Data Science
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introduction
⚫ Data science is a deep study of the massive amount of data, which involves
extracting meaningful insights from raw, structured, and unstructured data
that is processed using the scientific method, different technologies, and
algorithms.
⚫ It is a multidisciplinary field that uses tools and techniques to manipulate the
data so that you can find something new and meaningful.
⚫ Data science uses the most powerful hardware, programming systems, and
most efficient algorithms to solve the data related problems.
⚫ It is the future of artificial intelligence.
❖ Why Study Data Science?
1) Demand: Data Scientists are in High Demand
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), employment of Data Scientists
is projected to grow 36% from 2021 to 2031, much faster than the average for
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Data Science
all occupations. With the utter importance of this career, data scientists are
highly sought after, making for a great potential career choice.
2) Growth: Data Science Careers Have High Earning Potential
According to the BLS, the median annual wage for data scientists was $100,910
in may 2021.1 A career in data science may not only be lucrative but can be
fulfilling, rewarding, and challenging.
3) Job Security: Data Science is a Fast-Growing Field
This year, LinkedIn released its annual jobs on the rise report—and Machine
Learning Engineers came out on top at 4th place. While it didn’t rank as the #1
fastest-growing field, it certainly cropped up pretty quickly.
4) Opportunity: Data Science Has a Range of Potential Job
Opportunities
According to BuiltIn, studying data science can give you access to a diverse range
of job opportunities. Some of these employment options may include:
✓ Data Scientist
✓ Data Analyst
✓ Data Engineer
✓ Data Architect
✓ Business Intelligence Analyst
✓ Database Administrator
✓ Machine Learning Engineer
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Data Science
5) Flexibility: Data Scientists are Needed in Various Sectors
Data scientists are in demand across a range of industries and sectors. The need
will only grow as businesses integrate more data environments into their
operations. Some of the popular industries for data science professionals may
include:
✓ Healthcare
✓ Financial Industry
✓ Manufacturing
✓ Logistics
✓ Retail Industry
✓ Telecommunications
✓ Automotive Industry
❖ Need for Data Science:
⚫ Some years ago, data was less and mostly available in a structured form,
which could be easily stored in excel sheets, and processed using BI tools.
⚫ But in today's world, data is becoming so vast, i.e., approximately 2.5
quintals bytes of data is generating on every day, which led to data
explosion. It is estimated as per researches, that by 2020, 1.7 MB of data will
be created at every single second, by a single person on earth. Every
Company requires data to work, grow, and improve their businesses.
⚫ Now, handling of such huge amount of data is a challenging task for every
organization. So to handle, process, and analysis of this, we required some
complex, powerful, and efficient algorithms and technology, and that
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Data Science
technology came into existence as data Science. Following are some main
reasons for using data science technology:
1. With the help of data science technology, we can convert the massive
amount of raw and unstructured data into meaningful insights.
2. Data science technology is opting by various companies, whether it is
a big brand or a startup. Google, Amazon, Netflix, etc, which handle
the huge amount of data, are using data science algorithms for better
customer experience.
3. Data science is working for automating transportation such as creating
a self-driving car, which is the future of transportation.
4. Data science can help in different predictions such as various survey,
elections, flight ticket confirmation, etc.
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Data Science
❖ Applications of Data Science:
1.In Search Engines:
The most useful application of Data Science is Search Engines. As we know
when we want to search for something on the internet, we mostly use Search
engines like Google, Yahoo, Safari, Firefox, etc. So Data Science is used to get
Searches faster.
For Example, When we search for something suppose “Data Structure and
algorithm courses ” then at that time on Internet Explorer we get the links of
Courses in various website. This happens because the these website is visited
most in order to get information regarding Data Structure courses and
Computer related subjects. So this analysis is done using Data Science, and we
get the Topmost visited Web Links.
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Data Science
2.In Transport:
Data Science is also entered in real-time such as the Transport field like
Driverless Cars. With the help of Driverless Cars, it is easy to reduce the number
of Accidents.
For Example, In Driverless Cars the training data is fed into the algorithm and
with the help of Data Science techniques, the Data is analyzed like what as the
speed limit in highways, Busy Streets, Narrow Roads, etc. And how to handle
different situations while driving etc.
3.In Finance:
Data Science plays a key role in Financial Industries. Financial Industries always
have an issue of fraud and risk of losses. Thus, Financial Industries needs to
automate risk of loss analysis in order to carry out strategic decisions for the
company. Also, Financial Industries uses Data Science Analytics tools in order
to predict the future.
For Example, In Stock Market, Data Science is the main part. In the Stock
Market, Data Science is used to examine past behavior with past data and their
goal is to examine the future outcome. Data is analyzed in such a way that it
makes it possible to predict future stock prices over a set timetable.
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Data Science
4.In E-Commerce:
E-Commerce Websites like Amazon, Flipkart, etc. uses data Science to make a
better user experience with personalized recommendations.
For Example, When we search for something on the E-commerce
websites we get suggestions similar to choices according to our past data
and also we get recommendations according to most buy the product, most
rated, most searched, etc. This is all done with the help of Data Science.
5.In Health Care:
In the Healthcare Industry data science act as a boon. Data Science is used for:
⚫ Detecting Tumor.
⚫ Drug discoveries.
⚫ Medical Image Analysis.
⚫ Virtual Medical Bots.
⚫ Genetics and Genomics.
⚫ Predictive Modeling for Diagnosis etc.
❖ Types of Data Science Job:
The main job roles are given below:
1) Data Scientist
2) Data Analyst
3) Machine learning expert
4) Data engineer
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Data Science
5) Data Architect
6) Data Administrator
7) Business Analyst
8) Business Intelligence Manager
Below is the explanation of some critical job titles of data science.
1. Data Analyst:
• Data analyst is an individual, who performs mining of huge amount of
data, models the data, looks for patterns, relationship, trends, and so on.
• At the end of the day, he comes up with visualization and reporting for
analyzing the data for decision making and problem-solving process.
Skill required: For becoming a data analyst, you must get a good background
in mathematics, business intelligence, data mining, and basic knowledge
of statistics. You should also be familiar with some computer languages and
tools such as MATLAB, Python, SQL, Hive, Pig, Excel, SAS, R, JS, Spark, etc.
2. Machine Learning Expert:
• The machine learning expert is the one who works with various machine
learning algorithms used in data science such as regression, clustering,
classification, decision tree, random forest, etc.
Skill Required: Computer programming languages such as Python, C++, R,
Java, and Hadoop. You should also have an understanding of various algorithms,
problem-solving analytical skill, probability, and statistics.
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Data Science
3. Data Engineer:
• A data engineer works with massive amount of data and responsible for
building and maintaining the data architecture of a data science project.
• Data engineer also works for the creation of data set processes used in
modeling, mining, acquisition, and verification.
Skill required: Data engineer must have depth knowledge of SQL, MongoDB,
Cassandra, HBase, Apache Spark, Hive, MapReduce, with language knowledge
of Python, C/C++, Java, Perl, etc.
4. Data Scientist:
• A data scientist is a professional who works with an enormous amount of
data to come up with compelling business insights through the
deployment of various tools, techniques, methodologies, algorithms, etc.
Skill required: To become a data scientist, one should have technical language
skills such as R, SAS, SQL, Python, Hive, Pig, Apache spark, MATLAB. Data
scientists must have an understanding of Statistics, Mathematics, visualization,
and communication skills.
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