ME 714 Computer-integrated Manufacturing (1)
Assignment 3
Due: February 7, 2019
Note: Please show all the important steps while answering the questions.
1. Use a uniform quadratic B-spline with four control points to find a (approximate) representation [8]
(E 0 ) of the ellipse (E) shown in Fig. ??. What is the % error in the area?
(AreaE 0 − AreaE )
%Errorarea = × 100
AreaE
[Hint: Use numerical integration to calculate area under the curve]
Figure 1: Ellipse E
The ellipse can be divided into four segments I, II, III, IV as shown in the figure. Each segment
can be represented by a uniform quadratic B-spline with a set of three control points out of the
chosen 4 control points (V1 , V2 , V3 , V4 ). Using (V1 , V2 , V3 ) for the first segment I,
1h 2 i 1 −2 1 6 1
BI (t) =
t t 1 −2 2 0 6 3
2
1 1 0 2 3
BI (t) = [x, y] = [6 − 2t2 , 2 + 2t − t2 ]
Similarly,
BII (t) = [x, y] = [2t2 − 4t + 4, 3 − t2 ] with (V2 , V3 , V4 )
Soham Mujumdar ME 714 CIM(1) Assignment 3 Page 1 of ??
BIII (t) = [x, y] = [2t2 + 2, t2 − 2t + 2] with (V3 , V4 , V1 )
BIV (t) = [x, y] = [−2t2 + 4t + 4, t2 + 1] with (V4 , V1 , V2 )
For calculating the error in area, using segment I alone will be sufficient,
∆Area = Area(Bspline) − Area(ellipse)/4
Z 6
∆Area = (y − 2)dx − pi ∗ 2 ∗ 1/4 = 1.666 − 1.571 = 0.096
4
%Errorarea = (0.09/1.57) × 100 = 6.11%
2. Find a parametric representation of the torus constructed by rotating the ellipse in Fig. ?? about [4]
the Y-axis.
Figure 2: Torus by rotating ellipse E
In XY plane, the parametric representation of the ellipse is
E = [x, y] = [4 + 2cosθ, 2 + sinθ], 0 ≤ θ < 2π
When a point on the ellipse (x,y,0) is rotated by angle β about the Y-axis, it’s coordinates will
become (xcosβ, y, xsinβ), thus the parametric representation of the torus is,
T = [x, y, z] = [(4 + 2cosθ)cosβ, 2 + sinθ, (4 + 2cosθ)sinβ], 0 ≤ θ < 2π 0 ≤ β < 2π
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3. Verify Euler-Poincare law for the following part. [5]
F = 20, E = 51, V = 34, L = 3, B = 1, G = 1
To verify Euler-Poincare law,
LHS = F − E + V − L = 20 − 51 + 34 − 3 = 0
RHS = 2(B − G) = 0
LHS = RHS verified.
4. For assembly of electronic components on a printed circuit board (’PCB’ shown in Fig. ??A), [8]
an automated machine (a ’Robot’) is used. The robot has an arm to pick and insert the elec-
tronic components (such as chips, transistors, resistors, capacitors, etc.) on the PCB. The PCB is
mounted on a positioning table which moves it in X and Y direction such that the component is
inserted at the desired location on the board. Design a stepper motor-driven leadscrew actuator
for each axis (X and Y) of the positioning table. The design parameters include the range of travel
in mm, the minimum number of step angles for the motor, and the minimum number of bits for
the control memory for each axis. Assume pitch of the leadscrew to be 2 mm. Inherent mechan-
ical errors in the table positioning can be characterized by a normal distribution with a standard
deviation of 5 microns. Dimensions of the PCB are shown in Fig. ??A. Example component is
shown in Fig. ??B. All the components have identical lead diameters of 0.5 mm.
Note: Clearly state all your assumptions in your answer.
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Figure 3: (A) Blank PCB, and (B) Assembled PCB with a typical electronic component
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