Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

Continuity & Differentiability

Comprehension Type

Paragraph – 1

Let be a polynomial with positive leading coefficient and ; and

Then

1. Degree of the polynomial is_____

(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 2

Key. D

2. is discontinuous at x =

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) -1 (D) none of these

Key. A

3. If and is inverse of _______

(A) is equal to (B) is equal to (C) is equal to 8 (D) does not exist.
Key. B

Sol. (1) Degree of is 2

(2) is discontinuous at

is discontinuous. We know if f is continuous and is discontinuous then is

discontinuous.

(3)

is inverse of

Passage-II

1
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

From graph,

the graph of will be as follows.

Paragraph – 2

Let be a continuous function for such that and

(1) The graph of is made of line segments joined such that left end point is included
and right end point is excluded in each sub interval

(2) The graph starts at the point .

(3) The derivatives of , where defined, agrees with the step pattern as shown here.

Using the above information answer the following.

2
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

4. The range of is _____

(A) (B) (C) (4)

Key. C

5. Number of integral roots of the equation is

(A) exactly 3 (B) exactly 4 (C) exactly 2 (D) none

Key. C

6. The set of points of discontinuities of in its domain are

(A) (B) (C) (D) none

Key. A

Sol. (4) Clearly range =

(5) intersect the graph at points. Hence 3 – solutions.

(6) Points of discontinuities are

Paragraph – 3

For let
Answer the following questions.

7. is equal to

(A) 0 (B) (C) (D) does not exist

Key. C

8. at _______

(A) continuous
(B) discontinuous
(C) both continuous and differentiable
(D) continuous but not differentiable.
Key. B

9. In , the number of points at which vanishes is

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

Key. A

Sol. (7) Case(i):- Let then

3
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

(8) Case(ii):- Let

(9) Case(iii):- If then

=
All the 3-results obviously follows.

Paragraph – 4

10.
The value of
A) 1 B) 0 C) D)
11. The value of g(0) is
A) 0 B) C) 2 D) 1

12.

The domain of function

A) B)
C) D)

Sol. 10. (B) Here put

Then

Hence ,

4
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

From (1) ,(2) and (3), we have

Hence

11. (C)

12. (C)

is defined if

Paragraph –5

A function is said to be continuous at if . i.e.,

. When is not continuous at we say that is iscontinuous

at .
13.
If , then number of point(s) where is discontinuous is
A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) infinitely many
14.

A) B)
exists and it equals exists and it equals
C) does not exists because D) exists and it equals 1/2

15.
In order that the function is continuous at , must be defined as
A) 0 B) e C) 1/e D) 1
Sol. 13. (D)

5
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

is discontinuous at

14. (C) , as and

15. (B)

Paragraph – 6

Let be the roots of and then

evaluate the following limits:
16.

is
A) B) C) D)

17.

is
A) B) C) D)

18.

If are the roots of , then

A) B) C) D)

Sol. 16. (A)

17. (B)

6
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

18. (C)

Paragraph – 7
A real function f has the intermediate value property on an interval I
containing [a, b] if f(a) < v < f(b) or f(b)< v < f(a) ; that is, if v is between
f(a) and f(b), there is between a and b some c such that f(c) = v.
19. Which of the following statements is false?
A) Any continuous function defined on a closed and bounded interval [a, b]

possesses intermediate value property on that interval.

B) If a function is discontinuous on [a, b] then it doesn’t possess
intermediate
property on that interval.
C) If f has a derivative at every point of the closed interval [a, b], then f
takes
on every value between and .
D) If f has a derivative at every point of the closed interval [a, b], then
takes
on every value between and .
Key. B
Sol. A) is well known to be true.
C) is true because then f become continuous
D) is known as Darboux’s theorem although derivatives are not continuous they still enjoy
intermediate value property
B) is false .There are discontinuous functions enjoying intermediate value property .Consider

f on the interval

= 0,

7
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

On the interval , this function takes on all values between and

that is between -1, and 1 an infinite number of times as x varies from to but f
is not continuous at this interval being discontinuous of x = 0

20. Consider the statements P and Q

P: If is continuous, then given in (a, b), there exist

such that .
Q: If f and g have the intermediate value property on [a, b], then so has
f+g on
that interval. Which of the following is correct?
A) P is false but Q is true B) P is true but Q is false
C) Both P and Q are false D) Both P and Q are true
Key. B

Sol. Put m = min

M = max

Then m

Then (a, b) such that

f (x0)=
So P is true, But Q is false so the counter example.

Define
0 , x=a

And g(x) = - sin ,

= 1 , x=a
f and g have intermediate value property from [a,b] but f + g doesn’t have.

