Simplifying Fractions Calculator

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1. A store sells laptops with 3 different sizes, 2 colours, and 7 models. How many
different options of laptops are possible?

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2. Compute the number of distinguishable arrangements of the word: CANADA

Total number of letters is 6. Number of repeats for letter A is 3, no other repeats

so:
9! (divided) / 6! = 120
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3. Form all three-digit numbers using the set of digits {1, 2, 3, 6, 0}.
a. How many such numbers are possible?
To form first digit we exclude 0 so we end up with 5 digits, then we exclude
another one somehow end up with 5 and in the end exclude another one and
somehow end with 4
5*5*4(because 0 can’t lead a digit so set would be 4 digits) = 100

b. How many of these numbers are multiples of 2 or 5?

Number of sample points in set ( n ) = 5 (digits total)

Number of sample points in each permutation ( r ) = 3 ( 2-5=3 )
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 4. Toss a coin five times. How many ways are there to get at least a head and a tail?
2(coin sides)^5(times tossed)-2 ( head + tail)
2^5 – 2 = 30

5. A 4-member team is randomly chosen from six software students and nine networks
students. In how many ways can you create a team with at most one software
student?

6. Bob, Cat, and 5 of their friends are attending a show. If they want to arrange
themselves in a row, in how many ways can they do sit if:
a) There are no restrictions.

b) The first two seats are occupied by Bob and Cat, respectively.

c) Bob and Cat are no longer friends, and do not sit next to each other?
7. Radio stations in Country X have four call letters starting with C, H, U, or M.
Assuming no repetition of letters, how many 4-letter sets of call letters are possible? (An
example of a 4-letter set would be CABD)

8. There are ten members in a committee.

a) How many ways can an executive group of four members be formed?

n = 10!

k = 4!
b) How many ways can you select a president, secretary, and treasurer? No one can
hold more than one position.

9. Find the number of three-digit counting numbers containing at least one “5”,
under each of the following conditions.
a) Repeated digits are allowed.

b) Repeated digits are not allowed.

10. To play in a lottery, you must select 4 distinct numbers from 1 to 29, and one
 HYPER numbers from 1 to 30. How many different sets of 5 numbers can you
select?

11. A class has 8 boys and 7 girls. In how many ways can you choose a group
of 4 with at least 1 girl?

12. A couple has 4 children. How many ways can they have at least one of each (a boy
and a girl)?

13. A basket contains 9 apples and 5 oranges. What is the probability that 4 fruits
randomly selected from the bowl will all be oranges?

14. A box contains five red marbles, three yellow ones, and seven blue ones. Two
 marbles are drawn randomly in succession (i.e. one after the other) without
replacement after each draw. Find the probability that:
a) both marbles are red.
b) the first marble is yellow and the second marble is blue.
Repeat a) and b) with replacement.

15. A box contains the letters (each letter is on a piece of paper) of the English
alphabet. If 5 pieces of paper are randomly selected from the box
simultaneously, what is the probability of getting exactly the letters of the word
“SMART”.

16. If a CD player is programmed to play CD songs in random order, what is the probability
that it will play 5 songs from a CD in order from your favourite to your least favourite?

17. Students at a College obtained 10,000 grades. The table below breaks down the
grades by which school taught the course.

School A B Below B Total

Liberal Arts 2,142 1.890 2,268 6,300
Engineering 368 432 800 1,600
Health sciences 882 630 588 2,100
Total 3,392 2,952 3,656 10,000

a) What is the probability that randomly chosen grade will be from School of Liberal Arts?
b) If you know that the grade chosen is an A, what is the probability that it will be from
School of Engineering or School of Health sciences?
c) Are the events “choose a grade from School of Health sciences” and “choose an A-
letter grade” independent; you must justify your answer.

18. In a manuscript of a doctoral thesis with 2309 lines, there are 35 lines with errors.
Find the empirical probability that a line will not have an error.

