Before going over this module, the learner must answer the PRE-TEST in order for the
teacher to assess Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) and pin point specific topics that need
emphasis during the discussion.
PRE-TEST
Instruction: Read the following items carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the definition of power in a political context?
A) The ability to do things
B) The ability to enforce laws
C) The ability to influence others
D) The ability to hold a government position
2. What type of power involves the direct control of one actor over another?
A) Institutional Power
B) Structural Power
C) Physical Power
D) Productive Power
3. Which form of power is concerned with laws and rules to maintain order?
A) Structural Power
B) Institutional Power
C) Physical Power
D) Productive Power
4. What is a consequence of power?
A) Control over resources
B) Increased freedom
C) Increased responsibility
D) None of the above
5. Which power looks into the relative influence over norms and ideologies?
A) Institutional Power
B) Productive Power
C) Physical Power
D) Structural Power
6. Which power is related to the role of actors in imposing laws?
A) Structural Power
B) Institutional Power
C) Physical Power
D) Productive Power
7. Who among the following wields structural power?
A) Teachers B) Parents C) The government D) All of the above
8. Which power is exercised through the use of physical force?
A) Productive Power
B) Structural Power
C) Institutional Power
D) Physical Power
Subject Description: Prepared by: Albert F. Marcellano, LPT Page 1 of 6
Subject Title: Philippine Politics Teacher
and Governance
9. How can power be controlled?
A) Through checks and balances
B) Through legal frameworks
C) Through the cooperation of all actors
D) All of the above
10. Why is it important to understand the consequences of power?
A) To avoid abuse of power
B) To increase one's own power
C) To learn how to manipulate others
D) To become a better leader
PHILIPPINE POLITICS and GOVERNANCE
MODULE 3: NATURE, FORMS, and CONSEQUENCES OF POWER
Learning Outcome(s):
At the end of the lesson, the learner is able to:
1. Define power.
2. Identify the nature, types, and consequences of power.
3. Explain the nature, dimensions, types, and consequences of power and how power is
exercised in different situations.
Introduction to Power
Power is one of the central concepts and issues in political science. Who wields
it? How is it shared, checked, or monopolized? How can power and its
consequences be controlled to gain benefits? Though we may not know it, we
may be affected by the play of power in its political sense in everyday life. In the
same way, each of us wields power over other people, things, or situations.This
lesson presents the different definitions and aspects of power in political science. Not only will the
students be able to recognize power, but they will also be empowered to avoid abuse in its usage, as
well as give due respect to others who have power over them.
Type of Power
1. Physical Power - This relates to the physical control or the direct control of one actor over another,
usually through force or authority.
2. Institutional Power - This form of power looks at the position and roles of various actors in relation
to one another, including rules and laws that impose order.
3. Structural Power - This type of power examines the roles and responsibilities actors have toward
one another and their ability to enforce their will, such as laws imposed by the government.
4. Productive Power - This is a type of power that looks into the relative influence actors have over
the production of norms or ideologies.
References:
REX Bookstore, Philippine Politics and Governance
R.A Pawilen and Reidan M. Pawilen
First Edition
Subject Description: Prepared by: Albert F. Marcellano, LPT Page 2 of 6
Subject Title: Philippine Politics Teacher
and Governance
ACTIVITY 1
Power in Everyday life
Write a short paragraph about a time when you felt someone had power over you (e.g., at school, at
home, or with friends). Identify what type of power was used (coercive, reward, legitimate, expert, or
referent) and describe how it made you feel.
ACTIVITY 2
Power Comic Strip
Create a simple comic strip (3-5 panels) that illustrates a scenario where different types of power are
being used. The comic should show how the characters interact based on their power and how it
affects the situation.
Subject Description: Prepared by: Albert F. Marcellano, LPT Page 3 of 6
Subject Title: Philippine Politics Teacher
and Governance
ACTIVITY 3
Power Brainstorm
List of different types of power (e.g., coercive, reward, legitimate, etc.) and think of one real-life
example for each type. You can jot down or briefly describe examples.
POST-TEST
Instruction: Read the following items carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the definition of power in a political context?
Subject Description: Prepared by: Albert F. Marcellano, LPT Page 4 of 6
Subject Title: Philippine Politics Teacher
and Governance
A) The ability to do things
B) The ability to enforce laws
C) The ability to influence others
D) The ability to hold a government position
2. What type of power involves the direct control of one actor over another?
A) Institutional Power
B) Structural Power
C) Physical Power
D) Productive Power
3. Which form of power is concerned with laws and rules to maintain order?
A) Structural Power
B) Institutional Power
C) Physical Power
D) Productive Power
4. What is a consequence of power?
A) Control over resources
B) Increased freedom
C) Increased responsibility
D) None of the above
5. Which power looks into the relative influence over norms and ideologies?
A) Institutional Power
B) Productive Power
C) Physical Power
D) Structural Power
6. Which power is related to the role of actors in imposing laws?
A) Structural Power
B) Institutional Power
C) Physical Power
D) Productive Power
7. Who among the following wields structural power?
A) Teachers B) Parents C) The government D) All of the above
8. Which power is exercised through the use of physical force?
A) Productive Power
B) Structural Power
C) Institutional Power
D) Physical Power
9. How can power be controlled?
A) Through checks and balances
B) Through legal frameworks
C) Through the cooperation of all actors
D) All of the above
10. Why is it important to understand the consequences of power?
A) To avoid abuse of power
B) To increase one's own power
Subject Description: Prepared by: Albert F. Marcellano, LPT Page 5 of 6
Subject Title: Philippine Politics Teacher
and Governance
C) To learn how to manipulate others
D) To become a better leader
Subject Description: Prepared by: Albert F. Marcellano, LPT Page 6 of 6
Subject Title: Philippine Politics Teacher
and Governance