21. Consider the statements P and Q

P: For a non zero polynomial p, the equation has at least one

solution.
Q: There exists a continuous function which attains each of its
values
exactly two times.
A) P is false but Q is true B) P is true but Q is false
C) Both P and Q are false D) Both P and Q are true

8
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability
Key. B

Sol. Let f (x) =

and

Then f such that f(x0) = 1

Then p is true
Q is false ( proof by contradiction)
Suppose that f is a continuous function that attains each of its values exactly twice.Let

be such that ,then f (x) b for x x1, x2.

On (x1,x2) assume f (x) > b, (similar analysis will hold for f (x) < b), Let x0 be the point which f

attains its maximum on .There can be exactly one such x0. For it there are more, say

2 points at which the function attained its maximum value on , then f should assume

some values more than twice in , But the function is for bidden to do so

Again, outside , there is exactly one point x0 such that

The intermediate value property implies that every value in (b,c) is attained at least three
times. A contradiction.

Paragraph – 8
L’ Hopital’s rule has many versions. One of them is this.
Suppose f, g: (a, b) are differentiable on (a, b). Suppose further that

(i) for (ii)

(iii) Then
(This rule can be extended to cover the case when a or b tends to infinity
or L tends to infinity)

22. Let f be a differentiable function on

If , then equals

A) B) 4 C) D)
Key. B

9
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

Sol. If l then f (x) = l/a , a > 0

We have l/a

23. Let f be a differentiable function on .

If , then equals

A) B)

C) D)

Key. C

Sol.

24. Let f be three times differentiable on and such that

for x > 0

If , then equals

A) B) C) D)
Key. D

Sol.

Then

10
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

Paragraph – 9
At a function is said to have

(i) Removable discontinuity if exists but not equals to

(ii) Jump discontinuity if exist but not equal

(iii) Infinite discontinuity if or or both fail to exist

Answer the following

25
.

. Then is
A. a point of continuity B. a removable discontinuity
C. a jump discontinuity D. an infinite discontinuity
Key. B
Sol.

26
.

then g has

A. jump discontinuity at B. infinite discontinuity at

C. jump discontinuity at D. Removable discontinuity at
Key. C
Sol.
has jump discontinuity at

Paragraph – 10

denotes left hand derivative at x = a and denotes right hand derivative at

x = a. If , then f is derivable at x = a. otherwise f is not derivable at x=a

11
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

27.

A) 0 only B) C) D)
only Both 0 and
28.

A) Continuous but not differentiable

B) Differentiable but not continuous
C) Both differentiable and continuous
D) Not differentiable and not continuous
29.

then f(x) is
A) Differentiable at x=0
B) Continuous at x=0
C) Both differentiable and continuous at x=0
D) Neither differentiable nor continuous at x=0

Sol. 27. (B) and

28. (D) L.H.L R.H.L at x=2
Not continuous
not differentiable
29. (D) Graph of f(x) broken at x=0

Paragraph – 11
Let a real valued function f be defined by the setting

where is a non-zero integer.

30. The set of all values of for which is continuous at the origin is
A) B) C) D)

12
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

31. The set of all values of for which is differentiable at the origin is
A) B) C) D)

32.
The set of all values of for which is continuous at the origin is
A) B) C) D)
Sol. 30. (A)

As , the above limit tends to zero when .

31. (A)

From the reasoning similar to that in the previous question .

32. (C)

It easily follows on the lines of above two questions that for to be continuous at origin
.

Paragraph –12
A real valued function f satisfies the following conditions

(i) for all ( where a is a constant)

(ii) (iii) (iv)

33.
The value of equals
A) B) 0 C) 1 D) a
34.
equals
A) B)

C) D)

35.

A) B) 1 C) 0 D) e

13
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

Sol. 33. (A) Put and in (i).

Then
Again choosing in ( i ),we get

Put and in ( i ) to get

34. (C)

35. (B)

Paragraph –13

It can be shown that if is continuous at 0 then is differentiable at x = 0. by

changing origin, we can say that if is continuous at a then is

differentiable at

36. The largest set over which is differentiable is

a) b) R c) d) None
Key. C

37. The number of points where the function is not

differentiable is
a) one b) two c) three d) infinite
Key. A

38. Let , , , then

a) is continuous but not differentiable at x = 0

b) is continuous and differentiable everywhere.

c) is continuous everywhere and differentiable only at x = 0

d) None of these
Key. B
Sol. 36. At its not differentiable
37. At its not differentiable.

38.
Check only at

14
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability
LHD = RHD = 0

Paragraph –14

Let a function of defined as , where [ . ] denotes greatest

integer function. Answer the following question by using the above information.
39. The number of points of discontinuity of f(x) is
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) N. O. T
Key. B
Sol.

Two pt of discount. – 1, -1/2

40. The function f(x – 1) is discontinuous at the points

A) B) C) D) 0, 1
Key. C
Sol.

41. Number of points where |f(x)| is not differentiable is

A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
Key. C
Sol.