19. In a lottery game, a single ball is drawn at random from a container that
contains 20 identical balls numbered 1 through 20. Compute the probability that
the number drawn is:
a) less than 9 or greater than 18
b) even or divisible by 5

20. The following is a table summarizing how many accidents occurred according to
age and gender last year.
Under 25 25-45 46-65 Over 65

Female 10 35 23 12

Male 15 38 25 13

a) If an accident occurs, what is the probability it will involve a male?

b) If an accident occurs, what is the probability it will involve someone under 25 or a
male?
c) If an accident occurs, what is the probability that it will involve a male that is under
25?
d) Given that an accident involves a male, what is the probability it will involve someone
under 25?

21. How many ways to rearrange the letters in BOOKSTORE

22. N = {Ali, Bob, Cal, Dillon} How many ways can an office schedule one member to
work
in the office on each of four different weekdays?
a) Assuming members can work a maximum of one day.

b) Assuming members can work more than one day.

23. Three digit numbers are constructed from the set: {0, 1, 3, 4, 5, 8}
a) How many three-digit numbers are multiples of 5?

b) What is the probability that a randomly chosen three-digit number is not a

multiple of 5?

c) What is the probability that a randomly chosen three-digit number is even or a

multiple of 5?

24. Four men and four women are being interviewed for a job. Leave your answer as a
fraction.
a) Find the probability that after each man, a woman will be interviewed.

b) Find the probability that the men will be interviewed in succession.

25. There are six boys and eight girls in a class. A committee of four students is to be
randomly selected from this class. Find the probability that at least one boy will be
on the committee.

26. At a certain school, all students are required to take study one (and only one)
additional language. The following is a table indicating the enrolment numbers by
gender. Use the data in the table to answer the questions below. Leave your
answers in fractional form.

French Mandarin Spanis Latin total

h
Female 59 35 42 17 153

Male 50 40 32 25 300
total 109 75 74 42 300

If a student is randomly selected from this school, what is the probability

a) that the student will be a female?
153 (total female students ) / 300 (total students) = 153/300 simplify = 51/100
 b) that the student will be a female taking Spanish?
42 (total female Spanish students) / 300 (total students ) = 42/300 simplify = 7/50

c) that the student will be a female or a student taking French?

50 (male French students) + 153 (total female students) = 203

203 / 300(total students) = 203/300

d) Given that the student selected is a female, what is the probability she will be
taking Spanish?
42 ( Spanish female students ) / 153 ( total female students ) = 42/153 simplify = 14/51
27. A randomly generated sequence of colours in offspring of pea plants is given
below.
Red-red-red-white-red-red-red-red-red-red-red-white-red-
red-red-red-red-red-red-red-red-white-red-white-red-red
Find the empirical probability, based on this simulation, that three successive
offspring all will have red flowers.

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Formulae sheet

n(A) = n(U) – n(A') n(AB) = n(A) + n(B) – n(AB)

P ( A∩B )
P(A) = 1 – P(A') P(AB) = P(A) + P(B) – P(AB) P(AB) = P (B )

Test 2 Review Solutions

1. 42
2. 259 459 200
3. a) 100 b) 60
4. 30
5. 630
6. a) 5040 b) 240 c) 3600
7. 55 200
8. a) 210 b) 720
9. a) 252 b) 200
10. 712 530
11. 1295
12. 14
13. 5/1001
14. a) 2/21 b) 1/10 with repetition: a) 1/9 b) 7/75
15. 1/65780
16. 1/120
17. a) 63/100 b) 625/1696 c) No
18. 2274/2309
19. a) ½ b) 3/5
20. a) 91/171 b) 101/171 c) 15/171 d) 15/91
21. 604 80
22. a) 24 b) 256
23. a) 60 b) 2/3 c) 2/3
24. a) 1/70 b) 1/14
25. 133/143
26. a) 51/100 b) 7/50 c) 203/300 d) 14/51
27. 13/24