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Heart Failure 1

Cardiac failure is a condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, with types including systolic, diastolic, right heart, and left heart failure. Diagnosis is based on clinical features and investigations, while treatment focuses on reducing cardiac workload, improving myocardial contractility, and controlling fluid retention. Common causes include coronary artery disease, hypertension, and diabetes, with symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention.

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Khaleel Ahmed Manik
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15 views4 pages

Heart Failure 1

Cardiac failure is a condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, with types including systolic, diastolic, right heart, and left heart failure. Diagnosis is based on clinical features and investigations, while treatment focuses on reducing cardiac workload, improving myocardial contractility, and controlling fluid retention. Common causes include coronary artery disease, hypertension, and diabetes, with symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention.

Uploaded by

Khaleel Ahmed Manik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CARDIAC FAILURE

DEFINITION- it is the condition in which the heart losses its capacity to pump sufficient amount of blood to all the parts of body.

HEART FAILURE
TYPES SYSTOLIC DIASTOLIC HEART RIGHT HEART LEFT HEART FAILURE DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT
HEART FAILURE FAILURE
FAILURE
DESCRIP Impaired Impaired relaxation & Right ventricle Left ventricle fails to Diagnosis mainly Reduce cardiac work load-
TION ability of the filling of the heart, fails to pump pump blood effectively based on its clinical complete bed rest.
heart to despite normal blood to the lungs features Small & light meals
contract and contraction effectively to recommended.
pump blood the lungs Sedatives & antianxiety
drugs prescribed.
EJECTIO <40% Preserved >_50% variable variable INVESTIGATIONS Improve myocardial
N contractility- drugs like
FRACTIO digitalis &
N sympathomimetic
prescribed
COMMO Coronary Hypertension, Pulmonary Coronary heart disease, Electrocardiograph Control fluid retention-salt
N artery disease, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, valvular heart disease y intake restricted, diuretics
CAUSES heart attacks, ageing, restrictive pulmonary advised
hypertension, cardiomyopathy embolism
cardiomyopath
y
SYMPTO Shortness of Shortness of breath, Swelling in legs Shortness of breath, Radiography of Reduce afterload- use of
MS breath, fatigue, fluid abdomen, fatigue, fluid retention, chest vasodialator recommended
fatigue, fluid retention especially fatigueShortnes orthopnea. Biochemical test
retention during exercise s breath
LEFT HEART FAILURE
Underlying Cause (e.g., Ischemic heart disease, Hypertension, Cardiomyopathy)
⬇
Left Ventricular Dysfunction (Systolic and/or Diastolic)
⬇
Decreased Cardiac Output
↓
➡ Reduced perfusion to organs
⬇
Activation of RAAS & Sympathetic Nervous System

⬇
Vasoconstriction & Fluid Retention → Worsens heart workload
⬇
Increased Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Pressure
⬇
Increased Left Atrial Pressure
⬇
Pulmonary Venous Congestion
⬇
Pulmonary Edema
Clinical Manifestations
Dyspnea
Orthopnea
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea
Fatigue
Cough (especially at night)

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