15
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

At – 1, - ½, the function is not differentiable

Paragraph –15

Consider two function y = f(x) and y = g(x) defined as

and
42. f(x) is continuous at x = 1 but not differentiable at x = 1, if
A) a = 1, b = 0 B) a = 1, b = 2 C) a = 3, b = 1 D) a and b are integers
Key. C

Sol.

For continuity a + b = ab i.e. a = 3b …(i)

2a + 2b,

43. g(x) is continuous at x = 2, if

A) c = 1, d = 2 B) c = 2, d = 3 C) c = 1, d = - 1 D) c = 1, d = 4
Key. A

Sol.

g(2) = 4c + d
4c + d = 2d + 3 – c
d = 5c – 3

16
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability
44. If f is continuous and differentiable at x = 3, then

A) B) C) D)
Key. D

Sol.
Since f(x) is continuous at x = 3
8b = 5a – 6

Since f is differentiable at x = 3

i.e. 5a - 8b – 6 = 0

thus a – 1 = 2b …(ii)

from (i) and (ii), we get a = 2,

Paragraph –16
Let hand derivative and Right hand derivative of a function f(x) at a point x = a are defined as

and

respectively.
Let f be a twice differentiable function.
45. If f is odd, which of the following is Left hand derivative of f at x = - a

A) B)

C) D)
Key. A

Sol.

46. If f is even which of the following is Right hand derivative of at x = a.

A) B)

C) D)
Key. A

17
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

Sol. If f is even, then

47. The statement implies that

A) f is odd B) f is even
C) f is neither odd nor even D) nothing can be concluded
Key. B

Sol. and

is an odd function
f is an even function

Paragraph –17

There are two systems and of definitions of limit and continuity. In system the
definition are as usual in system the definition of limit is as usual but the continuity is
defined as follows:
A function f(x) is defined to be continuous at x = a if

(i) and

(ii) f(a) lies between the values of and if else

Read the above passage carefully and answer the following

48. If and , then consider statements

(i) f(x) is discontinuous under the system

(ii) f(x) is continuous under the system

(iii) g(x) is continuous under the system

Which of the following option is correct
A) Only (i) is true B) only (i) and (ii) are true
C) only (ii) and (iii) are true D) all (i), (ii), (iii) are true
Key. D

18
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

Sol. If and

Then
|3 – 2.7| 0.3 < 1 and f(0) = 2.9 lies in (2, 7, 3)

f(x) is continuous under the system

g(x) is also continuous under the system

under system , since does not exist

f(x) is not continuous
(i), (ii) and (iii) all are true

49. If each of f(x) and g(x) is continuous at x = a in , then in which of the following is
continuous
A) f + g B) f – g
C) f . g D) None of these
Key. D

Sol. Let and

and

is satisfied
(f + g) (0) = 5.8 which do not lie in (5. 7, 5.75)
f + g is not continuous

Similarly we can show that f – g and f.g are not continuous under

50. Which of the following is incorrect

A) a continuous function under the definition in must also be continuous under the
definition in

B) A continuous function under the definition in must also be continuous under the
definition in

19
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

C) A discontinuous function under the definition in must also be discontinuous under the
definition in

D) A discontinuous function under the definition in must be continuous under the

definition in
Key. B

Sol. A function continuous under system may not be continuous under system

Paragraph –18

Let a function be defined by , it is given that

.
Answer the following

51. may be continuous for

A) B) C) D)
Key. A

52. If is differentiable at x = 0, if
A) B) C) D)
Key. C
53. If is differentiable at zero, then in addition to the conditions imposed on
described in described in (58) and (59) above, we must have

A) B) C) D)
Key. B
Sol. 51. At x=0,

L.H.L = R.H.L=

for f(x) to be continuous at x=0 and f(0)=

L.H.L

20
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability

a=1
52. f(x) need to be continuous first a=1
now let f(x) be differentiable also at x=0,then

53. If f(x) is differentiable at x=0,then

constant

Paragraph –19
It can be shown that if f(x) is differentiable at 0 then f(x) is continuous at 0. By changing
origin, we can say that if f(x) is continuous at a then (x-a) f(x-a) is differentiable at a.

54. The largest set over which is differentiable is

A) B) R C) D)
Key. C

55. The number of points where the function is not

differentiable is

A) one B) two C) three D) infinite

Key. A

56. Let f(x) = , g(x) = sin x and h(x) = g(x) f(g(x)), then
A) h(x) is continuous but not differentiable at 0.
B) h(x) is continuous and differentiable everywhere.
C) h(x) is continuous everywhere and differentiable only at x = 0.

21
Mathematics Continuity & Differentiability
D)None of these.
Key. B

Sol. 54. By given fact is differentiable at zero.but it is certainly not continuous at x=1
and
x= -1 .
Not differentiable at x=1,x=-1

55.

It is evident that f(x) is not differentiable at x = 4

56. It is clear that h(x) =

Whose differentiability is doubtful only at .At any , h(x)=

vanish at

h(x) is differentiable everywhere

22