.2 Role of Edge Computing in reduces the possibility of single
5G points of failure and guarantees
Edge computing takes on a continuous operation even in
complex and vital role in the the event of hardware or
context of 5G networks, acting network failures by distributing
as a keystone for efficiency and computing resources among
innovation in a range of fields. several edge devices.
Its primary function is to enable Resilience is further
low-latency data processing, strengthened by redundancy
which is accomplished by mechanisms and failover
moving computational tasks protocols, which are essential
closer to the data generation for preserving service
point and decentralizing them. continuity, particularly for
Because of this close proximity, mission-critical applications.
time-sensitive applications like
augmented reality, driverless The role of edge computing in
cars, and the Internet of Things 5G networks also revolves
can respond in real-time or around scalability. Scalability is
almost in real-time. Edge
essential to guarantee effective
resource usage and meet
changing demands due to the
increasing number of edge
devices and the exponential
growth of data generated at the
network edge. Because of their
extreme scalability, edge
computing architectures allow Conclusion
for the dynamic distribution of
processing power to In conclusion, the literature on edge
accommodate varying computing in 5G networks highlights its
workloads. In addition to pivotal role in revolutionizing various
making it easier to integrate aspects of communication and computing.
new edge devices into the Through reducing latency, optimizing
network, this scalability bandwidth usage, enhancing reliability,
guarantees peak performance and addressing scalability challenges, edge
and efficiency. computing offers significant opportunities
for improving the performance, efficiency,
Additionally, edge computing and resilience of 5G networks. However,
improves 5G network security while substantial progress has been made
and privacy for data. Sensitive in understanding and addressing key
data is processed locally at the challenges, further research is needed to
edge, minimizing exposure to explore advanced techniques,
possible threats during data architectures, and applications to fully
transmission. Using this realize the potential of edge computing in
method, businesses can put the 5G era. With ongoing advancements
strong access control, and collaborations between academia,
authentication, and encryption industry, and regulatory bodies, the
systems in place to safeguard integration of edge computing with 5G
against illegal access and networks holds promise for enabling
guarantee privacy laws are transformative applications and services
followed. Additionally, by that will shape the future of connectivity
enabling data analysis at the and computing.
network's edge, edge
computing promotes real-time
insights and decision-making.
Applications where prompt
action is essential for
maximizing performance and
efficiency, like dynamic
optimization, anomaly
detection, and predictive
maintenance, greatly benefit
from this capability.
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