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BGP Message Types

The document outlines the four main message types used in Border Gateway Protocol (BGP): Open, Update, Keepalive, and Notification, detailing their purposes and functionalities. It also includes basic configuration examples for two routers (R1 and R2) with specific IP addresses and BGP settings. Additionally, it provides Wireshark captures of BGP messages exchanged between the routers and instructions for changing the BGP AS number.

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Mainak Mondal
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104 views3 pages

BGP Message Types

The document outlines the four main message types used in Border Gateway Protocol (BGP): Open, Update, Keepalive, and Notification, detailing their purposes and functionalities. It also includes basic configuration examples for two routers (R1 and R2) with specific IP addresses and BGP settings. Additionally, it provides Wireshark captures of BGP messages exchanged between the routers and instructions for changing the BGP AS number.

Uploaded by

Mainak Mondal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BGP Message Types:

BGP basically uses four message types in its operations:


1. Open:
o Open message is sent after Border Gateway Protocol neighbor is configured.
o Exchanges Dynamic Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) values and capabilities.
o Open message is sent to establish or form peering with that BGP neighbor.
o Contains information such as Version, AS Number, Router ID and the Hold-Time.

2. Update:
o Routing information between peers is transferred using the Update message.
o Update message include, new routes, withdrawn routes and the path attributes.

3. Keepalive:
o Keepalive message is similar to Hellos message in other routing protocols.
o BGP uses keepalives message which help in keeping peering session active.
o Keepalive messages are sent periodically to maintain neighbor relationship.
o The BGP peers exchange Keepalive messages are after every 60 seconds.
o The Border Gateway Protocol Peers Hold Timer is 180 seconds by default.

4. Notification:
o In event of a problem which causes the router to end the BGP peering session.
o The BGP neighbor send a notification message and the connection is closed.
o Border Gateway Protocol use notification to resets the neighbor relationship.
o Such ad Bad peer AS Number, bad BGP Identifier, unacceptable hold time etc.

1 | P a g e Created by Kushal Kabi E-Mail: kushalkabi@gmail.com , Mobile: 7890466296


R1 Basic Configuration
R1(config)#interface f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no
shut R1(config-
if)#exit
R1(config)#interface loopback 1
R1(config-if)#ip add 11.11.11.11 255.255.255.0
R2 Basic Configuration
R2(config)#interface f0/0
R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no
shut R2(config-
if)#exit
R2(config)#interface loopback 2
R2(config-if)#ip add 22.22.22.22 255.255.255.0

R1 Configuration
R1(config)#router bgp 1
R1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.12.2 remote-as 2
R1(config-router)#network 11.11.11.0 mask 255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
R2(config)#router bgp 2
R2(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.12.1 remote-as 1
R2(config-router)#network 22.22.22.0 mask 255.255.255.0

Wireshark capture of an open message between R1 and R2.

2 | P a g e Created by Kushal Kabi E-Mail: kushalkabi@gmail.com , Mobile: 7890466296


Wireshark capture of Update message between R1 and R2.

Wireshark capture of Keepalive message between R1 and R2.

Change BGP AS Number


R2(config-router)#no router bgp 2
R2(config)#router bgp 22
R2(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.12.1 remote-as 1

3 | P a g e Created by Kushal Kabi E-Mail: kushalkabi@gmail.com , Mobile: 7890466296

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